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Chapter 3 PERSONALITY

This document provides an overview of personality and the factors that influence individual behavior. It discusses how personality is shaped by both individual characteristics like skills, abilities, traits, and perceptions as well as environmental factors like organizations, work groups, and jobs. Several personality theories are examined including trait theory, psychodynamic theory, humanistic theory, and the integrative approach. Key personality characteristics like the big five traits, locus of control, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-monitoring, and affect are defined. The document also explores how personality is measured and provides details on the widely used Myers-Briggs Type Indicator assessment.

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vignesh
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126 views

Chapter 3 PERSONALITY

This document provides an overview of personality and the factors that influence individual behavior. It discusses how personality is shaped by both individual characteristics like skills, abilities, traits, and perceptions as well as environmental factors like organizations, work groups, and jobs. Several personality theories are examined including trait theory, psychodynamic theory, humanistic theory, and the integrative approach. Key personality characteristics like the big five traits, locus of control, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-monitoring, and affect are defined. The document also explores how personality is measured and provides details on the widely used Myers-Briggs Type Indicator assessment.

Uploaded by

vignesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Executive Post Graduate Diploma in Management

Term : 1

Subject:OBHRM

FACULTY: DR. RAMESH M SWAMY


Alliance University: Executive PGDM
Chapter 3
Personality,

Dr. Ramesh M Swamy


Variables Influencing
Individual Behavior
The Person
• skills & abilities
• personality
• perception
• attribution
• attitudes
• values
• ethics
Variables Influencing
Individual Behavior
The Person
• skills & abilities The Environment
• personality • organization
• perception • work group
• attribution • job
• attitudes • personal life
• values
• ethics
Variables Influencing
Individual Behavior
The Person
• skills & abilities The Environment
• personality • organization
• perception • work group
• attribution • job
• attitudes • personal life
• values
• ethics

Behavior
Interactional Psychology
Approach
The Person
• skills & abilities The Environment
• personality • organization
• perception • work group
• attribution • job
• attitudes • personal life
• values
• ethics

Behavior

B = f(P,E)
Definition of Personality

Personality - A relatively stable set of


characteristics that influences an
individual’s behavior
Personality Theories

Trait Theory - understand individuals by breaking


down behavior patterns into observable traits
Psychodynamic Theory - emphasizes the
unconscious determinants of behavior
Humanistic Theory - emphasizes individual
growth and improvement
Integrative Approach - describes personality as
a composite of an individual’s psychological
processes
Big Five Personality Traits

Extraversion Gregarious, assertive,


sociable
Agreeableness Cooperative, warm,
agreeable
Conscientiousness Hardworking, organized,
dependable
Emotional stability Calm, self-confidant,
cool
Openness to Creative, curious,
Experience cultured

Sources: P.T. Costa and R. R. McCrae, The NEO_PI Personality Inventory (Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment
Resources, 1992) and J.F. Salgado, “The Five Factor Model of Personality and Job Performance in the European
Community,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (1997): 30-43.)
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
Locus of Control
Internal External
People and
I control what
circumstances control
happens to me!
my fate!
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
Self-Efficacy - belief and expectations about one’s
ability to accomplish a specific task effectively
Sources of self-efficacy
 Prior experiences
 Behavior models (observing success)
 Persuasion
 Assessment of current physical & emotional
capabilities
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
Self - Esteem
Feelings of Self Worth

Success tends Failure tends


to increase to decrease
self-esteem self-esteem
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
Self - Monitoring
Behavior based on cues from people & situations
 High self monitors  Low self monitors
 flexible: adjust  act from internal
behavior according states rather than
from situational cues
to the situation and
the behavior of  show consistency
others  less likely to respond
 can appear to work group norms
or supervisory
unpredictable & feedback
inconsistent
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
Positive Affect - An individual’s
tendency to accentuate the
positive aspects of oneself, other
people, and the world in general
Negative Affect - An individual’s
tendency to accentuate the
negative aspects of oneself, other
people, and the world in general
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations
A strong
situation can
overwhelm the effects
of individual personalities
by providing strong cues
for appropriate
behavior
Personality Characteristics
in Organizations

Strong
personalities
will dominate
in a weak
situation
How is Personality Measured?

Projective Test - elicits an individual’s response to


abstract stimuli
Behavioral Measures - personality assessments that
involve observing an individual’s behavior in a
controlled situation
Self-Report Questionnaire - assessment involving an
individual’s responses to questions
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) - instrument
measuring Jung’s theory of individual differences.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

 Based on Carl Jung’s work


 People are fundamentally different
 People are fundamentally alike
 People have preference combinations for
extraversion/introversion, perception,
judgment
 Briggs& Myers developed the MBTI to
understand individual differences
MBTI Preferences

Preferences Represents

Extraversion Introversion How one


re-energizes
Sensing Intuiting How one gathers
information
Thinking Feeling How one makes
decisions
Judging Perceiving How one orients to the
outer world
CASE STUDY DISCUSSED

1.Ela R Bhatt –The Gentle Revolutinary


2. Not your Stereotypical CEO

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