the

coin Bible
It’s the 21st Century and the dawn of a new era of trading. But is your portfolio still partying like it’s 1999?
Digital assets can help diversify, expand, or even hedge your current portfolio, but how much do you know
about the new crop of coins that have hit the market? Here’s our quick get-started guide to learning the
basics of the cryptocurrencies now offered on tastyworks. Find out which ones are right for you and your
portfolio. And of course, if you have any questions our trade desk is ready to help. Happy trading!

TASTYWORKS, INC. IS A MEMBER OF NFA AND IS SUBJECT TO

NFA’S REGULATORY OVERSIGHT AND EXAMINATIONS. HOWEVER,
YOU SHOULD BE AWARE THAT NFA DOES NOT HAVE REGULATORY
OVERSIGHT AUTHORITY OVER UNDERLYING OR SPOT VIRTUAL
CURRENCY PRODUCTS OR TRANSACTIONS OR VIRTUAL CURRENCY
EXCHANGES, CUSTODIANS OR MARKETS.

tastyworks, Inc. provides its brokerage customers with access to

cryptocurrency trading with Zero Hash Liquidity Services LLC, MSB #
31000181510564, and Zero Hash LLC, NMLS # 169937. tastyworks,
Inc. is a separate company and is not an affiliate company of Zero Hash
Liquidity Services LLC or Zero Hash LLC. Cryptocurrency accounts are
not protected by SIPC coverage. Cryptocurrencies are not covered by the
FDIC, which covers fiat currency. Cryptocurrency trading is not suitable for
all investors due to the number of risks involved, including volatile market
prices, illiquid market conditions, lack of regulatory oversight, market
manipulation, and other risks. You are solely responsible for evaluating
your financial circumstances and determining whether or not trading
cryptocurrencies is appropriate for you.
the
coin Bible
TABLE OF CONTENTS

p.3 BITCOIN (BTC)

LITECOIN (LTC)
BITCOIN CASH (BCH)
ENJIN COIN (ENJ)

p4. ETHEREUM (ETH)

BASIC ATTENTION TOKEN (BAT)
PAX GOLD (PAXG)

p5. CHAINLINK (LINK)

OMG NETWORK (OMG)
0z (ZRX)

p6. MAKER (MKR)

KYBER (KNC)
SHIBA INU (SHIB)

p7. STELLAR (XLM)

EOS.IO (EOS)
POLKADOT (DOT)

p.8. ELROND (EGLD)

AAVE (AAVE)
COMPOUND (COMP)

p.9 DOGECOIN (DOGE)

UNISWAP (UNI)
CARDANO (ADA)
BITCOIN (BTC) LITECOIN (LTC) BITCOIN CASH (BCH) ENJIN COIN (ENJ)

BITCOIN (BTC)
Introduced in 2009
Created by Satoshi Nakamoto

The world’s first successful cryptocurrency. Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that you can buy, sell
and exchange directly, without an intermediary like a bank. There is a finite supply, only 21 million bitcoins
can be produced. The Bitcoin blockchain is a full record of the network’s history validated by individuals
running the Bitcoin software (nodes). This ensures that unlike most digital data, which can be freely copied
and modified, bitcoins cannot be. Because bitcoins are scarce, divisible and transferable, bitcoins are used
as money.

LITECOIN (LTC)
Introduced in 2011
Created by Charlie Lee

Litecoin can produce a greater number of coins than Bitcoin and its transaction speed is faster. Was
intended to be a “light version of Bitcoin.” Litecoin distribution can accommodate 84 million coins compared
to Bitcoin’s 21 million. Litecoin was founded with the goal of prioritizing transaction speed, and that has
proven an advantage as it has grown in popularity. As of March 2021, the total value of all bitcoins in
circulation is around $1 trillion, making its market cap more than 70 times larger than Litecoin, which has a
total value of $13.7 billion.

BITCOIN CASH (BCH)

Established by miners in 2017

Bitcoin Cash was started by bitcoin miners and developers concerned with the future of the cryptocurrency
and its ability to scale effectively. In August 2017, some miners and developers initiated what is known as a
hard fork, effectively creating a new currency: BCH. BCH has its own blockchain and specifications, including
one very important distinction from bitcoin. BCH has implemented an increased block size to accelerate
the verification process, with an adjustable level of difficulty to ensure the chain’s survival and transaction
verification speed, regardless of the number of miners supporting it. Bitcoin Cash is thus able to process
transactions faster than the Bitcoin network, meaning that wait times are shorter and transaction processing
fees tend to be lower.

ENJIN COIN (ENJ)

Introduced in 2018
Created by Enjin co-founders Maxim Blagov and Witek Radomski

ENJ is an Ethereum token that aims to “make it easy for individuals, businesses, and brands to use non-
fungible tokens (NFTs).” ENJ is used to directly back the value of NFTs minted within the Enjin ecosystem.
It was the first gaming cryptocurrency to be whitelisted for use in Japan. Enjin’s platform is designed to
tokenize in-game items, trade among players, and more.
p.3
ETHEREUM (ETH) BASIC ATTENTION TOKEN (BAT) PAX GOLD (PAXG)

ETHEREUM (ETH)
Launched in 2015. Created by Vitalik Buterin

The decentralized Ethereum network makes it possible to create and run applications, smart contracts
and other transactions on the network. Ethereum is different from Bitcoin in that the network can perform
computations as part of the mining process. You can use Ether as a digital currency in financial transactions,
as an investment, or as a store of value. Ethereum is the blockchain network on which Ether is held and
exchanged. Perhaps one of the most intriguing use cases involving Ether and Ethereum are self-executing
contracts, or so-called smart contracts. Like any other contract, two parties make an agreement about the
delivery of goods or services in the future. Unlike conventional contracts, lawyers aren’t necessary: The
parties code the contract on the Ethereum blockchain, and once the conditions of the contract are met, it
self-executes and delivers Ether to the appropriate party.

BASIC ATTENTION TOKEN (BAT)

Introduced in 2018
Created by Brendan Eich

The Basic Attention Token (BAT) was created in an effort to improve the security, fairness, and efficiency
of digital advertising through the use of blockchain technology. BAT is a blockchain-based system for
tracking media consumers’ time and attention on websites using the Brave web browser. Built on Ethereum,
its goal is to efficiently distribute advertising money between advertisers, publishers, and readers of online
marketing content and ads. The objective is for readers to experience fewer ads that are more well-tailored
to their interests while at the same time not giving up their data privacy rights. The exchange rate for BAT
is set at 6,400 BAT per ETH, meaning that as the price of Ethereum climbs or falls, the price of BAT will be
adjusted proportionally as well.

PAX GOLD (PAXG)

Introduced in 2019. Created by Paxos Trust Company, a regulated
financial institution that digitizes and mobilizes assets

PAX Gold is an asset-backed token where one token represents one fine troy ounce of a London Good
Delivery gold bar, stored in professional vault facilities. Anyone who owns PAXG has ownership rights to
that gold under the custody of Paxos Trust Company. Since PAXG represents physical gold, its value is tied
directly to the real-time market value of that physical gold. PAXG gives customers the benefits of actual
physical ownership of specific gold bars with the speed and mobility of a digital asset. Customers are able
to have fractional ownership of physical bars.

p.4
CHAINLINK (LINK) OMG NETWORK (OMG) 0x (ZRX)

CHAINLINK (LINK)
Introduced in 2017
Created by Steve Ellis, Ari Juels and Sergey Nazarov
LINK is a cryptocurrency that powers the Chainlink protocol. The LINK Network is a fully decentralized
Oracle network that provides smart contracts to enable the sending of payments from the contract to bank
accounts and payment networks. LINK also connects smart contracts to the data sources and APIs they
need to function easily. Chainlink’s technology claims to solve one of the biggest challenges for the practical
implementation of smart contracts – connecting blockchains to real world data – such as price feeds or
delivery confirmations – through so-called oracles blockchain connectivity. If Chainlink is able to do so, it
can potentially boost the market for decentralized apps (dApps). As of today, the most developed Chainlink
functionality includes aggregate price feeds for crypto and fiat currencies.

OMG NETWORK (OMG)

Introduced 2013 rebranded as OMG Network in June 2020
Created by Omise Go Pte Ltd., a subsidiary of Omise,
a Thailand-based payments processor

The OMG Network is a decentralized exchange, a liquidity provider mechanism, a messaging network, and
a blockchain gateway with digital assets. The platform earned a reputation for its alternative financial and
digital commerce tools. These systems work together to enable cross-chain asset transfers without the need
for a crypto exchange. OMG allows users to transfer coins from one blockchain to another without using a
traditional exchange. It also allows funds to be transferred between blockchains and traditional payment
providers like VISA and SWIFT. The goal of the OMG Network is to create a product that equally benefits
those who use traditional banking services and people who lack access to banking services simultaneously.

0x (ZRX)
Introduced in 2017
Created by 0x Labs

0x (ZRX) is an open protocol, utility token for decentralized peer-to-peer exchange of Ethereum tokens.
ZRX tokens can be used to vote on updates to the 0x protocol itself (decentralized governance), and are
required to pay the fees for decentralized trades made using the protocol. 0x provides the infrastructure for
developers to build their own custom trading apps with a wide variety of user-facing applications. 0x is a
protocol that facilitates the peer-to-peer (P2P) exchange of Ethereum-based assets. Some examples of the
types of things that can be built on 0x include: An ebay-style marketplace for digital goods, a market making
or arbitrage trading bot, or a DeFi protocol that needs liquidity and exchange to function (e.g., a derivatives,
lending, or options protocol). In addition, 0x can also be integrated into any existing application where
exchange is a feature, not the core purpose of the application such as games with in-game currencies or
items, digital wallets whose users want to exchange tokens, and portfolio management platforms.

p.5
MAKER (MKR) KYBER (KNC) SHIBA INU (SHIB)

Maker (MKR)
MakerDAO was formed in 2014 by Danish entrepreneur Rune Christensen

Maker is an Ethereum token that describes itself as “a utility token, governance token, and recapitalization
resource of the Maker system.” The purpose of the Maker system is to generate another Ethereum token,
called Dai, that seeks to trade on exchanges at a value of exactly US$1.00.
MakerDAO works through a process that is called “overcollateralization”, where assets supplied by users are
locked up in smart contracts as collateral in exchange for newly created DAI tokens. DAI is an ERC-20 token,
which means it runs on the Ethereum blockchain. It is designed to maintain a stable value of one US dollar.
The MakerDAO DeFi lending platform works via a collection of smart contracts that allow users to supply
and borrow cryptocurrencies without a centralized loan provider.

Users create DAI by depositing some of their crypto into a smart contract on the platform. Once DAI is
created, it functions as a token on the Ethereum blockchain that can be transferred between wallets to
facilitate the transfer of value like any other cryptocurrency. DAI is useful as a medium for transfers because
each token always aims to be worth one U.S. dollar — which means the value won’t swing wildly during the
duration of the transaction. This type of stable cryptocurrency is known as a stablecoin.
Funds deposited to create DAI can be instantly re-acquired by paying off the DAI loan plus any fees.

Kyber (KNC)
Launched in 2017. Founded by Loi Luu, Victor Tran and Yaron Velner
a Thailand-based payments processor

The Kyber Network is a protocol that aims to make swapping digital assets and cryptocurrencies simple and
efficient. The Kyber protocol aggregates liquidity from a wide range of reserves, powering instant and secure
token exchange in any decentralized application.

There are two types of users on the network: makers and takers. Makers create liquidity by holding
their tokens, and takers are the end users that are requesting the swap of tokens. Daaps (decentralized
applications) can connect to the Kyber network in order to accept any token from users, but only receive the
token they want. KNC is used to facilitate and pay fees for the transactions on the Kyber network.

Shiba Inu (SHIB)

Launched in 2020
Created by Ryoshi

Shiba Inu is a token on the Ethereum blockchain, and was designed to be an experiment to see if a
cryptocurrency project could be run 100% by its community. When SHIB was created in 2020, half of the
tokens were given to Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Ethereum. He donated $1 billion worth of the tokens to
India’s COVID Relief Fund and “burned” the remainder. While SHIB began as a “meme coin”, it has evolved
into a complex ecosystem that consists of a decentralized exchange called ShibaSwap, and two other tokens
called LEASH and BONE. ShibaSwap allows users to swap their SHIB for other cryptocurrencies without an
intermediary, while also providing liquidity to other users of the platform. BONE is given as a reward to those
who provide liquidity on the ShibaSwap exchange. BONE is the governance token and allows the community
to make decisions on the future of the project.
p.6
STELLAR (XLM) EOS.IO (EOS) POLKADOT (DOT)

STELLAR (XLM)
Introduced 2015
Created By Jed McCaleb
Stellar is a decentralized computer network that operates using blockchain technology. On the Stellar
network you can trade its form of currency which is called lumens (XLM). Stellar was designed to reduce
transaction costs and serve as a bridge between fiat, digital or other currencies. The purpose of Stellar is
to connect financial institutions via the blockchain and provide cheap transactions in developing markets.
While Stellar and XLM coexist in the same system, they are technically two different things. Stellar is the
foundation of the blockchain network, whereas lumens are traded on the network. According to Stellar’s
website, there are currently 50 billion lumens in circulation. Stellar will not produce any more lumens, so you
cannot mine them.

EOS.IO (EOS)
Introduced in 2018
Created by Dan Larimer

EOS is a blockchain-based platform intended to run decentralized applications and smart contracts. Unlike
most other blockchain systems, EOS nodes are bound to the rules and mandates of a “constitution” that
each node digitally signs and records on the blockchain. Like many smart-contract platforms, EOS utilizes
two tokens, EOS and EOS.IO. A developer simply needs to hold EOS coins, instead of spending them, to be
eligible to use network resources and to build and run dApps.

POLKADOT (DOT)
Introduced in 2020
Created by Gavin Wood

Polkadot is a “multi-chain” network that aims to connect different specialized blockchains into a single
unified network. Blockchains that connect with Polkadot work in parallel as so-called “parachains”. Its
ultimate aim is to act as a framework for all blockchains that opt-in, a bit like how HTML allows sites,
browsers, and servers to interact with each other. The two issues blockchain-based systems most need to
solve are scalability—the number of transactions per second the network can handle—and governance: how
the community manages protocol upgrades and changes. Polkadot aims to solve both of these problems.
DOT, the internal token of the Polkadot network allows holders to vote on potential code changes, which then
automatically upgrade across the network if a consensus is reached.

p.7
ELROND (EGLD) AAVE (AAVE) COMPOUND (COMP)

Elrond (EGLD)
Launched in 2020
Created by Benjamin and Lucian Mincu, and Lucian Todea
Elrond is a blockchain protocol created to offer extremely fast transaction speeds, while maintaining
security and allowing for scalability. Rather than the traditional Proof of Work (PoW) that Bitcoin uses, or the
Proof of Stake (PoS) that Ethereum uses, Elrond uses Adaptive State Sharding and Secure Proof of Stake
(SPoS). Sharding breaks up a blockchain into multiple pieces so that transactions can be divided across
multiple shards and processed in parallel, rather than one at a time like traditional blockchains. SPoS is the
governance mechanism that ensures the distributed network running the blockchain remains in sync and that
all transactions are accounted for. EGLD is the native token that users receive for verifying transactions and
staking their tokens. The Elrond network provides a platform for developers to deploy smart contracts and
decentralized applications, and EGLD acts as the unit of value that enables these activities and incentivizes
the users of the network.

Aave (AAVE)
Launched in 2017 as ETHLend (rebranded to Aave in 2018 and was
launched on the Ethereum mainnet in 2020)
Created by Stani Kulechov

Aave is a peer-to-contract borrowing and lending platform that runs on the Ethereum network. Rather than
matching a lender and borrower like in peer-to-peer lending, peer-to-contract allows users to interact with a
pool of funds to borrow or lend cryptocurrencies. This speeds up the process and allows for the platform
to be decentralized and anonymous. Lenders provide liquidity by depositing cryptocurrencies into a pool of
funds. Borrowers can then borrow funds from this pool by providing a greater amount of collateral than the
funds they are borrowing. There are no fixed time periods to pay back the loans, but Aave can liquidate loans
in the case of price fluctuations. Each cryptocurrency pool has a unique liquidation threshold that is based
on the price movements of the underlying assets. AAVE is the token that powers the governance for the
platform, allowing token holders to vote on changes to the Aave platform.

Compound (COMP)
Launched in 2018
Created by Robert Leshner and Geoffrey Hayes- 2017

Compound is a decentralized protocol running on the Ethereum network that allows users to both lend and
borrow cryptocurrencies in a similar manner to traditional money markets, all without a centralized financial
service provider. Compound users supply their idle crypto assets to a liquidity pool and receive interest
from borrowers. The borrowers also supply their own crypto assets to Compound to act as collateral,
but cannot borrow more than they supply. This means that if they default, the only party at a loss is the
borrower. Interest rewards are also accrued in COMP tokens. Compound has no fixed terms, so users can
lend or borrow crypto assets whenever they choose, whether that length of time is 10 minutes or 10 years.
Applications can also be built on the Compound network which can then be integrated into the interest rate
market. COMP is the native Ethereum token for Compound and all changes made to the Compound protocol
originate from the holders of COMP.
p.8
DOGECOIN (DOGE) UNISWAP (UNI) CARDANO (ADA)

Dogecoin (DOGE)
Launched in 2013
Created by Bill Markus and Jackson Palmer
Dogecoin is an open-source cryptocurrency that was created to be a light-heartened alternative to Bitcoin.
It started as a joke between the developers who were experimenting with blockchain and mining. Dogecoin
is based off of the same technology that Litecoin uses, but differs because it has an unlimited supply. While
many other cryptocurrencies are deflationary due to their limited supply, the lack of a cap on the number of
Dogecoins means that it is an inflationary cryptocurrency. For this reason, the primary use case for Dogecoin
is transactional, whether that’s sending money directly to other users or purchasing goods. It has received a
lot of attention from entrepreneurs like Mark Cuban and Elon Musk.

Uniswap (UNI)
Launched in 2018
Created by Hayden Adams
Uniswap is the most popular decentralized exchange for trading cryptocurrencies on the Ethereum platform.
Uniswap’s main goal is providing liquidity for traders in the DeFi space. Uniswap aims to be a decentralized
exchange where anyone can participate in the liquidity providing process, and it doesn’t restrict who can
access the exchange. Uniswap achieves this goal through an Automated Market Maker (AMM) providing
liquidity for the numerous assets on the exchange. Rather than submitting buy and sell orders like a
traditional exchange, Uniswap has liquidity pools for various assets, where each asset is valued relative
to another. If a user wants to purchase a certain asset, then they must swap another asset to conduct this
transaction. Users can become liquidity providers and earn transaction fee rewards for users interacting with
the pool.

The UNI token was released in 2020 and acts as a governance token, meaning that each holder is allowed
to vote on development decisions. Since UNI was not intended to be transactional, the price of the coin
represents how valuable people believe Uniswap will be in the future and how much they would pay in order
to be part of the governing body.

Cardano (ADA)
Launched in 2017
Created by Charles Hoskinson
Cardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform created to overcome the issues faced by many
cryptocurrencies, which are scalability, interoperability, and sustainability. Cardano divides the validation
work into epochs, or slots, to allow the proof-of-stake model to scale linearly with the number of users.
Cardano uses a protocol to allow for interoperability, meaning it can communicate and share information
easily with other blockchains. In order to keep the network self-sustainable, Cardano established a
treasury that uses transaction fees to pay developers who make contributions to the network. Cardano is
the blockchain that accomplishes all of this, while ADA is the token that carries value and is used on the
network. ADA can be used to conduct peer-to-peer transfers, but more importantly, it can be used for staking
as well as governance of the Cardano network. Users who choose to stake their ADA can be rewarded with
additional ADA token rewards. Users may choose between establishing an ADA stake in an existing stake
pool operated by other users, or they could establish an ADA stake by
creating their own stake pool.
p.9