LEXICO-GRAMMAR

I. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. A special feature of the room is the huge picture window which ____a splendid view of the Quantock hill.
A. allows B. affords C. enables D. presents
2. ____ is that a chicken stands up to lay its eggs.
A. Many people don’t realize C. What many people don’t realize
B. It is that many people don’t realize D. Because many people don’ realize
3. The factory is said _______ in a fire two years ago.
A. being destroyed B. to destroy
C. to have destroyed D. to have been destroyed
4. I haven’t had an accident yet, but I’ve had a number of_________ shaves.
A. narrow B. near C. close D. tiny
5. After he was knocked out, it took a long time to____
A. bring him round B. fit him in C. keep him in D. let him off
6. I’ll let you have it back next Monday without____
A. doubt B. miss C. fail D. neglect
7. A competitor may submit any number of entries_______ each one is accompanied by a packet top.
A. supposing B. notwithstanding C. assuredly D. provided
8. There’s been an accident on the motorway, so there’s a big ____
A. hold-on B. hold-up C. uphold D. hold-off
9. As he made no ______ to our quarrel, I assumed he had forgiven me.
A. statement B. mention C. reference D. comment
10. I'm __________ my brother is.
A. nowhere like so ambitious B. nothing near as ambitious as
C. nothing as ambitious than D. nowhere near as ambitious as
11. The new Garden City is well worth ______ if you are in the area.
A. being seen B. a visit C. to visit D. the sight
12. The spokesperson would not _______ any further on such a sensitive matter.
A. hint B. quote C. disclose D. elaborate
13. Jane has just bought ________.
A. an impressive reddish French wood coffee table.
B. a reddish impressive wood French coffee table.
C. an impressive French wood reddish coffee table.
D. an impressive wood French reddish coffee table.
14. Her outgoing character contrast__________with that of her sister.
A. thoroughly B. fully C. coolly D. sharply
15. Sometimes a book can change history. One book that certainly _____ Uncle Tom's Cabin, written by
Harriet Beeches Stow.
A. did was B. did that C. did it D. did were
16. I have never been windsurfing, but I'd love to have________ at it.
A. a trial B. a look C. a taste D. a go
17. Those campers are really ________. They have no idea how to set up a tent.
A. black B. blue C. white D. green
18. It took me 10 years to _________ enough money to travel around the country.
A. set out B. put away C. put by D. save aside
19. These women were appointed by the managers and are _____only to them.
A. dependable B. accountable C. privileged D. controlled
20. The treasury issued an order stating that _________land purchases from the government had to be paid
for in gold and silver.
A. henceforth B. moreover C. whereby D. however
II. Supply the correct form of the words in bracket. Write your answers in the space provided under
this passage. (10 pts)
For a period of its history, the city of Coventry had a consderable reputation as the main centre of
clock and watchmaking in Britain, and Coventry timepieces made then were (1) _________ (SYNONYM)
with both quality and (2) _________ (RELY). Few people in the city today will have heard of Samuel
Watson, but he almost (3) _________ (HAND) paved the way for Coventry's involvement in the clock and
watch business. He was at the (4) _________ (FRONT) of the watchmaking revolution in the 1680s, and
although it is not known how Watson became involved in the trade, he was a trailblazer for others.
Watson made his name in 1682 when he sold a clock to King Charles II and was invited to be the
King's (5) _________ (MATHEMATICS). The following year he began work on an astronomical clock for
the King, complete with planets and signs of the zodiac, which took seven years to build. It not only told the
time of day but also the (6) _________ (POSITION) changes of the planets. Queen Mary acquired it in
1691 and it is still in the (7) _________ (OWN) of the Royal Family. He built several other clocks, and by
1690 the clamour for Watson's clocks was such that he left Coventry and took up (8) _________ (RESIDE)
in London. He became Master of the London Clockmakers' Company in 1692, which is testament to his (9)
_________ (STAND) in the growing industry.
In 1712, Samuel Watson's name disappears from the records of the London Clockmakers' Company,
and the (10) _________ (LIKELY) is that he died in that year.

Write your answers here:

1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________

III. Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting.
1. Going from air condition room to a natural environment can cause respiratory illness.
A B C D
2. A basic knowledge of social studies, such as history and geography, are considered a basic part of the
A B C
education of every child.
D
3. One or the other of the secretaries have to attend the meeting. But both of them are reluctant to do so.
A B C D
4. Smoking has been made illegally in public places in some countries.
A B C D
5. Though tired, he continued to search for twenty minutes and realized that the notebook had been laying
A B C
on the table the entire time
D
6. That these students have improved their grades because of their participation in the test review class.
A B C D
7. Although both of them are trying to get the scholarship, she has the highest grades.
A B C D
8. Tea did not become popular in Europe until 17 century when it has been first imported to England.
th

A B C D
9. The writer was so successful in making the readers feeling the way her main character did.
A B C D
10. Anybody who plans to attend the meeting ought to send a note for the chairperson.
A B C D
IV. Use an expression with “above, over, under, below or beneath” to complete each sentence.
1. He’s too young to be allowed in this bar. He is ……………………………….
2. Nobody would ever suspect her. She’s………………………….
3. There’ll be no trouble about repairing the TV if it goes wrong. It’s……………….
4. Don’t let the children get too wild! Keep them……………………
5. He’s taller than most people. He’s of……………………
6. The main thing is, don’t hurt him. ………………….., keep him safe.
7. I’m afraid I can’t work for anyone else. You see, I’m…………….to my present employers for two years.
8. Someone who robs an old lady of all her savings is………………….and deserves to be punished.
9. The village is well………………..and at risk of being flooded if the sea wall is breached by a particular
high tide.
10. You’ll have to tell me the truth. Stop trying to pull the wool…………………!

V. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each sentence below.

1. All that was left for breakfast was some _____ and tea.
A. stale B. rotten C. sour D. rancid
2. The little girl fell down and _______ her knee.
A. skimmed B. grazed C. rubbed D. scrubbed
3. Five readers ______ the correct solution to our recent competition.
A. communicated B. qualified C. submitted D. subscribed
4. They are happily married although, of course they argue _______.
A. most times B. from day to day
C. every now and then D. on the occasion
5. During the evening football match, the stadium was illuminated by ______.
A. spotlights B. flashlights C. highlights D. floodlights
6. Whenever we plan to go for a picnic, it ________ rains.
A. continuously B. invariably C. unavoidably D. interminably
7. The students visited the museum and spent several hours with the ________, who was very helpful.
A. commissioner B. bursar C. steward D. curator
8. There has been a great deal of ________ in the press about the results of the murder trial.
A. speculation B. prediction C. contemplator D. sensation
9. If you want a flat in the centre of the city, you have to pay through the ______ for it.
A. teeth B. back of your head C. nose D. arm
10. I didn’t suspect anything at first, but when I noticed her going through the office drawers, I began to
smell ________.
A. a rat B. a pig C. a thief D. a culprit
11. People who take on a second job inevitably _______ themselves to greater stress.
A. offer B. subject C. field D. place
12. His poor handling of the business _________on negligence.
A. bordered B. edged C. approached D. neared
13. She says that unfortunately, in the _______ circumstances, she cannot afford to help us.
A. ongoing B. contemporary C. actual D. present
14. It has been established _________ dispute that this disease can be cured.
A. past B. over C. beyond D. outside
15. Despite all the interruptions, he ________ with his work.
A. stuck at B. held on C. hung out D. pressed on
16. ________, the people who come to this club are in the twenties and thirties.
A. By and large B. Altogether C. To a degree D. Virtually
17. I’m ________ having to pay yet another visit to the dentist.
A. dreading B. frighten C. terrified D. afraid
18. Sally has an _____ command of the French language.
A. extreme B. utter C. outstanding D. intensive
19. We could have provided him with a detached house but he ________ asked for a small flat.
A. decidedly B. specifically C. strongly D. solely
20. He was blinded by the _________ of the approaching car’s headlights.
A. flare B. gleam C. glare D. glow

VI. Give the correct form of the word in CAPITAL to fill in the blank of each sentence. Write your
answers in the answer box below.
1. It is an ____ to say that a change of leader will solve all our problems. SIMPLE
2. My sister is the person who I always have sibling _____. RIVAL
3. Some people claim to be able to ________the future. TELL
4. It is astonishing that these criminals are free to walk on the streets with _____. PUNISH
5. They came to realize that their differences were __________ and decided to RECONCILE
separate.
6. Unicorns and dragons are just Asian ______ and legendary animals. IMAGINE
7. Burning coal is an ______way of heating a house. Gas is much cheaper. ECONOMY
8. The new BMV has a more powerful engine than its _______. PRECEDE
9. The company has a ________ obligation to give you sick leave. CONTRACT
10. Young children are very _________and shouldn’t be allowed to watch violent IMPRESS
movies.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
VII. The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify and correct the mistakes. Write your answers in
the answer box below. Line (0) has been done for you as an example.
Line THE EIGHTH WONDER OF THE WORLD
0 The Thames Barrier is a major part of the flood defending scheme for protecting
1 London against rise water levels. The defenses also include raised river embankments
2 and additional flood gates at strategic points, including the Barking Barrier. The
3 unique structure that are the Barrier spans the 520-metre wide Woolwich reach and
4 consist of 10 separate movable gates, each pivoting and supported between concrete
5 structures which house the operating machinery. When raising, the four main gates
6 each stands as tall as a five-storey building and as wide as the opening of Tower
7 Bridge. Each weights 3700 tonnes. During the first twelve years of operation, the
8 Barrier has closed twenty-nine times to protect London.
9  View the Barrier from the comfortable cafeteria. Picnic on the riverside
10 embankment. Enjoy beautiful views from the riverside walk. Visit the shop stocks a
11 large selection of souvenirs, books and Barrier information.
12  There is a children’s play area suitable for 4-to 12-year-olds, located adjacent near
13 the riverside walk. A visit to the spectacular Thames Barrier is a memorable
experience.
Your answers
e.g. Line 0: defending defence
Line Mistake Correction Line Mistake Correction
VIII: Fill in the gaps the most suitable particle or preposition to complete the sentences. Write your
answers in the answer box below.
1. People will be more likely listen to you if you tone ______ your language a little.
2. The students will receive the exams notification ______ due course.
3. I couldn’t hear what he said because he was muttering _______ his breath.
4. She wasn’t at all hungry, and could only toy_________ the food on her plate.
5. It was a tricky plan, but we pulled it____________.
6. Strawberries are only ________ season in May and June.
7. Young children are awkward ______ dancing as they can’t co-ordinate their movements well.
8. She tried not to yield ________ temptation and have another piece of cake.
9. I can vouch ________ Sandra’s integrity, so I recommend we include her in our discussions.
10. Mike is not really ________ tune with the rest of the group.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

IX. Choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) to each of the following questions and write your answers
in the correspondent numbered boxes.
1. At school he had a good academic record, and also __________ at sports.
A. prevailed B. excelled C. surpassed D. achieved
2. Christine’s face _______ up when she heard the good news.
A. showed B. cleaned C. warmed D. lit
3. I think Candy _______ the prize if she plays this well during the competition.
A. is in for winning B. may as well win C. is set for winning D. is bound to win
4. Mrs. Brown always ________ in a crowd because she wore large hats.
A. found against B. looked up C. stood out D. showed up
5. She ________ on the computer for more than two hours when she decided to stop for a rest.
A. has worked B. has been working
C. was working D. had been working
6. ______ lectures at your university?
A. Haven’t students got to attended B. Don’t students have to attend
C. Needn’t students have attended D. Mustn’t students to attend
7. To get a passport, you must send in your birth ________ and two photos.
A. certificate B. license C. paper D. card
8. Have you ever visited New York harbor _________ the famous Statue of Liberty stands?
A. on where B. that C. on that D. where
9. _________ smart he was, he couldn't figure out how to solve the puzzle.
A. Although B. However C. Much as D. Despite
10. Mary is so______ that people told her all their troubles.
A. dependent B. confidential C. permission D. sympathetic
11. It’s essential that every student ______ the exam before attending the course.
A. pass B. passes C. would pass D. passed
12. Ancient Egyptians mummified their dead through the use of chemicals, ________ancient Peruvians did
through natural processes.
A. because B. whereas C. even though D. whether or not
13. I wrote to them a fortnight ago but ______ I haven’t had a reply.
A. as yet B. these days C. so long D. just now
14. It’s not surprising that he became a writer because he always longed to see his name______.
A. in type B. in print C. in letters D. in edition
15. The prospects of picking up any survivors are now ______.
A. thin B. narrow C. slim D. restricted
16. Marge walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ______ something she would regret later.
A. will say B. might say C. said D. might have said
17. Rita's very________and easily gets upset when people criticize her.
A. sensitive B. level-headed C. sensible D. open-minded
18. "Fantastic sale. Everything must be sold _______of the price!"
A. regardless B. in vain C. despite D. without
1 9 . In bacteria and in other organisms, _______ _is the nucleic acid DNA that provides the genetic
information.
A. both B. and C. it D. which
20.________ I am aware, there were no problems during the first six months.
A. As far as B. So much as C. Much more than D. Except that

X. Fill each gap of the following sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets. Write your
answers in the correspondent numbered boxes.
1. Water _________are things such as detergents, pesticides, oil, and other chemicals. (POLLUTE)
2. There are so many swear words in this article that I think it’s________. (PRINT)
3. Under her fine editorship, ________ has increased by 100,000. (CIRCULATE)
4. Deaths caused by reckless driving are ________. (AVOID)
5. In electronics, we learn to repair______ appliances. (HOUSE)
6. A recent report has warned of global food _______ unless the current system of farming and food
distribution is changed. (SHORT)
7. Increasing world ______ will lead to the rise in demand for energy, food and fresh water.
(PROSPEROUS)
8. The spiral and the helix are everywhere, ______, curving shapes whose incredible regularity contrasts so
sharply with the random world around them. (GRACE)
9. Although a vast amount of information, imagery, and commentary has been made available, it is difficult
to determine the authenticity and______ of information contained in web pages. (RELY)
10. In many countries, mobile phones now ______ _land-line telephones, with most adult and many
children now owning mobile phones. (NUMBER)
Your answers
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

XI. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences with suitable particles or prepositions. Write the
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (0) has been done as an example.
0. Poachers aren’t being punished enough for their crimes; many are let _______ without charges.
1. She’s a nature enthusiast and she will certainly jump______ the opportunity of visiting Yellow Stone
National Park.
2. “Please go on talking while I’m jotting_______ my notes.” he said.
3. Unless your wife stops leading her extravagant lifestyle, you won’t get _______ on the poor salary you
obtain.
4. It's like banging your head _____ a brick wall.
5. This led _____ the criticism that the music they played was no longer relevant to today's South Africans.
6. I wish my friends would call me first before they drop______.
7. He came ______ a large sum of money when his uncle died.
8. You look tired. Are you ______ the weather?
9. The book abounds ______ close-up images from space.
10. A brief outline of the course were handed ______ to the students at the first meeting.

Your answers
0. off 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

XII. There is ONE mistake in each of the following sentences. Find out the mistake and correct it.
Write your answers in the correspondent numbered boxes. No. (0) has been done for you. (10pts)
0. Most people are afraid from sharks.
1. A dolphin locates underwater objects in its path by doing a series of clicking and whistling sounds.
2. The council said that they had no option apart to closing the sports center.
3. More than 600 million individual bacterium live on the skin of humans.
4. In several parts of Asia, there is still a strong market for traditional medicines making from these animal
parts.
5. If a species does not have the natural genetic protection against particular diseases, an introduced disease
can have severely effects on that species.
6. The number of the books in the library have risen to over five million.
7. I'm tired because I stayed up late to do all my homeworks last night.
8. Sliding across the snow at skis is one of the most ancient methods of transport known to man.
9. At a crime scene, the police will tell you to get back although they don’t want civilians to interfere with
the investigation.
10. At school I disliked the chemistry’s teacher because she was always picking on me.
Your answers
Mistake Correction Mistake Correction
0. from of
1. 6.
2.. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

XIII. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. It’s nearly impossible to ____________ up a meeting because people are all free at different times.
A. arrange B. make C. set D. take
2. It’s quite out of ____________ for Paul to behave so terribly.
A. temperament B. personality C. nature D. character
3. She doesn’t like to keep anything hidden: she always ____________ her mind.
A. talks B. speaks C. tells D. says
4. Despite all the evidence, he wouldn’t admit that he was in the ____________.
A. fault B. error C. wrong D. slip
5. It’s impossible to get ____________ of him! He’s never there!
A. feel B. contact C. hold D. touch
6. He ____________ this city down so much that I don’t know why he doesn’t leave.
A. holds B. pulls C. talks D. runs
7. I’m afraid Mr. Logan isn’t in the office today, but I can ____________ you through to his secretary.
A. put B. get C. switch D. run
8. He is held in high ____________ by everyone who works with him.
A. reputation B. respect C. regard D. renown
9. Sheila had butterflies in her ____________ before the interview.
A. face B. heart C. palms D. stomach
10. ____________ he caught his plane; he hasn’t phoned to say anything went wrong.
A. Presumably B. Supposedly C. Assuming D. Granted
11. He was ____________ more and more impatient as the time passed.
A. showing B. developing C. seeming D. growing
12. I thought I had made it ____________ that I didn’t wish to discuss this matter.
A. distinct B. plain C. frank D. straight
13. It really gets me ____________ having to work so much overtime.
A. down B. up C. on D. by
14. It was a bad mistake but it had no ____________ on the outcome of the match.
A. bearing B. relevance C. significance D. repercussion
15. We are looking for self-motivated people who can ____________ the initiative.
A. do B. take C. get D. make
16. We took such a great ____________ to the place that we decided to go and live there.
A. affection B. fondness C. liking D. attraction
17. A Personnel Manager has to be experienced ____________ dealing with people.
A. with B. for C. on D. in
18. She works very hard and finds it difficult to ____________ when she gets home.
A. give in B. switch off C. let out D. wind up
19. I was worried but their reassurances put my mind at ____________.
A. rest B. comfort C. calm D. relief
20. She is highly-skilled ____________ making high-quality furniture.
A. to B. for C. in D. on

XIV. The text below contains 10 mistakes. Underline the mistakes and write their correct forms in the
space provided in the column on the right. (0) has been done as an example. (5 marks)
Less than 40 years ago, tourism has been encouraged as an unquestionable good. 0. _________was________
With the arrival of pack holidays and charter flights, tourism could at last be 1. ____________________
enjoyable by the masses. Yet one day, it seemed feasible that there will be no more
tourists. There will be ‘adventurers’, ‘fieldwork assistants’, ‘volunteers’ and, of 2. ____________________
course, ‘travelers’. But the term ‘tourist’ will extinct. There might be those which 3. ____________________
quietly slip away to foreign lands for nothing other than pure 4. ____________________
pleasure, but it will be a secretive and frowned at activity. No one will want to own
5. ____________________
up to be one of those. In fact, there are already a few countries prohibiting tourists
against entering certain areas where the adversity effects of tourism have already 6. ____________________
struck. Tourists have charged with bringing nothing with them but their money and 7. ____________________
wreaking havoc with the local environment.
8. ____________________
9. ____________________
10. ____________________

XV. Fill in each space with one suitable preposition or particle. (5 marks)
1. I find it hard not to surrender _______________ the temptation of having a chocolate ice-cream whenever
I spend my time in the café.
2. My assistant will stand _______________ for me while I’m away.
3. After a three-month training period Celia gave up the nursing course ____________ the grounds of
having no vocation for this kind of work.
4. The carpet is designed to stand up _______________ a lot of wear and tear.
5. _______________ reference to the waste disposal, I’d like to suggest a less troublesome solution.
6. Real problems cropped _______________ when it became clear that my business partner had vanished
with all the money.
7. The bank owner has been _______________ conflict with the accountants since he decided to lower their
salaries.
8. The news about Sue’s pregnancy leaked _______________ quickly despite her effort to keep it secret.
9. Why is she so critical _______________ my pronunciation? Doesn’t she know I’m not a native speaker of
German?
10. He’s always running her _______________ in front of other people.
XVI. Fill in each space with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Rescuers made _______________ efforts to save the crew. (hero)
2. _______________ to animals is a punishable offence in many countries. (cruel)
3. I wonder which party is going to put forward Mr. Colton’s _______________ in the next election?
(candidate)
4. You must have forgotten to _______________ the iron before leaving the house and therefore the fire
broke out. (connect)
5. I insist Robert be replaced by a more gifted speaker. His poor pronunciation and his _______________
voice drive everybody crazy. (monotony)
6. It is _______________ to expect them to be able to solve the problem immediately. (real)
7. Vandalism used to be a rare _______________ here. (occur)
8. The brochure will be ready for _______________ in September. (publish)
9. Within the last few decades the computer has become the most _______________ piece of equipment in
the office. (dispense)
10. According to the cardiologists his heart defect is _______________, yet he may live with it until he is
hundred. (cure)
XVII. Read the text below and think of the word which fits each space. Use only one word in each
space. (10 marks)
Vitamins are good for our health, aren’t they? Perhaps not. New research suggests that rather than ward off
disease, high doses of certain vitamins may (1) _______________ more harm than good and could even put
you in an early grave. A variety of recent studies suggest that (2) _______________ from improving health,
these vitamins, when taken in very high doses, may actually increase the risks of cancer and a range of
debilitating diseases, a discovery that has sent the medical world into a spin. Scientists are unsure (3)
_______________ to why vitamins, so essential to health, can be toxic in high doses. The most likely
explanation is that the body is only equipped to deal with the levels found naturally in the environment. If
the intake is too far above the normal range, then the body’s internal chemistry can be shunted out of
alignment. (4) _______________ this means is that the commercially sold vitamins and (5)
_______________ provided by nature are not always compatible. The commercial forms may interfere with
the body’s internal chemistry by ‘crowding out’ the (6) _______________ natural and beneficial forms of
the nutrients. The vitamins obtained (7) _______________ food are also allied with a host of other
substances which may moderate (8) _______________ augment their activity in the body. The latest advice
(9) _______________ to eat a balanced diet to ensure you get all the nutrients you need, and if you must
take supplements make (10) _______________ you take the lowest recommended dose and follow the
instructions on the bottle.

WRITING
I. Rewrite each sentence so that it begins with the words and the meaning stays the same.
1. The direct aim of the statement is to make the public aware of the present situation.
 The statement boils………………………………………………………………….
2. It’s not our concern what they do after lessons.
 It’s of………………………………………………………………………………...
3. He was so disgusted at the way she behaved that he refused to speak to her.
 Such……………………………………………………………………………………
4. All the passengers of the jumbo jet were killed in the crash
→ None……………………………………………………………………………………
9. The trip is so amazing that we will never forget it.
 It is too…………………………………………………………………………………

II. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one, using the word given.
1. She was very relieved. She realized that her bag hadn’t been stolen. (breathed)
 ..................................................................................................................................
2. The effects of the gale were felt mainly along the south coast. (brunt)
 …………………………………..……………………………………………………
3. I almost won the lottery last week. (close)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Winning the prize has made him very conceited. (head)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. She was so beautiful that I couldn’t stop looking at her. (eyes)
…………………………………………………………………………………………

III. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence before it.
1. You think that fat people are always jolly, but you are wrong.
Contrary to___________________________________________________________
2. Absolute secrecy was crucial to the success of the mission.
Without _____________________________________________________________
3. He could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police.
Refusal _____________________________________________________________
4. My bank manager and I get on together very well. 
I am on______________________________________________________________
5. Something must be done quickly to solve the problem of homelessness.
Urgent action _________________________________________________________

IV. Rewrite these sentences using the words in CAPITAL. You must not change the given words.
1. My grandfather had completely forgotten that he phoned me last night. RECOLLECTION
My grandfather didn’t have _______________________________________
2. Students at the school are not allowed to go into the Rainbow Disco. BOUNDS
The Rainbow Disco _______________________________ at the school.
3. It will be necessary to wear safety gloves throughout this experiement. DURATION
Safety gloves _______________________________________ of this experiment.
4. While most writers earn only modest royalities, a lucky few create a betterseller. STRIKE
A few writers____________________________earning only modest royalties is the norm.
5. We must always bear in mind that many scientific breakthroughs are due to luck. SIGHT
We must not ________________________________ plays a large part in many scientific
breakthroughs.

V. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the sentence before it.
1. The telephone rang right after he had left the room.
→ Hardly……………………………………………………………………………..
2. But for his contributions, the project wouldn’t have been completed successfully.
→ If it ………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Mark is a passionate skier and he also takes part in skateboarding tournaments.
→ Apart from………………………………………………………………………...
4. You are allowed to play in my garden if you promise not to do anything wrong.
→ So long …………………………………………………………………………...
5. The journalists only heard about the changes to the wedding plans when they arrived at the venue.
→ It was only ………………………………………………………………………………………….
VI. For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the
original one, using the word given. DO NOT CHANGE the word given.
1. Tim looks nothing like his father. (TAKE)
→Tim……………………………………………………………………………….his father.
2. There's no point asking Lynda to help as she's really busy. (WASTE)
→It's……………………………………………… asking Lynda to help as she's really busy.
3. I'm sure it was Anna I saw in town as I recognized her coat. (MUST)
→It ………………………………………………Anna I saw in town as I recognized her coat.
4. He made unsuccessful attempt to buy the company. (WITHOUT)
→ He…………………………………………………………………………………..success.
5. I'd be grateful if you would check these accounts for me. (MIND)
→ Would……………………………………………………………………………….for me?

VII. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to
the sentence printed before it.
1. Anna failed to understand how serious her illness was until she spoke to the doctor.
Not until _____________________________________________________
2. I do like carrots, but I don’t want to eat them every day.
Much as _____________________________________________________
3. I had only just watered the garden when it began to rain.
Hardly _____________________________________________________
4. I would prefer you to pay in cash.
I’d rather _____________________________________________________
5. All the children will receive a prize, whatever their score in the competition.
No matter _____________________________________________________

VIII. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including
the word given.
1. I said that I thought he was wrong about the best way for us to proceed. (issue)
I ___________________________________________ best we should proceed.
2. He didn’t want to get into a position where he might lose all his money. (possibility)
He didn’t want to expose _______________________________________________ all his money.
3. Her work didn’t meet the standards that were considered acceptable. (conform)
Her work ___________________________________________ acceptable standards.
4. He had no idea what was going to happen to him when he walked into that room. (store)
Little ______________________________________________ him when he walked into that room.
5. He became famous but it cost him his privacy. (expense)
His rise _________________________________________________ of his privacy.
IX. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence
printed before it.
1. I regret not studying harder in the final week.
–> If only ___________________________________________________________.
2. But for his help, we would not have been successful.
-> Had it____________________________________________________________.
3.The damage was so great that it would cost millions of dollars to repair.
–> Such ____________________________________________________________.
4. He suddenly thought that he might have misunderstood her.
–> It crossed ________________________________________________________.
5.The boy was about to cry when he was reprimanded by his mother.
→ The boy was on ____________________________________________________.

X. Use the word(s) given in brackets and make any necessary additions to complete a new sentence in
such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do not change the form
of the given word(s).
1. I did not know it was Mike until he took off his hat. (WHEN)
 ____________________________________________________________________
2. “You really must stay for dessert”, Mary’s brother said to him. (STAYING)
 ____________________________________________________________________
3. I do not mind at all if you film my wedding speech.(OBJECTION)
 ____________________________________________________________________
4. Please don’t tell anyone about this for the time being. (SOONER)
 ____________________________________________________________________
5. Digging the garden always makes me hungry. (GIVES)
 ____________________________________________________________________