8

English
Quarter 3 - Module 7
Using Parallel Structure

G
G O
ON VGER
N VEORT OVNM
O NPR ERE
T MFOE O NNT
FO NPTER MPER
R PRRTOSY NOTPE
SA PAE L RTY
LERTEY
 W hat's New

Directions: Read the speech carefully, note the words in bold letters, and work
on the activity that follows.

A Call for Environmental Protection

Antifas R. Reyes, PhD
Distinguished Guests
Members of the Faculty
Dear Parents, Students,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
A pleasant and blessed day to each and every one. Allow me to share with
you my experience one Saturday morning when I decided to jog for a physical
exercise at the riverside. There was a high tide during midnight, and in the morning,
one can notice the garbage swept away by the water on the streets. I noticed plenty
of plastic bottles, used diapers, worn out slipper, dry nipa leaves, old bamboo poles,
and dead animals. These objects float on the river and they return on the streets
near the riverside during high tide and flood seasons. I paused, pondered, and
reflected on the matter and I became sad.

21
 During these past few months when typhoons affected several places in
the country, unexpected situations occurred. There was a releasing of water
from the dams of Angat, Bustos, and Ipo in Bulacan for a fear that they might
break. Even the residents of Cagayan were not able to pack, prepare, and bring
important things when Magat Dam released water in the middle of the night
causing flood in the area.
Although it resulted to flooding in some areas, Mark Timbal, the
spokesperson of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(NDRRMC), explained that it was also for disaster-mitigation measure. He
pointed out that if the excess water was not released, the dams might break due
to pressure and water level. However, some people were not able to pack,
prepare, and bring important things when these dams released water in the
middle of the night. Not only the poor households were affected but also the
rich families were affected.
Millions of motorists and pedestrians also complained for being stranded in
many parts of Metro Manila as low-lying and flood-prone areas were flooded with
the onset of the rainy season. Why? What are the causes? According to James
A. Loyola, Manila Bulletin writer, in his article entitled, “Rapid Industrialization,
Heavy Rainfall, Dumping of Garbage in Waterways Cause of Flooding in Metro
Manila” he cited that rapid industrialization, heavy rainfall, dumping of garbage in
waterways cause flooding in Metro Manila.
It is noticeable that industrialization has brought modernization and
development. The agricultural land was once planted with yellow gold palay, river
was teemed with fishes, and the breeze of the air was so fresh and clean. As
modernization takes place, more skyscrapers are built here and there.
Establishment of residential houses is everywhere. However, with this
development, the environment suffers from it. Agricultural land became
populated, urbanized, and commercialized. As a result, the trees have been
cut down, rivers have been polluted, and mountains have been denuded.
According to Sorilla IV in his article, “The Earth is a ticking time bomb, and
the calamities we now face are teasers of what’s to come.” He mentioned too
that “Nature is only reacting to what we do,” Joaillerie’s EVP and Deputy CEO
Jacques Christophe Branellec said. “That is the way that the planet is trying to
re-establish the balance. The more unbalanced we go, the more drastic these
natural disasters will be.” We cannot prevent natural disasters from happening
and with our increasing misuse and abuse of our natural resources, these
disasters would just increase in intensity.

32
 The destruction caused by Typhoon Rolly and Ulyses served as a
warning to Filipino people. The typhoons left people in devastating state as
modern houses were flooded, numerous crops were damaged, and
properties were destroyed.
Ladies and gentlemen, these occurrences remind us to save our
environment. They serve as warnings to protect our mother earth. Nature is rich
and beautiful; however, it could be a threat to us. If we continuously destroy our
environment, time will come that we will suffer from its wrath. According to
Egleston (1882), “Nature bears long with those who wrong her. She is patient
under abuse. But when abuse has gone too far, when the time of reckoning
finally comes, she is equally slow to be appeased and to turn away her wrath.”
Let us not waste our time, let us act before it is too late. Plant more trees
and maintain clean and safe rivers, do not cut trees, do not pollute the air, avoid
denuding the forest, and avoid throwing garbage anywhere.
My friends, the calamities call us to reduce, reuse, recycle, and restore.
Gutierrez, in her article, encourages her readers to refuse buying items in
plastic containers and instead bring canisters, thermos, and tumblers. Let’s help
in managing wastes by doing the four R’s.
I encourage everyone to plant more trees and help conserve nature before
it becomes too late. As Frances Hollandes said, “We have a single mission to
protect and hand on the planet to the next generation.”
Thank you and God bless

Fill Me Out!
Directions: Complete the following groups of words as found in the speech
“A Call for Environmental Protection.”

Agricultural land became 1.) __________, 2.) _________ and 3.) ________
I noticed plenty of 4.) _________________, 5.) _________________, worn
out slipper, dry nipa leaves, old bamboo poles, and dead animals.
My friends, the calamities call us to 6.) ______________, 7.) _____________,
8.) _________________ and 9.) _____________.
Modern houses were flooded, numerous crops were damaged, and
10.) ______________.

3
 What iis
s IItt
Using Parallel Structure

What did you notice in your answers in the previous activity under Fill Me Out? Yes,
there is a repetition of a chosen grammatical form within the sentence. Now, read the
sentences below and take note of the words in bold letters. Notice how the sentences are
constructed.

I noticed plenty of plastic

bottles, used diapers, worn out This sentence contains a series of
slipper, dry nipa leaves, old adjective phrase.
bamboo poles, and dead
animals.

My friends, the calamities call

us to reduce, reuse, recycle, This sentence has a series of verbs.
and restore.

Modern houses were The sentence combines three parallel

flooded, numerous crops were clauses using the coordinating conjunction
damaged, and properties were and
destroyed.
.

Not only the poor households In this sentence, there are two independent
were affected but also the rich clauses connected by not only but also.
families were affected.

What did you notice in the given sentences above? Notice how each sentence is
written when the writer or speaker used similar grammatical forms. This is known as
parallel sentence structure. Parallel structure is a repetition of certain grammatical
form within the sentence. This is also called parallelism.
Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more
ideas have the same level of importance.
Parallel grammatical structures can be two or more words of the same part of
speech, two or more phrases of the same type, or two or more clauses of the same
type. Try to look and analyze the sentence examples below.

Parallel Words Agricultural land became populated, urbanized, and

commercialized.

I noticed plenty of plastic bottles, used diapers, worn out

Parallel Phrases slipper, dry nipa leaves, old bamboo poles, and dead animals.

Modern houses were flooded, numerous crops were

damaged, and properties were destroyed.
Parallel Clauses

54
 In constructing sentences with parallel structure, the following pointers have to be
remembered:
• Use parallel construction when a sentence contains a pair of connected ideas. Pairs can
be connected by coordinating conjunctions which include and, nor, but, or and yet.
• Use parallel structure when a pair of ideas were linked by a correlative conjunctions
such as not only … but also, either … or, neither …. nor.
E.g. Not only the poor households were affected but also the rich families were affected.

What's More

Independent Activity 1
Find Me!
Directions: In your answer sheet, copy only the parts of the sentence that show parallelism.

Example: My hobbies are singing, dancing, and listening to the music. Answer: singing,
dancing, listening
1. Protecting the environment is every man’s responsibility, accountability, and liability
to God.
2. According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), we
should safeguard and preserve our natural resources.
3. Air pollution consists of chemicals or particles in the air that can harm the health of
humans, animals, and plants.
4. To know the impact of illegal logging and to understand the effect of improper garbage
disposal are necessary.
5. Controlled burns of wastes are essential tool for protecting and maintaining the
health and safety of a forest.
Independent Assessment 1
Read and React!
Directions: Draw the emoticon 🙂 if the sentence contains parallel structure and 🙁 if not.

______ 1. My favorite activities are basketball, riding my bike, and visiting places.
______ 2. Public transport such as buses or trains can help reduce air pollution.
______ 3. Mother told me that I should not throw garbage in the river and that I should not
buy drinks in plastic bottles and instead I should bring my tumbler with water.
______ 4. Environment plays an important role in our life; thus, conserving it and to take
care of it are our responsibilities.
______ 5. We need to plant more trees. We need to conserve our natural resources and
we need to prevent throwing garbage anywhere.

5
 Independent Activity 2
A.
Read, Think and Write!
Directions: Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
5.
1. ⇢ ⇣
4.
⇣

2. ⇢

3. ⇢

Across:
1. This is the repetition of certain grammatical forms. It is also called parallel
structure.
2. It is the combination of letters that are used to make up a sentence.
3. It has a subject and a predicate expressing a complete thought or idea.
Down:
4. This part of the sentence is a group of words forming a component of clause.
5. It has a subject and a predicate, but it is only a part of the sentence.

B.
Tell Me!
Directions: Copy the table on your paper and put a check mark on the appropriate column..
word phrase clause

1. We plant okra, patola, and pechay in our backyard.

2. The rain fell heavily; the wind blew terribly.

3. The chirping birds, the swaying leaves and the

humming faunas attract the passersby.
4. I like going in the ield, re lecting at night, and
thinking of my future.
5. My family loves to travel, to see and to feel the
beauty of nature.
6
Independent Assessment 2
Choose Me!
Directions: In the sentences below, choose the correct word/s that give/s the sentence a
correct parallel structure. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. As a leader of the community, the barangay chairperson wanted peace, progress,

and _________.
a. develop c. development
b. developing d. develops
2. I need to obey my parents, to abide by the rules, and __________my lessons very
well.
a. study c. studies
b. studying d. to study
3. Your parents have to know where you are, who are with you, and __________.
a. why are you there c. you are there
b. why you are there d. you were there
4. Later that day, father took the fishing rods to the river, caught several fish, and _________.
a. fall asleep c. falls asleep
b. fallen asleep d. felt asleep
5. To show love for our country, we do not only patronize local products but ____________.
a. we also practice Filipino virtues and values c. we practice Filipino virtues and values
b. we also practiced Filipino virtues and values d. we practiced Filipino virtues and values

Independent Activity 3
Match and Complete Me!
Directions: Complete the sentences in Column A by choosing the appropriate word/s in
Column B. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
_____ 1. During weekends, I help in cleaning the a. slum development
house, watering the garden, and ______
for lunch and dinner. b. fever
Industrialization has led to urban
migration and ________ which has led to c. impairs liver
environmental problems.
Lead affects bone, __________, and d. preparing foods
limits mental development in patients.
Pollution leads to health problems such e. weekly exercise
as cholera, _______, and dysentery.
f. loud noise of vehicles
The frequent play of loud speakers, the
constant play of radios and television, and
the _________ deaf us during the day.
87
Independent Assessment 3
Spot and Correct Me!
Directions: The sentences below contain unparalleled structures.
Copy the unparalleled parts and write the word/s that will make the
sentence parallel. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Example: Marie likes running, walk around, and playing with her dog.
Answer: walk - walking

1. Our community abides by the practice of reducing wastes, recycling

materials, and to reuse plastic products.
2. People of all ages, of any gender, and of any financial status must be
ambassadors of nature even in their own ways.
3. Please, keep the environment pleasantly cleaned, refreshingly cool,
and absolutely safe.
4. Planting trees, avoiding toxic wastes, and reduce carbon footprints
help maintain a sustainable environment.
5. With the efforts of nurturing the environment, people should know
their responsibilities with nature, abide by the rules and regulations,
and necessary actions and preventions must be taken.
6. Air pollution may increase the risk of asthma, bronchitis, and skin
allergy.
7. Turning off the lights when not in use, reusing water bottles, and to
recycle plastic materials are some simple ways to protect nature.
8. Help save the environment by participating in our projects, by
volunteering, or by your donation in cash or in kind.
9. Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the
environment by individuals, organizing, and governments.
We must conserve our nature to improve the health of the people, to
reduce the risk of many diseases, and protecting endangered species.

88
What I have Learned

Wrap it Up!
Directions: Complete the paragraph by supplying words you
have encountered in the module.

When the writer or speaker used similar

grammatical forms, this is known as parallel
sentence structure. (1.) ________is a repetition of
certain grammatical form within the sentence. This
is also called (2.) ___________. This can happen
at (3.) ______, (4.) _____or (5.) ________level.
Parallel structure means using the same pattern of
(6.) _____to show that (7.)_____ideas have the
same level of (8.)__________. Parallel construction
is applied when a sentence contains a pair of
(9.) _________ideas. Pairs can be connected by (10.)
________________ which include and, nor, but, or and
yet.

99
 W h at I C
Caan D
Doo

I Love My Country!

As a member of the community, compose a

paragraph on how you can show your love to your
country. Make sure that parallel structure or
parallelism is applied in your sentences. Kindly, read
the given rubrics on the next page before doing your
activity.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

110
 RUBRIC

Directions: Use the rubric provided below as a scoring guide to evaluate the quality
of the students’ constructed responses.

Content Organization and Ideas

There are 9-10 sentences with

The organization of thoughts
5 the same grammatical form or 5
and ideas is well organized
parallel structure.

There are 7-8 sentences with The development of thoughts

4 the same grammatical form or 4 and ideas convey good
parallel structure. organization.

There are 5-6 sentences with Adequate understanding is

3 the same grammatical form or 3 demonstrated but not critically
parallel structure. analyzed.

There are 3-4 sentences with

2 the same grammatical form or Ideas are not organized and
2
parallel structure. relevance is unclear.

1-2 sentences with the same

grammatical form or parallel Analysis is omitted and ideas
1 1
structure are found in the are not organized.
sentence

Mechanics of Writing

The sentences are written in

5 complete thought, punctuation,
spelling, capitalization etc.

There is an error in grammar,

4
spelling and punctuation.

There are 2-3 errors in

3 grammar, spelling and
punctuation.

There are 4 errors in grammar,

2
spelling and punctuation.

There are more than 5 errors

1 in grammar, spelling, and
punctuation.

11
11
 Additional Activities

Try to Compose!

Directions: Compose sentences containing parallel structures by following the

instructions found inside the box. Blanks are provided for your honest answers.

1. Write a sentence containing series of three gerunds. (Gerund is a

noun that ends in –ing e.g. writing, walking etc.)
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. Combine two parallel clauses using “but”.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

3. Write a sentence containing a series of three adjectives.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

4. Construct two independent clauses/sentences connected by “and”.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

5. Write a sentence containing three parallel words.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

12
ANSWER KEY Independent Activity 3: Match and Complete Me
1. d
What’s New 2. a
Fill Me Out 3. c
1. populated 6. reduce 4. b
2. urbanized 7. reuse 5. f
3. commercialized 8. recycle
4. plastic bottles 9. restore Independent Assessment3: Spot and Correct Me
5. used diapers 10. properties were destroyed 1. reusing- reuse
2. status-financial status
What’s More 3. clean- cleaned
Independent Activity 1 4. reducing- reduce
1. responsibility, accountability, and liability 5. take necessary actions- necessary actions and
2. safeguard and preserve preventions must be taken
3. humans, animals, and plants 6. allergy-skin allergy
4. to know the impact of illegal logging and to 7. recycling- to recycle
understand the impact of improper garbage disposal is 8. donating cash- by your donation
a must 9. organization- organizing
5. protecting and maintaining 10. To protect- protecting

Independent Assessment 1 Read and React What I Have Learned

1. 🙁🙁 1. Parallel Structure 6. words
2. 🙂🙂 2. parallelism 7. two or more
3. 🙂🙂 3. words 8. importance
4. 🙁🙁 4. phrases 9. connected ideas
5. 🙂🙂 5. clauses 10. coordinating conjunction

Independent Activity 2 What I Can Do

A. Read, Think, and Write Answers may vary.
Across Down
1. parallelism 4. phrase Additional Activities
2. word 5. clause Answers may vary
3. sentence Here are some possible answers;
B. Tell Me 1. My hobbies are reading, biking and singing.
1. words 2. The river is teemed with fishes but presently, it is
2. clause contaminated with chemicals from the factories in the
3. phrase nearby areas.
4. phrase 3. Susie, my friend is helpful, pretty and smart.
5. phrase 4. Philippines is rich in natural resources and it is also
inhabited by creative and productive citizens.
Independent Assessment 5. My favorite fruits are banana, apple, and orange.
Choose Me
1. b
2. a
3. b
4. c
5. b

12
13