Balanced Chemical Equations Chemistry Questions with Solutions

Q1. A balanced chemical equation is in accordance with-

a) Multiple proportion
b) Reciprocal proportion
c) Conservation of mass
d) Definite proportions

Correct Answer: (c) Law of Conservation of Mass

Q2. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __C2H6O + __O2 → __CO2 + __H2O is-

a) 2C2H6O + O2 → CO2 + H2O

b) C2H6O + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
c) C2H6O + 2O2 → 3CO2 + 3H2O
d) 2C2H6O + O2 → 2CO2 + H2O

Correct Answer: (b) C2H6O + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

Q3. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __KNO3 + __H2CO3 → __K2CO3 + __HNO3 is-

a) 2KNO3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

b) 2KNO3 + 2H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3
c) KNO3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3
d) 2KNO3 + 2H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 3HNO3

Correct Answer: (a) 2KNO 3 + H2CO3 → K2CO3 + 2HNO3

Q4. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __CaCl2 + __Na3PO4 → __ Ca3(PO4)2 + __ NaCl
is-

a) 2CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → 2Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl

b) CaCl2 + Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl
c) 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl
d) 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 3NaCl

Correct Answer- (c) 3CaCl2 + 2Na3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl

Q5. The correct balanced equation for the reaction __TiCl4 + __H2O → __TiO2 + __HCl is-

a) TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 +2HCl

b) TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl
 c) 2TiCl4 + H2O → 2TiO2 + HCl
d) TiCl4 + 4H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl

Correct Answer- (b) TiCl4 + 2H2O → TiO2 + 4HCl

Q6. Write a balanced equation for the reaction of molecular nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2) to
form dinitrogen pentoxide.

Answer. The equation for the reaction is-

N2 + O2 → N2O5 (unbalanced equation)
The balanced chemical equation is-
2N2 + 5O2 → 2N2O5

Q7. On what basis is a chemical equation balanced?

Answer. A chemical equation is balanced using the law of conservation of mass, which states that "matter
cannot be created nor destroyed."

Q8. What is the balanced equation for the reaction of photosynthesis?

Answer. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of photosynthesis is-
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Q9. We must solve a skeletal chemical equation." Give a reason to justify the statement.

Answer. Skeletal chemical equations are unbalanced. Due to the law of conservation of mass, we must
balance the chemical equation. It states that 'matter cannot be created or destroyed.' As a result, each
chemical reaction must have a balanced chemical equation.

Q10. What does it mean to say an equation is balanced? Why is it important for an equation to
be balanced?

Answer. The chemical equation must be balanced in order to obey the law of conservation of mass. A
chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of different atoms of elements in the
reactants side equals the number of atoms in the products side. Balancing chemical equations is a
trial-and-error process.

Q11. What is meant by the skeletal type chemical equation? What does it represent? Using the
equation for electrolytic decomposition of water, differentiate between a skeletal chemical
equation and a balanced chemical equation.

Answer. Skeletal equations are those in which formulas are used to indicate the chemicals involved in
a chemical reaction.
The law of conservation of mass does not apply to skeletal equations.

The chemical formulas are represented by balanced chemical equations, which follow the law of
conservation of mass, which states that the atoms on the reactant and product sides are the same.
H2O → H2 + O2 : Skeletal equation
2H2O → 2H2 + O2 : Balanced chemical equation

Q12. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction:
a) Phosphorus burns in presence of chlorine to form phosphorus pentachloride.
b) Burning of natural gas.
c) The process of respiration.

Answer.
a) P4 + 10Cl2 → 4PCl5
b) CH4 +2O2 → CO2 +2H2O + heat energy
c) C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O → 6CO2 + 12H2O + energy

Q13. What Is the Distinction Between a Balanced Equation and a Skeleton Equation?

Answer. The primary distinction between a balanced equation and a skeleton equation is that the
balanced equation provides the actual number of molecules of each reactant and product involved in
the chemical reaction, whereas a skeleton equation only provides the reactants. Furthermore, a
balanced equation may or may not contain stoichiometric coefficients, whereas a skeleton equation
does not.

Q14. Balance the equations

a) HNO +Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
b) NaCl + AgNO 3 → AgCl + NaNO 3
c) BaCl2 +H2SO4 → BaSO4 +HCl

Answer. The balanced chemical equation for the reactions are as follows-
a) 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
b) NaCl + AgNO 3 → AgCl + NaNO 3
c) BaCl2 +H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

Q15. Write a balanced molecular equation describing each of the following chemical reactions.
a) Solid calcium carbonate is heated and decomposes to solid calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
gas.
b) Gaseous butane, C4H10, reacts with diatomic oxygen gas to yield gaseous carbon dioxide and
water vapour.
 c) Aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride and sodium hydroxide react to produce solid
magnesium hydroxide and aqueous sodium chloride.
d) Water vapour reacts with sodium metal to produce solid sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Answer.
a) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
On heating, 1 mol of solid calcium carbonate yields 1 mol of calcium oxide and 1 mol of carbon
dioxide gas.
b) 2C4H10 +13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O
When 2 moles of butane gas react with 13 moles of diatomic oxygen gas, 8 moles of carbon
dioxide gas and 10 moles of water vapours are produced.
c) MgCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Mg(OH)2
1 mol magnesium Cordelia reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide to produce two moles of
aqueous sodium chloride solution and one mole of solid magnesium hydroxide.
d) 2H2O + 2Na → 2NaOH + H2
2 moles of water vapour react with 2 moles of sodium metal, yielding 2 moles of solid sodium
hydroxide and 1 mol of hydrogen gas.

Practise Questions on Balanced Chemical Equations

Balance the following equations-

1. (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) → Cr2O3 (s) + N2 (g) + H2O(g)

Solution:

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

N 2 2

H 8 2

Cr 2 2

O 7 4

Step 1: Put 4 in front of H2O on the right side.

(NH4)2Cr2O7(s) → Cr2O3 (s) + N2 (g) + 4H2O(g)

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side
 N 2 2

H 8 8

Cr 2 2

O 7 7

Since the number of atoms on both the sides are equal. Hence the equation os balanced.
Therefore, the balanced equation is (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) → Cr2O3 (s) + N2 (g) + 4H2O(g)

2. Ca(OH)2 + H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O

Solution:

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Ca 1 3

O 6 9

H 5 2

P 1 2

Step 1: Put a 3 in front of the Ca(OH)2 on the left side.

3Ca(OH)2 + H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Ca 3 3

O 10 9

H 9 2

P 1 2

Step 2: Put a 2 in front of the H3PO4 on the left side.

3Ca(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O
 Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product
Side Side

Ca 3 3

O 14 9

H 12 2

P 2 2

Step 3: Put a 6 in front of the H2O on the right side.

3Ca(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Ca 3 3

O 14 14

H 12 12

P 2 2

Since the number of atoms on both the sides are equal. Hence the equation os balanced.
Therefore, the balanced equation is 3Ca(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O.

3. FeCl3 + NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + NH4Cl

Solution:

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Fe 1 1

Cl 3 1

N 1 1

H 5 7

O 1 3

Step 1: Put a 3 in front of the NH4Cl on the right side.

FeCl3 + NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Fe 1 1

Cl 3 3

N 1 3

H 5 15

O 1 3

Step 2: Put a 3 in front of the NH4OH on the left.

FeCl3 + 3NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Fe 1 1

Cl 3 3

N 3 3

H 15 15

O 3 3

Since the number of atoms on both the sides are equal. Hence the equation os balanced.
Therefore, the balanced equation is FeCl3 + 3NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl.

4. Al 2(CO3)3 + H3PO4 → AlPO 4 + CO2 + H2O

Solution:
Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product
Side Side

Al 2 1

C 3 1

O 13 7
 H 3 2

P 1 1

Step 1: Put 2 in front of AlPO 4 on the left side.

Al2(CO3)3 + H3PO4 → 2AlPO4 + CO2 + H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Al 2 2

C 3 1

O 13 11

H 3 2

P 1 2

Step 2: Put 2 in front of H3PO4 on the right side.

Al2(CO3)3 + 2H3PO4 → 2AlPO4 + CO2 + H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Al 2 2

C 3 1

O 17 11

H 6 2

P 2 2

Step 3: Put 3 in front of CO2 on the left.

Al2(CO3)3 + 2H3PO4 → 2AlPO4 + 3CO2 + H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Al 2 2

C 3 3
 O 17 15

H 6 2

P 2 2

Step 4: Put 3 in front of the H2O on the right.

Al2(CO3)3 + 2H3PO4 → 2AlPO4 + 3CO2 + 3H2O

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

Al 2 2

C 3 3

O 17 17

H 6 6

P 2 2

Since the number of atoms on both the sides are equal. Hence the equation os balanced.
Therefore, the balanced equation is Al 2(CO3)3 + 2H3PO4 → 2AlPO4 + 3CO2 + 3H2O.

5. S8 + F2 → SF6

Solution:

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

S 8 1

F 2 6

Step 1: Put an 8 in front of the SF6

S8 + F2 → 8SF6

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

S 8 8
 F 2 48

Step 2: Put a 24 in front of the F2 on the left.

S8 + 24F2 → 8SF6

Elements Number of atoms on Reactant Number of atoms on Product

Side Side

S 8 8

F 48 48

Since the number of atoms on both sides are equal. Hence the equation os balanced.
Therefore, the balanced equation is S8 + 24F2 → 8SF6.