DEFINING NON-DEFINING

 The woman ………………………………… is  My brother Jim, ………………………………, is a

a doctor. doctor.
 We stayed at the hotel ……………………… to  We stayed at the Grand Hotel, …………
us. ……………………… to us.

The relative clause tells you which person or thing The relative clauses in these sentences give us
the speaker means. extra information about the person or thing.
We do not use commas (,) with these clauses. We use commas (,) in these clauses.
You can use that: You cannot use that:
 Do you know anyone ……………………  John, ………………………………… Japanese
…………… Japanese and Chinese? and Chinese, works as a tourist guide.

In both types of relative clause, you can use whose and where:
 We met some people …………………… had  Amy, whose car had broken down, was in a very
broken down. bad mood.
 What’s the name of the place ……………  Mrs. Bond is going to spend a few weeks in
…………………… your holiday? Sweden, ………………………………… lives.

Exercise 1: Combine the sentences using RELATIVE CLAUSE

1. Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh. He wrote the Sherlock Holmes stories.
Arthur Conan Doyle .................................................................................................................................
2. The man is my teacher. I am grateful to him.
................................................................................................................................................................
3. Nga is friendly. We are talking about her.
................................................................................................................................................................
4. That is the student. I borrowed his book last week.
................................................................................................................................................................
5. I want to have a computer. My father bought it for me yesterday.
................................................................................................................................................................
6. He was sitting on a chair. It was comfortable.
................................................................................................................................................................
7. He smokes cigarettes. They make him terrible.
................................................................................................................................................................
8. Many people only think about money. I don’t like them.
................................................................................................................................................................
9. Do you know the girl? I have repaired her car?
................................................................................................................................................................
10. Let me see the picture. You took them at my weeding.
................................................................................................................................................................
ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 1
 11. Tom has bought a house. There are ghosts in that house.
................................................................................................................................................................
12. These book are mine. I use them in class only.
................................................................................................................................................................
13. Miss Hoa is my aunt. I and her son have studied here for 5 years.
................................................................................................................................................................
14. The film is about a king. His ambition is to rule the world.
................................................................................................................................................................
15. He is the burglar. Police are looking for him.
................................................................................................................................................................
16. My house is ancient. It was built in 1999.
................................................................................................................................................................
17. My neighbor comes from Canada. He works with my father in this factory.
................................................................................................................................................................
18. Anna is your girlfriend. Her brother is in my football team.
................................................................................................................................................................
19. Her book was published last year. It became the best seller.
................................................................................................................................................................
20. The man is my boss. He wants to buy your house.
................................................................................................................................................................
21. That is my English teacher. I am telling you about her.
................................................................................................................................................................
22. This is a story about the man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
................................................................................................................................................................
23. The lady is Mrs. Jane. Her dog has been lost for 2 days.
................................................................................................................................................................
24. I like the painting. It is now in the living room.
................................................................................................................................................................
25. She is reading a book. She has bought it in the library.
................................................................................................................................................................
26. My brother is interested in football. It is popular in the world.
................................................................................................................................................................
27. The young man is talking to my teacher. He is An’s brother.
................................................................................................................................................................
28. The girl is a famous singer. We met her at your party.
................................................................................................................................................................
29. A man from my village is on TV last night. I am teaching his children.
................................................................................................................................................................
30. My parents send their best wishes to us. You met them last year.
................................................................................................................................................................
31. The man is a lawyer. My parents bought the man’s house.
................................................................................................................................................................
32. Can you understand the question? She has asked you the question three times.
................................................................................................................................................................
33. The room looks beautiful. Its doors are pink.
................................................................................................................................................................
34. Nga is his girlfriend. Her father is going to work in China next week.

ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 2

 ................................................................................................................................................................
35. English is used in this meeting. It is spoken around the world.
................................................................................................................................................................

Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D.

1. My mother ...... enjoys hill walking.
A. who is in her seventies B. that is in her seventies
C. which is in her seventies D. who is in her seventies
2. She's one of the kindest people .......
A. that I know B. whose I know
C. who I know D. which I know
3. Where is the house ......?
A. where they are living B. which they are living
C. where they are living there D. where they are living in
4. She lives in the house .......
A. which has the red door B. has the red door
C. that with the red door D. with its red door
5. Mark Twain is an author ...... I like best.
A. his books B. that books C. the book of whom D. whose books
6. The problem ...... never occurred.
A. I hadn't expected it B. that I had expected it
C. who I had expected D. I had expected
7. In 1850, Yale University established Sheffield Scientific School, .......
A. engineers were educated there B. where engineers were educated
C. in which were engineers educated D. where were engineers educated
8. Post office is a place ...... you can buy stamps, mail letters and packages, and receive mail.
A. that B. which C. where D. in which
9. Do you know the date ...... we have to hand in the essay?
A. which B. in which C. on that D. when
10. My uncle ...... you met yesterday is a lawyer.
A. which B. who C. whose D. to whom
11. The council is in discussion with Lord Thomas, ...... land most of the village is built on.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
12. These adults, ...... come to my night class, are very eager to learn.
A. whose B. who C. that D. when
13. Regina, ...... you have never met before, is a genius in painting.
A. that B. whose C. whom D. whoever
14. The paintings Mr. Flowers has in his house are worth around $ 100,000.
A. which B. whose C. what D. whom
15. Oxford, ...... attracts many tourists, is often crowded in the summer.
A. that B. which C. whose D. where
16. It's the best film ...... has ever been made about madness.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
17. She cycled from London to Glasgow, .... is pretty good for a woman of 75.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
18. Most folk songs are ballads ...... have simple words and tell simple stories.
A. what B. when C. where D. that
19. ...... wins will go on to play Barcelona in the final.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Which D. Whichever
20. I think the reason ...... we get on so well is that we both enjoy talking.
ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 3
 A. why B. which C. that D. what
21. Children ... diets contain high levels of protein do better in examination.
A. who B. who C. whose D. Ø
22. I'm sure that Keith will do well at university, ...... one he goes to.
a. which b. whichever c. where d. wherever
23. William Samuel Johnson, ...... helped write the Constitution, became the first president of Columbia College
in 1787.
A. whom he had B. who had C. and he had D. had
24. I suddenly came ..... a very valuable book when we was in the bookshop.
A. up B. into C. across D. down
25. Prices are going ..... in a worry way.
A. up B. over C. away D. off
26. Does he tell you how he is getting ..... his new colleagues?
A. on with B. on of C. away with D. out of
27. I'd like to send this parcel express. What's the ..... on it?
A. cost B. price C. postage D. value
28. We ..... to several sports channels on television.
A. subscribe B. deliver C. offer D. notify
29. We offer a very ..... rate for parcels of under 15 kg.
A. competing B. competent C. competitive D. competition
30. If you want to send a document and do not want to lose, its original shape, our ..... service will help you.
A. express mail B. facsimile C. messenger call D. postal
31. ..... of all the staff, I would like to wish you a happy retirement.
A. On behalf B. In place C. Instead D. On account
32. ' ..... send this document to my office by fax?' 'Certainly.'
A. Would you like B. Would you mind C. Could you D. Why not
33. You ....., too hard lately. Take a short vacation.
A. worked B. work C. were working D. have been working
34. In geometry, a tangent is a straight line ..... a curve at only one point.
A. it touches B. whose touching C. its touching D. that touches
35. Ellen Swallow Richards became the first woman ....., graduate from, and teach at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.
A. to enter B. enter C. entered D. who enter
36. ..... finds the treasure is entitled to twenty five percent of it.
A. Who B. The people who C. Whoever D. Man who
37. The instrument panel of a light airplane has at least a dozen instruments .....
A. the pilot must watch B. what the pilot must watch
C. which the pilot must watch them D. such that the pilot must watch
38. Dr. Seuss, ..... was Theodor Seuss Geisel, wrote and illustrated delightfully humorous books for children.
A. his real name B. who had as his real name
C. with his real name D. whose real name
Exercise 3: ERROR IDENTIFICATION
39. Fred, (A)who usually conducts the (B)choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because he (C)had an
accident (D)on his way to the practice.
40. I think (A)whatever was responsible (B)for damaging the trees should (C)be fined or (D)sent to prison.
41. Now (A)that I no (B)longer have to wear uniform, (C)I'll be able to wear (D)which I want.

ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 4

42. (A)Ripe fruit is often (B)stored in a place (C)who contains much carbon dioxide so that the fruit will not
decay too (D)rapidly.
43. The town (A)we visited was a (B)four-days journey from our hotel, so we (C)took the train instead (D)of the
bus.
Exercise 4: VOCABULARY
44. You can subscribe to your favorite newspapers and magazines ...... the nearest post office. .
A. in B. on C. from D. at
45. He is very capable ...... learning and understanding things.
A. with B. of C. at D. about
46. Thanh Ba Post Office provides customers ...... the Messenger Call Services.
A. with B. for C. of D. to
47. The post office offers the ...... Mail Service which is particularly fast.
A. Secure B. Efficient C. Express D. Reliable
48. We are proud of our ...... staff, who are always friendly and efficient.
A. well-done B. well-appointed C. well-behaved D. well-trained
49. The hotel staff are always friendly and courteous.
A. efficient B. polite C. helpful D. perfect
50. There was no mention of the incident in the national press.
A. television B. newspapers C. Internet D. radio
51. I need to ...... £1,000 to my daughter's account.
A. transfer B. transform C. transmit D. transact
52. ...... to the magazine can take advantage of this special offer.
A. Subscribe B. Subscription C. Subscribing D. Subscribers
Exercise 5: WRITING
53. If he had hurried, he would have caught the train.
A. He had to catch the train, so he was in a hurry.
B. He missed the train because he didn't hurry.
C. He doesn't hurry, so he won't catch the train.
D. The train was delayed, so he wouldn't have to hurry.
54. 'Sorry madam, looking after the garden is not my duty.'
A. He apologized for not looking after the garden.
B. He promised to look after the garden. .
C. He said that he was not responsible for looking after the garden.
D. He asked me if looking after the garden was his duty.
55. Although she has less teaching experience than the other staff member, she is one of the best teachers.
A. She is one of the best teachers because she has taught longer.
B. Other members of the staff teach less than she does.
C. She has the best experience of all the teachers on the staff.
D. She is one of the best teachers in spite of her having less experience.
56. It's thought that the accident was caused by human error.
A. The accident took place because of thoughtlessness.
B. Humans' thoughtlessness caused the accident.
C. The accident is thought to have been caused by human error.
D. The accident is thought to cause human error.
57. Scientists say forests are being destroyed by air pollution.
A. Scientists blame air pollution for the destruction of forests.

ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 5

 B. Scientists are blamed for destroying forests.
C. Forests are being destroyed by scientists.
D. Forests account for air pollution. ,.
Exercise 6: Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition.
58. We take great pride ………………… offering the best service in town.
59. This post office is equipped ………………… advanced technology ………………… transaction.
60. What is the Messenger Call Service used …………………?
61. Let us take care ………………… your postal and telecommunication needs for now and ever.
62. We subscribe ………………… all the main medical journals.
63. This computer isn't capable ………………… running this software.
64. She seemed satisfied ………………… the results.
65. She was fiercely proud ………………… family traditions and continuity.
66. I was useful ………………… them because I could speak French.
67. I am living away ………………… my family and my relatives.

Exercise 7: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
68. I live in the town not far from the capital.
The town .............................................................................................................................................
69. Nobody does it better than you.
There isn't ...........................................................................................................................................
70. He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.
No sooner ...........................................................................................................................................
71. That question cannot be answered satisfactorily.
There is ..............................................................................................................................................
72. It's a pity it's too late to do anything about it.
I wish ..................................................................................................................................................
73. She was so good to me and I'll always remember it.
I'll always remember ...........................................................................................................................

ENGLISH 9 RELATIVE CLAUSES 6