Jainism and Buddhism
Jainism and Buddhism
Jainism and Buddhism
i) The Vinaya Pitaka ii)The Sutta Pitaka iii) The Abhidhamma Pitaka
3.State two important causes for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism.
Ans- i) Reaction against Ritualism
ii) Rigid Casts System
4. Who was Vardhamana Mahavira? Give the significance of the both parts of his name.
Ans - Mahavira was the twenty- fourth and the last of the tirthankaras. He made Jainism
popular and systematic. He is said to have been very brave and to have saved his colleagues
from dangers. For these deeds of bravery, he was called Mahavira. At the time of his birth, his
father’s kingdom was prosperous; so he was called Vardhamana.
5. List any four vows prescribed for the Jains.
Ans-The four Vows:
i) Ahimsa: non-violence.
ii) Asateya: not stealing
iii) Satya: not telling lie.
ii) Digambaras
9.List any two reasons for Jainism having few followers.
Ans.i)Jainism preached rigid austerity.
ii)During the Gupta period and later years, Hinduism once again became the popular. Therefore,
Jainism remained restricted to a few pockets in the country.
10 .Who was Gautam Buddha? Where was he born?
Ans- Gautama Buddha was the founder of Buddhism. He belonged to the Kshatriya clan of
Sakya. According to one legend he was born in 563 BC at Lumbini near Kapilavastu, in Nepal.
18.What were the features of Buddhism that attracted people towards it?
Ans-Stress on Morality, Universal brotherhood, Ahimsa and no faith in rituals and sacrifices
are the features of Buddhism that attracted people towards It.
19.Give two differences between Hinayana and Mahayana Buddhism.
Ans -
Hinayana Mahayana
1. They believe in original teaching of 1. They believe in heavenliness of
Buddha. Buddha.
2. They do not believe in idol worship. 2. They worship Buddha in the form of
idol.
Mahavira teaching were composed in Ardha- Magadhi and later compiled into 12 books
called Angas.
b) Tripitikas
Tripitikas are the most important literary works of the Buddhists. The word ‘Tripitikas’ means
‘Three Baskets’ of Buddhist canon.
i) The Vinaya Pitaka ii)The Sutta Pitaka
iii) The Abhidhamma Pitaka
c. Jatakas
The Jatakas are an important part of Buddhist literature. They tell the tales of Buddha in his
previous lives. The Jatakas are among the oldest stories in human history, dating to the time
of Buddha.
a)Give briefly the background of the socio-economic conditions in 6th century BC.
Ans. In the sixth century BC, the Aryan settlements expanded to the east, accompanied by
rapid socio-economic and political changes. Society, at some places had traits of tribal
political organisation while at some other places, kingdoms were on the rise.
b) What were the causes for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism?
Ans-During the time when Bhadrabahu took Jainism to Karnataka, there arose difference
between him and Sthulabhadra, who was based in Magadha. In the first jain council held
around 300 BC, these difference came to the surface. As a result, Jains were divided into two
groups.
3. With reference to Jainism answer the following questions:
i) Ahimsa: non-violence.
Jains view on Salvation- Like the Hindus, Jains believe in Moksha (salvation) or freedom
from the cycle of births and rebirths.
4. With reference to Buddhism, answer the following questions:
Ans. Gautam Buddha was the founder of Buddism. After leaving his home in search of truth
Gautama wandered from place to place. He practiced server penance and led a life of
extreme austerity. Finally at the age of thirty-five Gautama attained enlightenment at Bodh
Gaya in Bihar.
b) What is Known as Dharmachakrapravartana?
Ans- After the enlightenment he delivered his first sermon at the Deer Park in Sarnath near
Varanasi. This event is known as Dharma Chakra Pravartan or the turning of the wheel of
sacred law.
c) How did Buddha have a large following?
Ans. Through his simple teaching , no faith in rituals and sacrifices and universal brotherhood
Buddha had a large following.
5. With reference to the Buddhism answer the following questions:
a) Identify the two preachers, whose images are given. Name the religions founded by them.
Ans- i) Gautam Buddha
Religion founded by him Buddhism
ii) Vardhamana Mahavira
Religion founded by him Jainism
b) Mention three main teachings of each the two religions founded by these preachers.
Buddhism –
i) Four Noble Truths
Jainism-
i)The Five Vows
ii)Nine Truth
iii)Ahimsa
c) Mention any two similarities and two dissimilarities between the two religions founded by
them.