Science 6 2nd Quarter W3

6
SCIENCE
QUARTER 2 – MODULE 3
(Week 3)
Digestive System
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Teacher V, I wonder how does our Digestive System work?
Source: www. google.com.IMAGE
Good question green ranger!

Let’s go and discover the wonders of breaking down foods as we go on to our journey with the human
Learning Goals:
Describe the mechanism of how the major organs of the digestive system work together,
Explain how the major organs of the digestive system work together
PRE-TEST
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following body system is responsible for the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients in
the body?
a. Digestive System c. Muscular System
b. Integumentary System d. Skeletal System
2. What is the other term for the large intestine?

a. duodenum b. jejunum c. colon d. ileum
3. What do you call the rhythmic movement of food in the esophagus?

a. swallowing b. peristalsis c. villi d. chewing
4. Which of the following digestive organ absorbs nutrients and minerals from food ?
a. mouth b. stomach c. small intestines d. large intestines
5. What do you call the flat teeth used for chewing food?
a. canines c. premolars
b. incisors d. molars
6. Which of the following is a function of villi?

a. helps in absorption of nutrients c. helps in breaking lipids
b. helps in absorption of vitaminsd. helps in breaking fat molecules
7. Which of the following is the correct order of food travel after swallowing?
a. stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine c. esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine
b. stomach, esophagus,, small intestine, large intestine d. esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
8. Which of the following is a proper way of caring for your digestive system?
a. drink lots of water and avoid eating c. eat a balanced meal and drink right amount of water
b. eat a lot and avoid drinking water d. avoid eating and drinking water
9. Which of the following is the function of bile in the liver?
a. digestion of sugar c. digestion of fats
b. digestion of calcium d. digestion of phosphorous
10. What is the role of esophagus in digestion?

a. Releases acids and mixes food.
b. Aids in absorption of nutrients from food.
c. Carries food from mouth to stomach. Great Job Rangers! Let’s
d. Carries food from stomach to intestines. continue to read Teacher
V’s discussions and feel
free to ask questions if
The Human Digestion
Each part of your digestive

system helps to move food
and liquid through your
Gastro Intestinal tract, break
food and liquid into smaller
parts, or both. Once foods
are broken into small enough
parts, your body can absorb
and move the nutrients to
where they are needed. Your
large intestine absorbs water,
and the waste products of
digestion
become stool. Nerves
and hormoneshelp
Source: www. google.com.IMAGE

MAJOR ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND HOW IT WORKS
B. ESOPHAGUS
A. MOUTH Is a long muscular tube that connects phary
The digestive process starts when you
put food in your mouth. The teeth and
tongue are involved in the breakdown of
foods in the mouth. There are different
kinds of teeth performing different
functions in digestion.
A. Incisors- front teeth with sharp edges
used for biting and cutting foods
B. Canines- pointed teeth which grip and
tear food
C. Premolars- crush and grind the food
D. Molars- flat teeth used for chewing
food When you swallow, your tongue
pushes the food into your throat. A small
flap of tissue, called the epiglottis,
folds over your windpipe to prevent
D. SMALL INTESTINE
C. STOMACH Is a narrow coiled tube connected
Is a large J- shaped organ at the end to the stomach. If it is stretched, it is
of the esophagus, on the left side of the about 7 meters long. The main function
body. The capacity of the stomach is 50 mL of the small intestine is absorption of
when empty and can expand up to 2 to 4 nutrients and minerals from food. There
liters when full. The end of the stomach has are 3 parts of the small intestine:
a sphincter muscle that opens and closes A. duodenum- the upper 20
to allow the food from the esophagus to centimeters connected to the stomach.
the stomach. It receives partially digested food
After food enters your stomach, the (known as chyme) from the stomach
stomach muscles mix the food and and plays a vital role in the chemical
liquid with digestive juices. The stomach digestion of chyme in preparation for
slowly empties its contents, called chyme, absorption in the small intestine
into your small intestine. B. jejunum- about 2.5 meters long
responsible for absorbing nutrients from
E. LARGE INTESTINE
digested food into the bloodstream.
The large intestine or colon is a large The jejunum is able to absorb these
coiled tube attached to the end of the
nutrients because it is lined with finger-
small intestine. It is only about 1.5 meters
like projections that are called villi.
long, which includes the colon, rectum,
C. ileum- the longest half coiled
and appendix and twice as wide as the
through the abdominal cavity.
small intestine. In your large intestine, more
The main function of the ileum is to
water moves from your Gastrointestinal
absorb vitamin B12, bile salts, and
tract into your bloodstream. Bacteria in
your large intestine help break down whatever products of digestion were
remaining nutrients and make Vitamin K . not absorbed by the jejunum. The wall
Waste products of digestion, including itself is made up of folds, each of which
parts of food that are still too large, has many tiny finger-like projections
known as villi on its surface.
MAJOR ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND HOW IT WORKS
E. RECTUM F. ANUS
The last 20-30 centimeters of the colon thatThe anus isto
connects the lastanus
your part is
ofthe
therectum.
digestive
It istract. It is a 2-inch
the rectum's job
ACCESORY ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND HOW IT WORKS
A. LIVER B. GALL BLADDER

The liver is the largest gland in the body. Your liver makes
The gallabladder
digestive juiceand
stores called bile that helps
concentrates bile,dige
and
C. PANCREAS
The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum, the first segment of t
? ? ?
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE
DIGESTED FOOD?
The small intestine absorbs most of

the nutrients in your food, and your
circulatory system passes them on to
other parts of your body to store or use.
Special cells help absorbed nutrients
cross the intestinal lining into your
bloodstream. Your blood carries simple
sugars, amino acids, glycerol, and some
vitamins and salts to the liver. Your liver
Source: www.
stores, processes, and delivers nutrients
google.com.IMAGE to the rest of your body when needed.
? ?
The lymph system , a network of vessels
that carry white blood cells and a fluid
called lymph throughout your body to
?
fight infection, absorbs fatty acids and
vitamins. Your body uses sugars, amino
acids, fatty acids, and glycerol to build
substances you need for energy, growth,
and cell repair.
HOW DOES MY BODY

CONTROL THE
DIGESTIVE PROCESS?
Your hormones and nerves work together to help control the digestive process.
Signals flow back and forth from your Gastrointestinal tract to your brain.
Hormones
Cells lining your stomach and small intestine make and release hormones that control how your digestive
Nerves
You have nerves that connect your central nervous system—your brain and spinal cord—to your digestiv
ACTIVITY
Arrange the following sentences according to the process of digestion and absorp
Nutrients pass through the blood stream.

Food is liquefied and digested into forms that cells can use.
Water is absorbed.
Waste are removed from the body.
Food is broken into smaller pieces.
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
In which part of the digestive system does digestion start?

mouthb. esophagusc. stomachd. small intestine
Which moves the food from esophagus to the stomach?
a. swallowing b. fluids c. peristalsis d. enzymes
3. Where does final digestion occur?
a. mouthb. intestinesc. stomachd. esophagus
4. Which of the following accessory organs makes digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and
a. pancreasb. liverc. gall bladderd. salivary glands
Which of the following helps in eliminating the food to prevent constipation?
riceb. meatc. fishd. fruits and vegetables
INVESTIGATING DIGESTION OF FOOD IN THE MOUTH
PROBLEM:
What processes happen when the food is in the mouth?
MATERIALS:
piece of bread or cracker
WHAT TO DO?
iece of bread or cracker and chew it thoroughly. Observe the parts in the mouth that helps in chewing foo
he changes in the taste and size of bread as you chew it.
w it and observe how it is pushed down.
WHAT HAVE YOU FOUND OUT?

What changes occur in the bread /cracker after several minutes of chewing it?
What is the role of saliva in the changes of the taste?
How does the tongue help in swallowing food?
What process of digestion occurs in the mouth?
3. What will happen next if the food is in the esophagus?
CONCLUSION:
Make a conclusion by answering the problem.
POST TEST
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is the function of the digestive system?
a. helps in digestion of food and absorption of nutrients in the body
b. helps in balancing body’s temperature
c. helps in moving the body
b. helps in protecting the body against injuries
2. What do you call the fingerlike projections in the small intestines the helps in nutrient absorption?
a. duodenum b. colon c. villi d. ileum
3. Which organ of the digestive system does peristalsis happen?

a. mouth b. esophagus c. small intestine d. large intestine
4. Which of the following accessory organ of digestion secretes bile that helps digest fats ?
a. pancreas b. salivary gland c. gall bladder d. liver
5. What do you call the front teeth used for biting and cutting food?
a. canines c. premolars
b. incisors d. molars
6. Which of the following is the function of bile in the liver?

a. digestion of sugar c. digestion of fats
b. digestion of calcium d. digestion of phosphorous
7. Which of the following is the correct order of food travel after swallowing?
a. stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine c. esophagus, stomach, large intestine,
small intestine
b. stomach, esophagus,, small intestine, large intestine d. esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine
8. What is the role of esophagus in digestion?

a. releases a ids and mixes food c. aids in absorption of nutrients from food
b. carries food from mouth to stomach d. carries food from stomach to intestines
9. Which of the following is a function of villi?
a. helps in absorption of nutrients c. helps in breaking lipids
b. helps in absorption of vitamins d. helps in breaking fat molecules
10. Which of the following is a proper way of caring for your digestive system?
a. drink lots of water and avoid eating
b. eat a lot and avoid drinking water Great Job Rangers!
c. eat a balanced meal and drink Let’s continue to
right amount of water read Teacher V’s
d. avoid eating and drinking water discussions and
feel free to ask
questions if need

Science 6 2nd Quarter W3

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6

Teacher V, I wonder how does our Digestive System work?

Source: www. google.com.IMAGE

Good question green ranger!

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

2. What is the other term for the large intestine?

3. What do you call the rhythmic movement of food in the esophagus?

6. Which of the following is a function of villi?

10. What is the role of esophagus in digestion?

Each part of your digestive

Source: www. google.com.IMAGE

ACCESORY ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND HOW IT WORKS

A. LIVER B. GALL BLADDER

The small intestine absorbs most of

HOW DOES MY BODY

Nutrients pass through the blood stream.

In which part of the digestive system does digestion start?

WHAT HAVE YOU FOUND OUT?

What is the role of saliva in the changes of the taste?

How does the tongue help in swallowing food?

What process of digestion occurs in the mouth?

3. What will happen next if the food is in the esophagus?

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

3. Which organ of the digestive system does peristalsis happen?

6. Which of the following is the function of bile in the liver?

8. What is the role of esophagus in digestion?

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