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    Disaster Post Impact

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    Ryll Dela Cruz
    1. Psychological First Aid is a supportive intervention for people exposed to distressing events to reduce distress and promote adaptive functioning. 2. It involves assessing needs, ensuring safety and comfort, stabilizing emotions, providing practical assistance and information, and connecting to social supports and additional services as needed. 3. Psychological First Aid aims to help survivors mobilize their own coping abilities and resources to recover by responding to basic needs, showing care and concern, and respecting their wishes and capabilities.

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    Disaster Post Impact

    Uploaded by

    Ryll Dela Cruz
    23 views51 pages
    1. Psychological First Aid is a supportive intervention for people exposed to distressing events to reduce distress and promote adaptive functioning. 2. It involves assessing needs, ensuring safety and comfort, stabilizing emotions, providing practical assistance and information, and connecting to social supports and additional services as needed. 3. Psychological First Aid aims to help survivors mobilize their own coping abilities and resources to recover by responding to basic needs, showing care and concern, and respecting their wishes and capabilities.

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    Disaster Post Impact (1)

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    1. Psychological First Aid is a supportive intervention for people exposed to distressing events to reduce distress and promote adaptive functioning. 2. It involves assessing needs, ensuring safety and comfort, stabilizing emotions, providing practical assistance and information, and connecting to social supports and additional services as needed. 3. Psychological First Aid aims to help survivors mobilize their own coping abilities and resources to recover by responding to basic needs, showing care and concern, and respecting their wishes and capabilities.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views51 pages

    Disaster Post Impact

    Uploaded by

    Ryll Dela Cruz
    1. Psychological First Aid is a supportive intervention for people exposed to distressing events to reduce distress and promote adaptive functioning. 2. It involves assessing needs, ensuring safety and comfort, stabilizing emotions, providing practical assistance and information, and connecting to social supports and additional services as needed. 3. Psychological First Aid aims to help survivors mobilize their own coping abilities and resources to recover by responding to basic needs, showing care and concern, and respecting their wishes and capabilities.

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    POST IMPACT

    Recovery , Reconstruction,
    Rehabilitation
    Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and sustainable
    Recovery refer to
    -measures that help restore the livelihoods, assets
    and production levels of emergency-affected
    communities.

    -These measures rebuild essential infrastructure,


    institutions, services and restore the means of
    production destroyed or made non-operational by a
    disaster.
    ROLE????
    3 weeks

    3days to
    week

    24 hours
    Definition
    • Psychological First Aid – is simply a “first-aid”
    response aimed to *stabilize, *reduce symptoms
    and *return the survivor to functional capacity in
    the aftermath of a critical incident.
    • Practical assistance for basic human comfort and
    compassion

    It refers to any effort that reduces the victims’ feeling of


    helplessness and promotes their sense of control
    What is Emotional First Aid (EFA)?

    "Emotional First Aid is the initial response given


    to a person experiencing emotional distress
    before specific professional help is sought and
    obtained."
    critical incidents such as :

     Mass disasters : natural & human-induced


     Multiple injuries/fatalities
     Death or injury to a child
     Serious injury or line of duty death
     Excessive media attention
     Outsiders or family members interfering with
    operations
     Any incident grotesque by sight, smell or other
    circumstance likely to produce an emotional
    (memory) input
    WHO is PFA for?

    PFA is intended for PEOPLE EXPOSED


    TO DISASTER (children, adults, first
    responders, disaster relief workers)
    WHO delivers PFA?

    •Mental Health Workers

    •Other disaster response workers


    WHEN should PFA be used?

    IMMEDIATE
    aftermath of the disaster/ critical
    event
    WHERE should PFA be used?

    Shelters, hospitals, medical triage areas,


    acute care facilities, feeding locations,
    family reception & assistance centers,
    home, business & community settings,
    crisis hotlines
    • PFA aims to help persons to mobilize their
    own abilities and resources to RECOVER &
    REBUILD by responding to basic needs,
    showing concern & care, and respecting the
    wishes & capabilities of the person.

    • PFA aims to offer both safe & effective help for


    persons after a critical event.
    3 Goals of Providing PFA
    1. Relieve both emotional & physical suffering
    2. Improve people’s short term functioning
    3. Accelerate the individual’s course of
    recovery
    ELEMENTS OF PFA
    • Feeling safe, calm & hopeful and connected to
    others
    • Having access to social, physical & emotional
    support
    • Being ABLE TO HELP THEMSELVES as
    individuals & communities
    HOW PFA IS OFFERED?
    • By your presence
    • Your willingness to listen
    • Providing practical things & information the
    person may need right in that moment
    • Connecting them with services & people that
    can assist them as they recover in the long
    term
    How to Approach PFA responsibly?
    • YOU CAN BEST HELP IF YOU ARE:
    – CALM
    – FOCUSED
    – PREPARED
    DO NO HARM;
    - respect the person
    - Protect the person from harm
    - Act only in the BEST INTEREST of the person
    Considerations in
    PROVIDING PFA
    • Do no HARM

    • SAFETY of yourself & others

    • ETHICAL principles
    ATTRIBUTES OF A
    GOOD HELPER
    • Personal readiness to help in crisis
    • Ability to stay CALM & FOCUSED
    • Ability to learn the basic principles & DO’S &
    DON’Ts
    • Warmth & empathy with others
    Roles of a Psychological First Aider
    • Provide social support
    • Educate about normal & abnormal stress
    reactions
    • Teach stress management techniques
    • Mobilize community resources
    • PROMOTE positive emotional health
    • Provide SUPPORT & REASSURANCE
    Roles of a Psychological First Aider

    • AID in ACCESSING appropriate services


    • Undertake RISK ASSESSMENT to help PREVENT
    HARM to SELF or TO/FROM
    OTHERS
    • Create a PARTNERSHIP and help find
    SOLUTIONS,
    (getting through this together)

    • Assist in EARLY DETECTION & INTERVENTION


    Basic Needs What needs do they request?
    Don’t over look the need of vulnerable/marginalized people
    Follow up if you promise to do sot
    Cope with Help the prioritize URGENT needs
    Problems Help them identify supports in their life
    Give practical suggestions, how they can meet their needs
    Give Find accurate information before helping
    information Say ONLY what you know, don’t make up information
    Keep message short and simple
    Keep updated
    Social Keep families together, bring them together
    support Make sure people know about how to access services
    Religious support
    WHEN IS PFA EFFECTIVE?
    • It is COMFORTING to someone in distress
    • It is PRACTICAL SUPPORT – helping people w/
    basic needs
    • It is TAILORED to the NEEDS & CONCERNS of
    the affected persons & the situation
    WHEN IS PFA EFFECTIVE?
    • It is IMMEDIATE & Intended to help those who
    recently experienced a very distressing event
    • It is CONNECTED to other supports (services &
    people) who can help in the long term
    Delivering PFA
    • Professional Behavior:
    – Operate only within the framework of an
    authorized disaster response system.
    – Model healthy responses: calm, courteous, organized, helpful
    – Be visible & available
    – Maintain confidentiality
    – Remain within the scope of your expertise &
    designated role
    Delivering PFA
    • Professional Behavior:

    – Make appropriate REFERRALS


    – Be knowledgeable & sensitive (Culture & diversity)
    – Pay attention to your own emotional & physical
    reactions.
    – Practice SELF-CARE
    Delivering PFA

    • Do not make assumptions (about what the survivors are


    experiencing or what they have gone through)
    • Do not assume that everyone exposed to a disaster
    will be traumatized.
    • Do not pathologize (do not label “reactions” as “symptoms”
    • Do not talk down to or patronize the survivor, or
    focus on his helplessness/weaknesses, mistakes,
    disability. FOCUS on what he has done EFFECTIVELY
    to help others
    Delivering PFA

    • Do not assume that all survivors want to talk


    or need to talk to you. (Being physically present in a
    supportive, calm way helps survivors feel safer & more able to cope)

    • Do not “debrief” by asking details of what


    happened.
    • Do not speculate or offer possibly inaccurate
    information. Know the facts before answering their questions.
    PFA Core Actions
    1. Contact & Engagement – initiate non-intrusive,
    compassionate & helpful manner
    2. Safety & Comfort – enhance ongoing safety, provide
    physical & emotional comfort
    3. Stabilization – calm & orient emotionally overwhelmed
    / disoriented survivors
    4. Information Gathering – identify immediate needs
    & concerns – tailor PFA interventions
    PFA Core Actions
    5. Practical Assistance - identify/ clarify the need,
    discuss action plan, act to address the need
    6. Connection w/ social supports – enhance access,
    encourage use, discuss support-seeking & giving, modeling
    support
    7. Information of Coping – give basic info about stress
    rxns, teach relaxation techniques, address (-) emotions
    8. Linkage w/ collaborative Services – provide link
    to add’l. services, promote continuity of care
    ANOTHER PRESENTATION OF
    PFA ACTION PRINCIPLES

    A = ASSESS
    B = BE
    C = COMFORT/COPING
    D = DO
    E = END/ EXIT STRATEGY
    Basic Action Explanation
    Principles
    A = Assess Know the situation so you will know what to do!
    Assess for: Safety, obvious urgent physical needs, persons w/
    serious reactions,
    Ask for: Person’s NEEDS & CONCERNS
    B = Be Know yourself well, so you can…
    BE attentive, BE respectful, BE aware

    C = Comfort/ Coping Give COMFORT & help people begin using their own COPING resources
    COMFORT thru your presence, thru good COMMUNICATION & helping
    people to COPE

    D = Do Act to help persons with their basic practical needs.


    Do address practical needs, Do help problem solve, Do link people w/
    loved ones & other supports
    E = End/ Exit Leave persons w/ connections to supports, & take time for your own
    Strategy self-care
    End your assistance – refer to other supports
    End for yourself – take time for self-care.
    When To Refer?
    WHEN TO REFER?
    • REFERRAL - the act of recommending that a
    person speak to a professional who is more
    competent to handle the difficulties and
    complexities of his/her needs.

    • Referral may be necessary when the stress


    reactions of individuals affected by disasters
    are causing impairments (inability to take care of self
    or inability to work)
    WHEN TO REFER?
    • When a person hints or talks openly of suicide
    • If there is a possibility of child abuse or any
    criminal activity
    • The problem is beyond your capability.
    • The problem does not fit the purpose of the
    responder/aider program
    WHEN TO REFER?
    • The person seems to be socially isolated.,
    • You have difficulty maintaining real contact
    with the person
    • You become aware of dependency on alcohol
    and drugs
    • When the person is engaging in risky or
    threatening behavior.
    WHEN TO REFER?
    • When you yourself become:

    – Restless
    – Confused
    – Have negative recurring thoughts
    – Dream about the case
    – Feel you are the only one who can help
    When, Where & How
    to REFER
    INTERVENTION/ REFERRAL FLOWCHART
    CHILD
    • Talk
    • Play IMPROVED FOLLOW-UP
    - Support
    - Educate
    FAMILY
    • Talk
    NOT
    a. Support REFER
    IMPROVED
    Select b. educate
    Activity -Child rearing Practices
    - communication styles
    For
    Help COMMUNITY
    • Talk COUNSELING
    • Suggest Activities SERVICE
    SOCIAL
    a. Day care SERVICE
    b. sportfest MEDICAL
    c. disaster preparedness SERVICE
    SCHOOL
    • Talk
    • Suggest Activities
    • Contact people
    a. Sportfest
    • Agency and Address (DSWD, WCPU)
    b. Disaster preparedness
    c. Family day
    d. Art contest
    T.Y.

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