Week 2

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PTK1072

WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES

CLAUSES
• Clauses are the building blocks of sentences.
• A clause is a group of words that contains (at least) a subject and a
verb.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
• There are two kinds of clauses: independent and dependent.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
• There are two kinds of clauses: independent and dependent.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Clause Connectors (Three groups of words are used to connect
clauses in order to form different kinds of sentences).
• Subordinators (subordinating conjunctions),
• Coordinators (coordinating conjunctions), and
• Conjunctive adverbs.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Clause Connectors (Three groups of words are used to connect clauses in order
to form different kinds of sentences).
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Clause Connectors (Three groups of words are used to connect clauses in order
to form different kinds of sentences).
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Kinds of Sentences
• A sentence expresses a complete thought.
• There are four kinds of sentences in English:
• simple sentences,
• compound sentences,
• complex sentences, and c
• compound-complex sentences.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Complement
WEEK 2: TYPES OF
SENTENCES
Subject-Verb Agreement

Sometimes students make mistakes in subject that begins with a preposition and ends with a pronoun, noun, or noun phrase.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES

Prepositional Phrases is a group of words that begins with a preposition


and ends with a pronoun, noun, or noun phrase.
• Prepositional phrase express time, place, possession, and some other
things.
• A prepositional phrase usually tells where, when, how, why, or whose.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Prepositional Phrases
• A prepositional phrase may come after the subject
of a sentence, but it is not part of the subject.
• Therefore, you should ignore 1 it most of the time
when you are trying to decide which verb form to
use.

One (of my sisters) is also a singer


(The subject is one, which is singular)
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Singular subjects

D
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Plural
Subjects
Unfortunately, telling a singular subject from a plural subject isn’t always easy. A few can be either singular or
plural. In these cases, you must refer to the noun in the prepositional phrase.

D
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentences
• Two or more independent clauses joined together.
• There are three ways to join the clauses:
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentence
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentence
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Complex Sentence
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Complex Sentence
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound-Complex Sentence
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentences (Coordination)
vs
Complex Sentences (Subordination)

• Good writing requires a mixture of all four kinds of sentences: simple, compound,
complex, and compound-complex.
• A composition with only short, simple sentences is boring and ineffective, as is
writing that uses too many compound sentences.
• Writing with complex sentences and participial phrases, structures that use
subordination, is generally considered more mature, interesting, and effective in
style.
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentences (Coordination) vs Complex Sentences (Subordination)
WEEK 2: TYPES OF SENTENCES
Compound Sentences (Coordination) vs Complex Sentences (Subordination)

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