Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976

1. Introduction
The prison system in India, as known to everyone,
is the not as good as we see in the films. It is quite
shocking to know that in a digitally modern country
IOT PRISON like India, the prison system is quite orthodox.
So in such an orthodox system the jail breaks are
BREAK ALERTING very common and most usual thing to happen.
There is no such count but prison escapes keep
AND MONITORING happen, either at large scale or in smaller scale. A
thought of these inmates still roaming around
SYSTEM (P-BAS) within us is itself very scary. The changes required
in the today’s prison system is that, that the system
should be a bit digitalized rather than using human
force to guard the inmates.
HOD Vaishali Rane The digital system to be used can be made reliable
HOD of Computer Department that it can’t be under cyber attack. There are some
Thakur Polytechnic more aspects that can be used to make this system
Mumbai, India more reliable against cyber attack.

Harshada Vijay Gawde

Department of Computer Engineering
Thakur Polytechnic
2. Applications
Mumbai, India
Well so here we propose a prisoner tracking system
harshadagawde15@gmail.com
that helps detect prison breaks and instantly alert
authorities using IOT. The system makes use of a
microcontroller based circuit to achieve the task
Himanshu Sudhakar Kushwaha
using RF technology. We make use of RF trackers
Department of Computer Engineering
on each inmate to detect their presence in the
Thakur Polytechnic
premises. The 2 central monitoring units are used
Mumbai, India
to scan through all inmates as per data fed to it and
himanshu.hk123580@gmail.com
constantly keep track of each prisoner. Each
prisoner is mounted with a RF tracker transmitting
Niragi Mahesh Masalia
a unique prisoner code wirelessly. Whenever a
Department of Computer Engineering
prisoner exits the facility the centralized system is
Thakur Polytechnic
unable to receive his/her code. At that time the
Mumbai, India receiver circuitry instructs the controller to tack
niragimasalia@gmail.com action against particular prisoner. The System now
transmits the prisoner details over to the officers
Twinkle Rajesh Panchal alerting portal to send out instant alert and catch the
Department of Computer Engineering prisoner before he runs even 50 meters away from
Thakur Polytechnic the facility. Here we use IOTGecko to develop the
Mumbai, India online alerting portal system to receive input from
twinklepanchal1800@gmail.com monitoring device and display alert and sound
alarm through internet.

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 Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976

3. Introduction to the Project and data exchange between the physical world and
a. Problem Definition computer systems over existing network
The problem statement is to make a digitally useful infrastructure.
system for prison break alerting and monitoring the
inmates using IOT. b. Arduino UNO
Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform
b. Aims and Objectives based on easy-to-use hardware and
The main aim of the system is to keep a proper software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs -
monitoring system on the inmates and track their light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter
location on regular basis. message - and turn it into an output - activating a
The main objectives of the system are: motor, turning on an LED, publishing something
 To monitor the inmates on regular basis. online. You can tell your board what to do by
 To detect the location and change in location of the sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller
prisoners with the help of radio frequency. on the board. To do so you use the Arduino
 To send the alert signal throughout the prison if programming language (based on wiring), and the
there is any prison break. Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

c. Scope of the Project c. Embedded System

The system is made of Arduino module and a radio An Embedded System is a combination of
frequency (RF) module which helps us to achieve computer hardware and software, and perhaps
the desired results. The officer’s main portal is additional mechanical or other parts, designed to
made with the help of IOTGecko. The RF module perform a specific function. An embedded system
is placed of each inmate, continuously tracking is a microcontroller-based, software driven,
their location. Once the prisoner is out of his/her reliable, real-time control system, autonomous, or
authenticated location an alert signal is passed on human or network interactive, operating on diverse
to the officer’s portal and throughout the prison physical variables and in diverse environments and
alerting about the escape. sold into a competitive and cost conscious market.

d. Features of the project d. Radio Frequency Module

The features of the project are: RF itself has become synonymous with wireless
 The system is made using the principles of IOT and and high-frequency signals, describing anything
Arduino which is a cross platform application from AM radio between 535 kHz and 1605 kHz to
which is written in java programming language. computer local area networks (LANs) at 2.4 GHz.
However, RF has traditionally defined frequencies
This makes the system work in real time.
from a few kHz to roughly 1 GHz. If one considers
 The system uses radio frequency system to track
microwave frequencies as RF, this range extends to
the location of the prisoner which can’t get
300 GHz. The following two tables outline the
distorted by the walls or any such solid obstacles.
various nomenclatures for the frequency bands.
 The system is so delicate that any change in the
The third table outlines some of the applications at
radio frequency will send an alert signal in the
each of the various frequency bands.
system.
 Output Current up to 1A.
 Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V.
5. System Description
a. Design
 Thermal Overload Protection.
 Short Circuit Protection.

4. Review of Literature
a. Internet of Things Definition
IOT is simply the network of interconnected
things/devices which are embedded with sensors,
software, network connectivity and necessary
electronics that enables them to collect and
exchange data making them responsive. More than
a concept Internet of Things is essentially an Fig 5.1 Block Diagram
architectural framework which allows integration

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 Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976

b. Hardware and Software components Make a list of required hardware interfaces.

 ATmega328P Microcontroller: Examine the software architecture
The Atmel ATmega328P is a 32K 8-bit Select the architecture. Identify Memory Needs.
microcontroller based on the AVR architecture. Start searching for microcontrollers.
Many instructions are executed in a single clock Examine Costs and Power Constraints.
cycle providing a throughput of almost 20 MIPS at  Designing the circuit:
20MHz. The ATMEGA328-PU comes in a PDIP Once all the components are acquired we can move
28 pin package and is suitable for use on our 28 pin forward to making the circuit of the system and
AVR Development Board. putting all components in proper order.
 ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module:  Testing connectivity and issues:
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained The testing is done by using multi meter and
SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can oscilloscope to check weather all the soldering
give any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi done is proper or not.
network.  PCB Printing:
Once all the testing is done we take the work of
 RF Transmitter Receiver: PCB printing which is used to connect all the
The ST-TX01-ASK is an ASK Hybrid transmitter electrical components in the circuit design.
module. ST-TX01-ASK is designed by the Saw  Coding:
Resonator, with an effective low cost, small size, Coding is done in an integrated development
and simple-to-use for designing. environment, it can be used for many programing
The ST-RX02-ASK is an ASK Hybrid receiver languages.
module. An effective low cost solution for using at
315/433.92 MHZ.
 LCD: 6. Final Prototype
A 16x2 LCD means that it can display 16 characters
each line and there are two such lines. In this LCD
each character is displayed in pixel matrix.
 The other components being Resistors, Capacitors,
Push Button, Crystal Oscillator, Cables &
Connectors, Diode, PCB, LED’s,
Transformer/Adapter.
 Arduino Compiler:
The Arduino Programmer is based on
the Processing IDE and uses a variation of the C
and C++ programming languages.
 MC Programming Language:
Embedded C language which is most frequently
used to program the microcontroller. Fig. 6.1 P-BAS
 IOT Gecko:
IOT Gecko is a free IOT system development
platform for students, researchers and developers.

c. Implementation Methodology
 Research:
First things first, our initial step was to do deep
research about the current prison system and the
main changes needed to be done in the system
 Planning out the system:
Second step was to list down all the components
needed to make our system. How to move ahead
with the circuit, learn all the types microcontroller
and which type of microcontroller is needed for the
system.
 Choosing Microcontroller: Fig. 6.2 P-BAS (FULL MODULE)

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Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976

7. Conclusion and Future scope of the

project
 Conclusion
The conclusion of the project is that if this system
is implemented in our prison system it would add a
new level to the security rules of our country. This
system will bring some difference in the number of
jail breaks happening per year.

 Future Scope
Fig 6.3 Interface (Case 1) If any time in future this system is implemented it
can be made using nanotechnology reducing the
size of the transmitter into a small chip. This chip
can be planted anywhere on the inmates clothes
without giving the inmate any clue of it.
Even GPS system can be added on the chip making
it easier to be tracked.

8. Constraints for real time deployment

Since this system is deployed in the real time there
are some obvious constraints that cause problem
while executing.
 The first constraint is the internet system. The
system needs strong internet connection to be
Fig 6.4 Interface (Case 2) executed so if we lose the internet connection the
system needs to be reset.
 The front end interface should never be closed. If
the window is closed the system loses connection
making it lag behind.

9. Reference
www.atmel.com
www.beyondlogic.org
www.wikipedia.org
www.howstuffworks.com
www.alldatasheets.com

Fig 6.5 Interface (Case 3)

Author Name et. al. / International Journal of New Technologies in Science and Engineering
Vol. 3, Issue. 1, 2016, ISSN 2349-0780

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