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Science
Quarter 1 – SLeM 4.2:
HIERARCHY OF COLORS IN RELATION
TO THE ENERGY OF VISIBLE LIGHT

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HOW TO USE THIS SleM

Before you start answering the SLeM, I want you to set aside other tasks that
will disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below
to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page
of this SLeM.
2. Write on your notebook or any writing pad the concepts about the lessons.
Writing enhances learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Write in your notebook the concepts that you learned. Writing enhances
learning and helps you keep in mind what is important.
4. Perform all the provided activities in the SleM.
5. Let your facilitator/ guardian assess your answers.
6. Analyse conceptually the post-test and apply what you have learned.
7. Enjoy studying!
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Maria Carmen V. Agus
Illustrator: Miron L. Maguigad
Format Evaluator: Aileen A. Francisco
Language Evaluator: Edita R. Gravador
Content Evaluator: Carlo Victorio L. Galag
Reviewer: Babie Noreen P. Clemente
Management Team:
School Head: Dr. Eladio H. Escolano
Department Chairman: Babie Noreen P. Clemente
Subject LR Coordinator: Heydee I. Añonuevo
School LR Coordinator: Maricel S. Oliva
School Assistant LR Coordinator: Jeweldine T. Baraquil

PARTS OF THIS SLEM

• Expectations- These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the SLeM.
• Pre-Test- This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back- This section will measure what learning and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities- These are activities designed to develop critical thinking and
other competencies. This can be done with or without a partner depending
on the nature of the activity.
• Remember- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Checking your Understanding- It will verify how you learned from the
lesson.
• Post-test- This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
SLeM.

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 If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that through this material you will experience meaningful learning and
gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it.
LESSON

Light
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Expectations
You will master the hierarchy of colors in relation to the energy of
visible light. MELC: Explain the hierarchy of colors in relation to the energy
of visible light. (S8FE-lf-27)

Specifically, this SLeM will help you to:

1. explain how visible light separate into colors as it passes through a prism;
2. differentiate the color spectrum in terms of wavelength, frequency and
energy;
3. relate wavelength, frequency, velocity of colors to energy that it carries;
4. explain the hierarchy of colors in relation to energy; 5. explain natural
phenomena related to refraction of light.

Pre-Test
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. It is the principle behind the splitting of white light through a prism into a
spectrum of colors.
A. reflection
B. dispersion
C. refraction
D. absorption

2. High frequency waves have ___________ wavelength.

A. low
B. high
C. the same
D. varying

3. Wavelength is inversely proportional to _________________.

A. energy and velocity
B. frequency and velocity

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 C. energy and frequency
D. frequency only

4. Which description does NOT describe the comparison: Orange has

___________ than Green.
A. longer wavelength
B. higher frequency
C. less energy
D. the same velocity

5. Arrange the colors of visible light in order of more energy to less energy.
A. violet, blue, green, orange, yellow, red
B. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet
C. red, yellow, green, orange, violet, blue
D. Blue, violet, green, yellow, orange, red

Looking Back
In the previous module you have learned about the propagation of sound.
You became informed of the wave descriptions and characteristics of sound. You
become acquainted with the reflection and refraction properties of waves. You
also determined through which medium sound traveled the fastest and how the
temperature of the medium affect the speed of sound. Can you still recall the
different concepts you learned? To stimulate your mind, read and carefully fill in
the blanks with the correct answer. Use the word bank to complete the paragraph
below.
Word Bank
gases lower energy medium solids
higher vacuum liquids vibration inversely frequency
mechanical wavelength compression rarefactions longitudinal
temperature
Sound is produced through the 1.__________ of particles of matter. Sound needs
a 2.__________ in order to propagate. So sound is considered as 3. __________
wave. Mechanical waves are disturbances that travel along a medium which
carries 4.__________. Sound waves do not travel in a 5._________. Sound waves
are classified as 6._________ waves. This kind of wave is composed of a series of
particles that are closer together called 7._________ and particles that are farther
apart called 8.________. The speed of sound depends on two factors - 9._________
and 10._________. The relationship between these two factors is11.
_________proportional. Sound travels fastest in 12._________, then in
13._________, then in 14._________. 15._________ affects the speed of sound. It
travels slower in 16. _________temperature and tends to travel faster in 17.
_________ temperature.

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 Brief Introduction
Have you ever wondered how rainbows are
formed? What is the reason for the changing
color of the sky during sunrise, noontime and sunset?

These natural phenomena can be explained by

refraction of light. Refractions of light refers to the
bending of light as it travels from one medium to another
at different densities. Light can travel in air, water or
glass.
https://www.pikist.com/free-photo-vybaq

These media have different densities. In the picture to the left, it appears that the
pencil is bent when seen from the side of a glass of water. The bending of the
pencil is due to the changing speed of light as it passes from air to water. The
speed of light slows down as it passes through the particles of water from air.
Visible light, also known as white light, is the portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can detect. A prism, a transparent
solid material usually with a triangular base, can separate white light into its
constituent bands of colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.

As white light hits the prism, the

ray of light bends and splits into
different colors. This process is called
dispersion. Dispersion happens
because each color corresponds to a
different wavelength, or the distance
between corresponding points on
subsequent waves, and each
wavelength is refracted at a different
angle. In sound, when sound waves
have different wavelengths it would
result in different pitches. In light, the difference
in wavelengths would give different https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prism-rainbow.svg
colors.

In vacuum or empty space, each color of light travels at the same speed. However,
in a glass prism, different colors of light travel at different speeds. Colors with
longer wavelength travel faster than in color with shorter wavelength. Because
the colors of light travel at different speeds, they get bent. Colors with longer
wavelength bent the least while colors with shorter wavelength bent the most.

The wavelength and frequency of light are relatively associated. The frequency
of each component of white light depends on its wavelength. Frequency refers to
the number of complete wavelengths that pass a fixed point in a given time. The
longer the wavelength of the color of light, the lower its frequency. The shorter
the wavelength of the color of light, the higher the frequency. It is measured in
Hertz. Waves carry energy. Since visible light travels as a wave, it carries energy.
The frequency of the color of light is connected to its energy. The color of light
with higher frequency has more energy. The lower the frequency of the color of
light, the lesser the energy it carries. The amount of energy in these waves can

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be computed using the equation: E = hf , where E is energy in joules (J), h is
Planck's constant which is 6.62610-34 J/s, and is the frequency of waves in Hz.
The wavelength, frequency and energy of visible light are all related. The
longer the wave, the lower the frequency is and the lesser the energy. The shorter
the wave, the higher the frequency and the greater the energy.

Electromagnetic
spectrum

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EM_spectrumrevised.png

Shortest wavelength ------------------------------------------> Longest

wavelength
Highest frequency ------------------------------------------> Lowest
frequency
Highest energy ------------------------------------------> Lowest energy

In our atmosphere, there are dust particles or molecules that scatter sunlight in
all directions. The wavelength of light controls the scattering of the light. The sky
looks blue during noontime because most of the blue light of shorter wavelength
in sunlight is scattered and reflected to earth. At sunset, the light travels longer
distances with more air and dust in the atmosphere. Thus, most of the blue light
is absorbed before it reaches the human eye. Hence, red light which has a longer
wavelength is the most prevailing color left when the light from the sun reaches
the human eye.

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 Activities
Activity 1. Describe My Color
Directions: In this activity you will answer questions about wavelength, frequency
and energy of visible light. Use the table below to answer the guide questions
below.

1. Which color recorded the highest frequency? shortest wavelength?

2. Which color recorded the lowest frequency? longest wavelength?
3. How does wavelength affect the frequency of each color of light?
4. Describe the frequencies of the colors of light from Red to Violet?
5. Describe the corresponding energies from Red to Violet?

Activity 2. Chronological Order of Colors

Directions: In this activity you will arrange the colors in the color spectrum in
increasing pattern in terms of wavelength and frequency. Complete the table
below. Use the table above as the basis for your answer. Compare the values from
least to greatest by writing numbers 1 to 6.

visible light increasing increasing increasing energy

wavelength frequency

red 1

blue

green

violet 1 6

yellow

orange

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Activity 3. Comparison of Colors
Directions: In this activity you will compare the given colors of light in terms of
wavelength, velocity, frequency and energy. Encircle your answer.

visible wavelength velocity frequency energy visible light

light

Red has longer is faster has higher has more than Blue
has shorter Is slower has lesser has less

Violet has longer is faster has higher has more than Red
has shorter Is slower has lesser has less

Yellow has longer is faster has higher has more than Green
has shorter Is slower has lesser has less

Blue has longer is faster has higher has more than Orange
has shorter Is slower has lesser has less

Green has has longer is faster has higher has more than Violet
has shorter Is slower has lesser has less

Remember

● Visible light is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that the human
eyes can see.
● Dispersion is the splitting of visible light into bands of different colors.
● Visible light is composed of several spectral colors with different
frequencies and wavelengths. As it enters and leaves a prism, the colors
separate revealing the colors known to us as rainbow colors.
● In prism, colors with longer wavelength travel faster than in color with
shorter wavelength.
● The longer the wave, the lower the frequency is and less energy. The shorter
the wave, the higher the frequency and the greater the energy.

Checking Your Understanding

1. Why does white light split into different colors as it passes through a prism?
2. How are colors of light arranged in relation to energy?
3. How are frequency and wavelength related to energy of colors of light?

Post-Test
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which pair of colors corresponds to the most bent and least bent color in
the spectrum?

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 A. red, violet
B. blue, orange
C. violet, red
D. yellow, green

2. Which description does NOT describe the comparison: Blue has___than

Yellow.
A. shorter wavelength
B. higher frequency
C. less energy
D. the same velocity

3. High frequency waves have ___________ energy.

A. low
B. high
C. the same
D. varying

4. Energy is inversely proportional to __________and directly proportional to

________.
A. wavelength, velocity
B. frequency, velocity
C. wavelength, frequency
D. frequency only

5. Arrange the colors of visible light in order of less energy to more energy
A. violet, blue, green, orange, yellow, red
B. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet C. red, yellow, green,
orange, violet, blue
D. blue, violet, green, yellow, orange, red

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References:

Retrieved from https://www.pikist.com/free-photo-vybaq, August 7, 2020.

Retrieved from https://wonders.physics.wisc.edu/prisms/, August 7, 2020.
Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prism-rainbow.svg, August 7, 2020.
Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EM_spectrumrevised.png, August 7,
2020. https://byjus.com/physics/refraction-and-dispersion-of-light-through-a-prism/, August 7,
Retrieved from 2020.
Retrievedhttps://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/physics-terms/frequency-
wavelengthlight.htm, August 7, 2020.

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