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3 Operators

The document discusses different types of operators in Python including arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, assignment and special operators. It provides the syntax and meaning of each operator type and examples to demonstrate their usage. Key operator types covered include addition, subtraction, logical AND/OR, assignment, identity and membership.

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62 views

3 Operators

The document discusses different types of operators in Python including arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, assignment and special operators. It provides the syntax and meaning of each operator type and examples to demonstrate their usage. Key operator types covered include addition, subtraction, logical AND/OR, assignment, identity and membership.

Uploaded by

atozdhiyanes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Program

# This program adds two numbers

num1 = 1.5
num2 = 6.3

# Add two numbers


sum = num1 + num2

# Display the sum


print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, sum))
# Store input numbers
num1 = input('Enter first number: ')
num2 = input('Enter second number: ')

# Add two numbers


sum = float(num1) + float(num2)

# Display the sum


print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, sum))
Simple Swap

x=5
y = 10

x, y = y, x
print("x =", x)
print("y =", y)
Python Operators

In this tutorial, you'll learn everything about different types of operators in Python,
their syntax and how to use them with examples.

Video: Operators in Python

What are operators in python?

Operators are special symbols in Python that carry out arithmetic or logical
computation. The value that the operator operates on is called the operand.

For example:

>>> 2+3
5

Here, + is the operator that performs addition. 2 and 3 are the operands and 5 is the
output of the operation.

Arithmetic operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition,


subtraction, multiplication, etc.

Operator Meaning Example


+ Add two operands or unary plus x + y+ 2
- Subtract right operand from the left or unary minus x - y- 2
* Multiply two operands x*y
Divide left operand by the right one (always results
/ x/y
into float)
Modulus - remainder of the division of left operand x % y (remainder
%
by the right of x/y)
Floor division - division that results into whole
// x // y
number adjusted to the left in the number line
x**y (x to the
** Exponent - left operand raised to the power of right
power y)
Example 1: Arithmetic operators in Python

x = 15
y=4

# Output: x + y = 19
print('x + y =',x+y)

# Output: x - y = 11
print('x - y =',x-y)

# Output: x * y = 60
print('x * y =',x*y)

# Output: x / y = 3.75
print('x / y =',x/y)

# Output: x // y = 3
print('x // y =',x//y)

# Output: x ** y = 50625
print('x ** y =',x**y)

Output

x + y = 19
x - y = 11
x * y = 60
x / y = 3.75
x // y = 3
x ** y = 50625

Comparison operators

Comparison operators are used to compare values. It returns either True or False
according to the condition.

Operator Meaning Example


> Greater than - True if left operand is greater than the right x>y
< Less than - True if left operand is less than the right x<y
== Equal to - True if both operands are equal x == y
!= Not equal to - True if operands are not equal x != y
Greater than or equal to - True if left operand is greater than or
>= x >= y
equal to the right
Less than or equal to - True if left operand is less than or equal
<= x <= y
to the right

Example 2: Comparison operators in Python

x = 10
y = 12

# Output: x > y is False


print('x > y is',x>y)

# Output: x < y is True


print('x < y is',x<y)

# Output: x == y is False
print('x == y is',x==y)

# Output: x != y is True
print('x != y is',x!=y)

# Output: x >= y is False


print('x >= y is',x>=y)

# Output: x <= y is True


print('x <= y is',x<=y)

Output

x > y is False
x < y is True
x == y is False
x != y is True
x >= y is False
x <= y is True
Logical operators

Logical operators are the and, or, not operators.

Operator Meaning Example


and True if both the operands are true x and y
or True if either of the operands is true x or y
not True if operand is false (complements the operand) not x

Example 3: Logical Operators in Python

x = True
y = False

print('x and y is',x and y)

print('x or y is',x or y)

print('not x is',not x)

Output

x and y is False
x or y is True
not x is False

Here is the truth table for these operators.

Bitwise operators

Bitwise operators act on operands as if they were strings of binary digits. They
operate bit by bit, hence the name.

For example, 2 is 10 in binary and 7 is 111.

In the table below: Let x = 10 (0000 1010 in binary) and y = 4 (0000 0100 in
binary)

Operator Meaning Example


& Bitwise AND x & y = 0 (0000 0000)
| Bitwise OR x | y = 14 (0000 1110)
~ Bitwise NOT ~x = -11 (1111 0101)
^ Bitwise XOR x ^ y = 14 (0000 1110)
>> Bitwise right shift x >> 2 = 2 (0000 0010)
<< Bitwise left shift x << 2 = 40 (0010 1000)

Assignment operators

Assignment operators are used in Python to assign values to variables.

a = 5 is a simple assignment operator that assigns the value 5 on the right to the
variable a on the left.

There are various compound operators in Python like a += 5 that adds to the
variable and later assigns the same. It is equivalent to a = a + 5.

Operator Example Equivalent to


= x=5 x=5
+= x += 5 x = x + 5
-= x -= 5 x=x-5
*= x *= 5 x = x * 5
/= x /= 5 x=x/5
%= x %= 5 x = x % 5
//= x //= 5 x = x // 5
**= x **= 5 x = x ** 5
&= x &= 5 x = x & 5
|= x |= 5 x=x|5
^= x ^= 5 x = x ^ 5
>>= x >>= 5 x = x >> 5
<<= x <<= 5 x = x << 5

Special operators

Python language offers some special types of operators like the identity operator or
the membership operator. They are described below with examples.
Identity operators

is and is not are the identity operators in Python. They are used to check if two
values (or variables) are located on the same part of the memory. Two variables
that are equal does not imply that they are identical.

Operator Meaning Example


is True if the operands are identical (refer to the same object) x is True
True if the operands are not identical (do not refer to the x is not
is not
same object) True

Example 4: Identity operators in Python

x1 = 5
y1 = 5
x2 = 'Hello'
y2 = 'Hello'
x3 = [1,2,3]
y3 = [1,2,3]

# Output: False
print(x1 is not y1)

# Output: True
print(x2 is y2)

# Output: False
print(x3 is y3)

Output

False
True
False

Here, we see that x1 and y1 are integers of the same values, so they are equal as
well as identical. Same is the case with x2 and y2 (strings).

But x3 and y3 are lists. They are equal but not identical. It is because the interpreter
locates them separately in memory although they are equal.
Membership operators

in and not in are the membership operators in Python. They are used to test
whether a value or variable is found in a sequence (string, list, tuple, set and
dictionary).

In a dictionary we can only test for presence of key, not the value.

Operator Meaning Example


in True if value/variable is found in the sequence 5 in x
not in True if value/variable is not found in the sequence 5 not in x

Example #5: Membership operators in Python

x = 'Hello world'
y = {1:'a',2:'b'}

# Output: True
print('H' in x)

# Output: True
print('hello' not in x)

# Output: True
print(1 in y)

# Output: False
print('a' in y)

Output

True
True
True
False

Here, 'H' is in x but 'hello' is not present in x (remember, Python is case sensitive).
Similarly, 1 is key and 'a' is the value in dictionary y. Hence, 'a' in y returns False.
# Python Program to Calculate Profit or Loss

actual_cost = float(input(" Please Enter the Actual Product Price: "))


sale_amount = float(input(" Please Enter the Sales Amount: "))

if(actual_cost > sale_amount):


amount = actual_cost - sale_amount
print("Total Loss Amount = {0}".format(amount))
elif(sale_amount > actual_cost):
amount = sale_amount - actual_cost
print("Total Profit = {0}".format(amount))
else:
print("No Profit No Loss!!!")
# Python Program to Check Number is Divisible by 5 and 11

number = int(input(" Please Enter any Positive Integer : "))

if((number % 5 == 0) and (number % 11 == 0)):


print("Given Number {0} is Divisible by 5 and 11".format(number))
else:
print("Given Number {0} is Not Divisible by 5 and 11".format(number))
import math

number = float(input(" Please Enter any numeric Value : "))

squareRoot = math.pow(number, 0.5)

print("The Square Root of a Given Number {0} = {1}".format(number,


squareRoot))

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