How Our Sweet Tooth Is Hurting Us
How Our Sweet Tooth Is Hurting Us
How Our Sweet Tooth Is Hurting Us
Over the last three centuries, the amount of sugar in the Western diet has continued to rise. Back
at the start of the 18th century, a typical English family consumed less than 2 kg of sugar per
year. By the end of that century, that amount had risen 400%. Compare that to the 40 kg that
people now consume annually in the USA. In Germany, the second-most sugar-loving nation in
the world, people eat roughly 103 grams on average per day. In the Netherlands, the country with
the third-biggest sweet tooth, people eat 102.5 grams. Of course, there are some countries in the
world where sweet food is less popular: in India, people eat only about 5 grams per day on
average; in Indonesia, it’s 14.5 grams; and in China, it’s just under 16 grams. If you’re not sure
what 40 kg looks like, it means that the average person in the USA now eats approximately 22
teaspoons of sugar a day. The recommended limit, suggested by researchers from the World
Health Organisation, is no more than 8 if you want to stay healthy, but just one can of soda
contains around 10.
It is common knowledge that many drinks, in bottles or canned, contain a lot of sugar. Although
advertisements say that they are ‘energy-giving’, professional athletes and sportsmen and women
usually stay away from them. It is teenagers that are their greatest consumers. And – although
advertisers promise that these drinks will make people feel energetic and active – because of the
type of chemicals they have, once a person has drunk all the soda, they simply feel hungry
instead. However, sugar is also in products that many shoppers find surprising, for example,
cereal, which actually has a lot. Because they believe it is a healthy kind of food, parents buy it
for their children’s breakfast.
A large part of the problem, according to nutritionists, is that people find it hard to understand
the labels on the back of food products. Nutritionists think this should be a lot easier for them.
But at the moment, manufacturers don’t have to write ‘sugar’ on them, but can use words like
‘corn syrup’ or ‘dextran’, which can result in confusion for consumers. But why should we be
worried about our sugar consumption? Firstly, it is harmful to young children because it causes
tooth decay; the pain from this can mean that children don’t get the amount of sleep they need.
As a result, they can’t concentrate when they are in class. In this case, schools and governments
have a duty to educate them about good and bad food choices. For adults, the problems increase.
Eating too much sugar makes people quickly gain weight, it affects the heart and liver, and can
lead to diabetes.
Answer the questions. Choose ONE WORD OR A NUMBER from the passage
for each answer.