Inside Reading 1 Answer Key

Inside
Reading Level 1
Unit 1: Riding through History

Reading Skill: Previewing p. 2
Apply
1. the history of bicycles
2. The pictures show different kinds of bicycles. The captions in the timeline
give information about the history of the bicycle.
3. Checked:
when the bicycle was invented who invented the bicycle
a description of the first bicycle how people reacted to the
changes in the bicycle over time invention
Reading Comprehension p. 5
1. T 3. T 5. F 7. F
2. F 4. T 6. F 8. T

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 5–6
A
1. changed 5. person 9. natural
2. planned 6. structure 10. hurt, lessen
3. abroad 7. great 11. replace
4. next 8. payment 12. main, purpose

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 6
B
1. a 3. e 5. b
2. f 4. c 6. d

C
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
snow skiing horseback riding mountain climbing
race‐car driving motorcycle racing other: (student’s choice)

D
2. d. An architect’s primary job is designing buildings.
3. c. A taxi driver’s primary job is driving people from place to place for a fee.
4. g. An international airline pilot’s primary job is flying airplanes overseas.
5. f. A doctor’s primary job is helping individuals who are injured or sick.
6. b. A substitute teacher’s primary job is teaching the classes of a teacher who
is absent.
7. e. A janitor’s primary job is cleaning and taking care of buildings.
Unit 1 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 1

Inside Reading Level 1
Tailors, architects, doctors, and substitute teachers do their jobs primarily during
the day. Taxi drivers, international airline pilots, and janitors might also work at
night.

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 7
E
2. The jet engine revolutionized air travel.
The jet engine was a revolutionary idea in air travel.
3. Alfred Nobel created a revolution with a new substance he called “dynamite.”
Alfred Nobel created a revolutionary substance that he called “dynamite.”
4. X‐rays were a revolution in medical science.
The discovery of X‐rays revolutionized medical science.

F
2. Substitute an r for the l to make steer.
3. Substitute an r for the m to make tire.
4. Substitute an a for the o to make brake.
5. Substitute an r for the h to make ride.
6. Substitute a d for the t to make pedal.

G
1. subsequently substituted 3. subsequent, substituted
2. subsequent substitution

Reading Skill: Previewing p. 9
Apply
1. It will be about something called a Segway. The word future suggests the
article will be about a modern way to travel. This article will be about a
recent invention, whereas the previous reading was about a historical
invention.
2. Yes, the picture helps explain it.
3. Checked:
Where are Segways used? Where is the engine?
Who will ride Segways? How much do they cost?
How are they like bicycles? What are they used for?

1. T 3. F 5. F 7. T 9. T
2. T 4. F 6. F 8. T



A
1. had a job 5. substituted 9. minimize
2. an inherent 6. subsequent 10. framework
3. alter 7. injured 11. individual
4. designed 8. primary 12. revolutionized

B

2. injure, action 6. primary, antonym

3. minimize, antonym 7. individual, example
4. overseas, synonym 8. subsequent, antonym
5. fee, action

C
B Hollow steel tubes substituted for solid tubes to minimize the weight.
S Lean forward and watch this revolutionary vehicle go!
B Individuals can alter their speed by just turning the pedals.
S Used overseas to patrol the Beijing Olympics.
S Avoid injuries. For a small fee, learn to ride on an indoor track.
S Inherently easy to drive. Primary power is from batteries.
B You thought high‐wheelers were great? Try the subsequent design!

D
1. e 3. a 5. b
2. d 4. c

E

A the speed of the bicycle the size of the wheels

the color of the framework A the direction the bicycle turns
A the height of the seat A the speed that the wheels turn
the design of the bicycle A the mirrors on the handlebars

F
1. Each boy works individually to make his own car.
2. First each boy designs his car on paper.
3. He wants to individualize his car so it will be special.
4. He can show his individuality in many ways. Some boys design their cars to
look like a snake or a hot dog, for example.

5. To build the car, the designer traces his design on a block of wood and carves
out the shape. Then he attaches the wheels and paints his car.
6. On the day of the race, the Boy Scouts roll their cars down a sloped board
individually. The fastest car down the board wins a prize.
7. The judges give individual prizes for the funniest car, the scariest car, and
other categories.
8. Every car is a winner. The contest is designed to show every boy’s
individuality.

G
2. Farmers substituted animals for tractors to pull their plows.
3. Airplanes made traveling overseas easier and faster.
4. Jet airplanes minimized the time of flights.
5. No one walks anymore. People travel primarily on wheels.
6. The first airplane had a framework of wood covered by cloth.
7. Segways rely on the inherent ability of riders to maintain their balance.
8. Early trains were powered by steam. Subsequent alterations were made in
their designs so they could be powered by diesel engines.

Unit 2: Fighting Diseases

Review a Skill: Previewing p. 18
Answers will vary. Possible answer:
The subtitles and images tell me that the article is about mosquitoes, malaria, and
how to keep both away. I expect to learn about ways to prevent malaria.

Reading Comprehension

p. 20–21
1. T 3. F 5. T 7. T 9. F
2. T 4. T 6. T 8. F 10. T

Reading Skill: Finding the Main Idea p. 21
Apply
Malaria is a serious health problem.
Paragraph 2: a Paragraph 7: b
Paragraph 4: b

A

1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b

B
2. d. The Minister of Health is responsible for hospitals and healthcare
practitioners.
3. b. The Minister of Labor is responsible for working conditions in factories.
4. e. The Minister of Agriculture is responsible for farm products.
5. c. The Minister of Transportation is responsible for airlines and trains.
The Minister of Finance is in charge of the Ministry of Finance.
The Minister of Health is in charge of the Ministry of Health.
The Minister of Labor is in charge of the Ministry of Labor.
The Minister of Agriculture is in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture.
The Minister of Transportation is in charge of the Ministry of Transportation.

C
 1. a broken arm  4. an earache  7. choking
2. hair loss  5. a heart attach 8. sneezing
3. a broken fingernail  6. a high fever  9. an eye injury



D
1. These headlines conflict because the first one says there is a decline in
malaria, which means that malaria is less frequent than before, and the
second one says the number of malaria cases has increased, which means
there are more cases than before.
2. These headlines do not conflict because implements means the same as put
into service.
3. These headlines conflict because the first one says staff will accompany the
prime minister, and the second one says the prime minister will go alone.

E
1. A student studies and learns by reading, writing, and discussing. A student
probably receives no money.
2. A farmer grows and sells fruits, vegetables, and grains and also raises and
sells animals for their meat and by‐products. A farmer is probably paid for
his/her labor, by selling his or her products.
3. An auto mechanic fixes cars and trucks and is probably paid for his or her
labor.
4. A cook prepares food at a restaurant or other eating establishment. A cook is
probably paid for his or her labor.
5. A housewife is a woman who does not have a job outside the home, and who
spends her time cleaning the house, cooking, and taking care of her family.
She probably receives no pay for this work.
6. A poet writes poems and is probably paid for his or her work if he or she is
able to sell it.
7. A musician is skilled in performing or composing music and is probably paid
for his or her labor
8. A gardener is skilled in growing and taking care of flowers, vegetables, trees,
and grass in public places or in homes. A gardener is probably paid for his or
her labor.

F
2. Teachers intensely dislike having sick children in their classes.
3. They say that children with intense coughs belong at home.
4. A sick child in class intensifies the chances that other children will get sick.
5. Our school’s intensive health program urges students to stay home if they are
sick.



G
Answers will vary. Students should provide logical reasons for their prioritization.

H
Answers will vary. Possible answer:
To: The Village Rescue Team
From: Relief camp director
Re: People living in villages affected by the yesterday’s earthquake
The intense earthquake yesterday morning injured many residents in nearby
villages. The earthquake also destroyed many homes.
The first priority is to take care of the injured people. Next, we need to set up
tents where people can reside until their homes are rebuilt. There is plenty to eat
here, so finding more food is not a priority right now.
I have asked the village leader to decide which village services should be
restored and in what order. His list will help us plan our schedule.
As more people come to the relief camp, our work will probably get more
intensive. Help each other and try to make the best of this very intense time.

1. T 3. F 5. T 7. T 9. F
2. F 4. F 6. F 8. T

Reading Skill: Finding the Main Idea p. 29
Apply
Answers may vary. Possible answers:
1. Yes. Drug companies want to find new medicines in rainforests to help
doctors cure old and new diseases.
2. A miracle drug was found to cure malaria.
3. The ancient people of China had used a plant called wormwood to cure
fevers.
4. Aspirin was first used by ancient Greek physicians.
5. Taxol is an example of how miracle drugs are still being found in the world’s
forests.
6. Access to rainforest plants is rapidly disappearing.
7. Scientists want to learn about rainforest medicines before the rainforests
disappear forever.



A
2. d. Dosage instructions usually accompany a bottle of aspirin.
3. e. Operating instructions usually accompany an electronic appliance.
4. b. Cooking instructions usually accompany a frozen pizza.
5. f. Watering instructions usually accompany a flowering plant.
6. c. Installation instructions usually accompany a computer program.

B
1. resided 4. labored 7. practitioners
2. accompanied 5. priority 8. declined
3. occurred 6. access to

C
Answer may vary. Possible answers:
eyesight, A person’s eyesight might decline.
intelligence, A person’s intelligence might decline.
energy level, A person’s energy level might decline.
income, A person’s income might decline.
appetite, A person’s appetite might decline.
amount of sleep needed, The amount of sleep a person needs might decline.
time spent with family, The amount of time a person spends with family might
decline.
sense of humor, A person’s sense of humor might decline.
patience, A person’s patience might decline.

D
2. e. You need a password to access your email.
3. f. You need a key to access a locked closet.
4. d. You need an elevator to access the top floor of a building.
5. c. You need a ticket to access the subway train.
6. b. You need a student ID card to access the school library.

E
2. d. A full moon occurs every 28 days.
3. f. Midnight occurs at 12:00 at night.
4. b. Breakfast occurs in the morning.
5. c. Wednesday occurs in the middle of the week.
6. e. Thunder occurs during a rainstorm.



F
Answer will vary.

G
Writing: pen, pencil, keyboard
Eating: spoon, fork, knife, bowl
Cutting: knife, scissors, saw
Cleaning: broom, mop, sponge, bucket


Unit 3: They Know What You Want

1. T 3. T 5. T 7. F
2. T 4. F 6. T 8. T

Reading Skill: Scanning p. 37
Apply
1. as many as 200
2. sex, age, education, and income of future customers
3. They want their babies to be healthy.
4. They want to be good mothers.
5. Healthy Start
6. Give your baby a Healthy Start.
7. they must decide

A

1. sex, example 4. implicit, antonym

2. publish, action 5. administer, synonym
3. export, synonym 6. income, action

B

1. Surveys 5. domestic
2. sector 6. explicit
3. administrators 7. implicit
4. published

C
airlines Airlines channel passengers through security checks.
waiters Waiters channel food and drinks to a customer’s table.
arteries Arteries channel blood through the body.
charities: Charities channel donations to needy families.

D
2. d. We could survey students at a university.
3. e. We could survey readers in a library.
4. c. We could survey passengers in an airport.
5. b. We could survey people entering a theater.



E
1. innovative 3. innovator 5. innovation
2. innovate 4. innovation 6. innovate

F
2. They want to convince people to change the way they eat.
3. They have convincing evidence that junk foods are to blame.
4. Food companies advertise convincingly that junk foods will make us happy.
5. Children are especially easy to convince.
6. Even if an ad shows something unconvincing, children think it is real
information.
7. Food companies are unconvinced that they are to blame for children’s
obesity.
8. The food companies are unconvinced that it is their responsibility to control
children’s diets.

G
Answers may vary. Sample answers;
2. Canada was the largest exporter of wheat.
3. Russia exported wheat to Egypt.
4. Canada and Kazakhstan were exporting wheat to China.
5. Ukraine exported 5.5 million tons of wheat in 2010.
6. Wheat is one export that Canada sends overseas.

H
The name of the publisher of this book is Oxford University Press. The book was
published in 2012.

1. T 3. T 5. T 7. F
2. F 4. T 6. F 8. T

Apply A
1. Xerox, Rolex, Rolodex, Windex, Lexus
2. Aleve, Volvo, Chevrolet, Nova
3. Mercedes‐Benz, Sleepeez, Mazda



Apply B
1. a cruise ship company 6. window cleaner
2. a computer 7. cereal
3. a pain reliever 8. automobile
4. a desk index 9. antacid tablets
5. a diet aid 10. ice cream

Review a Skill: Finding the Main Idea p. 45
Main idea: One of the most important tasks in marketing a new product is giving it a
name.
The first sentence in the following paragraphs states a “rule” to consider for a new
name.

A
1. Product: an energy drink 4. Product: toothpaste
Sector: hockey players Sector: parents with children
2. Product: tomato paste or sauce 5. Product: engine fuel
Sector: cooks and chefs Sector: people who have to
3. Product: a vocabulary builder choose fuel at the gas station
Sector: students and teachers 6. Answers will vary.

B
Answers will vary.

C
1. e 3. d 5. c
2. a 4. f 6. b

D
2. Farmers often have many domesticated animals, such as sheep and goats.
3. Every summer our store has a sale on domestic products.
4. You should arrive at the airport two hours before domestic flights.
5. Coffee must be imported from other countries because it is not grown
domestically.



E
2. He is the administrator of operations for the entire company.
3. She has administrative responsibility in marketing.
4. She administers employment issues in the company.
5. He oversees the administration of the safety and maintenance of the factory.


Unit 4: Identifying People

1. T 3. T 5. F 7. T 9. F
2. F 4. T 6. T 8. T 10. T

Reading Skill: Identifying Examples p. 53
Apply
1. types of groups that people are part of 4. like, Similarly
2. might include, such as 5. For instance, include, such as
3. for example, such as

Review a Skill: Scanning p. 53
Apply
five times
ten

A
1. constituted 3. conventional 5. somewhat 7. acquired
2. whereby 4. via 6. context 8. integral

B
2. airports. I’ve traveled overseas twice, so I am somewhat of an expert on
airports.
3. music. I used to play the piano, so I am somewhat of an expert on music.
4. cars. My father is a mechanic, so I am somewhat of an expert on cars.
5. literature. I used to work in a bookstore, so I am somewhat of an expert on
literature.

C
1. f . All employees will hear the message and leave the building immediately.
2. d. It is common courtesy to speak directly to an employee that you want to
fire.
3. a. A sticky note tells the employee what to do with something that was
probably left on his or her desk.
4. b. Email is convenient to tell all affected employees about something.
5. c. To speak to an employee right away, the telephone is the most effective
way.
6. e. A company newsletter is the proper way to announce news about an
employee.



D
C police chief M general C prime minister
C lawyer C manager M field marshal
M soldier C fireman M lieutenant

E
1. In most cultures, given names differentiate between males and females.
2. Often there is no differentiation in the civil titles of males or females.
3. Civil titles help differentiate ordinary citizens from people in authority.

F
2. A rare monkey eats vegetables and flies.
A monkey is rare because it flies.
3. The riders on the bus did not arrive at the airport on time, and they missed
their planes.
The riders on the bus avoided a collision with some planes.
4. Actors that are entertaining can be expensive to see.
Actors can be very expensive to entertain.
5. People who bit frogs suffered harmful effects.
Certain frogs that bite people are harmful.

G
1. The young people in my family do not dress conventionally.
2. The conventional way to address teachers is by their title and last name.
3. Students at my school convene in the student union building.
4. Shaking hands is a convention that is common in the business world.

H
2. that Yoshi was injured 4. to take him to the hospital
3. responsibility for the accident 5. saw that Yoshi was OK

I
I like my dad’s style of cooking because he uses fresh ingredients. I don’t like
Eduardo’s style of playing soccer because he is too slow.


1. T 3. F 5. T 7. F
2. F 4. F 6. T 8. T

Reading Skill: Identifying Examples p. 60–61
Apply
1. Similarly, contemporary cultures today employ many common items,
including clothing, as symbols of social status.
2. Paragraph 2: university students
Paragraph 3: judges
Paragraph 4: kings and queens
Paragraph 5: the bride
Paragraph 7: police officers, fire fighters, waiters, waitresses, airline pilots,
cabin stewards, nurses, dental assistants
Paragraph 8: military personnel
3. a robe, a gavel, a wig
4. a white dress, a white veil, a bouquet of flowers
5. One type, another, A third type
6. First, Second, Finally

A
2. g. A windshield is analogous to eyes.
3. d. A driver is analogous to a brain.
4. b. Tires are analogous to feet.
5. c. An engine is analogous to a heart.
6. f. A gasoline tank is analogous to a stomach.

B
2. This might be an index of good education policies in the country.
3. This might be an index of a strong economy in the country.
4. This might be an index of a democratic government in the country.

C
1. a long robe or a head covering
2. the position of the tassel on the graduation cap
3. rings
4. a white wedding dress



D
2. It would be appropriate to wear a long dress or dark suit in the context of a
wedding
3. It would be appropriate to wear casual clothes in the context of an informal
restaurant.
4. It would be appropriate to wear a dress or dressy pants in the context of a
graduation ceremony.
5. It would be appropriate to wear jeans and a sweatshirt in an outdoor‐activity
context.

E
2. The computer technicians were bored and were game to do learn new
software even if it had little practical use in their jobs.
3. The sky turned pink and orange as the sun went down.
4. Some people gave a silly, gag gift to the high school graduates.
5. We prefer pale colors to bright colors because they have a calming effect.

F
1. The constituent parts of a textbook are front and back cover, a contents page,
chapters or units, an index or glossary, and sometimes an answer key.
2. Musicians, musical instruments, sheets of music, and a conductor constitute
an orchestra.
3. The constituent parts of a computer include a monitor, a keyboard, a mouse
or track pad, and a hard drive.
4. Ground beef, two buns, lettuce, and tomatoes constitute a burger.


Unit 5: Success Story

A
1. F 3. T 5. T 7. T 9. T
2. T 4. F 6. F 8. T

B
 a clear goal  middle‐class status repeated failures
 persistence  focus  a dynamic personality
a coincidence  dreams of tomorrow  successful parents

Reading Skill: Identifying Definitions p. 69
Apply
1. the energy that drives people to work hard, to learn more, and to seek
opportunities to advance themselves
2. the ability to focus on a task despite interruptions, obstacles, and setbacks
3. stop
4. those who take effective action to make things happen
5. take advantage of

A

1. dominant 4. coincided with 7. demonstrated

2. professional 5. was aware 8. positive
3. attained 6. dynamic 9. generating

B

2. b. A teacher and a principal are colleagues.

3. f. A manicurist and a hair stylist are colleagues.
4. e. A violinist and a pianist are colleagues.
5. d. A chef and a waiter are colleagues.
6. c. An author and a publisher are colleagues.

C
fear of challenge  fear of being laughed at
 lack of persistence lack of setbacks
 fear of failure lack of experience



D
P, V, A books P, V, A magazines N, A radio
N, V, A the Internet N, P, V, A newspapers N, V, A television

E
1. laughter 3. programs
2. sales 4. designs
5. A journalist generates stories for his or her editor.

F
2. b. It was coincidental that Dimitri and Pavlo were on the same bus.
3. b. It’s a coincidence that Sue and Lou have their birthdays on June 1.
4. b. It’s a coincidence that five players on a basketball team have the last name
Rodriguez.

G
1. dominant 3. dominance
2. dominate 4. dominates

H
1. some days in the classroom will be difficult.
2. they are getting too hot and should drink some water.
3. the requirements for the job.
4. the target audience.

1. T 3. F 5. F 7. T
2. T 4. T 6. T 8. F

Apply A
1. very important and special
2. to exploit others
3. give them constant attention and to obey their commands
4. attention, everyone
5. great charm
6. gossip and tell jokes
7. the conversation with stories about themselves
8. their talents and personal attainments

9. Lying
10. to satisfy their needs and to admire them
11. everything else in their lives

Apply B
Answer will vary. Possible answer:
thinking that you are the most important person in every situation

Apply B
The main idea of Reading 1 is that there are many reasons for why a person
achieves success, but having ambition is the most important factor.
The main idea of Reading 2 is that some people always want to be the center of
attention, seem to have a very high opinion of themselves, and do not care how
other people feel.

A
1. B 4. B 7. B
2. P 5. A 8. B
3. B 6. B 9. P

B
farmer mail carrier  salesperson
 film actor  politician  teacher
gardener  receptionist  wedding planner

1. Electric ovens 3. Vaccines
2. Airplanes

C
1. good 3. certain or confident
2. accepting or approving



D
1. obtained 3. attained
2. attained 4. obtained

A a high school diploma U an Olympic medal
U a journey to the moon A fluency in a second language
U a Nobel prize A happiness
A a well‐paying job U the starring role in a film

E
1. N 2. P 3. N 4. P

F

1. demonstrate 3. demonstration
2. demonstrate 4. demonstrates

G
1. Last year, Ahn went to Canada because the economic slowdown in his home
country inhibited his professional opportunities.
2. Adjusting to a new country was hard. He was too inhibited to make friends
with his colleagues. He worried that his English was poor.
3. He wanted to feel more uninhibited when he spoke, so Ahn decided to join an
English class.
4. His teacher told the students, “Try to lose your inhibitions. It’s okay to make
mistakes.”
5. The teacher understood why the students were inhibited. He made them feel
less inhibited, and soon the students were laughing and talking, learning
English, and making friends.

Unit 6: Solving Crimes with Science

A
1. T 3. T 5. T 7. F 9. T
2. F 4. T 6. F 8. T

Reading Skill: Identifying Time and Sequence Words p. 84
Apply A
9 A detective arrives.
6 The tall man hears voices downstairs.
5 Susan calls the police.
3 Susan realizes they have forgotten their tickets.
2 The tall man watches Susan and Eduard drive off.
1 Eduard tells the servant how to open the safe.
7 The tall man stuffs the jewelry into the red bag.
4 Susan concludes that someone is inside.
8 The tall man climbs out of the window.

Apply B
2 They realized that they had forgotten the tickets
1 as soon as they arrived at the theater.
2 They were surprised to find the front door unlocked
1 when they arrived home.
2 He knew he had to leave
1 when he heard voices downstairs.
2 He climbed out of the window
1 after emptying the safe.
1 He waited for them to drive away
2 before unlocking the door.

A
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. a dictionary, an English teacher
2. a cookbook, a friend
3. a travel agent, a travel website, airline websites, an advertisement
4. a telephone directory, the restaurant’s website, an advertisement



B
1. logic 4. site 7. specific
2. consult 5. detect 8. conclude
3. instance 6. establish 9. contrary

C
1. c. An emergency medical team goes to an accident site to help accident
victims.
2. e. Carpenters go to a construction site to build things.
3. f. Soldiers go to a battle site to fight in a battle.
4. b. A bride and groom go to a wedding site to get married.
5. a. A rock band goes to a concert site to perform.
6. d. Students go to a graduation site for their graduation ceremony.

D
2. he was not wearing a coat.
3. On the contrary, he looked very old.
4. On the contrary, he was alone.
5. On the contrary, he said, “I need some money.”
6. On the contrary, he looked happy.
7. On the contrary, he got into a taxi by the park.

E
1. My Spanish teacher motivated me to spend a semester in Mexico.
2. Advertisements can make you think that you will achieve good results with
their product, so you are motivated to buy them.
3. A motive for acting kind is believing that ‘what goes around, comes around.”
A motive for acting mean is wanting to hurt someone’s feelings.

F
1. He established that only one room showed signs of a crime.
2. He established that Eduard and Susan were gone.
3. She established that someone had been in the house.
4. They established that his fingerprints matched the ones from the crime
scene.



G
1. The police ask many specific questions, like the victim’s name and age.
2. They need to know the specifics of what happened.
3. They want to know specifically when the crime happened.
4. They want witnesses to specify what they saw.
5. They hope witnesses can give them specific information about the crime.

H
1. The insurance company was motivated to establish the truth about Mr. Able’s
claim that he was robbed of $1 million in jewels.
2. The surveillance tape established that a robber entered the store wearing a
raincoat and carrying an umbrella, just as Mr. Able described.
3. But the tape also established that the robber had no suitcase to put the
jewelry into.
4. Finally, it was illogical for the robber to leave nearly $20,000 cash in the safe.
5. Mr. Able’s motive for pretending to be robbed was to get money from the
insurance company while still keeping the jewelry.

1. T 3. F 5. T 7. F 9. T
2. T 4. F 6. F 8. T 10. T

Apply A
1. Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective, but the setting of his fictional
detective work is a century ago.
2. The police send an ME and a CSI team when a crime is reported.
3. CSIs take photographs of the crime site after the ME takes photographs of the
body and before they check the site for fingerprints.

Apply B
2 dust objects for fingerprints
1 take photographs
5 send evidence to a forensics laboratory
7 present their evidence in a court of law
3 look for drops of blood or strands of hair
4 label the evidence
6 consult with the police chief

Review a Skill: Identifying Examples p. 92

Paragraph 4: fingerprints, drops of blood, strands of hair, pieces of ripped cloth, or

other evidence
Paragraph 5: hair, animal fur, sand, grass, and fibers from clothing or carpeting

A
1. technical assistance 3. technical words
2. technical explanation 4. technical person

B
1. 20 years old.
2. 33 cents.
3. insects falling into the food.
4. waiting for someone to come out of the store.

C
1. a referee 3. a police officer 5. the boss
2. the teacher 4. the parents 6. the manager

D
2. c. A zoologist is an authority on animals.
3. d. A graphologist is an authority on handwriting.
4. e. A toxicologist is an authority on poisons.
5. b. A meteorologist is an authority on weather.

E
1. detector 3. detectable 5. detective
2. detectives 4. detects 6. detection

F
2. c. The robbers were armed. For instance, each robber had a gun or a knife.
3. b. The robbers didn't plan very well. For instance, none had a specific job to
do.
4. a. The robbers covered their faces. For instance, one was wearing a black ski
mask.
5. e. The robbers did not seem very smart. For instance, the note said GIV ME
YOR MONEE.



G
1. The police concluded that Dave was guilty.
2. They first jumped to the conclusion that Jim was guilty because his
fingerprints were on the wall where the painting had been.
3. The conclusive evidence was the painting being found in Dave’s house with
his fingerprints on it, showing that he stole it.

H
Text will vary. Possible answer:
Dear Mr. Lee,

I consulted with a few of Ms. Park’s neighbors, and one woman said that she
observed Ms. Park playing with her children in the yard last weekend. I decided to
follow her when she went shopping yesterday, and I detected no reason that
prevents Ms. Park from walking, working, or taking care of her children.

I have come to the conclusion that she is perfectly healthy, and her motivation to
request payment is obviously to get a lot of money illegally.

Sincerely,
Hosun Kim
Private Detective


Unit 7: The Fast-Food Revolution

1. F 3. F 5. T 7. F 9. T
2. T 4. T 6. F 8. T

Reading Skill: Reading Numerical Tables p. 101
Apply
1. 1954 3. McDonald’s
2. 90 4. Pizza Hut

A
1. generations 5. albeit
2. In contrast 6. rejecting
3. inclined 7. abandon
4. acknowledges 8. expand

B
2. 10 3. 10 4. 1,000 5. 100 6. 366

C
1. f. The output of an automobile factory is new cars.
2. c. The output of a movie studio is films.
3. e. The output of a bakery is cakes and pies.
4. a. The output of an author is stories.
5. d. The output of a power plant is electricity.
6. b. The output of a dairy is milk.

E
1. d. People can make or receive phone calls on a cell phone no matter where
they are.
2. a. Cooking with a microwave oven is much faster than on a wood‐burning
stove.
3. c. An air conditioner cools an entire room or home, but a ceiling fan only
cools the space near it.
4. b. You can easily fix mistakes, rewrite, or move text with a word processor.
The number of mistakes you can make on a typewriter are limited and
always look messy, unless you retype an entire page.



F
1. complement 3. complements
2. complimentary 4. complementary

G
2. The burger was good, albeit small.
3. The broken chairs contrasted with the shiny new tables.
4. A parent's idea of a good lunch is a sandwich and fruit, contrasting with her
child's idea of a good lunch, which is a burger and fries at a fast‐food place.
5. Soft drinks at fast‐food places cost about $1.25. In contrast, water is free.
6. Linda’s tiny salad contrasted with the enormous hamburger she also
ordered.

H
1. abandoned near trash cans.
2. reject new foods.
3. most young people reject those in favor of regular burgers.
4. abandon the idea until the economy starts to grow.
5. we abandoned the idea and cooked something at home instead.
6. rejected his offer because we are all avoiding sugary foods.

1. T 3. F 5. T
2. F 4. T 6. T

Reading Skill: Reading Numerical Tables p. 107–108
Apply
1. Kumon Math & Reading Centers, Subway, Midas, Dunkin’ Donuts,
McDonald’s, Burger King, Hampton Inn
2. Kumon Math & Reading Centers, Subway, Midas, Dunkin’ Donuts,
McDonald’s, Burger King, Hampton Inn
3. Smallest range: Kumon Math & Reading Centers; largest range: Hampton
Inn; The costs of building a franchise, hiring employees, and local taxes are
not the same in every place.

Review a Skill: Identifying Examples p. 108
Examples students might name: restaurants, dental offices, hardware stores, hotels,
gas stations, pet hospitals, tax consultants, fitness centers, cleaning services, movie
theaters, and child care centers



A
The kitchen is clean. The french fries are crispy.
The food was ready quickly There is soap in the restrooms.
The workers wear clean uniforms The cashier is friendly.
Pass/Fail
Is the food too greasy?
Are there salads or other healthy foods on the menu?

B
1. generation 4. expanded 7. complement
2. In contrast 5. contemporary 8. grade
3. had an inclination 6. output

C
1. e 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. b

D
Overlap in time:
"Roman History" and "Europe from 1850 to Present Day"
"Europe from 1800 to 1900" and "The History of China"
Changes: start "Roman History" earlier, at 7:30; start "The History of China" later, at
4:30
Overlap in subject matter:
"Roman History" and "Roman and Greek History"
"Europe from 1850 to Present Day" and "Europe from 1800 to 1900"
Changes: change "Roman and Greek History" to just "Greek History"; change
"Europe from 1850 to Present Day" to "Europe from 1900 to Present Day"

E
1. The McDonald’s menu has expanded to include salads.
2. By 2011, the expansive network of McDonald’s franchises covered 119
overseas countries.
3. Recently, McDonald’s growth has been expanding faster overseas than in the
United States.
4. Many McDonald’s franchises have added a children’s play yard to expand
their appeal to families.



F
1. economically 5. Economists
2. economize 6. economy
3. economy 7. economic
4. economical

G
2. A teenager’s eating habits incline toward fast food.
3. People who can’t swim are not inclined to own boats.
4. Babies are inclined to cry a lot.
5. Little sisters are inclined to copy their big sisters.


Unit 8: The Autism Puzzle

1. T 4. F 7. F 10. F
2. T 5. T 8. T 11. T
3. T 6. F 9. T

Reading Skill: Making Inferences p. 117
Apply
2. a, b, c 4. c
3. b, c 5. a, b

Spinning is a common repetitive behavior in autistic children.
Most autistic kids don’t know how to pretend.
Autistic kids are often sensitive to loud or harsh sounds, bright lights, and textures.
Most autistic kids like repetition but have poor language skills.
Many autistic children can’t connect a printed word with something that is not real.
Most autistic children don’t understand how to interact with others, and they prefer
to be alone.
Most autistic children are boys.
Most autistic children do not do well in school because they are not academically
mature.

A
1. phases 6. assess
2. appropriate 7. capabilities
3. participate 8. constrain
4. interact 9. relax
5. task 10. mature

B
a. spinning d. being sensitive to loud noises g. excelling at math
b. writing letters e. watching a videotape h. hand‐flapping
c. pretending f. preferring to be alone i. linking repetition

C
a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 5 e. 6 f. 1



D
Answers will vary. Likely to be checked:
coffee with sugar tea with lemon
tea with honey milk with honey
 tea with garlic  milk with cola
 coffee with mustard  hot chocolate with chili pepper
coffee with milk

E
1. assess 3. assessment 5. reassessment
2. assessable 4. assesses 6. assessed

F
2. Shawn can probably do this task. He likes to spell.
3. Shawn can probably do this task. He does math problems very quickly.
4. Shawn probably can’t do this task because he does not know how to interact
well with people. A committee consists of several people, and they may all
have different ideas, which will confuse Shawn because he likes repetition
and can’t think ahead to the future.
5. Shawn probably can’t do this task because his verbal skills are very poor.

G
1. Sam’s answer is not very appropriate because he should say “You’re
welcome” when someone says “Thank you.”
2. Sam did not answer appropriately because he should answer such a question
with either “yes” or “no.”
3. Sam’s answer is inappropriate. He should answer “yes” or “no.”
4. Sam’s answer is somewhat appropriate because he answers the question, but
it is not a very helpful answer.

1. T 3. F 5. T 7. F
2. T 4. F 6. T


Reading Skill: Making Inferences p. 124

Apply
Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4
1. D 1. I 1. D
2. N 2. D 2. D
3. I 3. D 3. D
4. I 4. N 4. N
5. D 5. D 5. D

A
Accept reading a newspaper in brail or as an electronic file.
 listening to music  riding on a bus  telling jokes
driving a car reading a newspaper  using a telephone
Sentences will vary.

B
2. relax 4. relax it
3. relax it 5. relax

C
Answers may vary. Likely to be checked:
studying playing laughing
 screaming  watching TV  arguing
sleeping  fighting  surfing the Internet

D
1. d 3. b 5. a
2. f 4. c 6. e

E
1. immaturity 3. maturation 5. maturity
2. mature 4. immature 6. maturational

F
2. Nouns are easiest because they are predominantly things you can picture.
3. Verbal thinkers predominate in universities.
4. Dr. Grandin was surprised by the predominance of people who think only in
words.
5. Seeing pictures in her mind is the predominant way Temple Grandin creates
ideas.


G
2. Among autistic children, boys outnumber girls by a ratio of 4 to 1.
3. Of colorblind adults, men outnumber women by a ratio of 15 to 1.
4. At age 65, women outnumber men by a ratio of 10 to 7.
5. Of the people in my family, males outnumber females by a ratio of 3 to 1.
6. Of the communication I receive, email messages outnumber phone calls by a
ratio of 10 to 1.
7. For school time, my hours studying outnumber my hours in class by a ratio of
4 to 1.

H
1. participate 3. participants 5. participating
2. participants 4. participation

I
Answer will vary. Possible answer:
I learned that when autistic children observe something happening, they think that
everyone is aware of what took place. In their minds, if they saw it happen, it is a
fact.

Unit 9: Sea of Life

1. T 3. T 5. F 7. T 9. F
2. F 4. T 6. T 8. F 10. T

Reading Skill: Reading Statistical Tables p. 133
Apply A
1. China—seventeen point one million tons;
Peru—seven point zero million tons;
US—four point nine million tons;
Indonesia—four point eight million tons;
Chile—four point two million tons;
Japan—four point two million tons;
India—three point nine million tons;
Russia—three point three million tons;
Norway—three point zero million tons
Thailand—two point eight million tons;
Philippines—two point three million tons;
2. 17,100,000 (seventeen million one hundred thousand, China);
7,000,000 (seven million, Peru);
4,900,000 (four million nine hundred thousand, US);
4,800,000 (four million eight hundred thousand, Indonesia);
4,200,000 (four million two hundred thousand, Chile and Japan);
3,900,000 (three million nine hundred thousand, India);
3,300,000 (three million three hundred thousand, Russia);
3,000,000 (three million, Norway);
2,800,000 (two million eight hundred thousand, Thailand);
2,300,000 (two million three hundred thousand, Philippines)

Apply B
b. N d. I f. N h. N
c. I e. I g. I

Review a Skill: Identifying Definitions p. 133
nutrients: plant matter, fertilizers, animal waste, and garbage
algae: microscopic plants

A
1. terminate, antonym 4. aggregate, part
2. temporary, example 5. process, part
3. erode, synonym


B
1. wind, rain, snow, earthquakes
2. poor nutrition, illness, aging
3. wind, rain, livestock
4. low quality, high prices, poor service
5. lack of money, lack of time, illness
6. little time spent together, changes in interests

C
2. a bookstore, a library
3. a garden, a greenhouse, a park, a nursery
4. children at school, passengers in a bus/train/subway/plane, people in an
office building
5. a book, a magazine, a journal, a newspaper

D
 spring: in March or April  October: in the fall
 New Year’s Day: January 1  new classes: in spring or fall
a full moon  animal migration: in spring and fall
 your birthday: on February 11 family gatherings
a wedding

E
1. b 3. d 5. c
2. e 4. a

F
1. traced 4. process 7. impact
2. annual 5. erosion 8. ultimately
3. compatible 6. contributed



G
A: Does my computer have compatibility with the newest operating system?
B: No, there is a total incompatibility with your old computer.
A: Is my CD player compatible with DVDs?
B: No, It is incompatible. You can only play CDs on a CD player.

H
2. Her new job had an impact on the whole family.
Her new job impacted the whole family.
3. The collision impacted each of us differently.
The collision had a different impact on each of us.
4. The new law will impact the way people pay their taxes.
The new law will have an impact on the way people pay their taxes.

I
2. Oil rose to the surface of the ocean. Strong winds were a contributing cause
of the oil spreading over 4,000 square miles.
3. BP sent a contribution of $20 billion to build a fund to help pay for damages
and clean up.
4. Thousands of volunteers contributed money and time to help rescue sea
animals.

1. T 3. T 5. T 7. F
2. F 4. F 6. T

Apply
Alvin General Specifications
Length 23 feet 4 inches / 7.11 meters
Weight 37,400 pounds / 16,964.35 kilograms
Maximum Depth 20,000 feet / 6.10 kilometers
Maximum Speed 2 knots / 3.70 kilometers per hour
Range 6 miles / 9.66 kilometers
Occupants 3
Propulsion 5 hydraulic thrusters
Electrical System lead‐acid batteries
Equipment (Internal) gyrocompass, magnometer, computer terminal
Equipment (External) special lamps, cameras, 2 external arms


A

 a summer job a mountain  a substitute teacher

a street name  a rainstorm  an oil spill
 a cloud  a full moon  an emergency
a highway  a puddle of mud an ocean

B
2. we decided on seafood. 5. cold cabbage.
3. it was able to get into the water. 6. to paint all the window frames.
4. I had to get a new one.

C

1. e 3. a 5. f
2. d 4. c 6. b

D
2. d. The post office might trace a lost package.
3. c. A scientist might trace the life cycle of a whale.
4. b. A grandmother might trace a family history.
5. f. The police might trace the owner of an abandoned car.
6. e. A small child might trace the letters of the alphabet.

E
2. Detectives are going to conduct a search for the missing murder weapon.
3. Marketers will conduct a survey to identify future customers.
4. A famous composer conducted a local orchestra playing his Symphony in F.
5. Ocean scientists have conducted an experiment on poisonous algae.

F
2. Dr. Lee’s occupation is ocean scientist.
3. Alvin has room for three occupants.
4. Looking out of the view ports occupies most of the scientists’ time.
5. Giant tube worms occupy an underwater environment without sunlight.



G
2. The process of vent formation begins when seawater seeps down into the
earth’s crust.
3. The seawater is heated to over 750 F. In the process, it expands.
4. In the process of rising through the cracks, the hot water dissolves chemicals
from the rock.
5. Some of the minerals harden in the process and form a rim around the vent.


Unit 10: Giving Nature a Hand

1. T 3. F 5. F 7. T
2. T 4. F 6. T 8. F

Reading Skill: Distinguishing Fact from Opinion p. 148
Apply A
1. Fact 3. Fact 5. Opinion
2. Opinion 4. Opinion 6. Fact

Apply B
Fact: Hearing aids are expensive.
Opinion: Hearing aids are too small and easy to lose.
Fact: Bifocal glasses allow you to see near and far with the same pair of eyeglasses.
Opinion: Bifocal glasses only look attractive on older people.

Apply C
It (being toothless) also made them physically unattractive.

Review a Skill: Identifying Time and Sequence Words p. 149
Vision: Nowadays
Hearing: Today, now
Teeth: Today

A
2. b. The objective of hearing aids is to attain improved hearing.
3. a. The objective of eyeglasses is to improve declining eyesight.
4. b. The objective of cochlear implants is to attain improved hearing.
5. a. The objective of contact lenses is to improve declining eyesight.
6. c. The objective of dental implants is to substitute for missing teeth.

B
2. The audience applauded wildly after his convincing speech.
3. The administration made a terrible decision that affected many people when
it foolishly imposed this tax.
4. Last year the tax generated only the tiny sum of $63.00.
5. After many long and boring comments from angry citizens, the meeting
finally ended at 8:00.



C
1. impose 4. advocate 7. alternative
2. voluntarily 5. objective 8. tense
3. proportion 6. incentive 9. confined

D
1. A fear of flying may cause someone getting on a plane to feel tense.
2 Worrying about whether there will be enough food for the guests may make
a hostess feel tense about a large party.
3. Someone who cannot hear may feel tense when they need to cross a big
street, because they may worry about being able to hear cars approaching.
4. Thinking that she might not get a job she really wants might make someone
tense when she goes for a job interview.
5. A teacher may be tense on her first day of school because she's eager to do a
good job but doesn't have enough experience to feel completely confident.
6. Being concerned about the responsibility of taking care of a baby may cause a
new parent to be tense.

E
2. f. Being able to see clearly is an incentive for wearing glasses.
3. e. Being able to hear conversations is an incentive for wearing a hearing aid.
4. a. Being able to chew food is an incentive for getting dentures.
5. b. Having big muscles is an incentive for exercising every day.
6. d. Improving your health is an incentive for giving up smoking.

F
Paragraph 2
1. Some people cannot see things at a distance.
2. Certain lenses are for farsighted people.
 3. The history of eyeglasses began many centuries ago.
Paragraph 3
1. Modern ways to correct vision are different from earlier ways.
2. About 2 percent of people in the world wear contact lenses.
3. After the 19th century, glasses had earpieces to hold them on.
2. Paragraph 5: To sum up, people may have used a hollow animal horn as an
early hearing aid.
3. Paragraph 6: In summation, since the 20th century, smaller electronic
devices have been developed to help people hear.



G
Answers will vary.

H
1. Society discriminates against people who are fat.
2. People who are colorblind usually cannot discriminate between red and
green.
3. It is against the law for employers to discriminate against someone because
of his race.
4. Immigrants often face discrimination in their new countries.
5. Movie actors wear contact lenses because studios discriminate against actors
who wear glasses.
6. I can’t discriminate between lemons and limes.

1. F 3. F 5. T 7. F
2. T 4. T 6. T 8. F

Apply A
1. Fact 3. Opinion 5. Fact
2. Opinion 4. Opinion

Apply B
She was very brave.

Apply C
Facts:
 Jesse’s arms were destroyed by a shock of electricity.
 Claudia read about Jesse’s bionic arm and wanted one, too.
Opinions:
 Jesse thinks his bionic arm was too expensive.
 A 12‐pound artificial arm would be better than the one that Claudia has.

A
1. Someone could drive him to work and help him get to his desk. Or he could
take a bus that accommodates wheelchairs.
2. She could listen to audio books. Or someone could read to her.


B
2. Our library confined its children’s books to a cozy corner.
3. The private school confined its student body to girls under 18.
4. This clothing store confined its merchandise to items under $20.
5. That auto repair shop confined its repairs to Japanese cars.
6. A local radio station confined its broadcasting to ten hours a day.
7. A new magazine confined its articles to 900 words.

C
C., p. 158
1. voluntary 4. required 7. required
2. voluntary 5. voluntary 8. voluntary
3. required 6. required

D
1. d 2. f 3. b 4. c 6. e

E
1. The biology lab technician was suspended for a week for being careless.
2. He suspended hot lamps too close to the dishes of bacteria we were studying.
3. We had to suspend our experiment until we could grow new bacteria.
4. The technician was not paid during the time he was suspended. OR
The technician's pay was suspended during the time he was not working.
5. When he returns, we’ll show him the proper way to suspend the lamps.

F
2. Food from the sea provides a small proportion of the total world food supply.
3. A significant proportion of the earth’s 7.0 billion people rely on fish as a
primary source of protein.
4. Ambition seems to coincide proportionally with middle‐class status.
5. Celebrities are narcissistic out of proportion to other people.
6. The number of boys with autism is disproportionate to the number of girls
who have it.
7. A disproportionate number of the world’s malaria deaths occur in sub‐
Saharan Africa.



8. The rainforest and the native people will disappear proportionally.
9. Hundreds of new gas stations were built along the highways, with a
proportional number of new fast‐food restaurants.
10. In 2008, McDonald’s owned a greater proportion of fast‐food franchises than
Burger King did.



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What are some of the vocabulary words introduced in the text and their meanings?

What are some of the vocabulary words introduced in the text and their meanings?

What are some examples of how the vocabulary words are used in sentences?

What are some examples of how the vocabulary words are used in sentences?

Inside

Unit 1: Riding through History

Unit 1 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 1

Unit 1 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 2

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 12–13

2. injure, action 6. primary, antonym

A the speed of the bicycle the size of the wheels

Unit 1 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 3

Unit 1 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 4

Unit 2: Fighting Diseases

Unit 2 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 5

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 23

Unit 2 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 6

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 24

Unit 2 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 7

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 30

Unit 2 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 8

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 32

Unit 2 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 9

1. sex, example 4. implicit, antonym

Unit 3 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 10

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 39

Unit 3 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 11

Reading Skill: Scanning p. 45

Unit 3 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 12

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 48

Unit 3 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 13

Unit 4: Identifying People

Unit 4 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 14

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 55

Unit 4 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 15

Unit 4 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 16

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 63

Unit 4 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 17

Unit 5: Success Story

1. dominant 4. coincided with 7. demonstrated

2. b. A teacher and a principal are colleagues.

Unit 5 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 18

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 71

Unit 5 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 19

Unit 5 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 20

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 77

Unit 5 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 21

Unit 6: Solving Crimes with Science

Unit 6 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 22

Unit 6 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 23

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 88

Unit 6 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 24

Paragraph 4: fingerprints, drops of blood, strands of hair, pieces of ripped cloth, or

Unit 6 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 25

Vocabulary Activities Step II: Sentence Level p. 95

Unit 6 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 26

Unit 7 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 27

Vocabulary Activities Step I: Word Level p. 103

Unit 7 © Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 28