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CDS Views With Association

This document provides steps to create associations in ABAP CDS views. Associations define relationships between CDS views, allowing order header and line item information to be retrieved together. First, CDS views are created to select data from database tables for order headers and items. Then an association is defined between the views on a common field, the sales order number. This allows fields from the associated view to be accessed in the SELECT. Cardinality and join type rules for associations are also outlined.

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613 views

CDS Views With Association

This document provides steps to create associations in ABAP CDS views. Associations define relationships between CDS views, allowing order header and line item information to be retrieved together. First, CDS views are created to select data from database tables for order headers and items. Then an association is defined between the views on a common field, the sales order number. This allows fields from the associated view to be accessed in the SELECT. Cardinality and join type rules for associations are also outlined.

Uploaded by

sekhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

How to create Associations in

ABAP CDS Views


This document is step by step guide on how to create associations in ABAP CDS
views.

Prerequisites
 Install ABAP Development Tools (Eclipse or HANA Studio)
 Create ABAP CDS View.

Step-by-step Procedure
Before starting our development lets understand about the background of
associations and its usability.

What is an Association?
Association is a relationship between two CDS views.

We will understand this definition by looking at an example. Let's say we have 2


CDS views, one: CDS View-1 which will retrieve the order header information and
two: CDS View-2 which will retrieve the order line item information.

By establishing the relationship between these 2 CDS views on a common


field/expression to get the order header and its line item information is defined
as association.
Let's start our development to understand even better

1. Create a CDS View to get the sales order header information from the
database table (VBAK). Below is the sample DDL code snippet for the
same.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_HDR'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Header Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

as select from vbak

vbeln,

erdat,

vbtyp,

auart,

vkorg,

vtweg,

spart,

netwr,

waerk

}
2. Create another CDS view to get the sales order item information from the
database table (VBAP). Below is the sample DDL code snippet for the same.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_ITM'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Item Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM

as select from vbap

vbeln,

posnr,

matnr,

zwert,

zmeng

the above CDS view seems to simple select from single table, let's make it
complex by adding JOINS to get more details.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_ITM'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Item Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM


as select from vbap

left outer join makt on vbap.matnr = makt.matnr

vbeln,

posnr,

vbap.matnr,

makt.maktx,

zwert,

zmeng

Association on ABAP CDS Views


Now let's create an association between these two CDS views. below is the
syntax for creating associations.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_HDR'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Header Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

as select from vbak

association to ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM as _OrderItems

on vbak.vbeln = _OrderItems.vbeln

{
key vbeln,

erdat,

vbtyp,

auart,

vkorg,

vtweg,

spart,

netwr,

waerk,

_OrderItems.matnr,

_OrderItems.maktx

}
Association syntax on another CDS view ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM based on the
VBELN (sales order number) field.

Fields from the association can be accessed in the SELECT list by prefixing them
with association name followed by period (.) _OrderItems.matnr

Association with cardinality


Now lets try to add the cardinality on the target cds view which is defined with
association with this syntax [min..max]

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_HDR'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Header Information'


define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

as select from vbak

association [1..*] to ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM as _OrderItems

on vbak.vbeln = _OrderItems.vbeln

key vbeln,

erdat,

vbtyp,

auart,

vkorg,

vtweg,

spart,

netwr,

waerk,

_OrderItems.matnr,

_OrderItems.maktx

}
Below are the rules for min and max values.

 max cannot be 0.
 An asterisk * for max means any number of rows.
 min can be omitted (set to 0 if omitted).
 min cannot be *.
 When an association is used in a WHERE condition, 1 must be specified
for max.
Association ON condition rules
When specifying the ON condition with association, following rules are applied.

 The fields specified in the ON condition should be included in the


SELECT list. In our example, the field VBELN is specified in ON condition
and SELECT list.
 The fields of source data source can be prefixed
with $projection instead of data source name.
 define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

 as select from vbak

 association [1..*] to ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM as


_OrderItems

 on $projection.vbeln = _OrderItems.vbeln

{ ..... }

 the fields of target data source should be prefixed with association


name. _OrderItems.vbeln

Data Preview
Right click on the DDL editor
Output data of the ABAP cds view will be displayed like below

Choose any one record and right click on it and choose Follow Association
List of associations will be displayed in a window like below, choose the relevant
association

Double click on the association to see the data


Association as join type
The association defined in an ABAP CDS view will be converted to join type at
run-time. By default, the join type is LEFT OUTER JOIN.

The below CDS view will result in LEFT OUTER JOIN when executed.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_HDR'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Header Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

as select from vbak

association [1..*] to ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM as _OrderItems

on $projection.vbeln = _OrderItems.vbeln

key vbeln,

erdat,

vbtyp,

auart,

netwr,

waerk,

_OrderItems.matnr

}
To achieve INNER JOIN, you need to define the attribute in the path expression
like below.
@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZV_ORD_HDR'

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #NOT_REQUIRED

@EndUserText.label: 'Order Header Information'

define view ZCDS_SALESORDER_HDR

as select from vbak

association [1..*] to ZCDS_SALESORDER_ITM as _OrderItems

on $projection.vbeln = _OrderItems.vbeln

key vbeln,

erdat,

vbtyp,

auart,

netwr,

waerk,

_OrderItems[inner].matnr

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