Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE I PANGASINAN

GRADE 7
ENGLISH

ANALOGY

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 MESSAGE TO THE LEARNER

Good day! This module is wholeheartedly designed and crafted for you, our dear Grade 7
learners.

This module presents a systematic approach to learning English with the goal of achieving
and mastering the competencies specified under the Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs).

You are expected to accomplish all the activities by yourself. However, if you need
assistance, feel free to ask your English teacher or your guardian at home.

Specifically, this will help you understand analogy or the relationships of the words to
improve your critical thinking skill.

Read the module carefully and answer the activities. Have fun learning English!

OBJECTIVES

Analogy is a powerful tool that challenges and encourages you to think critically.
It is a strong device used to show connections and comparisons between unlike things that
highlight how they are alike (Barbacena, 2010).
Oral language development lays the foundation for skills in reading and writing. These
skills will be developed later as you progress through school. A solid foundation in oral language
will help you become a successful reader and strong communicator. It also boosts your confidence
and overall sense of well-being.
After working on this module, you will be able to:

● supply appropriate terms to complete an analogous series of words or

expressions (EN7V-IV-c-23.1)

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Specifically, you will be able to:

1. define analogy;
2. determine the relationship of a given set of words in analogy; and
4. supply terms to complete an analogous series of words based on analogous pairs

PRE-TEST

Before starting with this module, let us see what you already know about analogy. Answer
the questions below.

Directions: Read the statements carefully then, write the letter of your choice
in your English notebook.

I. Analogy in sentence form: Choose the word that best completes each analogy.

1. Chirp is to bird as meow is to ________.

A. cow B. cat C. pig
2. Mango is to green as banana is to ______ .
A. blue B. yellow C. red
3. Ear is to hear as tongue is to ______.
A. sight B. smell C. taste
4. Guava is a fruit as rose is to _______.
A. flower B. spicy C. vegetable
5. School is to students as hospital is to _______.
A. patients B. priest C. vendors

II. Analogous Pair: Choose the correct word to complete the idea.

6. woman : lady :: smart : ______

A. lazy B. intelligent C. industrious
7. hot : oven :: cold : ______
A. karaoke B. refrigerator C. TV
8. winter : cold :: summer : ______
A. cry B. sad C. hot
9. screen : ______ :: lens : camera
A. computer B. cord C. keyboard
10. nose: face :: hand : ____
A. arm B. bracelet C. hand

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 LESSON 1: Analogy to Show Relationships of Words

I. LEARNING SOMETHING NEW!

Activity 1: Think About It!

Directions: Show relationships by answering the questions below.

Rabbit is to hop as fish is to __________.

1.
Question: How does fish move?

Cat is to fur as bird is to__________.

2.
Question: What is the body covering of a bird?

Elephant is to large as mouse is to________.

3.
Question: What is the size of the mouse?

Milk is to glass as soup is to__________.

4. Question: What do you use to get soup?

Tomato is to red as cabbage is to _______.

5. Question: What is the color of the cabbage?

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 II. LEARNING TOGETHER!

This is good to know . . .

Analogy is a pair of terms that have a common relationship. In most cases, you will not only
determine the common relationship between each pair but you will also have to identify which
term makes up each pair. Usually, you are given two terms in the format A : B, which could be
read as A related to B(Barbacena, et. al., 2010).

Example:

(A) : (B)
kitchen : house - Kitchen and House are related since kitchen

is part of the house.

Writers use analogy to connect unfamiliar words or new ideas with common and
familiar objects. It functions as a description or explanation of one thing by examining its
similarities and differences and forces the reader to understand the connection between them.
Using this technique, vocabulary skills as well as speed in reading comprehension are
enhanced.

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 Types of Relationships in Analogy

There are seven common types of relationships in analogy.

1. Part to Whole
A relationship in analogy in which one term is part of the other term.
Example:
eyes : face (The eyes are part of the face.)
2. Cause and Effect
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the result of the other term.
Example:
she wanted to buy a dress : she went to the mall
(She wanted to buy a dress so she went to the mall.)
3. Person to Situation
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the work place of the other.
Example:
saleslady : mall (A saleslady works in a mall.)
4. Synonym
A relationship in analogy in which both terms have the same meaning.
Example:
little : small (Both terms mean the same.)
5. Antonym
A relationship in analogy in which the terms are opposite in meaning.
Example:
elegant : unattractive (The words have opposite meaning.)
6. Geography
A relationship in analogy in which one of the terms can be situated in the other.
Example:
shopping mall : city (Shopping mall is found in the city.)
7. Time
A relationship in analogy in which both terms speak of time element.
Example: morning: evening (Both indicate time.)

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 III. LET’S DO IT!
Now that you know the types of relationships in analogy, try to answer these.
Activity I: Operation Relate!
Directions: Determine the type of relationship expressed in the pair of words given.
Choose your answer from the box. Write your answer on the blank.

Part to Whole Person to Situation Antonym

Synonym Geography Time Cause and Effect

1. incinerate: burn::work: labor

Relationship: _________________
2. toe: foot::finger: hand
Relationship: __________________
3. year : month :: week : day
Relationship: __________________
4. pilot : airplane :: priest : church
Relationship: __________________
5. tired : sleep :: hungry : eat
Relationship: _________________
II. Directions: Complete the pair based on the type of relationship given. Encircle the letter of
your answer.

1. Part to Whole
branch : _____ (A. forest B. root C. tree )

2. Person to Situation
Nuns: _____ (A. barracks B. gasoline station C. monastery)

3. Time
Christmas: ____ (A. February B. December C. March)

4. Synonym
smile: ____ (A. joyful B. sad C. worried)

5. Geography
Bangus : ____ (A. Baguio B. Cebu C. Dagupan)

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III. Directions: Complete the analogy by providing the correct pair of word from the choices
given. Encircle the letter of your answer.

1. sheet : pad :: acacia : ____

A. flower B. shrub C. tree
2. world: earth:: instructor:_________
A. teacher B. engineer C. architect
3. up: down:: hot: ______
A. lukewarm B. wet C. cold
4. Philippines : Asia :: Spain : ____
A. America B. Australia C. Europe
5. plus : add :: minus : ____
A. divide B. multiply C. subtract

IV. WRAP IT UP!

Analogy is a pair of terms that has common relationship.

The seven common types of relationships in analogy are the following:
1. Part to Whole
A relationship in analogy in which one term is part of the other term.
2. Cause and Effect
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the result of the other term.
3. Person to Situation
A relationship in analogy in which one term is the work place of the other.
4. Synonym
A relationship in analogy in which both terms have the same meaning.
5. Antonym
A relationship in analogy in which the terms are opposite in meaning.
6. Geography
A relationship in analogy in which one of the terms can be situated in the other.
7. Time
A relationship in analogy in which both terms speak of time element.

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 V. CHALLENGE YOURSELF!

You are almost there! Let us check what you have learned about this topic. Answer
the questions given below by writing the letter of your answer on your English notebook.

I. Directions: Complete the analogy of the given pair of words.

1. Boracay : Aklan :: _______ : Albay

A. Mt. Hibok-Hibok B. Mt. Kanlaon C. Mt. Mayon
2. road : ______ :: net : court
A. bar B. highway C. radar
3. tornado : destruction :: cut : _______
A. bleed B. wound C. scar
4. second : minute :: _____ :: day
A. hour B. month C. week
5. black: white::out:____
A. in B. under C. over

II. Directions: Look for the pair which expresses the same relationship as the given pair.
Choose your answer from the pairs given. Write your answer in your English notebook.

6. big : huge :: ___ : ___

A. fat : slim B. pleasant : attractive C. tidy : dirty
7. nurse : hospital :: ____ :: ____
A. Cebu : Sinulog B. farmer : plow C. judge : courtroom
8. day : night :: ____ : ____
A. kitchen : knife B. month : year C. thirsty : drink
9. gift: joy:: ______:______
A. tears:sadness B.black:white C. wise: smart
10. author: write:: ________:_______
A. chef: cook B. fast: slow C. toes: foot

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 VI. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED!

Directions: Fill out this Reflective Activity Sheet. Be truthful in answering this activity sheet.
Have fun! ☺
A. Check (√) the appropriate column that is true about analogy.
Statement Yes No
1. Analogy is a pair of terms that has common
relationship.

2. Synonyms and antonyms are types of analogies.

3. Analogy makes understanding the relationship of

words more difficult.

4. Analogy improves my vocabulary, thus, sharpens

my reading and writing skills.

5. Analogy solely focuses on similarities of words.

B. In your own words, what does analogy mean? Share your learning on analogy by writing
your definition and examples of analogy. Write your answer inside the box below.

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 Post Test

I. Directions: Supply the word that completes each analogy.

Types of Analogies

Part to whole 1.battery:flashlight::hard drive: ___________

Cause and Effect 2. fatigue: yawning:: itching: _____________

Person to Situation 3. mother: home:: teacher:________________

Synonym 4.obese:fat::slender:_____________

Antonym 5. poverty: wealth:: sickness:____________

Geography 6. Philippines: Manila::Pangasinan:__________

Time 7.century:hundred::millennium:_______________

II. Directions: Determine the type of analogy expressed in the pair of words given.

8. careless: accident:: careful: safety.

Type of Analogy: _________________
9. fin: fish::wing: bird
Type of Analogy: _________________
10. white: black::up: down
Type of Analogy: _________________
11. chef: food::sculptor: stone
Type of Analogy: _________________
12. Japan: Yen:: Philippines:Peso
Type of Analogy: _________________
13.start:begin::pretty: lovely
Type of Analogy: _________________
14. older: younger::last: first
Type of Analogy: _________________
15. leaf: tree::petal: flower
Type of Analogy: _________________

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Pre test Lesson 1 II. Let’s Do It! V. Challenge Yourself Post Test
I. Activity 1 Activity 1: I. I.
1.b Think Operation Relate! 1. c 1. computer
About It! I. 2. scratching
2. b
2.b 1. swim 1. synonyms 3. school
3. a
3.c 2. feathers 2. part to whole 4.thin
4.a 3.small 4. a
3. time 5. health
5.a 4.bowl 4. person to situation 5. a 6. Lingayen
II. 5. green 5. cause & effect II. 7. thousand
6.b II. 6. b II.
7.b 1. c 7. c 8. cause & effect
8.c 2. c 8. b 9. part to whole
9.a 3. b 10.antonym
9. a
10.a 4. a 11.person to situation
10.a
5. c 12.geography
III. 13.synonym
1. c 14.antonym
2. a Your 15.part to whole
3.c
4.c
5.c
ANSWER KEY
 REFERENCES/SOURCES

Barbacena, Gabuyo, Gonzales, Mayor, Padua, Quinto and Tipan. LET

Reviewer: Perceiving Verbal Relationship. Manila: MET Review Center, 2010.

https://www.google.com/search?q=antonym+analogy+examples&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi4_-
j3i4bsAhW_xIsBHQZWDqIQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=antonym+analogy+examples&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECCMQJzIICAAQBxAFEB46BggAEA
cQHlCG-BNY1YgUYKucFGgAcAB4AIAB6wGIAa0IkgEFMC43LjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mt, September 26,
2020

https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1IKa4oTgbZpmoL_UW10JnS8Vu5qeClhcT?fbclid=IwAR25tnT
3jrxo9iCd3svlY7iWXlqJ5N49q7Ke_E888OehLnxoB4-XHQ79O3A, September 26, 2020

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=l7fneyRnrlM, September 26, 2020

https://www.slideshare.net/wmcduff/analogies-1707783, September 26, 2020

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Self-Learning Module in English 7

Quarter 1 – Week 1: Analogy

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)
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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Pangasinan I

Development Team of the Module

Author/Layout Artist: ANNALIZA F. AGUILA, EdD
Master Teacher I
Editors: DAISY MENDOZA-BARONGAN, EdD
Master Teacher II
MARIA SELMA S. SOLIS
Head Teacher VI
Reviewer: MAGDALENA C. MANAOAT, PhD
Principal IV
Management Team
Chairperson: SHEILA MARIE A. PRIMICIAS, CESO VI
OIC- Schools Division Superintendent
Co-chairperson: ELY S. UBALDO, EdD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
MARCIANO U. SORIANO, JR., EdD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
CARMINA C. GUTIERREZ, EdD
CID Chief
Members: RUSTICO P. ABALOS, EdD
EPS-LRMDS
MARILOU D. ROLDAN, PhD
EPS – English

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