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    DC Circuits - Basic Laws (Part 1)

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    Yosep Gunawan
    Georg Ohm experimentally determined the basic law relating voltage and current for a resistor in 1826. This became known as Ohm's Law. Gustav Kirchhoff stated two circuit laws in 1847 concerning current and voltage in an electrical network. Kirchhoff's Laws, along with Ohm's Law, form the basis of circuit theory. The document then discusses resistance, conductance, power dissipation by resistors, nodes, branches, loops, and using Kirchhoff's Laws to analyze circuits. Examples are provided to illustrate applying these concepts to calculate voltages, currents, and power in circuits.

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    DC Circuits - Basic Laws (Part 1)

    Uploaded by

    Yosep Gunawan
    477 views28 pages
    Georg Ohm experimentally determined the basic law relating voltage and current for a resistor in 1826. This became known as Ohm's Law. Gustav Kirchhoff stated two circuit laws in 1847 concerning current and voltage in an electrical network. Kirchhoff's Laws, along with Ohm's Law, form the basis of circuit theory. The document then discusses resistance, conductance, power dissipation by resistors, nodes, branches, loops, and using Kirchhoff's Laws to analyze circuits. Examples are provided to illustrate applying these concepts to calculate voltages, currents, and power in circuits.

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    Dc Circuits - Basic Laws (Part 1)

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    Georg Ohm experimentally determined the basic law relating voltage and current for a resistor in 1826. This became known as Ohm's Law. Gustav Kirchhoff stated two circuit laws in 1847 concerning current and voltage in an electrical network. Kirchhoff's Laws, along with Ohm's Law, form the basis of circuit theory. The document then discusses resistance, conductance, power dissipation by resistors, nodes, branches, loops, and using Kirchhoff's Laws to analyze circuits. Examples are provided to illustrate applying these concepts to calculate voltages, currents, and power in circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    477 views28 pages

    DC Circuits - Basic Laws (Part 1)

    Uploaded by

    Yosep Gunawan
    Georg Ohm experimentally determined the basic law relating voltage and current for a resistor in 1826. This became known as Ohm's Law. Gustav Kirchhoff stated two circuit laws in 1847 concerning current and voltage in an electrical network. Kirchhoff's Laws, along with Ohm's Law, form the basis of circuit theory. The document then discusses resistance, conductance, power dissipation by resistors, nodes, branches, loops, and using Kirchhoff's Laws to analyze circuits. Examples are provided to illustrate applying these concepts to calculate voltages, currents, and power in circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 28

    Basic Laws

    (Part 1)
    Georg Simon Ohm (1787–1854), a German
    physicist, in 1826 experimentally determined the
    most basic law relating voltage and current for a
    resistor.

    Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824–1887), a German


    physicist, stated two basic laws in 1847
    concerning the relationship between the
    currents and voltages in an electrical network.
    Kirchhoff’s laws, along with Ohm’s law, form the
    basis of circuit theory.
    Ohm’s Law

    Materials in general have a characteristic behavior of resisting the flow


    of electric charge.This physical property, or ability to resist current, is
    known as resistance and is represented by the symbol R.
    A useful quantity in circuit analysis is the reciprocal of resistance R,
    known as conductance and denoted by G
    The power dissipated by a resistor can be expressed in terms of R

    The power dissipated by a resistor may also be expressed in terms of G


    Example

    In the circuit, calculate the current i,


    the conductance G, and the power p.

    Solution
    Practice Problem

    For the circuit below, calculate the voltage v, the conductance G, and
    the power p.
    Nodes, Branches, and Loop
    Since the elements of an electric circuit can be interconnected in
    several ways, we need to understand some basic concepts of network
    topology. In network topology, we study the properties relating to the
    placement of elements in the network and the geometric configuration
    of the network. Such elements include branches, nodes, and loops.
    Kirchhoff’s Laws
    Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
    Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)
    When voltage sources are connected in series, KVL can be applied
    to obtain the total voltage.
    Examples
    1. Find voltages v1 and v2.

    Solution
    To find v1 and v2, we apply Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s voltage
    law. Assume that current i flows through the loop.

    (1)
    Applying KVL around the loop gives

    (2)

    Substituting Eq.(1) into Eq.(2), we obtain

    Substituting i in Eq.(1) finally gives


    2. Find current i and voltage vo.

    Solution
    (1)
    (2)

    From Eq.(1) and Eq.(2),


    3. Find current io and voltage vo.

    Solution
    Practice Problems
    Find voltages and currents in circuits below

    1. 2.

    3.
    Selected Problems

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