(C) Sinhalese 2. (D) Collection of Taxes by The Government For Any Religion 3. (B) Women 4. (D) 2006 5. (D) Exploitation

Class -8 .
Chapter – 2
Subject – Civics
A. Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks :-
1.(c) Sinhalese
2. (d) Collection of taxes by the government for any religion
3. (b) Women
4. (d) 2006
5.(d) Exploitation
B. Fill in the blanks :-
1. Freedom of religion
2. Freedom
3. Right to equality
4. Constitutional remedies
5. 30
C. State whether true or false. If false, correct the
statement :-
1. False – Government schools cannot impart religious
instructions.
2. True
3. False – A child may be not refused admission on the basis of
his / her religion
4. True
5. False – Fundamental duties aim to incourage feelings of
patriotism
D. Answer the following questions in 10 – 20 words :-
1. Secular state, which means it doesn’t adopt any state
religion and treats all religion equally .
2. The fundamental rights are the most basic human rights
which ensure the dignity and freedom of an individual.
3. The Fundamental Duties' are defined as the moral
obligations of all citizens to help promote a spirit of
patriotism and to uphold the unity of India .
4. There are six types of fundamental rights are listed in the
Indian Constitution.
E. Answer the following questions in 50 -70 words :-
1. In 1956, the Sri Lankan government passed an Act
declaring only Sinhala as the official language of Sri
Lanka . A few later, Buddhism was adopted as the stae
religion. These actions of the Sri Lankan government
alienanted the Tamils as neither theirs religion nor
language were given importance in the Sri Lankan
Constitution. Furthermore , Tamils will felt that they
were discriminated against in securing government jobs,
education and political rights. The alienation of the
Tamils led to a civil war , which lasted for nearly 25
years. Eventually, the constitution was amended,
accepting both Sinhala and Tamil as the official
languages of Sri Lanka. Today, the Sri Lankan
government is working to restore the rights of the
minorities.
2. Following are four features of Indian secularism :-
 No religious group controls the Indian state or gets support
from it. In other words, the Indian state is neutral towards
all religions.
 No religious instruction is to be provided in educational
institutions maintained by the government
 No person shall be compelled to pay taxes for the
promotion of any religion
 Through the Fundamental Rights such as Right to Freedom
of Religion and Cultural and Educational Rights,all
individuals have the right to prqctice any religion they
desire as well as conserve their distinct language, script and
culture.
3.Our Constitution has granted to all its citizens equality
before law as well as equality in protection by law without
distinctions of caste, creed,colour,sex, religion or economic
status.
4.The following inspiration were behind the fundamental
rights adopted by India :-
 They provide suitable conditions for the all –round
development of human being
 These rights protect people from unjust discrimination.
 Theyact as a check on the arbitrary powders and acts of the
government.
5.The fundamental duties infuse a feeling of patriotism and
brotherhood in all individuals to dedicate to the cause of the
nation. Respecting national institutions, preserving unity and
integrity of the nation, its cultural heritage, protecting its
natural environment and safeguarding public property are
some of the cardinal duties which every citizen of the country
must perform to contribute towards the accomplishments of
national goals and objectives.
F. Answer the following questions in 80 – 100 words :-
1. In 1976, the term ‘secular’was added to the preamble by
the 42nd Amendment Act. A secular India means that there
is no state religion. The county neither supports nor denies
any religion its rightful place. Individuals are free to follow
their religious beliefs and practices as they deem fit
In India, the separation of
religion and state has been done for the following reasons :-
 Protection of individual freedom –Our constitution decided
that to protect individual freedom of religion, the state
should not interfere in the religious practices
 Protecting the democratic fabric of the nation – A democratic
nation works on the principle of equality and keeping this in
mind, all religions should be treated equally. No single
religion should be given importance or enforced upon people
nor shall a religious majority be allowed to dominate the
religious minorities.
2. India has adopted the ideal of secularism in its
Constitution. Hence, it treats all religions as equal .
 There is no state religion, neither does the state favour any
particular religion.
 People are free to practise their own religion in the ways
they deem fit.
 People can freely profess, practise and propagate their
religion .
 No state funded institution is allowed to engage in
imparting religious education.

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