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Mathematics Formula Booklet - Gyaan Sutra Straight Line: D (X-X) (Y-Y)

This document provides formulas and concepts related to straight lines in mathematics: 1. It defines formulas for distance between two points, the equation of a line given two points, and the coordinates of a triangle's centroid, incentre, and excentre. 2. Formulas are also given for the area of a triangle, slope of a line, collinearity of three points, and the angle between two lines. 3. Additional concepts covered include properties of two lines being parallel or perpendicular, the distance from a point to a line, and conditions for concurrency of three lines.

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2K views2 pages

Mathematics Formula Booklet - Gyaan Sutra Straight Line: D (X-X) (Y-Y)

This document provides formulas and concepts related to straight lines in mathematics: 1. It defines formulas for distance between two points, the equation of a line given two points, and the coordinates of a triangle's centroid, incentre, and excentre. 2. Formulas are also given for the area of a triangle, slope of a line, collinearity of three points, and the angle between two lines. 3. Additional concepts covered include properties of two lines being parallel or perpendicular, the distance from a point to a line, and conditions for concurrency of three lines.

Uploaded by

harshanandini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

FORMULA BOOKLET - GYAAN SUTRA


STRAIGHT LINE
1. Distance Formula:

d  (x1 – x2 )2  (y1 – y2 )2 .
2. Section Formula :
mx 2  nx1 my 2  ny1
x= ;y= .
mn mn
3. Centroid, Incentre & Excentre:

 x1  x 2  x 3 y1  y 2  y 3 
Centroid G  , ,
 3 3 

 ax1 bx 2  cx 3 ay1 by 2  cy 3 
Incentre I  , 
 abc a  b c 

  ax1  bx 2  cx 3  ay1  by 2  cy 3 
Excentre I1  , 
 abc abc 
4. Area of a Triangle:
x1 y1 1
1
 ABC = 2 x 2 y2 1
x3 y3 1
5. Slope Formula:
y1  y 2
Line Joining two points (x1 y1) & (x2 y2), m =
x1  x 2
6. Condition of collinearity of three points:
x1 y1 1
x2 y2 1 = 0
x3 y3 1
7. Angle between two straight lines :
m1  m 2
tan  = .
1  m1m 2
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8. Two Lines :
ax + by + c = 0 and ax + b y + c  = 0 two lines

a b c
1. parallel if =  .
a b c

c 1 c 2
2. Distance between two parallel lines = .
a 2 b 2
3 Perpendicular : If aa + bb  = 0.
9. A point and line:

a x1  b y 1  c
1. Distance between point and line = .
a 2  b2
2. Reflection of a point about a line:

xx1 yy1 ax 1  by 1  c
 2
a b a 2 b 2
3. Foot of the perpendicular from a point on the line is
x  x1 y  y1 ax 1by1 c
  
a b a 2 b 2
10. Bisectors of the angles between two lines:
ax  by  c ax  by  c 
=±
2 2
a b a 2  b2
11. Condition of Concurrency :

a1 b1 c1
of three straight lines ai x+ b i y + c i = 0, i = 1,2,3 is a 2 b2 c 2 = 0.
a3 b3 c3
12. A Pair of straight lines through origin:
ax² + 2hxy + by² = 0
If  is the acute angle between the pair of straight lines, then tan 

2 h 2  ab
= .
ab

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