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Normal Distribution: Mean, Mode, Median 0 +1sd +2sd +3sd

This document discusses the normal distribution and how to calculate probabilities related to the normal distribution. It provides examples of converting values of a normal variable x to the corresponding z-score. It also shows how to calculate the probability that a normally distributed variable x is below, above, or between certain values by relating it to the area under the standard normal curve.

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Farah thira
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58 views

Normal Distribution: Mean, Mode, Median 0 +1sd +2sd +3sd

This document discusses the normal distribution and how to calculate probabilities related to the normal distribution. It provides examples of converting values of a normal variable x to the corresponding z-score. It also shows how to calculate the probability that a normally distributed variable x is below, above, or between certain values by relating it to the area under the standard normal curve.

Uploaded by

Farah thira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Height of Unirazak students in Sabah

Mean,
Mode,
Median
+1sd +2sd +3sd
Symmetry 0

50% of the population has the height of 155cm and below


50% of the population has the height of 155cm and above

Under the curve


100% = 100/100 = 1.0

In the middle is the mean


In z-score, mean = 0
In real data, mean = x

0.9772

175 cm

2.00 (z)
1
To convert X into Z-score
x−μ
z=
σ
175−155
z= = 2.00
10

P(z<2.00) = 0.9772
97.72%
97.72% of the population has the height of 175cm and below.
What is the probability that the height of the student is more than 175cm?
P(x > 175)
P(z > (175-155)/10)
P(z > 2.00)
= 1 – P(z < 2.00)
= 1 – 0.9772
= 0.0228

2.28%
Exercise:

Find the area under the standard normal curve:

a) To the left of z = 1.56


P(z < 1.56) = 0.9406
c) To the right of z = 2.45
P(z > 2.45) =

b) To the left of z = -2.87 = 1 – P(z < 2.45)


P(z < -2.87) =
= 1 – 0.9929
=1 – P(z < 2.87)
= 0.0071
=1 – 0.9979

= 0.0021

2
d) To the right of z = -1.32
P(z > -1.32) = 0.9066

e) From z = 0.85 to z = 1.95


P(0.85 < z < 1.95) = 0.9744 – 0.8023 =
0.1721

f) Between z = -2.15 and z=1.67


P(-2.15 < z <1.67) = 0.9842 -0.9525 =

= 0.0317

3
B. Converting an x Value to a z Value

For a normal variable x, a particular value of x can be converted to its corresponding z value by using
the formula:

z=X-

where  and  are the mean and standard deviation of the normal distribution of x, respectively.

Remember!

The z value for the mean of a normal distribution is always zero.

Example 2:

Let x be a continuous random variable that has a normal distribution with a mean of 50 and a
standard deviation of 10. Convert the following x values to z values.

a) 55 b) 35

Example 3:

Let x be a continuous random variable that is normally distributed with a mean of 65 and a standard
deviation of 15. Find the probability that x can assumes a value:

a) less than 43
P(x < 43)

4
P(z < [43-65]/15)
P(z < -1.47)
1 – 0.9292
0.0708

5
b) greater than 74

P(x > 74)

= P(z > [74-65]/15)

= P(z > 0.60)

= 1 – 0.7257

= 0.2743

c) between 56 and 71

P(56 < x < 71)

=P ([56-65]/15 < z < [71-65]/15)

=P(-0.04 < z < 0.40)

= 0.6554 - 0.5160

= 0.1394

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