ESQ 04 Mechanics G Value, Projectiles
ESQ 04 Mechanics G Value, Projectiles
ESQ 04 Mechanics G Value, Projectiles
Date: ________________________
Time: 19 minutes
Marks: 16 marks
Comments:
(a) This photograph can be used to find a value for the acceleration due to gravity g.
(i) Take measurements from the diagram below that can be used to find an accurate
value for g.
(2)
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(2)
(b) Suggest why the duration of the flash of the strobe should be as short as possible.
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(1)
(a) The ball has a horizontal velocity of zero at A and reaches a constant horizontal velocity at
D as it leaves the racket. The ball travels a horizontal distance of 0.68 m between D and G.
(i) Show that the horizontal velocity of the ball between positions D and G in the diagram
above is about 45 m s–1.
(3)
(i) Show that the ball would fall to the ground in about 0.7 s.
(3)
(ii) Calculate the horizontal distance that the ball will travel after it leaves the racket
before hitting the ground. Assume that only gravity acts on the ball as it falls.
answer = ____________________ m
(2)
(iii) Explain why, in practice, the ball will not travel this far before hitting the ground.
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(2)
(Total 11 marks)
Alternatively allow a repeat measurement of the maximum distance for this mark. ✔
E.g. 1st to 4th image distance = 79 mm, 1st to 3rd image distance =
34 mm (allow ± 1mm on these values)
If a candidate measures distances which do not go back to the first
image the initial velocity, u, will not be zero. Use of the ‘suvat’
equations is then considerably more complicated. A mark can still
be awarded, provided the candidate illustrates how g can be
calculated or correctly calculates g from this value in (a)(ii).
If the printing process in your centre alters the scale of this
diagram, measure the values on your printed papers and mark
the scripts accordingly. (Send details to the moderator).
If the candidate is visually impaired and is using a modified
paper that alters the scale of this diagram, measure the values
on the printed paper and mark the script accordingly.
2
(ii) Evidence of correct number of time intervals to match the distance used.(e.g Using
distance from 1st to 5th marble with 4 time intervals, time = 0.174 s) ✔
(Allow also 918 or 920 cm s–2 and 9180 or 9200 mm s –2) Answer must have correct
unit ✔
Allow this mark based on a correct calculation from just one
measurement of distance in (a)(i)
No sf penalty
2
(ii) This proved to be much more difficult, and candidates had to compute the correct
time interval for the distance measured, and then use the correct formula. Only the
most able candidates were able to compute a correct value for g.
(b) Fewer than half of the candidates appreciated how the sharpness of the image would
depend on the duration of the flash.
In part (a) (i), most candidates quoted the equation and correctly calculated the time. The most
2 frequent misconception was the belief that a ‘suvat’ equation should be used even though the
velocity is constant.
The correct answer of 3000, or 3022, was accepted in part (a) (ii) and the majority successfully
produced this value.
In part (b) (i) most select and quoted the correct equation and showed the correct substitution.
Some lost the mark as they did not show the answer to more than one significant figure.
Part (b) (ii) was a very easy question for over 40% of candidates who understood that the
horizontal acceleration was zero. For these students, 45.3 × 0.685 = 31 gained two marks.
However, 13% did not attempt the question and another 40% misapplied a kinematics equation
to the situation often using 9.81 as the acceleration.
The vast majority of candidates identified air resistance as the key factor to part (b) (iii). However,
only 7% mention that horizontal deceleration is caused by air resistance.