qtewclV

Fronces Treloqr
Gill Holley

tr
macmillan
education
B2
 t
Sludy Studying at university, Life at Choosing Present simple and continuous
;
a A.- e
helpline university p4 university? p5 Present perfect simple, present perfect
p4 do and make p7 continuous and present habits p6
Gerunds and infinitives - 1 p8

Nine to five Work conditions and responsibilities, World s toughest Past simple, past continuous and past habits G,P
P12 Working life p12 jobs p13 P14 Pl5
I
Phrasal verbs connected with work Past perfect simple and past perfect
p15 continuous p1 6

On lhe move Words connected with transport and Will cars soon be going to, will, present continuous and -o(
p22 travel, journey, travel, trip, voyage be a thing of the present simple for future p24 P25
?22 past? p23 Future continuous, future perfect simple and
Prefixes p25 future perfect continuous p26

Extroordinory Personality adjectives p30 Gifted teenager Making comparisons p32 r'+.cjc
tolenls Noun suffixes p33 breaks science Articles, so, such, too and enough p34
p3o record p31

Money Buying and selling, Money and Could you live Modal verbs of obligation, prohibition and
mollers banking p40 without money? advice- present and past p42
p40 Phrasal verbs connected with money P41 Modal verbs of speculation and deduction -
and shopping p43 past, present and future p44

Heollhy Parts of the body, Words connected An advice Zero, firstand second conditionals, unless,
living with health p48 website p49 as long as, provided/providing (that) and in
p48 ldioms connected with health and case p50
illness p51 Third conditional, I wish/lf only p52

Creqlive orls Music and film, Media habits p58 The young Reported speech - statements and questi
p58 Qompound nouns and adjectives theatregoer - p60
P61
playing a part Reported speech - other reporting verbs
ln the audience and structures p62
P59

Surviving Natural disasters, Words connected How to survive a The passive, The passive - verbs with two 5--r]
disoster with natural disasters p66 disaster p67 objects p68
p66 Prepositional phrases with verbs p69 The passive with say, know, believe, etc. p

Digitolworld Everyday technology, Verbs Digital learners Defining and non-defining relative clauses
P76 connected with technology p76 P77 P78
Phrasal verbs connected with Gerunds and infinitives - 2 p80
technology and computers p79
'
News feed News sections, News headlines p84 Articles about Future activities in the past, mixed
p84 Collocations connected with the young lottery conditionals p86 P87
news p87 winners p85 Indirect questions, Ouestion tags p88

5i *,r'
=
 An exam p7 Asking and answering An informal email Vocabulary: Using a dictionary p4
questions about p'l0 Speaking: Speaking English well p9
personal information p9

st habits Gap-year. volunteering Asking for an opinion An opinion Vocabulary: Learning phrasal verbs p1 5
p15 and agreeing and essay- 1 p18 Writing: Organising your writing p1 8
disagreeing p1 7

s and Holidays in the future Comparing photos - 1 A story p28 Grammar: Working on mistakes p24
P25 P27 Listening: Predicting before listening p25
rple and

Hidden talents p33 Giving a An article - 1 p36 Vocabulary: Keeping vocabulary records p30
1 p35 Writing: Reviewing your writing p36

on and The lnca Empire p43 Comparing photos - 2 A formal letterof Reading: Skimming and scanning p41
p45 complaint p46 Writing: Making a plan p46
iuction -

unless, Marathon running p51 Negotiating and A for-and-against Reading: Activating your knowledge p49
and in
t) collaborating p53 essay p54 Speaking: Using fillers p53

questions A superfan p61 A discussion p63 A review p64 Reading: Guessing meaning from context p59
Listenin g : Listenin g for genera I understandin g
verbs P61

th two Survivors of the 2004 Talking about statistics An opinion Speaking: Coping when you can't remember
tsunami p69 p71 essay * 2 p72 a word p71

, etc. p70 Writing: Editing your writing p72

clauses Lost and found mobile A discussion about A report p82 Reading: Understanding referencing words p77
phones p79 technology p81 Speaking: Using sentence stress p81

The right thing to do Giving a An article - 2 p9O Vocabulary: Learning collocations p87
p87 presentation - 2 p89 Writing: Planning and checking p90
r88
 II
I
1

7
Write the words in the correct column.
Write n (noun), v (verb) or n/v.

assignment * become independent

continuous assessment u coursework
degree u extracurricular activity " grace
E
gn?du€+e . hall of residence * lecture
mark u master's " notes u resit
s+t*de.n+fue+l+ies " student loan * tutor
tutorial u undergraduate

ilraduate (v) lgrasuettt stwdeu faclllies (w) (w) lsrr,q:uetl grade (vt/v)

T
3 Use the word given in capitals to form a word that
ru
fits in the gap. util
1 You learn to be . when you stop living with your parents. DEPEND
UI
d
2 One way of checking a student's progress at university is by ............. assessment. CONTINUE i&[
3 Students have to do for each of the subjects they study at university. ASSIGN
s
m
4 A .. .. is a type of class at university. TUTOR d
mil
5 when they aren't at lectures, students can choose to do an extracurricular ... . .. . ... ACTIVE f,i
6 ln their first year atuniversity, many students live in a hall of @
RESIDENT
I
Choose the correct option, a, b or c. I
1 After I graduate, l'd like to continue studying and do
2l
a Match the phrasalverbs (a-fl with the
...........

a degree b undergraduate c mastert meanings (1-6). Use a dictionary to help you. i

I
2 Our history starts at 2.30 and finishes at 4.00 There are lots of extracurricular activities at university
this afternoon. so I sometimes find it difficult to (a) get down to t
work. I go to lectures and (b) take down what the 1
a tutor b lecture c cou rse
o lecturer says. At the end of the day, I (c) go over my 7
Katie can't come out tonight because she has notes. But I sometimes (d) hand in assignments late
to . an exam tomorrow. because I always (e) put off writing them until the
a revrse b reslt c mark last minute. I don't know how l'm going to (f) get
4 My brother is studying for a in physics at through my exams at the end of the yearl
un rverslty. 1 read and check
a graduate b grade c degree 2 give work to a teacher or tutor
When I read the
......that Itook in my tutorial, I
3
cou ldn't understand them I Pass

a 4 start (to work)

notes b coursework c assignments
6 I can't afford to pay for university so l've got a 5 postpone, do something at a later time
student ... 6 write (what a person says)
a facilities loan c tutor
I work very hard on my assignments and l've got
good .. so far.
a coursework b tutors c grades What should you find out about a word when you look
: up words in a dictionary?
i

F STUDY SKILLS page 94

 I What things should you consider when choosing a university? Read the article and
tick (/) the points that the students mention.
1 the course content and structure tr
3 opportunities to get work experience tr
2 the cost of the fees tr 4 extracurricular activities tr

I
l,'.:=.4:=

€:=
A lot of people start a course and then
q1gp_g!! so it's important to research
courses carefully. My film studies degree
My advice when looking at
universities is to think of the three
Cs: city life, course modules and

r
@-
has a good balance oftheory and practical career prospects. With the high cost of
components, which is important for me. We student fees, you have to think about
usually have lectures in the morning and then your career goals. See if the course or uni
work in the film studio in the afternoon. My friend offers work p.l?ggllgt'! opportunities. I was
is forever complaining that his course doesn't offer particularly attracted to my course because

@ enough practical work, but he probably didn't find

out enough about it before he applied. The other
it gave me a chance to work for a year
l'm doing my placement now, and I love it!
thing is location. I chose to be in London because l've worked in different local government
it's got a vibrant film culture and it's easy to keep departments and, as a result, I know I

upto-date with popular trends. The only thing I want to work in education policy when
don't like is the cost of rent. I pay much more than
friends who are studying in other cities. NATASHA STEVENS, POLITICS
The head of my school wanted JOSH HARRIS, FILM STUDIES
me to do a degree in law at a t chose a course at my local
Sffi*
plggtiglo_qq university. He said it Going to university is a unique opportunity university because it's more
$ffi
rc
would give me a better chance of getting and, while the course is important, it's 66nysnient. I've been living
a job, but I wanted to do something more about the student experience. at home this year, which means l've
creative so I chose a degree at a university That's why I chose a small campus. lt's a _c.lqgg-_ been able to savej a lot of money and I

END with a good reputation for marketing. lt's knit community and the student facilities are won't be so much in debt when I finish.
INUE a yggglig1_al course, but it does involve excellent. With so many extracurricular activities, Some of my friends are living in halls of
studying economics and psychology, too. it's been easy to make friends. l've been a residence and have to do part{ime jobs
People are always asking why I chose this member of the Debating Society since my first to help pay for their accommodation. My
'IGN university, but l've been really pleased with year and now l'm President of the Student Union. parents understand that l've got a lot of
ITOR
my course. One university isn't better than I think getting a degree is only part of why we go coursework so I don't really have to do
TIVE another. The important question is which to university, and the other skills l've learnt will chores at home. I think it's good to have
course is the best fit for you? help me to find a job. the support of your family at uni.
,ENT TANYA PHILLIPS, MARKETING ALEX BEAVEN, GEOGHAPHY KYLE LAWRENCE, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

2 Match the questions (1-9) with the people

in 1 (A-E). Some people appear more
than once. Read these tips about choosing a degree. Tick (/) the
good advice.
Which person ...
1 Visit different universities, talk to the tutors and ask lots of
1 is enjoying the social side of university? . C .
questions about the course.
2 chose their degree because it gave
2 Choose a subject that you are good at.
them work experience?
3 Do the same thing that your friends are doing.
didn't follow other people's advice
4. Make a list of the pros and cons of each subject and see
when choosing a course? which offers the most advantages.
4 llkes the way their course is structured? 5 Choose a course that trains you for a speciflc job.
5 has discovered what they want to do
in the future?
thinks it's important to consider the
Match the -u_[f_qdi_n_ed_ words in the article with these
definitions.
cost of living?
1 leave (a course or activity)
chose their university for lts reputation
2 when people look a{ter one another
in their particular subject?
3 respected by people
doesn't have to worry about doing
housework? 4 a temporary job that is part of a
course of study
I
has used their time at university to
pki 1

develop personally?
that teaches skills to do a
1
particular job
i
i

e94 i
i
 Circle the correct alternative. Circle the correct ahernative. lt
E We use the present ... 1 l've applied/been applying to three universities. t
a simple/continuous to talk about routines and habir. 2 The lecture has just finished/been finishing.
b simple/continuous for actions happening now or 3 l've discovered/been discovering what I want to do.
around now.
4 l've seen/been seeing this film before.
c simple/continuous for things that are generally or
5 l've worked/been working on this project all week.
always true.
d simple/continuous to describe states and situations

e
in the present.
simple/continuous with a/ways, etc. for things that
Match the rules (a--e) with the sentences in 4.
a lt finished recently.
f
fi(
annoy us. b lt happened at an unspecified time in the past.
c lt describes how many times it happened.
Complete the sentences with the present simple or
continuous form of the verb given. Then match the d lt emphasises the duration.of an action that
sentences with the rules in 1. started in the past and continues to the present. ....., 2t
I My friend forever
e lt describes the present result of a past action.
(complain) about his course.
Complete the text with the present perfect simple
2 We usually . . (have) or continuous form of the verbs given.
lectures in the morning. George (a)
hls second vear as a
3 My parents (understand)
that l've got a lot of coursework.
,",,",.lriv rirJ""i ," iu(itartl
(study) psychology up until now, but recently
4 I ... ..(do)myplacement he(c)... ... (decide)that
he wants to study something else. His tutors
now, and I love itl
(d) (tell) him to think very
5 A lot of people (start) carefully before changing his course. For now, George
a course and then drop out. (e) (follow) his tutors' advice.
He (fl (go)to all his psychology
Look at the information. Write sentences about the lectures and he (S) (think) more
library using the correct present tense of these verbs. about what he wants to do.

j close * construct + 666{6"i,n

" extend ' ooen
ri
1 run I

Complete the second sentence so that it has a

similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given.
Use between three and six words. 3l
1 I moved here six months ago. LIVING
r
Opening hours
Term-time:24-hour access all week
I . six months. t
Vacatton-ttme: Weekdays, 9 am-5.25 pm 2 Our teacher gives us a lot of assignments. lt's very 2
annoying. FOREVER
Number of books Our teacher
3
50,000 books 4
assignments
Current building work
basement storage area: extension
3 I can't go out, I need to finish my research. yET
new exhibition area: construction I can't go out, I ..,

Librarians 4 My friends talk about their coursework all the

Dr Maria Gurther, Frederick lohnson time. lt drives me mad. ALWAYS
My friends
their coursework.
!J1a. [Lb rar.y_. cpwa.Lw 5 0,0Q0 b p q!<:,
5 I read this book before so l'm not reading
it again. ALREADY
I . .. this book
so l'm not reading it again.
6 He started revising at six pm. BEEN
He six pm.
 Write the words in the correct column to make 4 ,ffi$fis,e *1 Listen again and choose the best
expressions. answer (a-c).
i 1 ln the exam ...
i un appointment u an assignment * breakfast
i ffiot#€e { a oectston e an exam * an excuse a everyone does a language.
i

i friends " homework * the housework u a mistake b arts and science students are separated.
i anoise n apromise " theshopping c only science students do maths.
favour" sport+ asuggestien'well i A good mark in the exam ,fr"un, that ...
a they can get a good job immediately.
b they can go to a better university.
c they can help their family.
The year before the exam ...
a students do extra classes after school.

Read what happened, and write short sentences b parents help their children to study.
using some of the expressions in 1. c students study to pass the exam.
1 The exam room was all quiet, then Sam dropped his At specialised schools, students ...
pencil case on the floor. a do sports one day a month.
.Sant vnnde a wke. b have one free day a week.
2 Nathan went to the wrong place for his lecture. c study more than 12 hours a day.
On the day of the exam ...

3 Juliet spent all day cleaning her kitchen and bedroom.

a students can't listen to music.
b cars aren't allowed near the exam area.
c ordinary people don't go to work.
4 Narry finished his Spanish classes last week. The problem with the exam is that ...
ge a students can't concentrate.
).
ogy
5 Kate won the second prize in a writing competition. b students have to learn too much.
lore c students don't analyse information.

Lara said she couldn't go out because of a headache.

@ Ben wrote 2,000 words and handed it in to his tutor. 5 Match the verbs in bold (1-6) with their
a!
I

definitions (a-f).
hei 1 I think they need to do up the old parts
of the university.
3 l*trfl}il$:e *i Listen to a podcast about an exam.
Tick (/) the sentences that are true. Itake my mobile phone everywhere. I

NG
couldn't do without it.
ths. 't Students do this exam in Japan. tr
Can you make out who this is in the photo?
tery 2 lhe exam lasts for a week. tr It isn't clear.
IER
3 Students study hard for the exam. tr l'm going to make this part of my bedroom
4 The exam is changing. tr into an office.
l'm going to buy Adam a present to make
up for missing his party.
I like making up stories and writing them
on my blog.
\YS
to see, hear or understand something, but
with difficulty
b to invent something that isn't true
c to provide something good, so that something
rDY bad seems less important
)k repair or decorate (a building, etc.) so that it
looks attractive
:EN i
ir""l e change something so it becomes somethinq else i

pm. ,
Students taking an exam at
i
i
Fengqiu No. 1 High School I f to succeed in living or working without something i
E Complete the sentences with the gerund or infinitive form 4 Circle the correct alternative.
of the verbs given. 1 We've arranged to meet/meetingloday
at 4.30.
2 l'd like to do/dotng a master's after I finish
my degree.
Kim doesn't mind to cook/cooking for her
flatmates.
Did you manage to hand/handing in your
assignment on time?
I usually go to walUwalking atthe
weekends.
l'm too busy to go/going out tonight. I have
to work.
Don't forget to turn/turning off your mobile
before the exam.
(sort out) your finances Max admitted to borrow/borrowinq my pen I

is vital. without asking. i

It is important (set up)

*l'i-.1.,:; a bankaccount

suitabiritv 5 Find and correct a mistake in each

;iil; ;;;;;;,;; i, ;l:ffi :l'n' sentence.
'l Gemma usually cycles to school for
Set up ar emaii accoJrt
(keep) in contact with lecturers and classmates.
keep fit.

Find out about local transport,

although . .. . .. (walk) My teachers encouraged me doing a
to classes may save you money. degree in English literature.

Learr .... ... ......... (cook)

some si'rrple, cheap 'nea's. The bookshop owner suggested buy this
new thriller - do you know it?
l{ your accorrmodal:on involves
(share) costs with others, decide how bills will be
d vided amongst you.
Oh nol l've been forgetting my
Write a list of things you want . ...... .. (take) password againl
with you wel, in advance ro avoio
(forget) anytn:ng,
Klaus promised text his parents as soon
'ril. :ii Check what you need as he found out his test results.
(do) before
attendinq your first lecture.
l've done my homework for hoursl l'm
really tired!
? Match the rules (a-e) with the sentences in 1.
a The infinitive is used after certain verbs.
Yasmin is finishing work at five o'clock
b The infinitive is used immediately after an adjective.
on Fridays.
c The infinitive is used to give a reason or purpose for
doing something.
d The gerund is used after certain verbs. Have you ever considered to become a
e The gerund is used as the subject/object of
police officer?
a sentence.

3 Match the halves to make sentences.

1 l'm qualified ------- a the weather to warm up soon
2 l'mnot interested iil b to get a dog.
3 I would never risk \- c to give first aid.
4 l've recently decided d leaving my bike unlocked.
5 l'm expecting e becoming president of my
country.
 Put the words in order to make questions. u$Ifryil$e *? Complete the sentences with the
1 the going to like do you cinema ? verbs given. Then listen again to check.
I
Dq 14au LLkegOLng t9 tlng c147,y+q?. . . ..
1 l'd rather films at the
ish cinema than at home. (watch)
2 favourite is the day your what part of?
2 I like watching films on TV too, but I

prefer , to the cinema.

3 easy you is study where to live ? (so)

l'd rather in bed.

4 do or outside prefer to you be inside ? (not stay)

l'd rather my own

have 5 would next you summer like what to do ? room. (have)

I prefer
>bile weekend. (not stay)
€ to five students answering the
tt$f.t!ti*-$:e *2 Listen I prefer at the weekend.
questions in 1. Decide if these statements are True (T) (go out)
or False (F).
l'd prefer to a city.
1 Speaker A doesn't go to the cinema because
(not go)
....

it's expensive. T/r

2 Speaker B gets up early at the weekend. TlF l'd prefer .. somewhere
hot. (9o)
3 Speaker C doesn't mind sharing a room with
his brother. YIF
4 Speaker D likes being inside and outside. Tf?
& Find and correct the mistakes in the
sentences.
5 Speaker E would like to go to Paris next summer. Tl#
1 l'd rather not going to museums on holiday.

2 I prefer reading than watching films.

this
3 I rather get up early at the weekend.

l'd prefer don't play computer games all the

time.

l'd rather be outside to be inside.

6 I prefer have my own room.

S ln your notebook, rewrite the statements in 4

so that they are true for you.

What two things are important to speak

English well?
F STUDY SKILLS page 94
 Look at the expressions and write formal or informal.
1 Hi, Lisal LrufQrwal 'l (

2 Dear Mr Fellows
3 It was great to hear from you.
4 All the best
5 Yours sincerely
a

6 Thanks
I
7 I am writing to complain about one of your products.
I I would be grateful if you could send me a copy of the photograph I

I l'd love a copy of that photo - can you send me one? (

3 Read the emailfrom an English friend called 3 Write a reply to Leo in an informal email.
Leo. Up_dgfline the points that Leo wants you 2t
to answer. (

From: Leo
Subject Hi
Hi!
I hope everything's OK. It seems a iong
time since I heard from you. What have
you and your family been doing recently?
I'm trying to decide whrch universities
to apply lo. My main decision is about
whelher to study abroad or not. I've
iooked at some universities in Australia,
and I'd love to go there to study. There are
some excellent courses and I could spend 3(
my free time doing sports, which I love, as i
you know! t1
I'm also considering comlng to study :,,,,,,,
in your country What do you think the ee

advantages are for me doing that? On

the other hand, I can see that staying in i
England is easier. Maybe you could come
*t.v;\#:*==il* i
and study here, or we couid both go and k- ;:-"
:"

ffi
E
?
study ln Auslralia togetherl What would z
1
you prefer?
1 '4.+*nw
This week I've been doing work ?

experience. My school organised some

work for me in a fashion designer's
studiol It has been fantastic so far. The
fashion designer is rea11y nice and I learnl
tons about fashion and making clothes.
What kind of preparation for leaving
school do you get? write and tell me
about it - I'd rea11y like to know.
Write soonl
Bye
i
:.?
'Leo
tu.,,r"'on*tno*.-o*o-

;-
\:
Grqmmor Vocobulory
I Circle the correct alternative. I Complete the sentences with these words. There
is one extra word you do not need.
1 People always make/are always making friends at
university. assessment u assignment' facilities * lecture
2 Gina and Kevin get on/are getting on their plane to tutor, tutorial * undergraduate
Hong Kong as we speak. {,
3 Sue is always/often using my stuff. lt's very annoying. Some courses have a final exam, but some have
4 We have/are having lectures every day at continuous so allthe work is

nine o'clock. very important.

5 I revise/'m revising for exams at the moment. The marks a university
6 David borrows money, but he always pays/ student! work.
is alwavs oavinq me back.
When you study for your first degree, you are
an ...........................
2 Complete the sentences with the present perfect
simple or continuous form of the verbs given. The. ..... atuniversitiesoften
1t (walk) 20 kilometres include sports centres, restaurants and lT centres.
today and now I want to rest! 5An is a piece of work you do

2 Jed . (wait) for his at university.

package to arrive for two weeks now. 6 There aren't usually many students in
3 ...... you (flnish) a ...............

your breakfast yet? W.e need to go.

4 I don't want to see that film. Complete the words.
I .. .. . . (already see) it. 1 When you go to university, you study for a

5 Damien . .. ... (look) for a job

for over a year and he ... ....
2 Students go to lectures and take
(stlll not find) one.
n...................................... of what the lecturer says.

Complete the sentences with the gerund or 3 They also do c ., which can be
infinitive form of the verbs given. assignments or projects.

1 I only enjoy (sail) in the 4 They give these to their tutor, who gives each piece
summer when it's hot. of work a g ,..',,,..,,..,,,.-,,,-,,,.,,,..,,'.,, or

m
2 I mustn't forget .. . (feed) my
neighbour's cat this evenlng. 5 lf a student fails an exam, they usually have one
3 Sometimes, I get nervous about chanceto r............. . . . .. . .. . . it.
(talk) to people I don't know. 6 At the end of their course, students
4 too late
lt's (study) now. Why s
don't you go to bed? 7 They can then start work or do a
5 You can take a bus to class, m..............................
but (cycle) is better.
8 University is hard, but there are plenty of
activities.
4 Circle the correct alternative.
Write do or make.

Hil
1 How often do you ............... dinner?

I (al write/'m writing to say thanks for your email and 2 Just .... your best and you'll be fine.

sorry for not (b) to repl"v/replying sooner. I lcl 'm being/

'vebeen really busy these first few weeks at uni. l 3 Can I ...... a suggestion?

ldl ao/'m aoina Lo lectures every day and I (e) have/'m 4 lf you . a promise, you should keep it.
having assignments to do - I (fl'ue hqnded/beenhanding
in two this week. But I (g) have/'mhaving a great time 5 Can you .................. . me a favour?
and I've P\made/beenmaking lots of new friends. (i) To 6 Can you . . . the shopping this week?
live/Living in a hall of residence is expensive though, so
I've decided (1) to move/moving out and live with friends. 7 I need to. ... . . . an appointment to see
we (14 lookl'vebeenlooking for a flat near the university, the dentist.
but rve haven't llhad/beenhaving any luck so far. I'11 let
you know if we flnd one. Hope all is well with you! 8 I hope you ............ .. . well in the exam.
? Decide which phrases describe the four jobs. Write at least
three numbers in each of the columns.
1 usually work long hours
Farmers Nurses
2 usually do shift work
3 usually work from 9-5 lt
4 are skilled
5 usually work indoors
6 often work outdoors
7 are usually self-employed
8 are usually employees PAs Firefighters
9 work in dangerous conditions ;
l
1O mainly do paperwork
:
11 mainly do manual work t
I
12 deal with lots of different people

Are these stages of a job usually positive or negative? Dad: What about the qualifications you've
Circle the correct face. got from school that you won't need
1 I was fired. o @ if you become a firefighter?

2 lgotapromotion. o @
David:

3 I was made redundant o @ But that suits me. I don't want to work
4 lsignedacontract. e @
indoors all the time.
And so do doctors. They often have to work
Complete the job advertisement with these words. long hours, too.
What job is it for? But firefighters earn a good salary and get
an excellent pension when they retire.
; deal with * experience c get a promotion
But I won't be a firefighter forever. I might
i_ _*_ _i::q."*! " _'_l::11 " t,uir:s _ _
i

i want to go to university later in my life.

Yes, but docters' work can be very stressful
You wili be (a) for the day-to day operation and difficult. I
of the restaurant and for the level of service our establishment lt
provides. Yol witl have fo (b) manaqement !
kitchen staffand customeI services personnel in sometimes I
(c) conditions. lt will be possible to * Complete the sentences with these
(d) when you have gained further
words. Use a dictionary to help you.
(e) . of supervising staff in our organisation
-
deadlines high-powered
Relevant (fl
Langbern College.
will be provided throuqh
: _r"I-:9::r*:_: .,:!r""": _ j

1 An alternative to working full-time these

days is to do a
David wants to be a firefighter, but his dad wants him to in other words, two people do one job.
be a doctor. Match David's responses to his dad,s points.
2 Many companies offer
Dad: Doctors are very well paid. ,.,.,,,,',,,, such as a
David: r company car, on top of the basic salary.
Dad: Firefighte,rs have to work in dangerous conditions. 3A .. job may seem
David: attractive, but it can be stressful.
Dad: Firefighters usually have to do night shifts. Some parl-time jobs don't pay if a
person is on
David: .,
One of the most stressful aspects
Dad: Firefighters have to work outdoors, which must be
of a job is when you have to meet
hard in winter.
tight
 Look at the heading and introduction at the top of 2 Read about Jack and Sheena and complete the
the article and choose the correct description. information.
a A documentary about unemployment
b A series about people who work in dangerous jobs
c A TV show about young people doing difficult jobs

tEa
So you think yourjob
is bad? Spare a thought
'i forJackTf,ylor, aged 22, whose
bsctsbfeeli1te work involved him
shearing sheep in It's been described as one of the most difficult jobs in the world.
a

temperatures in
New Zealand. Sheena Southall, a 22-year-old student, was keen to test her limits
when she agreed to appear on the show.
]ack is one ofthe stars of a new show called
TheWorld'sToughestJobs, and he admits that lt Although I love studying, I'm always looking for an opportunity to test
was the most difflcult month of his life. 'l won't myself ,' she says.
)u've She saw an advert which said: 'Do you want to make some quick cash
lie, it was the most diff,cult thing I've ever had
reed to do, and we'd get told_off if we didn't keep and do you want to travel?' She applied, went for an interview, and got
upl' he says. 'We slept in a barn and were up at the job. At the interview she explained how she was prepared for any
4 am six days a week and often didn't get back challenge. Then, just as she was leaving for Singapore she found out
ti118 pm.' that she was going to become a skyscraper window cleaner!
At the interview, Jack was told that he could The job was challenging. She had to pu11 herself up and down carrying
make good money if he sheared 300 sheep hear,y water b_qSEgp_ and if she didn't clean the wlndows properly,
a day. Some days he only did seven. Still, he they'd tell her to go back and do it agaln.
work
returned home at the end of the month with But she admits the experience has changed her. As soon as she got
81,400 and a new sense of self-respect. 'Being back, she flnished her studies, graduated, and started looking for a job
get able to S!i*-ryilh the job made me realise I that would be both exciting and tough. Sheena says: 'Nothing wiil ever
could do more than I thought,' he says.lack be as exciting and scary as that flrst day of cleaning windows up in the
now has a new job, but his experience in New air, but if you don't face your fears and accept what life offers you how
lht Zealand had such an impact that he now plans will you know what you're capable of? It was the best experience of my
to go travelling again in the future. life so far.'
sful

Read the article again. Are these 4

@
@ statements True (T), False (F) or Not
@ Mentioned (NM) in the text? Are these possible advantages lll or disadvantages (I)
i
of doing a tough job?
!
1 Jack often had to work more than
I
12 hours a day. T1FlruM 1 You learn that you are more capable than you thought. if
_l i! i

2 You find out what job you want to do or don't want

it 2 He earned more money than
it he expected. T,irlt{M . to do in the future. "--.
il 3. He discovered new things about 3 You get injured. --..
)se himself by doing the job. TlFlt*fv: 4 lt's exciting and you have a sense ofachievement [j
4 He plans to travel to New Zealand 5 You are doing a job that you're not interested in. [-j
,b. again in the future. TlFltt{l4
5 Sheena agreed to appear on the
show because she wanted to Match the _u_r_r{_qdi_4ed_ words in the article with these
ry- make money. Ti F/rl&tl definitions.
em 6 She didn't expect to be a window 1 containers with a handle used for
cleaner. Tl Fl tqfvl carrying water and other liquids
7 The people she worked with 2 criticised for doing something wrong
helped her a lot. T/ F/ IUnfi
3 extremely hot
8 She thinks other young people
4 physically hard and tiring
should try doing a difficult job. T/Flg{M
5 continue to do something
 ? Match the sentences (1-5) with the uses (a-e). 4 Tick(/) the sentence which can also be written
with would.
1 As she was leaving for Canada, she found out ...
2 Every day I was going to college and doing 1 She used to love job.
her tr
w the same things. 2 She didn't use to travel. tr
3 She applied, went for an interview and got 3 She applied for the job. tr
the job.
4 Their supervisor used to tell them off. tr
4 He was hoping he would be able to pay off
his debts. * Which sentences in 4 describe ...?
5 She resigned from her part-time job. a a single event in the past

a one thing happened after another b repeated past actions

b an activity in progress at a moment in the past c past habits
c scenes in a story or description d a past state
d finished actions or situations in the past
e to talk about an activity in progress that was Write the sentences again. Write the verb in bold
interrupted by another action with would if possible, or with used to.
1 We lived in a small town.
Circle the correct alternative.
'l We waited/were waitinq at the bus stop when we saw
I have a part-time job in a shop.
an old friend.
2 The sun shone/was shininq when I woke up this
morning. I went to work every Saturday.
3 Last Sunday, I went/was gotng to visit my
grandparents.
I started at nine in the morning.
4 When I got/was getting home, I went to my room.
5 I found an interesting article while I surfed/was surfing
the lnternet. 5 I didn't work late.
6 I didn't have/wasn't havinq any breakfast this morninq.

Complete the text with the past simple or past

6 I didn't like my job so I decided to leave.
continuous form of the verbs given.
I (a) (study) French at university
and I had been planning to travel when I finished, but
somehow ended up working in an office. One day, F Read the text. Find ind correct 12 mistakes.
| (b) (sit) at my desk when
A friend of mine didn't had a job and he was
I

(c) (happen) to notice an advert

interested in appearing on the TV show about tough
for a job in Paris. I immediately (d) jobs. He tryed several times, but he never got an
(stop)what I (e) (do) and interview. One day, while he was read a newspaper,
(fl (apply).Two days later, I had he saw an advert for a job like a fisherman in Finland.
an interview - and I was offered the job. My friends He applied at the job and he got it. He was travelled
(S) to Finland and worked there for a month. He would
. (try) to persuade me to stay at
got up at 5 am every day and he works six days a
home, but I really wanted to go. I was sad to say goodbye week. He didn't liked it and so he returned home.
of course, and I even (h) . (cry) Now he is work in an office. He didn't used to want
a little, but two days later, I (i) to do paperwork, but he says that anything is better
(travel) on a train to Paris to start my new job than work on a boat in Finland.
 Who said what? Match the comments (a-h) with the
people (1-8).
1 David wants to get ahead. a
Why should you be careful when you look up
the meaning of phrasal verbs in a dictionary?
2 Karl wants to keep at a task.
F STUDY SKILLS page 94
3 Fran is working on a project.
4 Eva needs to fill in a form.
5 Jack wants to turn down a job offer.
6 Teresa wants to take over from someone. 4 Match the phrasal verbs with the
7 Ben wants to set up a buslness.
meanings. Use a dictionary if necessary.

8 Liz needs to keep up with her work.

1 drag ofl --r a organise or plan
2 stick to \ u write, record
a 'l need to do some research and then start writing.' 3 drawup [ . prepare and write
b 'l'm not going home until l've finished this assignment.' 4 setup \ continue for longer
rold c 'l'm going to work really hard to get a promotion.' 5 carry out than necessary
d 'When Lucie leaves, l'm going to apply for her job.' 6 follow up e distribute to
e 'To apply, I need to write my details on this page.' 7 send out
different people
f 'l want to print T-shirts and sell them online.' 8 write down
f do, complete
g 'l haven't finished my project yet. lt's Iate againl' g find out more or do
something more
h 'l don't think this one is right for me so l'm not going to
accept it.' continue with
something
rlfl$
e 8* Listen to five students talking about gap year
volunteering experiences. Match the speaker with the S Read the tips about holding meetings.
proiect. There is one extra option that you do not need. Write the correct phrasalverb from 4
in each gap.
o. #iffir;;i!:i;irj
AND RUNAI\{EETING

. (b) ............ an agenda {i1

which includes topics for discussion, :-3

timings and details of participants.
t:i

' (c)
li
agenda to all parlicipants well before the
meeting.
rgh
(d) the
3r, a disaster relief d tourism agenda as closely as possible.
rnd.
b conservation work e archaeology Don't let a discussion
led
(e) too long;
td c teaching sport f journalism
there needs to be enough time for all the
topics on the agenda.
e the best statement (A-F)
*3 Listen again. Choose
for each person. Use the letters only once. There is one (fl :.. .. ... . .. . all the
extra opinion that you do not need. decisions made at the meeting.
A I really enjoyed the work I did.
Appoint someone to
B Life in this place was more difficult than I expected. (g)
C I found the work very hard. action agreed at the meeting.
D I chose a project related to my hobby. At the end of the meeting.
E I thlnk the experience will help me in my career. review how effective it was and
F lt didn't help me in my job, but I loved it. ............. any suggested
improvements at the next meeting.
Speaker 1: Speaker 2: Speaker 3:
Speaker 4: Speaker 5:
Read the statements and choose either the past Complete the text with the past simple, p?st lr
perfect simple (S) or Past perfect continuous (C), perfect or past perfect continuous form of the
or both. verbs in the box. i

1
l

lt gives more imporlance to the duratlon drive u flnish " forget - go (x2) u have * knock
l
I
i
of actions. not wake up " stay uP ' study " try u visit
2 lt is formed with had + been + -ing form
of the verb. s/c Last summer I (a) .. . to Spain to
3 lt gives more importance to completed work at a summer camP. I (b)
actions. sie ..
just .. . school and I wanted to
4 lt is used to talk about actions that
do something different. I (c)
action.
occurred before another 5/e
Spanish for three years, but I (d)
5 lt is formed with had + Past participle. 5/C
the country before'
never.................. ............

Circle the correct alternative. I almost didn't make it!

1 l'd never been/been goingto Africa before' My flight was at 11 am on Saturday morning' The
2 l'd hetped/been helPing out with a local football night before, I (e) .... to bed
team for a couPle of Years. very late. I (fl to pack my
3 l'd travelled/been travelling for a couple of months suitcase. At seven o'clock in the morning, my mum
when I arrived. (g) on my door to wake me uP.
4 My parents paid part, l'd made/been making the rest She kept knocking, but I (h)
of the money myself.
the end, she came into my room. She told me that she
5 l'd been/been going to a developing country before'
(i) to wake me for over an hour.
6 We'd learnt/been learning about 18*h century history
at school, so it was all fresh in my mind.. w"(j)' . to the airPort, but when
we got there, I realised that I (k)
Write sentences with because. my passport. Fortunately the plane was delayed and
| (l) time to go back home
and get it

Write the sentences again without changing

the meaning.
1 He left. Then I did mY homework.
After ... . ....

2 I worked in Argentina. I made some good friends'

1 Her hair/wet/play football/ln the rain While .

Hg,,r ha1r wa; v't-e-!- b--e.94us9 ;hL.d b99vl P.laltLaa

foAlb4il in" thz rqivt,

l/hungry/not eat

She/exhausted/work/since 5 am

They/late/m iss/the bus

5 My teacher/#rnoyed/l/not do/my homework

6 Everything/white/it snow/for days We waited for two hours.

arrived.
After
7 l/noI recognise Sam/l/not see/him for ages
 I Write these phrases in the correct column. ,tls$i{*se84 Listen to two students doing the
i
speaking task. What do they decide is the most
I see what you mean, but ... ' I suPPose so, but I
useful?
That's a good idea. * What about you?
(: What do you think? u Yes, you're right. !
i
I

& tffile (/) the phrases that

:

84 Listen again. Tick

you hear.
o
What do you think about ...? L l
What about ...? tr Do you agree? tr
Yes, I agree. tr Yes, you're right. tr
That's a good idea. I I think you're right. tr
Maybe, but ... tr I suppose so, but ... tr
I see what you mean, but .. tr
I agree up to a point. tr
Complete the dialogue. Use between one and
Look at the mind map. Match the ideas (1-5) with three words in each gap.

. uP.
points on the mind map. Andy: Ithink the most useful thing you can do is work.

.ln
1 You learn to be more independent. Don't (a) so?
trqyel.ltw Megan: I agree (b)
she
iour.
2 lt's necessary after studying hard. point, but you need to relax so that you feel
fresh when you start your course.
1en
3 lt's an important skill in many jobs these days. Andy: I (c) you mean,
but it's important to get work experience.
d
Megan: Thatt true. What
It! something you can talk about at interviews.
(d) about
travelling? I think it's a good way to relax and
5 You earn money and get work experience. see the world at the same time.
Andy: I (e) . so, but it's
exPensrve.
Megan: So maybe the best thing to do is to work and
then travel.
Andy: Yes, | (fl

plv.

How useful are

these ways of
spEnding time
before starting
university?
 Read this statement, which is an essaytitle. Do you agree or disagree with it?
Write your ideas in the form of short notes or a mind map here:

'All young people should

work for at least two Years
before they go to university.'

How can you make sure that the ideas in your essay are well organised?
> STUDY SKILLS page 94

2 Organise your ideas in 1 in this essay plan. 3 Write your essay using your plan in 2.

ffi
"r4€;

.;@.
, Paragraph 1:
lntroduction with general statement on the topic
and your opinion
ffi$ffi$ ffiffiffiffiffi#.#
.#

.r4.ffi?,.

,8a-

Paragraph 2:
+ffr
Fir.st and most lmportant reason for your opinion
.+#\,

.&.

Paragraph 3:
On" or. two other reasons for your opinion or another
.*fl, person's opinion, and why you disagree with it

ffi.,,

"€tr

**@r Paragraph 4:
Summary and conclusion restating your opinion
*#t

Eryi

.o6gg+@rr,+r.:++t<oe"+e".e=@
 Grommqr Vocobulory
I Circle the correct alternative. I Complete the opposites.
1 My dad used to/would be self-employed, but he 1 work indoors work
found it very stressful.
2 do shift work work from
2 By the time I got home last night, Sam already left/
3 be an employer bean .

had already left. 4b

3 What exactly did you do/were you doing when I

4 work part-time work
called you last night? 5 badly paid job job
4 When lgotto school, I realised thatl forgoU
had forgotten my keys. Circle the correct alternative.
5 We would go/were going on holiday to Spain every 1 A sales manager is responsible for/deals with making
year when I was young. profits through the sales team.
2 l'd like to be self-emoloved/unemoloved and run mv
2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a own comPany.
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the 3 l'll be home late this evening. I have to work /ong
word given. Do not change the word given. Use hours/overtime.
between two and five words.
4 When a local car factory closed down, many workers
1 First, Shannon went to the library, then were fi red/ m ade redu ndant.
she went to meet her friend in the caf6. HAD
5 He was retired/sacked from his last iob because he
After Shannon was always late.
the library, she met her friend in the caf6.
2 6 You need to go to college to get the right
Josh was the shortest.boy in his class, but
experience/oualifications for the iob.
now he! the tallest. BE
7 This job would be ideal for you. I think you should
Josh the . ... ..
aoolv for/to it.
shortest boy in his class, but now he's the tallest.
3 Dina didn't feel well for about a week before
Complete the sentences with a word from each
she went to see the doctor. BEEN
box. There is one extra word in each box that you
Before she went to see the doctor, do not need.
Dina ....... . . .. well for
# about a week. fill .get*keep aheadoat"down
4 Yasmin didn't do much sport when she take*turn.work in*oneover
younger.
was USE
Yasmin You need to....... . .. . this form before
...... .much .. ..

sport when she was younger. you see the doctor.

5 I didn't revise for the exam so I got a I don't want to work at night so l'm going
bad mark. REVISED 1o.. . . . ....... the job.
I got a bad mark because 3 Some students have worked all weekend so
for the exam. they can with their exam
preparation.
Choose the correct option, a, b or c.
4 My dad's company is going
1 About 15 people ......... outside the cinema when we 1o .................... .. . another company because
got there. its owner wants to retire.
a waited b were waiting c had waited 5 I find English difficult sometimes, but I want
2 I .... here In London for about two years now. 1o .... . .... . it because it's important.
a live b am living c have been living
3 By the time I got to class, there was no one there Delete the word that is not possible.
The other students .
1 work in dangerous/stressful/skilled/good conditions
a went b were going c had gone 2 do paperworUmanual work/exoerience/a course
4t this film before and I don't want to see it agaln. 3 be an undergraduate/a graduate/a tutor/a lecture
a b
saw have seen c had seen 4 do shift worUhomeworUa mistake/well
5 Some people a lot of different jobs before 5 get a good grade/marUnote/result in an exam
finding the right one.
6 get a degree/a graduate/a student loan/a masterb
ado b are dolng c did
7 make a oromise/an assionment/a suqqestion/
6 We . . . for six hours when we finally got to our an excuse
destination.
a drove b were driving c had been driving
,l Reoding
,/ -t
./,
E Read what students say about doing a degree in the UK.
2
4:j
Tick (/) the points that they mention. Add trro more reasons to the list.
1 to experience a different education system 4
Z 2 to have freedom and independence -tl
to make friends

7
/,
3 to see the world and experience a different lifestyle tr

4
4
z
/?
y'"
I chose to study here because
l*: I came lrere because l'd lived my lcame here because I was
// the education system is f-n
L/ whole life in the US and I wanted impressed with the facilities and the
/1
different. At home, our teachers to see something of the world. staff are friendly. ln lndla, teachers i;!El
x-4t-+

2 would talk and we'd listen, whereas here

I can discuss questions with my
The UK had always appealed to me
because of the culture. People
are feared and can't be your friends. I can
manage my own time, too, and no one
,1:!11
?#,+

?
Hf"i
classmates and communicate differently, but one main worries as long as you do your coursework.
t+iE
tutors. Having a problem is the sense of humour - it took ln lndia, parents put a lot of pressure on you '8I"1
f,,f"ii

7 western degree about four months before I understood because they're concerned about your future !Fi!i
:ri1g

@
can help you to when people were joking, I expected and everyone is i;ii$
?:9.$

I
get a better job England to be green with lots of farms, but
, with a higher l've travelled around a bit and it's more
involved in making
decisions. I have
salary too. I used diverse than I expected. The best thing some international
/l to watch TV
series back
Xiu, 21, China
about the experience is the people l've
met. I plan to stay friends with them when
friends from my
hall of residence,
I :i I

home so I had an idea about the way of go homel I missed my family at first, but I tend to spend

7
/2
life, but it was still a shock. l'm not really
a party person, but most students here
especially at
Thanksgiving, and
time with other
lndians. We
Raghav, 19, lndia

L:j enjoy partying. I volunteer as a Chinese my mom used to celebrate our festivals and play cricket
language teacher, and discussing call me every day, together. At home, my mother would do
cultural differences with my students has but now she only everything for me, but here I have to do
helped me to adapt. I think the biggest calls once a everything myself. l'm not good at cooking so
, challenge for me is the language. l'd month. l'm doing l'm always having takeaways. England is

Z
,4
passed English exams before lcame,
but I still make mistakes and lose marks
my own thing and
l'm happy. Beth, 19, the US
expensive compared to lndia, especially the
accommodation and fees, but luckily my
in assignments. family is paying.

I
For questions 1-8 choose from the three Use of English
students (A-C). Each student may be
Z chosen more than once. 3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. 6
Z
1z
Which person says ...
they usually socialise with people
Do not change the word given. Use between two and
five words.
H from their country?
they've had to learn to look after
1 When I was at home, my mother did everything for me. USED
*, themselves?
At home, my mother
everything for me.
,'1 they didn't understand people 2 At first, my parents phoned me every day, but now it's
at first? only once a monthl
2 their qualification will help them At first, my parents
WOULD
,,,', me
get ahead in their career? every day, but now it's only once a month!
, they found it difficult to adapt to Beth met her best friend after living in England for about
* the student lifestyle? three months. BEEN

fi
,,,
they like the country more than
they expected?
Beth
three months when she met her best friend.
I never enjoyed learning languages when I was
in England for about

younger. USE
7 they find the language a challenge?
7
/,>
I they were attracted by the culture?
When I was younger,
learning languages.
I

"z Students here have a lot of parties. I find it annoying. ALWAYS

Students here partres.
 Listening Wtiting / r''i
./ ,,/
4: ffie the beginning of the afticle.
*5 Read S You have received this email from a friend.
Then listen to five opinions about students UnCgf_l!n_e_ the information that you should include
working. Choose the opinion each speaker in your reply. Write notes about your answers, and
I expresses from the list (A-F). Use the letters only then write your email. Z)
once. There is one sentence you do not need. ,/lr

THE DECLINE OF THE Hil

How are you? I'm planning to come to your country to
4i
',1i
SATURDAT JOB study this summer, but I'd also like to f,nd a part-time job.
Is it easy or difflcult to flnd a job? what type of job do you
'li
/ ,/l
think I should apply for? What's the best way to flnd a job?
/rri
Serving in a shop or
restaurant used to be Write back soon and let me know. ".ti
,t l1
how teenagers earned /.t;
Thanks, /ll
pocket money and got
their first experience
of work. But over the
2t
1/)

last two decades, the /' .L)

-1,
number of students
with part-time jobs has Z)
,n//
fallen, with many feeling the pressure to study rather ,/,,,
than work. Some parents believe it's essential to work ./ ,/
for money, like the footballer David Beckham and his
fashion:designer wife Victoria, whose teenage son has
be*n serving tea and coffee in a coffee shop, Other Z:,
,/l
a./
peopldbelieve ...
t,
/tt
{:r'
A Students don't have time for part-time jobs. 'l)
, ,/\
B Schools need to prepare students for working life. /lt
c It's impossible for young people to find part-time
jobs. 1t
/l:

D Employers don't want to give jobs to students.

/,t,
//:
//.
E I don't think young people are Interested in working.
F Work experience helped me to find a full-time job.
-.1'
',::A
/ .r,

'l Speaker 2: . ..... Speaker 3:

' ,/'
Speaker :

Speaker 4: Speaker 5: . . /
7,
/)
'"1.
6 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. !n some sentences, there is more than one mistake. Z
1 l'm considering to go to the university next year. 7 My dad would live at home when he was a student.
7
l'd like study marketing, but it depends on my 8 l'm interested to find a work in a bank or in an office. Z
notes. Z,
When I went to London, my friends already lived
2
7
OULD 3 My parents didn't used learn English at school there for a year.
me
,
10 Its difficult live in another country if you don't speak
2
t
4 Daniel is studying in France since six months.
the Ianguage.
BEEN
about l'd like to find a good-paid job when I finish my
11 I often do mistakes when I write my English
career.
7
I
homework.
U5E

Sara has been writing three assignments so far

12 My dad made redundant after to work in the
IA'AYS
this term.
company for 20 years. #
es.
#
 ? Use the clues to complete the puzzle and find the two words in the shaded column.

1 you wait for a train here

2 the underground or subway in London
3 a road built for fast travel
4 bags and suitcases
5 the people who work on a ship, plane, etc
6 a person who travels but doesn't drive
7 a person who works in space
'8 a common type of public transport
9 a line of cars waiting to move (two words)
10 you travel in this, especially on a road
11 this takes you into space
12 a journey by plane

& Complete the sentences with the correct form i

of these verbs. Use a dictionary if necessary.

,-*---** -
l
=

; drop eff a Qet away . let in " get stuck

l'm late. Can you me

at school on your way to work?

We, on our.lourney at
5 am to avoid the traffic.

Write the most appropriate word after each Can you

Sentence. station and take me home?
The high-speed train from London to Paris leaves
: travel " journey * trip -. voyage at 7 am and at 10.30 am.
1 I flew across the Atlantic from London 5 lt's a long way from London to Edinburgh so we
to Boston and then took the train i decided to in Manchester
across four states. , for a night
2 | sailed all the way around the world 6 My parents came to the airporl to .

on a yacht. lt took three yearsl r ffl€ . when I left for Amsterdam.

3 Itook the ferry across the Channel
I need to for a few days
early yesterday morning and came
so l'm going to the coast for the weekend.
back in the evening
4 My mum's job involves going to lots . I we traffic jam for two
. urinI aour
' , - rruoy evening
hours every Friday svsr .rrrv on vur way home.
of different countries so she's v :

always taking flights

 Read the article quickly. Answer the questions.
1 What is PRT?

2 ts it more similar," oro". ,r"";;;;;' ;';;",. ,'.r'p..t, I magine a world without cars - a world with no
I traffic iams, no pollution and no worries about
I parking. This is the dream of Ollie Mikosza,
the inventor of PRT, the Fersonal Rapid Transit
3 Will it soon be in operation in cities
".r"0
,i" *"r'Ot system. PRT is a _c_ro-ss between a taxi, a bus and
a cable car. lt can take you door to door from your
home to any building in a city without any of the
inconveniences of driving or waiting for public
Read the article again. Complete the gaps with sentences transport. But will it work?
A-G. There is one extra sentence you do not need. According to Mikosza, PRT will revolutionise the way
we travel in cities. PRT is a system of individual vehicles
A This will have obvious benefits for the environment.
which travel on metal structures above roads, buildings
B The podcars, as they are called, are self-driving. and even over water. (1) They are controlled by a
C Passengers can relax, read, watch television or simply enjoy computer so you simply choose your destination and
the computer calculates the fastest and most direct
the views as they travel.
route to get you there, avoiding any possible collisions
D They say that they will spoil the appearance of cities. with other vehicles on the way. (21 .

E Light vehicles are essential to keep costs to a minimum. PRT has all the benefits of a car and none of the
inconveniences of public transport. The podcars are
F lt came into use as far back as 1970 and connects three designed to carry only two or three passengers so you
university campuses. don't have to share with strangers. (3) .... . There are
G They're even considered safe for young children to use on no schedules or timetables because the vehicles wait
their own- at stations for passengers to arrive, instead ofthe other
way around, and they operate 24 hours a day.
It may sound futuristic, but versions of PRT are already
in operation in some places in the world. The oldest
and most extensive system is in Morgantown in the
Which of the following opinions are suggested by the
writer of the afticle? Tick (/) the opinions. US. (4) Around 15,000 students use it every
day to travel between university buildings and the
.,,,-i
1 PRT offers many advantages as a means of transport. city centre. Other cities have considered introducing
2 PRT is one of many possible ways to solve the PRT system, including Auckland in New Zealand
l,*=i and Amritsar in lndia. Greenville County Economic
transport problems. !i
Development in the US is meeting later in the year to
@ 3
4
The system is too expensive to install. 1i
L-j decide whether or not to g_o- ah_e-ad with plans to build a
system there. lt will cost about $50 million, but the CED
mi People will only stop using cars if there is
convenient alternative.
a
believes that it will succeed in reducing traffic problems
;_i where other systems have failed.

ri 5 Benefits for the environment are more important (5) . The podcars are powered by electricity so there
i

i
than the appearance of cities. r:
i_l is no pollution from exhaust fumes and the vehicles are
virtually silent so there is no noise pollution either.
;l
!

Does this mean that we will all use podcars in cities

in the future? Surprisingly, in spite of the many
Match the -u-4fl_9{i_qed_ words in the article with these
advantages, it seems that PRT isn't going to be the
definitions.
norm anytime soon. One of the main drawbacks of the
1 stop hoping that something system, critics say, is that the metal structures used to
will happen or change carry the podcars are unattractive. (6)..
However, Mikosza isn't going to gjyg-up _o_r1 his dream.
2 a combination or mixture He plans to build tunnels for vehicles to travel through
3 start or continue : in areas of beauty or with particular historic interest,
although these tunnels will make the system more
ves 4 happening or existing in expensive to build.
lm. many places lnterestingly, he also points out that more than a century
passed between the invention of the first car and
,e
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the their wid-e-sp-re-ad use. So perhaps we will see PRT in
,ster operation at some time in the future, if not in the next
words from 4.
few years.
1 The government has decided to . . . . ,

with plans to build a new motorway.

2 Snowboarding is a between
ys surfing and skiing.
3 Predictions indicate that flying cars will become
within 20 years.
two
! 4 He .. .. the idea of travelling for a
!
year because he didn't have enough money.
 Match 1-5 with a-e to complete the rules about future tenses.
We use .-.
'l the present simple a based on evidence.
2 going to for b based on thoughts, opinions and expectations.
3 going to for predictions c plans and intentions.
4 the present continuous d after expressions of time, like when, before, as soon as, etc.
5 willfor predictions e for confirmed plans and arrangements.

2 Decide whether each statement is an intention (!)

or a prediction based on evidence (P).
Complete the sentences with the correct future
form of the verb given.
Icc

1 My little brother is growing so quickly. 1 Next month I ........ . (give up) d

-.
- He's going to be taller than me soon. l/@ taking the bus to school and start walking instead, rn
2 Su-Li has slowed down a lot. She's not 2 My brother is sleeping so I ml
going to win the race now. 1/P to ask him to help me with my homework.
(be) able q
3 Jonathan says he is going to give up The plane . (leave)at
eating chocolate in the new year. ll? 7 o'clock tomorrow morning, so we have to get up -E
lle
4 My headache has gone now so l'm going early to get to the airport on time. i-gt
to go out tonight after all. l/ P I can't go with you, I .. . .. .. (play)
5 What are you going to do if you don't get basketball at 5 pm - we have a match on Sunday. EI
into university? l/? 1r

Circle the correct alternative.

1 He is going to study maths when he is going/goes
to university.
2 Dave plays/is playing tennis at the leisure centre
later.
3 I meet/'m meeting Rich at the space centre
Decide if the sentences below contain mistakes
tomorrow.
in meaning (M), form (F) or spelling (5). Then
4 Jack should get some new trainers correct the sentences.
before he starts/will start
his athletics training.
1 I going to get fit this year. M/@ls

I will meet Peter at three o'clock to

play tennis. M/F/S

3 Let me know as soon as you will

gets home. MIF/S
Tick (/) the sentences in which will is used
correctly. A new after-school club is begining
'l My birthday will be on a Tuesday this year. il next week. M/F/5
2 What will you do next weekend? il
:
;
3 Our flight will leave at 9.30 tomorrow morning. fl Economists say that the economy
grows next year. M/F/5
) 4 I will study law at Bristol University next year. ttr
i
) 5 l'll probably go skiing during the holidays. il I can see you're busy so I wan't disturb
I
)
)
l
6 Are you cold? l'll close the window. il you now. M/Fls
: Write the incorrect sentences in 4 again using the
: correct future form. It! going be dark soon. We should go
)
home now. M/F/S
2

The train to Madrid is going to leave at

/
quarter to six. M/FI5
:
l

a
Ifl
@
esi

y,
Is
I

tls

/s

t<
 t Draw lines to match the verb forms with the tenses and their uses.

i will have done future continuous how long an activity has been in progress before a particular point in the G
I
frr
I
I future
willbe doing fr,rre activities in progress at a particular point in the future
simple i activities/states that will be finished before a lar point in the future

Read the sentences and circle the correct alternative.

1 Susannah will have arrived home by six o'clock.
At six o'clock, Susannah will be at home/travelling towards her home.
2 Rick will be running his first marathon on 23d March next year.
Rick's first marathon will be before 23d March/during 23d March.
3 Harry will have been coaching our team for five years. in May.
ln May, Harry will become the team coach for five years/complete five years as the team coach.

Match each pair of sentences (1-5) to a photo (a-e). Then complete the sentences with the future
continuous, future perfect or future perfect continuous.
1 Photo: 4 Photo:
a ln four years' time, she/he a ln two years' tirne, she/he
(start school). (win her first big race).
b ln ten years' time, she/he b ln five years' time, she/he
(study lots of different school subjects). (train for the next Olympics).
2 Photo: .. ,
5 Photo: .

a ln two years' time, she/he a ln three years'time, she/he

(still work in a shop). (retire).
b ln five years'time, she/he b ln five years' time, she/he
(become a shop manager). (travel around the world for six months).
3 Photo: ..,

ln two years' time, she/he

(qualify as a chef).
ln ten years'time, she/he
(manage a restaurant for about two years).

4 Find ten extra w+ords in the text.

My brother is one of those people who will knows exactly where he will be and what he'll be doing at any time in the
future. For example, he's going to be go to university to study medicine next year. ln five years' time, he'll have been
finished his course and he'll be working as a doctor. ln ten years'time he'll already be getting married and living with
his wife and two children. As soon as they will have enough money, they will buy a big house in the country. I know that
when he retires, he will have been worked his entire life. Personally, l'm very different. I will have no idea where l'll be
doing in five years' time. I hope l'll have doing a job that I will enjoy, but I don't know what that will be at the moment.
 E Look at this task. What are the two parts of Ll$rffi*ll{S,e *? Listen to a student doing the task.
the task? Does he do both pafts of the task? Yes / No

Compare the photographs and say what you think about

the j LlfiIXlilS e *? Complete the gaps (1-8) with these
= the ways of travelling on holiday. phrases. Then listen again to check.
i First part: = but one big difference between the photos
turg * whereas in the second photograph
j
Second part:
= ln the first photograph
* Compared with
= while
* Another important difference is that
* ln both pictures
x Both photographs show
(1)
people travelling on holiday
(2)
the girls are probably
travelling by plane, (3)

the girl is cycling. (4)

the people have luggage, (5)

is that the girls have got a lot of things with them,

(6)
the cyclist has only one bag on
her bike. (7)
the girls in the
-ffi first photo seem relaxed and happy, perhaps because
they're starting their holiday, but the cyclist is working
m hard to go up a hill on her bike. Perhaps she's on a

@ cycling holiday because the countryside there is very

beautiful.
@ I think they are both good ways of travelling on holiday.

* Travelling by plane is fast and comfortable. You can

travel long distances and get to your destination quickly.
(8)
re
w flying, cycling is slow and it
can be uncomfortable, especially if the weather is hot or

r
it's raining. But I think it can be a good way to see the
countryside. The girl in the picture is alone and there
aren't a lot of other people around. Finally, she's doing
exercise and getting fresh air at the same time so it's
@ a

healthy way to travel.

Practise doing the task in 1.

Read this task. Write some ideas for your story. E Write some ideas for the beginning, middle and Gr
'1 You have decided to enter a short-story competition end of the story.
in an international magazine. The story must end with
t
-a"9iiiiig'Shortsection,i.,t,oa,.ingsettingand
the following words.
characters and an 'explosive' or life-changing incident
David walked out onto the launch pad towards which starts the action of the story.
the spacecraft, taking some /ast deep breaths
of Earth's atmosphere. He turned, waved at the
crowd, and then climbed aboard. His lifetime's
dream was coming true.

2 Ask yourself questions about the ending.

For example:

= Who is David?
j tVtiddle: The longest section, where characters respond to
a Why is he doing this?
i

the incident and start trying to solve the problems that it

& Where is he going? has created.
ffi ls he going to return?
ffi ls he happy about going?
ffi When and where is this happening?
E How did he get to this point?

i i"Jt irgh p"i"t

"itr.."
story where everythinsils ;;l;;;.'i
: David on launch pad, waving, dream coming true i

3 Write your story using your notes.

d Grummor Vocobulory
I Circle the correct alternative. I Complete the sentences with the correct word
'l I will meet/am meeting a friend at the airport tomorrow. using a prefix and the word given.
2 Do you think il will rain/is raining next weekend? 1 lt is highly . (likely) that a

3 Hurrv uo. The train wil/ leave/leaves in five minutes. human will reach Mars anytime soon.
4 Craig loves sci-fi so he's going to love/loving this film. 2 lt is . .. . 1. .. ... (responsible) to ride a

5 l'll call you as soon as I 'm getting/get home. bike without lights at night.
3 Our team has had an incredibly
2 Complete the sentences with the future continuous, (successful) season, losing
future perfect or future perfect continuous form of
all but two matches.
the verbs given.
dto 1 I ... ... .. .. . .. this book by Friday. 4 lf your answers are ... ..... . ... .

rit You can borrow it then. (finish) (complete), you will lose marks.
2 When we go to see Amy, she 5 l. . .. (estimate)the time it
in Berlin for two years. (live) would take to do my assignment and handed it
Don't call me after midnight. I in late.
(sleep)
By the time they come home, they Read the clues and complete the crossword.
for six months. (travel)

Choose the correct option, a, b or c.

1 As soon as L........ from university, I will buy a house.
a will graduate
b wlll have been graduatlng c Araduate
2 Global warming until we change the way we live.
a will have continued b will continue
c continues
3 By the time the space probe returns to Earth, it.......
millions of kilometres.
a will have travelled b is going to travel
c will travel
4 I can't see you tomorrow because I . . . in a concert.
a will play b play
c am playing

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar

meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
Do not change the word given. Use between three
and five words. Across

1 There's a party next week at Lucy's. HAVING

2 rooms and equipment, e.g. at a university

Next week, Lucy

6 a journey somewhere and back

2 I started doing yoga three years ago. FOR

8 a course of study at university
10 extra hours at work
three years.
11 a move to a higher level in a job
Greg went home before we arrived. HAD
When we arrived, Down
home. 1 a long journey by boat
We'll get to the cinema after the start of the film. WILL 3 a talk to students at university
By the time we get to the cinema, the 4 start, for example a company
film
5 made to leave a job
Jane worked at the shop for three years
before it closed. BEEN
7 a system when you choose when to work

When the shop closed, Jane

9 get on a ship or plane

there for three years.

 Choose an adjective from the box that you think
each person must/must not be in order to do their
job. Try to use each word at least once.

. bossy * determined -l
asser-tive ' insecure
narrow-mindgj n F€lryeus . patient + polite c quiet
reserved * tactful * tactless

a security guard i

Which word in each group is different? Circle the

odd one out.
'l bright silly clever intelligent
2 sensitive shy brusque reserved
3 modest bossy pushy arrogant
4 assertive ambitious determined easygoing
5 mature serious tidy reliable

Complete the compound adjectives (1-6) with

these words. Then match each one with the
description of a person (a-f).

confident * headed " minded n atuured

red i

tempered " working

I
i What should you include when you make a record of a
_i new word?
i
i

'l broad-.WLndPd 4 bad- B STUDY SKILLS page 94

2 big- . 5 self-
3 good- . 6 hard-.
a David gets angry with other people very easily. Find another word that can go with the words
b Nina s very open and will try to see everyonet below to make compound adjectives. Use a
dictionary. Make a note of any other adjectives
point of view.
you know that are formed from two words.
Kate never gets nervous about talking in front
of lots of people. self-
Rosie is friendly and kind with everyone
she meets. good-
Rob acts as if he'g more important and
intelligent than other people.
Henry does about four hours of revision every
night after school.
 Read the article quickly. What do you think is the boyt
extraordinary talent? Then read the article more carefully GIFTED TEENAGER
and check. BREAKS SCIENCE RECORD
a He started a science degree at the age of 13. 13-year-old Jamie Edwards made history when

I b
c
He became the youngest person to win a science competition.
He did an advanced science experiment at a very young age.

Read the afticle again and choose the best answers.

he became tlre youngest person in the world to
create nuclear fusion1 in the laboratory of his
secondary school.
When Jamie flrst
informed his head
1 Jamie's experiment was exceptional because ... teacher about his
plan to create nuclear
a nobody believed that he could do it. fusion in the school,
b only older people had done it before. he was stun_n-ed.'l was
allttle nervous,'he
c everyone thought that it was too dangerous. admits. Fortunately,
,
2 He was motivated to do the experiment because ... afterlamie gave a
presentation about the
a he was interested in radiation.
safety and the benefits, head teacherJim Hourigan
r b he wanted to be the youngest person to achieve nuclear agreed to let the experiment go ahead.
fusion.
Iamie had always been interested in science and
c he was inspired by a young scientist that he read about developed a fascination for radiation. He even saved
online. up to buy a Geiger counter, a device that detects
radiation, with his pocket money. But his ambition
3 He got the money to build his machine from ... to create nuclear fusion was _sp-a-rk-ed when he
a his school. came across a story about TaylorWilson, a 14-year-
o1d schoolboy from the US who had become the
b engineering companies and universities. youngest person to produce a small fusion reactor
c his science teacher. in 2008.'1 looked at it, thought "that looks cool" and
decided to have a go,' he says.
4 The experiment was useful because ...
He calculated that he needed about f2,000 to
a Jamie built the machine using simple materials.
build the machine, and f,rst contacted nuclear
b the idea may help to produce a form of energy. laboratories, engineering companies and universities
c teachers, experts and newspapers could see it. to enlist their help. Not surprisingly they didn't
take a 13-year-old seriously. So with the help of his
5 For Jamie, the experiment showed that ... science teacher, he tumed to his head teacher and
a young people can do extraordinary things. persuaded him to fund the project.
*r
b he could become an engineer or nuclear physicist in the ! 'I was a litde After months of work.
futu re.
:
, nervous.' admitted andmaKtngmany.ol
c he had support from his teachers and school.
I -lamiet treaa +r the parts hlmsell, ne
was ready to-tryrf out
:[* teacher. *] just days before his 14'h
birthday. ... And when he tumed on the switch, the
,l Decide if the statements are facts (F) or opinions (O).
Geiger counter reglstered that fusion had indeed
taken place. 'Seeing that purple glgy4 was the
best part,' sald Edwards. As the neutron detector
I
I 'l Jamie has become the youngest person to achieve
t4i nuclear fusion. F/S
conflrmed it,;amie knew that he'd become the
I
world's youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion
2 Not many teenagers are interested in doing -fggn-s-c-r_a_qc!,
using high energy to sm_a-sh hydrogen
atoms together to create hellum.
@ science experiments. Fl*
@ Speaking after the experiment, Jamie was delighted.
@
3 Jamie learnt about safety before doing the experiment. FIO 'lt's quite an achievement. I can't quite believe it!' he
I 4 Nuclear fusion is the best option for producing said. Scientists around the world are now repeating
i
t
clean energy. f /* Jamie's experiment, but on a much bigger scale, in
the hope of using it to fuel cheap, environmentally-
5 Jar-nie is likely to become a successful nuclear scientist. F/0 friendly power stations with the aim of producing
clean, carbon-free energy.
Meanwhile, Jamie, who has ambitions to become
Match the grl{g{iggd words in the article with these an engineer or nuclear physicist in the future,
definitions. remains down-to-earth and is modest about his
achievements. As he says,'None of this would have
1 break into many small pieces happened if it wasn't for a science teacher who
believed in the dreams of her pupi1, and a head
2 caused, made to happen teacher who was willing to take a risk to give me the
opportuniry So to anyyoung scientists out there, no
3 a soft light
matter how young, nothing is ever too big for you to
4 from nothing try A11 you need is curiosity, determination and an
open mind.'
5 very shocked I NUCLEAR FUSION is a reaction inwhichtwo or more atoms
collide at a uery high speed and form a new type of atam. During
the pracess, energy is produced,.
Answer these questions about comparative and Write sentences 1, 4, 5,6 and 8 in 2 again using
superlative forms. not as ... as.
1 How are regular, one-syllable comparative adjectives 1 Other -c-l4ild.r.q,U, dq.t \e4yp..q{ ..qa!cHy. a; r,h11d.......
formed? qewlwJe^s

qdj.eL{.LVs.t ey + thn4;....... 4 Jane

2 How are regular; one-syllable superlative adjectives 5 Jared
formed?
6 Peter
8 Jarvis
How are comparatlve adjectives of two or more
syllables usually formed? Write an appropriate response using one of the
expressions in the box. One of the expressions is
not used.
How are superlative adjectives of two or more
syllables usually formed? Better late than never! u Better safe than sorry!
Easier said than donel * The sooner the better!
This is going from bad to worse!
5 How are regular comparative adverbs formed?
1 When would you like me to fix your comPuter?
6 How are regular superlative adverbs formed?
Sorry you had to wait so long - I missed my bus and
had to walk.
To which adverbs do you add -er and -est to make
the comparative and superlative forms?
Do we really need to wear helmets and a harness for
climbing?
Which adverbs do not use more, the most or -er, -est
in their comparative or superlative forms?
Our walk is a disaster! Not only has it rained all day
but now we're lost!
Write the correct comparative or superlative
(adjective or adverb) form of the word given.
1 Child geniuses learn much
. ywo-rf, quLQkJy qha1.. .. .. ... most children. (quick)

2 Rupert is basketball
player in our school. (good)
3 Of all the 20'h century inventions, computers have
changed our world
(dramatic)

4 Jane goes jogging .. .. .. . in

the summer than in the winter. (often)
5 Jared rode his bike
usual and he crashed it. (careless)

6 Peter finished he had

expected to so he'll be here soon. (early)
7 The teacher said Steve needed to research the
topic . . he had done.
(wide)

Nina plays the piano

Jarvis does. (energetic)

9 The you stay,

the your dog will
behave. (calm, good)
 T Complete the table with the different noun forms. ,i@ile e &s Listen again. Are these statements
True (T), False (F) or is the information Not
Mentioned (NM)?
1 Jade saw the programme about
su per-recogn isers. T/r/ruM
Most people couldn't remember
the computer-gen erated faces. T/F/h:M
The Brazilian student's abil'iiy was
important where he lived. T/r/ruM
The 15 people at the station were
actors wearing identical clothes. TIFIhiM
The graphics student recognised
eight people from the station. T/FJiEM
Jennifer was able to recognise
someone she saw when she was
a child. T1rlrur*
Moira's ability has helped her to
get a new job. Tlr/ruk:
People with face blindness can
only recognise people that they
know well. ?/ F/ runt
Which noun suffix can these grotrps of
words take?
1 great, lazy, polite, soft, weak
2 journal, guitar, cycle, psychology -ship: often used in words which describe
connections between people
3 improve, develop, enjoy, argue
-hood: often used in words to deseribe a state,
4 intelligent, different. independent, stage, condition or a group of people who share
patient something

@ ** Listen to a conversation between

:..ttOUXU.tt 5 Add ship or hood to form other nouns and
two teenagers about hidden talents. Tick (/) the write a definition. Check in a dictionary.
@ correct option.
1 Leo is interested in the ability to ... t chitdhoad
: tl"" tlw trr..!tfe. Whewygu..qr!. a.cli.ild
a lies.
detect tr
b remember faces. tr
c remember names. tr
3 friend
2 He thinks it's a useful talent ...

a if you are a teachet E mother ......

b if you work in a I
shop.
c in solving crimes. tr
neighbour

pa rtner.........

member ..

brother .

,
I
i
I
J
 Complete the rules about using afticles with a./an, Circle the correct alternative.
the or 0 (no article). 1 My little sister is enough/too short to reach the top
1E
'l Use q/aW .. wlth the first mention of a singular, shelf in the library.

JE
countable noun. 2 I spent three hours revising, but I don't think that was
long too/enough.
2 Use ... with a thing/person that is one of a
number of things.
3 The snow was so/such deep that it covered the wall
in my garden.
3 Use .. ...... .. .. with someone/something that 4 I found the film too scary lo watch/watching.
is unique.
5 The show was so boring then/that I fell asleep in the
4 Use. with things in general. second half.

5 Use... . . with superlative adjectives/adverbs.

6 lt's a long time since l've read suchlso a great book.
7 Leanne had six sandwiches for lunch because she
6 Use ..... .with a specific person or thing that was solsuch hungry after her run.
was mentioned already.

fi Complete the story with a, the or 0 (no ar.ticle).

,rm.
.r.,"=s ? a
-:"..
-P.:"itl..
rr.r.H
,; E ffi i
,g#a#* .

i 'a
,tE

There was (a).,...... ... .... little boy ca1led Bi11y who was often
seen around the loca1 newsagent's. Some other boys who 5 Complete seven of the sentences with one
regularly used (b) shop made fun of him and called of these words. Use each word once. One
him names, telling him he was stupid. They kept playing sentence doesn't need a word, so write 0 on
a trick on him, offering him money. He had to choose the line.
between a nickel (5 cents) and {4 dime (10 cents).
Billy always took (d)....... .........,. nickel. Nickel coins are larger + an 5 enoLlgh e so u suCh * the u tOO
than dime coins so {e) ............... boys were tricking him into
taking the less valuable coin. 1 The musician gave a poor performance because
One day, after Billy had once again taken (f) ,.................. nickel, she was nervous to play her best.
the newsagent decided to talk to him. He said,'Billy, you're Lisa had coffee in a cafe this afternoon,
being tricked. td '. dimes are worth more than
(h) . .. .,.. nickels. Do you think (i)
and . . . .cafe owner has just phoned to
nickels are
say she left her purse there.
s/orth more because they're bigger?'
Bil1y lookedat (j) . . ., neu/sagent and gave (k) . .. .... .
l'm not brave to go on a roller
broad smile. He laughed,'If I took tl)... .. coaster.
dime, they'd
give up. So far, I've saved $151' The child s face was . dirty that it was
difficult to see who it was!
B Match the halves to make sentences. Try to do
this from memory, then check on page 51 of the Can you tell me the name of
Student's Book. English-speaking country in the southern
hemisphere?
1 We use such to a too and enough.
2 We use so to b say something is sufficient. Do you know whether . fish can
hear?
3 We use too to c such and so.
4 We use enough to d intensify an adjective or Seeing Jason at the cinema after . .. . .

adverb. long time gave me a real surprise.

5 We can use that after e intensify a noun. Can you tell me how you became
6 We can use to + f say something is excessive. university professor?
infinitive after
 ! Look at this presentation topic and decide how .... . geniuses aren't always successful in life.
much you agree or disagree with the statement. a that
Make notes to explain your ideas.
lt's also true tr
b lts important to remember that tr
vas 'All childr:en can be geniuses ;f their parents,give them . .. there are more important things than being a
genius.
a Last but not least, tr
Do you agree with any part of the statement? b The point l'm trying to make is that ... tr
. ..., I think real genius is something you are born
with...
a Tosumup tr
b ln conclusion f-]
Do you disagree with any part of the statement?
Practise giving a presentation on the topic in 1.
Use some of the expressions in 3.

Review your performance.

1 Did you find making the presentation easy?
Your conclusion about the statement: Why/Why not?

2 :ffi,t*EtEe *? Listen to a presentation on the topic.

Answer the questions. Were there any things you'd like to do better? If so,
1 Does the speaker agree or what? How can you improve these aspects of your
disagree with the statement? Agr** I Fisagree performance?
2 What are the three main points given to support the
@ point of view?

6 Prepare a presentation on this topic. Then practise

iffiee *S Listen to the presentation again. giving your presentation.
Tick (/) the phrases you hear.
Chitdren who have a very high lO need.special education
. that I disagree with this statement.
at sehools that are specifically designed for them.
a l'd like to begin by saying ... tr
b The first thing l'd like to say is ... tr
......, the definition of a genius is someone who is
more intelligent and skilled than other people.
a Firstly tr
b First of all tr
, I think that a real genius is usually born with an
exceptional talent.
a Secondly tr
b Another thing is tr
., I believe that parents sometimes put a lot
. ..
of pressure on their children to be very good at
something.
a What's more tr
b Furthermore I
 ? Write notes about the people in the photos. 3 Write about Kieron for the task below.
Make notes first.
!a
1A
::3 Write a description of someone who has an
r:g
i;z
unusual life. lt can be a famous person or
someone in your life, for example a friend
or relative. Explain why you think it ls an

-#e&
unusual life.

&
NOTES
Paragraph 1:
Brief, basic information about Kieron

Paragraph 2:
More detailed information about Kieron, what
he looks like, type of person he is, hobbies and
1 What are they doing?
interests, family

2 How do you think they're feeling?

3 What kind of characters are they? Paragraph 3:

What makes his life unusual and not unusual

4 What do you think connects them?

3 Look at Photo a and read the newspaper afticle below

about the boy.

.f) ainting genius Kieron Williamson secured world media

I attention when his first exhitrition fetched @
f 150,000 and sold out in less than 30 minutes.
He was seven years old at the time. Following
the exhibition, Kieron and his family,
from Holt in north Norfolk, featured on
international news channels and across the
UK's TV shows and newspapers.
Now aged 13, Kieron is already a millionaire and he has been invited to
exhibit his work around the world. In many ways, Kieron is a perfectiy
ordinary boy * he loves being outdoors, playing football and riding
his bike fast. But his talent for painting has changed the Williamson
family forever. Keith and Michelle, his parents, work hard to ensure
the pressures do not mount up and that Kieron has a balanced life.
Nevertheless, he no longer attends school and is educated at home. And
he is aware that he is a provider for his family.

Child prodigies are mofe common in music and drama than in fine
art, but either way the transition to adulthood can be a tough one.
Accomplished as Kieron's paintings are, part of their appeal is
undoubtedly the story of precocious talent that goes with them. If he is !

still doing similar work when he's 25, itmay prompt a different reaction i What should you do when you finish writing?
F STUDY SKILLS page 94
Grommqr 5 Choose the correct option, a, b or c.

I Complete the sentences with the correct form of |(1) my grandmother at least once a week since lwas
the adjectives or adverbs given. 13. She s always (2) strange things, like the time when
she (3) a huge sculpture in her garden. lt's still there
1 They are all awful photos of Sally, but this one is
and I (4) the neighbours like it very muchl She was
the.. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. (bad).
(5) . nurse when she was younger, and she's taught me
2 Lions don't run (fast)
that it's important (6) .. a carrer that you enjoy.
as cheetahs.
3 Bill Gates is one of the .. .. ... 1 a am visiting b 've been c visit
(successful) businessmen in the world. visiting

4 How can we measure the results of the 2a does b doing c did

experiment .. .. .. (accurate) 3a has made b made c makes
than we did last tlme? 4a don't think b am not c haven't
5 The (far) you walk each thinklng thought
day, the fitter you will get. 5a the b a c
6a have b to have c having
Complete the sentences with so, such, too
or enough.
1 I had a rough trip across the Channel
...
Vocobulory
that I never want to go on a boat again! I Write the adjectives in the box next to their
2 My grandmother is .......................... . .. old now that she opposite adjectives. There is one extra word you
often forgets things. do not need.
3 l'm not assertive .............:................ . . to be a manager.
bad-tempered * broad-minded * modest
4 late to go to the cinema now.
It's outgoing " pushy * self-confident " tactful
The filmt already started.
1 insecure
Write a/an, 0 (no article) or the. 2 reserved
1 I don't know why people hate sclence. 3 narrow-minded
I love it. 4 good-natured
My uncle's just started working as .................. history 5 arrogant
teacher.
6 tactless
3 l'm going to buy jacket I told you about.
4 I think ..... magic is ................ interesting hobby, Complete the text with the correct form of the
don't you? words given.
What kind of job would suit your personality? lf you
Complete the second sentence so that it has a (perform), you need to
want to be a (a)
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. Use have plenty of (b) . (confident) so you will
between two and five words. be comfortable in front of an audience. lf you want
to be a (c) (science), you need to enjoy
1 I don't have enough money to buy that
computer. TOO working on small, detailed tasks. Whatever you decide
to do, it's important to get a good (d)
That computer
(educate) and to do something that will bring you
to buy.
(e) (happy).
2 I went to bed early last night because I was tired. SO
I was .. ... I went to Use the word given in capitals to form a word that
bed early. fits in the gap.
It's gettlng increasingly difficult to find student 'l The of Sam at the party was
accommodation. AND a complete surprise. APPEAR
It's getting ............... .. .. to The car factory provides
find student accommodation. for many of the students' parents. EMPLOY
The film was so boring that we left before Winning the singing competition was
the end. SUCH . because I had a bad cold. EXPECT
It was ... ......... .. .......... we left 4 A local is speaking on TV
before the end. on Saturday night. POLITICS
That shelf is too high for me to reach. ENOUGH 5 Your essay was on the wrong topic, so can
l'm . .. ........... ........ to reach you it, please? WRITE
that shelf.
'a
,/,
Reoding
1 E An intelligence quotient, or lO, is a score from 4 Contlnue the following number series with the group
, a are
test designed to assess intelligence. Here of numbers below,
I
'1 somequestionstypicallyfoundinanlOtest. 1 10 3 9 5 8 I 7 9 6
Can you answer them? G
circle? Il E
,1
? 1 What is the word inside this 3 Read the article. Number the information in the
2 Which of the following is least
0 n order it appears.
,
like the others? n $ a
4
/, T
what Mensa is

/, Doem
l'""" novel oaintina
r'-"---'-d b the reasons people join
./', statue flower
'" " -,
//, - :**- ,, c the youngest member of Mensa 1

/-. 3 Four years ago, Jane was twice as old as Sam. Four
/, years on from now, Sam will be 3/q of Jane's age. How d the kind of people who join
'.-t old is Jane now? e the aims of Mensa
//
'.y.
{,t *
ln order to become a member, Adam took weekend playlng games. At the end of the
the Stanford-Binet test which measures weekend, five games are chosen to receive
reasoning, knowledge, visual-spatial the Mensa stamp of approval. Previous
processing and memory Mensa requires winners have included Trivial Pursuit,
top
members to have an lQ that falls in the Scattergoies andTaboo.
2% of rhe population. Th"
Today, there are around I 20,ooo members
between 85 and 1 14, while"Y:t?9-1,o,:-
an
anyone with -
oiir?n.u in 100 countries throughout the
lQ above 160 is classed as an
world, Children are by far the fastest-
'exiraordinary genius'. (3) ... ,5s growing group, though most members

tr*w *a**
:r:i:.riii=
MenSastateSthatithaSff.iC,*arebetweentheageSof20and
ii; " - --v--.
-E t- three main Purposes: to ,#,e 60. (71 Some Mensans are
identify and advance
!
'{'- i., poor; some are millionaires,
a,)::::jr.
.t; .+.,ti:ffi$.
t42 TWo-year-old
- '! v
T\M boy
'=rii,
joins tut"i'
Mensa
5"'""*"['*'J''""ffiffiffi
[:[T]fljtr]T,l::|:
w&9
I

! ]',
\.:,
and the range of occupations
il3i[#r11:1r,r,il!!:
is staggering. Some memberu
)1..t are very successful, such as f
,::::
s,f"'ffi:*,"]"wi,fJ
,7 :::*;n:',fu"J::e;andto
intellectual
promote stimulating
'="+#1ffi$;i,*,.?ig;if'$'
pocxercacuator,JohnMcAree,
who designed anti-virus software,
1 y'\ dam Kirby's parents realised he was different and social opportunities for its and the author lsaac Asimov There are
1I Awhen he started reading at the age of nine
-.. (4) offers
members. \-' ........._ fhe organisation celebrities too, Iike Nolan Gould, who plays

',, months. By the age of one, he could recognise support for parents and teachers of gifted Luke in the W series Modern Family, and
'.r/. countries by their shape and put them in the right children, as well as a website that offers sports stars and musicians. But there are
/__
t place on a puzzle made for adults. At two, he could games, activities and puzzles. There are also Mensans who are truck drivers,
)4 spell over 100 words and count to over ,000 in 1 scholarships that make it possible for talented police officers and caretakers.
in Spanish and Japanese. He students to go to college and university, too.
I !.i-nl,:l
even i::I:-i
taught himself to use the toilet after reading a
As Mensans are keen to point out,
I'r,
.,1 l-raab
book an it airran
on i+ given +a larr q
him I vv
to him by rqr rrrv friend,
a family
a famihr r'r ru!
fvianA
The other advantage of being a member is inteiligence is something you are
I rrr I I rr
that it provides an n l^^^.t,,.iti, for children
opportuniiy rnr nhitr{ran born with. (8) .. Howeveri
{j;i
,/, Adam was so advanced that his parents decided to to meet and connect with others who have having a high lQ doesn't
./,
.l test his lQ. (1) , rrEvvooLrr9rrilrvrLsuLvlvilrursrilvrr
LsoLrilorv.tr, He was then invited to join the high an lQ as high as their
orrruoolrrvrroJLr own. Many
rvtruvvrr,rvror bright
ryuilvrrt necessarily make a good
rrvuENoilrytrrdnvavu
a) lQ society Mensa, the youngest boy ever to join at two children have difficulty fitting in withchildren student so, although
') years and five months old. of their own age. (5) .... They may even face Adam may find it easier
I
'z Mensa is the 1argest and oldest high-le society in the bullying.at school.for being the ones who to learn, his.future will

a-
' -/ world. lL was
VVU|lU. lt vvdo forindeO
lUUl IUEU in
ll I England
Ll lvldl lU inRoland
ll I 1946
l U by
Uy nvlol lU
always have the right answers' depend on how hard
/* scientist.
Berrill, a barrister, and Dr Lance Ware, a The society organises social events for adults, !e
works'1ust
A
'/ l2') Race. colour, nationality. age, politics, and .
too. (6)... There is also a Mind Games 5:""1'"""*::' g
/- educational or social background are irrelevant. event once a year when Mensans spend a E
//
7
I B Read the text again. Complete the gaps with sentences A-H.
':E'
7,/ A They learn more quickly and may have different interests.
'ra B Anyone can achieve a high level of knowledge if they have access to the right information and
t want to learn, bu$ lO cannot be changed.
t, C They discovered that he had a score of 141 - higher than many US presidents.
-.1
,-, D Adam's score of 141 places him just four points short of the 'genius' category.
',4
.,/ E Thev come from all walks of life.
'/. F Members are able to get together and talk.
a G The word 'Mensa' means 'table' in Latin, and was chosen because Mensa is a round-table society.
# H ln the case of Adam, it may help him to get a better education.
X
 Use of English
4 Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in 4,,';4

the gap.
The Mozart effect
A study in the 1 990s by (a) Frances RESEARCH './<
/'I
Rauscher, Gordon Shaw and Katherine Ky into brain 1.,
l,/
(b) led to an increase in music lessons for DEVELOP
/'/
1a:./
children. These (c) .... . conducted research with SCIENCE '
/:,
,,( ,,
a group of college students. They found that listening to
a Mozart sonata for ten minutes increased the students' ,,/
(d) ...... .. in spatial-temporal tasks such as map PERFORM 1.,,,
reading. This led to reports in the media that learning to play
/''
,r/
a musical instrument could make a (e) to the DIFFER 4.,.,.

size of your brain. The 'Mozart effect', as it became popularly

.,/
.l:-

t,,
known, makes the (f) that listening to Mozart SUGGEST /.'1.
4.J
would make children perform better, and parents needed no tr/ t,

(g) to enrol their children in music classes. ENCOURAGE

/,

Listening Wriiing 'r/

!.t
5 @ :* ea Pratt is planning to go on a trip
tlffil{l}tB ? Read the writing task and write your story.
,., j/

around the world. Listen to a radio interview and

choose the correct alternative.
Write a story for a competition in an international (t
1 Ed is going to travel by bicycle/unicycle. students' magazine. The story should start like this:
2 His trip will last about 1B months/two and a half years. Steye knew thattomarrow's journey was going to be a)/
t..1.
3 He'll travel nearly 18,000/28,000 miles. difficult. He set his alarm clock and checked his bags
one last time. Everything was ready.
4 He'll have about 15/25kilos of luggage.
,,,
ie
ys
5 He's raising money for a charity called 'School in a './
/.t
Bact/Rucksack'. r' ."
i

/'"
& Correct the mistakes in the sentences. ln some 'l;
sentences, there is more than one mistake. ,/,
//
lI
1 By this time next year, he'll have been finishing his )1 1

travel around the world. l,

,l
Most people aren't enough brave to travel around '//
the world alone.
//.
,/
3 l'm going to have a bath as soon as l'll get home
t..1
,/
This time next month, we'll relax because we'll
/i.,/
//.
finish all our exams.
@'C* tisten again. Are these statements
LI$Ttilll{E
True (T), False (F) or is the information Not 1-::,
Mentioned (NM)? nrratf ;;;;;;;;; ; :;t;
Emily works more ,/
1 Only one other person has travelled ";; /:,--;1
around the world on a unicycle before. T i * ! 7"5?e "/,
'r/
2 Hes been planning the trip since he left
Our fly will leave at nine o'clock tomorrow. /)
//:
school last year. T !Fi?rt*A /,,
3 The only transport he will use during the 7 The travel by train was to expensive so we
trip is his unicycle. v i7;11j"7{1 decided to go by bus. /"
4 He'll be camping for part of the triP. T i*!?::W
5 He has already raised f7,500 for charity. z !* ;?.*?&

/-
 E Read the clues and complete the crossword. Across
i1*
-:: 2 money you get back if you give a seller
Ii I
"--":--Tl-*-;**-*:
---------- -----,-- i- too much
ir--"l-
,. 3 when something is good for the money you
:;
t': pay, it is good ... for money
t:
l, 5 a cheap purchase
".-.'-.''..-.-..-.-*,--------------- 8 a payment you make for borrowing money
:3 : :4 i :-i ;

10 money you pay to the bank for their services

i-
-i--r**:--*i-i
i:
1 2 money you owe

13 money given back when you return something

Down
T: 1 use more than is necessary
ii 4 an amount of money that you borrow from
the bank
6 a piece of paper you get from the seller
iil:
r-t i*-: 7
when you buy something
a savings or current ...
9 an event in a shop when prices are
discounted
11 payment for a service

# Who pays interest on the money in a savings account

the customer or the bank?
-

@ What do people usually carry cash in?

# What four things are usually written on
a shop receipt?

ffi ls a 10% discount better than a 20%

discount?
#
*nu do shops have sales?

Where can you go to withdraw money lf you buy a chocolate bar for e l,B5 and you give the
* from your account when the banks are closed? shop assistant a t5 note, how much change will you get?

Why is it better to put your money in a current account

* than keep it at home?
..j: TIMETAKEN:
.,il

Do the quiz. Time yourself. Can you

answer all the questions in three minutes?
e- Circle the correct alternative. Use a dictionary if
Number these events in the order they necessary.
would usually happen. 1 I spend most of my money in,/on clothes and games.
a You receive a bill for f210. 2 Mv oarents oaid/paid for mv new comouter.
b You pay the mongy back with interest. 3 Would you like to pay in/by cash or in/by credit card?
: c You open a current account. 4 My brother decided to take up/out a loan to buy a
I
I motorbike.
d You arrange an overdraft.
5 l'm savino up/uo for some new trainers.
e You pay the bill.
6 Have you got change for/to a f50 note?
+ You put f200 into the account. 7 I bought this jacket tn/on a sale. lt was good value for money.
I You withdraw f210. 8 The interest you pay in,/on student loans is usually low.
1 Complete the sentences with these words.

environment u sy6lu6ls u job What is the difference between skim reading and scan reading?
i

A person might live without money ...

1 because they don't have a
Read the article and circle the correct alternative.
2 in order to protect the ............................... for 1 Carolien lived without money b".urJ" she had to/wanted to.
future generations.
2 She managed/didn't manage to live without it for a year.
3 to the importance of money. 3 The exoeriment was a oositiye/neoative exoerience overall.

COULD YOU LIVE

WITHOUT M@NEY?
ffi ,' cnrlr., ru,E ALTERNATIIrES ffi, HaTEgr
Carolien made careful plans before People have asked Carolien ifshe ever felt like
starting her experiment. She contacted gling up. She admits that on one occasion
an energy company and they agreed she did when she was invited to vislt frlends
to supply her gas and electricity for in Berlin where she didn't have her usual
a year in retum for research on their barter system in place. Although they said
green products. She managed to cover she didn't have to pay for anythlng, she felt
In todayts society, we have to her food needs by making bartering dependent on her friends. One aftemoon, she
have money. Or do we? A few agreements with a restaurant, a farm went to an AIM and withdrew some money so
brave individuals have tried and a shop. In exchange, she worked that she could buy them an ice cream. It was
living without money for a time on various projects, such as creating an the oniy time she spent money though, and
and the results have been quite education programme about food. when she retumed to Rotterdam, she carried
as before.
surprising. Garolien Hoogland
ffi
_o_n
rnenmclous
is one of these people.
Initially, the shop was reluctant to ffi looxrrvc BAcK
get involved because they said they Carolien's project ended at the beginning of
ffi w+rvaleuP MoNtY? couldn't afford to. She had to persuade 2011, and she reluctantly started using money
On NewYear's Eve 2009, Carolien them that they didn't need to pay her again. During the 12 months, she found that
wrapped her purse in a newspaper but could give her what food they could her quality of life had actually improved. 'Life
and didn't open it again for a year. The _sp_q1q. Meanwhile, the dance studio became so much simpler in a nice way, it was
30-something academic researcher where Carolien took tango classes as if the buz_z_of a thousand different choices
from Rotterdam was starting an allowed her to continue her classes a day disappeared,' she says. She found that
experiment to see if it was possible to and in retum she distributed publicity she didn't need to buy things to be happy.
live outside the conventional economic for them. And instead of going to lnstead, she needed people, and as a result
system. She wanted to try living in a restaurants, Carolien cooked a meal her relationships with the people around her
more stimulating and fU]lllr1rg *"y. every week and invited her friends. became deeper. Carolien continues to live in
She also believed that we should try to They would bring drinks or a dessert, a sustainable way; she rycles everywhere and
preserve the environment for future and Carolien's home became a meeting doesn't fly, she buys second-hand fumiture
gen erations thro u gh _su_s_tain-ab1 e_ livin g. place for social gatherings. and wears clothes given to her by friends.

Answer the questions.

1 What motivated Carolien to do her
Decide if the statements are fasts (F) or opinions (O)?
experiment?
1 'Carolien made plans to money.
live without FIQ
2 lt's impoftant to earn a goodsalary. FIQ
3 Money is important in today's society. Fl*
2 How did she pay her energy bills?
4 We should all live without money for a year. F/*
3 What did she do for food?
5 Match the underlined words in the article with these
definitions.
How did people respond to the
experiment? 1 using methods that aren't
bad for the environment
What was a positive outcome of the 2 have extra that you don't need
experiment? 3 noise, usually made by an insect
4 continued
5 satisfying, making a person feel good
 Circle the correct alternative. The cows escaped from the field because the walkers
1 They don't accept cards or cheques in that shop: you didn't close the gate. (ought to)
ouqht to/have to oav with cash. The walkers the
2 When you have a job, you must/should open gate.
a
current account. 6 'Thanks for handing in your homework today, Jakel
3 Gemma and her brothers take it in turns to cook, and Its a day earlyl' (not need to)
Gemma oughtto/has to cook on Mondays. Jake . homework.
4 Freddie's parents say he doesn't have/isn't allowed lo
go out this week because he was really late home on
Saturday night.
Read the text and then write what Sharon
5 Cathy works as a waitress on Saturdays and she
should have done differently yesterday. Use
has to/should wear a black jacket and skirt.
ought to, should or shouldn't have done.
6 lf you haven't arranged an overdraft with your bank,
you 'd better/mustn'i spend more than you have in
your account.
7 When someone takes a photo of you, you shouldn't/
needn't close your eyes.

2 Complete the first column with the present form

of the modal verbs in the box. Then write the past
form in the second column. Some forms are used
more than once.

i .up'1 . have-+'e * needn't * need to i

i not be allowed to u not have to * not need to

ought not to . ought to * should * should not
i

I i

express obligation and

Sharon had a bad morning before school yesterday.
say that something happened Everything went wrong. First of all, she forgot to set
but was not necessary her alarm clock so she woke up late. Then she rushed
say something didn't happen into the kitchen to make some breakfast. She put an
because it wasn't necessary egg into a frying pan and it stafted to cook. Then she
went to get her school bag ready. When she came
criticise a past action or say
back. the egg was burnt. She threw it away and just
that it was a mistake
had some coffee and toast. Then she went to get her
say something was prohibited jumper. But she remembered that she washed it the
day before and it was still in the washing machine.
She looked at herwatch. Oh nol lt had stopped. lt
needed a new battery. She looked at the kitchen
Complete the second sentence so that it has a
clock and saw that she had to leave in five minutes.
similar meaning to the first, using the verb given.
So she switched on the TV and there was a funny
I lvan tried to open a bank account but couldn't programme on. She watched it and then she was late
because he didn't take his passport. (should) for the bus. She walked as quickly as she could, but
lvan .. ;funld ha,le tqkL-n. .. .. his she couldn't run because she was wearing flip flops.
passport. She missed the bus.
2 Mia felt sick because she ate four cakes and an ice
Shafl.v1, p1.agl"t ta haUg .s9t he1..ql4rntt
cream. (should not) 1.!qc.k,

Mia .. . ..... four cakes

and an ice cream.
The wind was so strong that the ferry didn't go to the
island for three dqys. (could not)
The ferry
windy.
'l'm sorry, the swimming pool is full - you can't go in,'
the woman said to Ben. (not allowed)
Ben ..... because it
was full.
 Match each sentence (1-6) with the sentence which means ffiffiffie11 Read the summary of the
the same (a-h). There are two extra sentences that you do podcast. Predict the type of word that
not need. goes in each gap. Then listen again and
complete the text with one word or
1 l'm spending less money than usual. number in each gap.
2 l'm spending lots of money on these things.
The lnca Empire started in the (a)
3 l'm keeping some money each week to use later.
with a small(b) * .....,.tribe living in
4 I don't have much money, but I have enough. (c) . lt had food. textiles, cocoa
I 5 I bought these things on the way home.
and (d) , but it didn't have money.
6 I gave Jane the money that I borrowed last week.
The population of about (e)
a I picked up a few things.
million people lived in cities that were as

b I get by. (fl as European cities but better

places to live. These cities were connected by
c l'm setting some money aside.
d I paid back some money.
about (g) . kilometres of roads. The

e I couldn't get them because they'd sold out. empire was controlled by the (h)
and instead of paying taxes, the people
f l'm cutting back on my spending.
(i) . ln return, they recelved food,
g I bought something which came to f2.50.
tools and (j) The empire may
h l'm splashing out.
have concentrated on growing food because

Choose the correct answe[ a or b. of the complicated (k) in the

'l region. They used the extra food that they grew
Janice hasn't got enough money in her account to buy a
printer. What shouldn't she do? to take control of local (l) ..... . .. ... ..... . .. The
emplre collapsed eventually, but they had built
a set some money aside b splash out
it without spending a cent.
2 Sandi spends a lot more money than she earns. What had
she better do?
a pay it back b cut back
3 Simon wants to buy three things in a shop, but he only has Match the phrasalverbs in bold in
a little money. What does he need to know? sentences 1-5 with the definitions a-e.
a how much the three things come to 'l lf you buy online, it's quick and
b how much he needs to get by easy to shop around on
different sites.
4 Antonio needs some new socks. What must he do?
That shop ripped you off. I only
a pay some back b pick some up
paid half the price for the
5 George needn't have rushed to the camera sale in the
same book.
photography store. Why not?
Many students run up large debts
a They'd already sold out. b They'd cut back.
when they are at university.
6 Paul borrowed some money from his dad, but now his dad
says he can keep it. What needn't Paul do? It will take me years to pay off
my student loan.
a put some money aslde b Puy the money back
Both my parents have good jobs
#$Effie'Ei Listen to a podcast. What was unusual about so we never have to do without.
the Inca Empire? Why?
a not have something you need
b charge someone too much (informal)
c let something increase
d finish paying back a debt completely
e compare prices in many places for the
best buy
I Complete the line with these words. 4 Complete the table with the correct past modal forms.
Then match each past form with its function 1-4.
could * €arn+ E mdy * 1'6sr1 * might
Use this form when there is:
1 90-100o/" certainty that something was true.
Possibility
2 50y" cerlainty that something was true.
3 50% certainty that something was not true.
o% 50"/" 100%
4 9O-1OOo/o cerlainty that something was not true.
cadt

Complete the sentences with could, can't

or rnust
1 That food has got meat in it. lt
be for vegetarians.
2 I don't know where Peter is.
He . . be in the kitchen or
he .. . . be in his bedroom.
3 l've lost my mobile. lt be at
home because I used it on the bus on my
way to school.
4 Greta didn't come to football practice Write the sentences again with must, may ot can't.
today. She be ill because she 1 l'm sure that James missed the bus.
wouldn't miss it otherwise.
.I4mw. wwt hayg, rwk;-g,./. .trlaz..b w,
5 l'm not sure which teacher we've got this
morning. lt ... .... be Mr Marks if he's
2 ltt possible that Ann hasn't left yet.
not teaching the other class.
6 The match . .......... finish soon: they've l'm certain that they didn't see us.

already played an extra ten minutes.

l'm sure that it was a mistake.
Complete the sentences with might not
or can't.
I think John took your coat.
1 I ..cometothe
concert - it depends on what time my
basketball match finishes.
Jim definitely .. be in

the race because he's twisted his ankle. Circle the best phrase.
My mum is going out with her friends 1 He can't have forgotten my birthday. He wasn't able to./l'm
tonight so she grve sure he didn't.
us a lift.
2 You must be lired. Thatb an orderlNou haven't slept.
We've only got a few minutes 3 Sarah must have picked up my mobile. She had to./There's
before the train leaves, but if we run, no other exolanation.
we miss it.
.................
4 That may be David on the phone. He often calls in the
Mr Taylor ,..,,,..'...'..,, be the ev eni no. /H e h as oermission.
new School Director - he's too youngl 5 They needn't have brought a cake. So they didn't.NVe've
6 This tTee .. be an oak already got one.
tree because its leaves are the wrong shape. 6 Jane can't be at home right now. lt isn't allowed.lThere
aren't anv /iohts on.
*,
7 You could have called to say you'd be late. Why didn't
vou?/Perhaps vou called.
8 Tim might not have got my message. I know that's what
haooened./l supoose it3 oossib/e.
9 You shouldn't have bought that jacket.lt /ooked great on
vou./lt was too expensive.
? Make notes about the two photos. What Write the phrases in the table. Add one more in
is similar and what is different? each column.

at the top " can't have , could have " in-the-ntidle

I imagine " l_nrcaft ,, l'm not sure, but
in the foreground , I think ,, lt looks as if
Let me think " might . more convenient
on the left/right '. Personally, = quicker

eomparing

I vnr-aw

LISTEI{I|'16 @:= Listen to the second part again.

= Tick (/) the phrases in 4 that the student uses.

tlSlElllll6 @ zZr"-? Complete the sentences. Listen

again if necessary.
Similar:
1 We can see the people standing in a
queue of
the picture.
Different: 2 They a bit impatient. I

they've been waiting for a long time.

3 The man in the second picture
all his money and now he
LlSTElllN0 @:: Complete what a student says when needs more
= comparing the two photos. Then Iisten and check. 4 lt's much to use a machine. But if
people at a bank, you need advice or if you have a
Both photographs (a)
complicated question, itt . to speak to
but in the (b) photograph, the people
a Person.
are inside the bank (c) in the second
5 Also, machines aren't as
photograph, a man is using an ATM outside the bank.
people because they can break down.
ln (d) pictures, people are withdrawing
6 SO,iN MAChINES ATE
money ... But one big (e) .. is that in the good, but they shouldn't replace people.
first picture, there are people waiting in a queue ... The
7 , I like using machines, but sometimes I

man in the (f) picture doesn't have to wait prefer to speak to a real person.
because he's using a machine.
7 Practise doing the task. Compare the two photos
@ :: Listen to the second paft of the
tl$IEiltllc
and say what you think about machines that
= task. What is the student discussing? Tick (/) the provide services.
correct option.
a using credit cards instead of cash tr
b customer service in banks tr
c machines that provide services tr
? Read the situation below. What is the problem?
You can add your own ideas.

You were in London last week and you bought an item

of clothing in a shop in Oxford Street. You have returned
to your home and now find the iter"n has a hole in it. \/ou
have not worn the item yet. You did not notice this in the
shop. You cannot go back to the shop because you live
too far away. Ycu are returning the item in a package with
a note.

Rearrange the following parts of a letter of

complaint in the right order.
a Explain what solution you require: paragraph
b Describe what you bought, where and when,
how much you paid, whether you tried it on, how
you didn't notice the hole. Give as many details
as possible (you can add your own ideas here):
paragraph .

c Describe what happened when you returned home

& Can you remember the advice given in the Writing
and discovered the hole in your item of clothing (you
bank on page 57 of the Student's Book? Complete
can add your own ideas here): paragraph the tips.
d Explain why you are writing: paragraph 1 For a formal letter, start with
Dear . if you don't know
the name of the person who will receive it.
2 Don't use many
or............................ and don't use
4ny....... . . .

Using the paragraph structure in 2, write notes for 3 Use words which are . .. ....
each paragraph.
and more

Paragraph 'l:
4 End the letter with
Yours .... . . if you don't
ta rp-tary.t- q T1;l+iyt/ jas,kzt-/.j9aw/ {gqrf
know the name of the person who will receive it.

S Write your letter of complaint.

Paragraph 2:

Paragraph 4:
 Grommor 4 Circle the correst alternative.
I I Choose the correct option, a, b or c.
More and more vouno oeoole (al ooen/are ooeninq a
I bank account these days. There is a growing need, driven
1 You ....... travel a bit before you stail university. by lnternet shopping, for under lBs to access (b) an/the
a should b need c ought account with a plastic payment card.
2 You... . to be 17 before you can get your Helena, aqed 16, who (c) has/has had an account since
driving licence. she was 14, summarises the benefits. 'My mum got tired of
me (d) asUasking to use her card', she says. 'l had pocket
a had better b are allowed c have monev. but I (e) mustn't/couldnt use it online to download
3 We to the beach yesterday; the weather was music and films. (f) To have/Having my own card is a lot
much better than today. (gl better/safe than carrying around cash.'There are other
a needed to go b should have gone benefits, too. Mark, 15, says, 'l (h) opened/was opening an
c could have gone account with a bank because they (i) were/had been offering
4 They........ to the station because the train was late. free gifts. This (j) can/may seem a rather light-hearted
a weren't allowed to rush b couldn't rush approach to opening an account, but banks know that itt
c needn't have rushed important (k) to catch/catching customers early.

5 Do you think we our neighbours about the

party? Vocobulory
a had to tell b could tell I Complete the text with words from the box. There
c ought to have told are two extra words you do not need.

Complete the sentences with must, might, may bank fees . bill . cashpoint , current account
or can't. debt . interest o overdraft s pay * withdraw
1 There . .. .. be a problem with When you decide you want to open a
my phone because it won't allow me to make calls. (a) . at a bank, there are
2 That house with all the plants in front of it several things to consider. Firstly, find out what the
. ...... be Diana's house because I
(b) are for the services they
know she hasn't got a garden. provide. Secondly, if you think you may sometimes spend
more money than you've got, you will need to arrange
3 Henry said he go to the
an (c) .. Find out what rate of
concert, depending on how much it costs. (d) ......... .. .. .. the bank will charge while
4 Lily have seen the thief you (e) back the money. And it
because she was away when her bike was stolen. you can't always get to the bank while it is open, you will
5 Ryan have been the one need to use a (f) so make sure the
bank has plenty of them in convenient places so you can
who sent me the card, but l'm not sure.
(g) .. . money when you need to.

Complete the second sentence so that it has a

Complete the words.
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. Use 1 Clothes shops often have s at the end of a
between two and five words. Contractions count season. You can usually get a b S ........ then.
as two words.
2 Remember to keep the r in case you need
1 I think you should see a doctor immediately. HAD to take the item back.
I think you 3 When you want to save money, you need to c..
doctor immediately. . b .. ..... on your spending.
2 ltt posslble that I left my bag on the bus. MAY
4 ThethingsIboughtc t. f25.00.
on the bus.
I
5 Can you p ........ u .... some bread at the shop?
3 You mustn't park here. ALLOWED
You ......... park Circle the correct alternative.
here.
1 The money you get back when you return something
A passport isn't necessary to open an account. vou've bouqht is a discount/refund.
HAVE
2 When you go from one place to another, you go on a
You . ........ have a
iourney/travel.
passport to open an account.
3 Something that is difficult to understand is
It was a mistake to buy that laptop. SHOULD u n beli ev abl e /i I I o gi ca l.
You ., that 4 lf you deal with the publlc, you need to 6e shy/tactful.
laptop.
5 You don't do many exams if your university has
contin uous assessment/assignments.
E Label the diagram with parts of the body. Place the events in the correct order.
a I made an appointment with my doctor.
b I soon got over my illness.
c One morning, I woke up feeling awful.
d The doctor gave me a prescription.
e I took the medicine every day for a week.
f The doctor took my temperature
and my blood pressure and asked me
some questions.
g I went to the chemist's to get
my medicine.

Answer the questions about health and

treatment.
1 What does a doctor usually do at a
check-up?

2 What two things can you do to avoid

heart disease?

What can a doctor do if you are allergic

to pollen?

4 What are the symptoms of flu?

5 How can you injure your ankle or other joint

if you fall badly?

* Circle the correct alternative. Use a

3 dictionary to help you.
Complete the table with the words in the box.
1 When I cut my finger, it took a week to
addiction " allergy= break " check-up = dislocate i
cure/heal.
" have a temperature " heart disease
feel dizzy -' fracture i 2 two hours cleaning the floor this
I spent
infeetien " injection " medicine 4 operation - prescription morning and now my back aches/pains.
shiv€r e sprain * take someone's blood pressure i 3 When I travel by car, I often feel
@utwist
ry.LWrsL I
: sore/sick.
After the accident, it took six months for
him to recover from his injuries/pains.
The best way to remedy/cure hiccups is
bre.ok L4fecnow tqko sayutnw's to hold your breath.
ternperatnre
i6 I don't feel well. l've got a temperature
and a sore/hurt throat.
:_
i
 Match the halves to make sentences. Read the Read the advice page again. Are these sentences
problems on the website advice page. According True (T) or False (F)?
to the advice given, are the statements True (T) or 1 Some people say they have more energy
False (F)? when eating a vegetarian diet. =;i?

1 lf you become a
a weight if you drink 2 Vegetarians should eat lentils and beans
diet cola. with broccoli or tomatoes. =;;T
vegeta rian,
'a :,1
2 You won't put on b if you sleep too much. 3 Diet drinks don't contain any sweeteners.

3 You'll feel bad c your hair will fall out. 4 Diet sodas make you want to eat more
7-';€
sweet things.
4 lf you do exercise, you d grow taller.
5 The light from technological devices can
keep you awake. ,:,"
6 lmproving your posture makes you grow. 7i?
; What should you do before you start to read a text? ,

1 "P STUDY SKILLS page 95 i

,_ __ -_ __ "- --,--'--,,----..-l

IF I E)(ERCISE, WILL It like lo beeome 0 vegel0ri0n,,,bul lte hoord lhol il malrcs

you feel weok cnd your hoir folls oul.ls it true?
I 6ROW TALLER? fi bolonced vegelorion diet is 0 per{ectly heotthy oplion.cnd os lqng

Many people think so. Some gyms even

l.los you eot plenty of plonis like lentils, beons.nuts ond !. seeds,
you'll ge1 the prolein you need.A tot of people soy they 0cluolly
offer fitness programmes that promise to
hove more energy otter switching t0 o vegetofion diet, especiolly if
make you taller. They involve a niixture of
they cul out processed foods os well, But il you find lhot your energy
Pilates, yoga and stretching, and include
tevels drop. il probqbly meons you oren't getting enough Bi 2 or iron,
hanging upside down like a monkey wrth
These ore both found in meut, but lentil$. beons ond nuts ore slso excellenl sources. l{ you eol lhese
weights on your ankles! However, dociors
with vitomin C+ich foods like tomqloes, broccoli ond orqnges, it witl help your body obsorb more i{on.
warn that this mav hurt your back. The
truth is that your height depends on how
tall your parents are, and on your p_o_sJglq
ln other words, if you stand up
straight, you appear taller,
But exercise alone has no
effect. Astronauts grow by All of us have an internal body clock which tells us when to go to
up to five centimetres while sleep and wake up, but what most people don't realise is that the body
in orbit hrecause they clock of teenagers runs later than at other ages. If you can't sleep at
don't have the effects night, you're probably following your natural tendencies. Having said
of gravity pulling them that, you should try to get between 8 and I I hours' sleep a night. You
down. That's the only way won't be able to concentrate or remembet what you've learnt unless you
to change your height! get enough sleep. My advice is to avoid surflng the Internet or playing
computer games, for example, Iate at night as exposure to light from electronic
displays suppresses sleep-inducing hormones in your body by 227or.lt will keep you awake.

'*i*.,+h*:ffi
Good questionl Diet drinks moy seern like o heolthy olternotive, bul in foct, they oren'1.
Artificiol sweeteners hove o more inlense flovour thcrn reol sugor, so if you drink o lot
of them, you become less sensitive lo sweet food ond your body croves more. Whols
more, lhese sweeleners trigger lnsulin, which mokes your body think lhot it needs lo
siore fol, ond thol leods to weight goin. Reseorchers in one sludy found thot over ten
years, TO% of diet sodo drinkers pul on weight oround their woist. Diel sodos ore olso
ossocioted with high bood pressure ond the risk of heort diseose

,? Match the _u_r1{g1li-ned- words on the advice page

with these definitions.
Tick (/) the ideas expressed in the article.
1 feel a great desire for
't A vegetarian diet isn't a healthy diet.
2 improve something to reach
2 Some products that seem healthier are
the same level
actually bad for you.
3 People don't understand teenagers'sleep
3 the position that your body is

tendencies.
in when you walk, stand or sit .

4 The exercises to help you grow are safe. ,

4 make something happen
I Complete the table with A-G and write an example for each conditional form.
A an improbable or imaginary situation in B present simple c would (not) + D a possible situation in
the present or future and its consequence infinitive the present or future
and its consequences
E pqstsimple F something generallytrue i 'G *ittlioi;ii iniinitiu"

2 Write the correct pair of verbs and decide if each 4 Complete the sentences with unless, in case or
sentence is True (T), False (F) or an Opinion (O). as long as/providing/provided that.

avoid u damage " doesn't burn * eat (x2) . get

1 I will join the basketball team . ..
make o put n rub * sit n sleep 6 snore u stops we don't have to practise on Fridays.
swallow"takesuwalk 2 I like watching horror movies
l'm not alone.
Youonly. .. aet hay fever
3 Ieatmeat ., it's a Friday:
if you .. . ...wsrLk '',,'.,,,.,, through
I eat only fish on Fridays.
long grass. TIFIO
you .... 4 I go out most evenings ...
lf . .. . green potatoes,
-rl!l$ there's a film on TV that I want to watch.
they .. ... .... you ill.
l'm taking a sleeping bug
Your skin . . in the sun if
I need to sleep over at my friend's house.
you......... ........ olive oil into it. TIFlS
I keep a notebook next to my bed
lf you ..... .. .. . .. a spider's web on a
I want to write something down in
cut, the cut...... bleeding. T/f/O the night.
You .. .. getting colds lf
you lots of garlic. T 1F / A
lf you . .. a piece of
chewing gum, it Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences.
seven years to digest. TIFIC. 1 I'll tell Paul if l'll see him.
You . . your eyesight
if you .. ...... too close to
..
2 lf you would do more exercise, you'd
the TV. T/ F/*
8 lfyou. .. ....... on your back,
.....more. 3 Your English won't improve
you ........ Tlff0 practise speaking.

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of

the verbs given. Take your umbrella in case it will rain.
1 lf the weather .. w4! ..... better today,
we . ........ W-4 *ld flay- . football in the park. But
lf Stephen were shorter; he won't be such a good
it's pouring. (be/play) basketball player.
2 ll you a hot bath before you
go to bed each night, you . . ....
6 You'd pass your driving test next week as long as
more easily. (have/fall asleep)
you didn't panic.
lf Sam to bed earlier tonight,
he. . more energetic tomorrow.
(golfeel) 7 lf you won't water these plants,
*
4 Steffi better if
she. ..... . a more comfortable bed,
. I won't apologise to Lisa unless she doesn't
but she can't afford one. (sleep/have) apologise first.
I usually .. well at night if
t... ........ some exercise in the day.
(sleep/do)
 Complete the idioms. Decide if they describe a 1& Listen again. Match each speaker with
tlffitB,$e
positive (P) or a negative (N) situation. a statement A-F. There is one extra statement that
you do not need.
1 Phil's throat has been making him feel really
under for a A 'Winning is not the most important thing.'
couple of days. PI FJ
B 'l run because I want to keep in shape.'
2 I go cycling and swlmming to C 'l didn't train sensibly.'
keep P/N u

I Once, I blacked
after a PE lesson because I hadn't eaten
D
E
'l don't take running too seriously.
'l started running while training for another sport.' . . ..

any breakfast. Fl f-* F 'Competing in races is very important to me.'

Hello, Nikki! Nice to see you
back ... again. Fif{
My throat is sore and l'm shivering. I think l'm
Write the idioms in italics in the correct place
coming .. .. .. the flu. f l*,, on the line.
I got eight hours' sleep last night and today 5 His leg is on the mend now that itt in plaster.
I feel on top Pl ht
l've been feeling a little offcoloursince I ate
some seafood for lunch.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a l've had a bad chest infection, but the doctor
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the gave me a clean bill of health yesterday.
idioms in 1.
My grandad was in a bad way before his
1 Sara has recovered and will soon go back to school. operation.
Sara ir back.9y,..hey feet 4gatW.. . . and will I had a terrible headache last night, but today I

soon go back to school. feel as right as rain.

2 Maria was ill yesterday so she left school early and My grandmother's over the flu now and she! up
went straight to bed. and about again.
Maria... .soshe I felt very run down after my exams, but after a
left school early and went straight to bed. few good nights'sleep l'm fine.
s He's got some pills and is on the road to recovery.
He passed his test - he's so happy! c My grandmother is 80 and she's as fit as a fiddle.
He passed his test - he's .... . .l
I hate the sight of blood - if I see it, I feel dizzy and 6 o
sometimes even faintl very ill not well getting better very well
I hate the sight of blood - off colq+:r qw thL vwzni

5 Pedro goes horse-riding to stay fit.

Pedro goes horse-riding
Complete the sentences with the correct idiom,
e ?4 Listen to five people talking about aorb.
marathon running. What other sports do they do 1 Although it's only seven o'clock, Harryt gone to
or have they done? Tick (/) the spods you hear. bed because he's feeling a little .... ..
climbing tr cycling tr football tr a on the mend b off colour
horse-riding tr surfing tr swimming tr !
Jim was young and fit so he was soon . . . after
'i
walking tr voga tr I
his operation.
!
I
a run down b up and about again
I

! Having spent three months in and out of hospital,

Mrs Swann has at last from the doctor.
I
I

a
ffi I
I

I
I
b
had a clean bill of health
been in a bad way
Nina is so glad now to be . . . afterthe kidney
!

I
!
infection that had made her feel so unwell.
a
!

on the road to recovery

b run down
5 Stay in bed, take this medicine and drink lots of
liquids and you'll soon be .. . ..

!-i
a in a bad way b on the mend i
Complete the sentences about the third Read the situations and complete the sentences.
conditional.
1 You bought that blue jacket. (But now you don't
'l To form the third conditional, we use if like it.)
+ .. .. . in one clause and would If qil\l Lhadvtt bq4ght./,tat blwe jacket, .

+ .. in the other clause. 2 You are wearing a thick jumper. (But now it s hot.)
2 We use the third conditional
I wish
for situations in You lent your maths book to Tom. (But now he's
the lost it.)
)f on)y )
Match the halves to make sentences. Your dad always tells jokes at parties. (lt's
'1 lf he hadn't encouraged me to run, embarrassing!)
2 lt l'd rested, Iwish
3 lf I hadn't eaten so many sweets when I You haven't done any guitar practice this week. (But
was younger, now you have your lesson.)

4 lf l'd run in proper running shoes, I wish

5 lf I hadn't started too fast, Your friend always phones you at dinnertime. (And its
annoying you.)
6 lf l'd read the instructions properly,
Iwish
a the journalists wouldn't have wanted to interview me.
b .y ankles would have got stronger.
c I wouldn't have had so many problems with my teeth.
Circle the correct alternative.
d I wouldn't have found a sport I loved.
e I wouldn't have broken my phone. 1 lf only I had/would have enough time. l'd visit
that new museum!
f I think I would have won the race. 2 I feel terrible today. I wish I went/had gone to bed
earlier last night.
Complete the sentences with the third conditional
forms of the verbs given. 3 lf I'd set my alarm last night, I wouldn't wake/have
woken uo late.
1 lfl (train), 4 Jane thinks everyone likes her. lf only she knew/
I (won) the race. had known what oeoole sav.

2t (write)to you if 5 I wish fim asked/would ask me out.

I (not be) busy.

6 lf you hadn't told me about the party, I wouldn't
have/have been knewn about it.
3 rfr 7 That was a lovely meal, but I wish I didn't eat/
(know) how expensive the dish was, hadn't eaten so much dessert.
I (not order) it. 8 Why is Sarah angry? I wish I knew/had knownl

lf he (ask),

t. (lend) him some

money,

l. (not buy) Jess a w

t q*
4
present if she (not
give) me one.

I. (go)to the party if +FiE

I (not have) other plans.

E Read the task. Write an advantage and disadvantage for each sport.
::tr::."r=

Choose a, b or c to complete the final part

of the dialogue.
Examiner: Now you have a minute to decide
which sport you think is best for
your friend.

BASKETBALL
&,
#' MMING
.#
RUNNING
%-
Jamie:
Maria:
(1)

Well, I think that (2) is tennis.

It might be expensive, but you can
w*
s"-
".reF
Which sport is best for -=
play when you want and it doesn't
take much time.
someone who doesn't Jamie: I see what you mean, but I think
WE"" much timfu@ swimming (3) because you can
7= go to the swimming pool for a short

*"r".G Ia-F
rerururs time or for a long time. lt's quite
flexible.
Maria: Maybe, but running is flexlble, too.
(4) , running is a better option
basketball : because you don't need to go to
the pool.
:'
'swimming Jamie: Yes, i think you're right. I think
1

running is (5) .

Maria: (6) choose running then.

1a Do you agree? b What do you think?

c What about you?
2a the best option b let's choose
c we should choose
3 a might have been better
b might be a better choice
c is better than
Listen to two students doing the first part of 4 a Let me think b Personally
= Ll$fi}lll{C e trE
c ln my opinion
the task. Tick (/) any ideas from 1 that they mention. Add
any other ideas you hear. 5 a a good choice b we should choose
c that's a good idea
Ll$TEllll,m e 15 Listen again. Write the order of the 6a Let! bWe
= expressions that you hear. c What about
a I suppose so, but...
tl$IEi{lfe e t6 Listen to the second paft of

w-
b Maybe, but ... the task and check your answers.
c That's true.

d I see what you mean.

e Yes, you're right. i What can you do when your mind goes blank 1

in a conversation? i

f What do you think about

:

F STUDY SKILLS page 95 I

I I think you're right.

h What do you thlnk?
i I agree, but ...
Look at the pictures and tick (/) the opinions you E Read the essay task and make notes about your
agree with. ideas and your opinion.

'ln Iife, being happy is much more important than being

healthy.' Write an essay giving arguments for and aqainst
this statement.

Arguments for:

Arguments against:

Your opinion:

Write your essay using the Writing bank on page79

of the Studentt Book and the following format.
Paragraph 1: Short introduction to the topic, e.g.
reasons why we might have to choose between health
and happiness
Paragraph 2: Arguments for the statement
Paragraph 3: Arguments against the statement
Paragraph 4: Your opinion and conclusion

l'1#[I#ffi[[[tar[$ I]}I$
The boy who is playing a computer game looks
really happy so it's good for him. tr
Eating a burger is fine as long as she doesn't
do it every day. tr
The children watching television should be
outside playing football or something. I
The boy playing a video game looks really
healthy, so it obvlously doesn't do him any harm tr
Children should play in their homes rather than
in parks and public places because it's safer. tr
Playing computer games and watching TV don't
involve much movement, so these activities
are bad for a person's health. tr
Grommor
E Write the correct form of the verb given. 3 Choose the correct option, a, b, c or d.
1 lf John doesn't feel any better tomorrow,
he... (have to) go to the
doctor's.
Leo (look) better if he At the end of last summer, my friend A1i and I (1)
didn't wear that old hat. we needed a holiday before we went to college in the
autumn. We (2)... . all summer, and we earned (3)
People (have) better
money to pay for our train tickets and a campsite for
career choices if they go to university.
a week in the south of France. We bough[ the (4)
lf Annie had won another race this season, train tickets that we couid find, and set off on our
she... . (become)the journey. We lhought it (5) take us a day to get
champion. there, but in fact it took longer than that! On the day
we left, I got up late and we (6) rush to the station,
Kelly would have enjoyed the plcnic more if the
We got there in time for our train. But we were in
weather (be) better.
(71 a hurry that we got on the wrong train, which
took us to Hollandl In the end, we only had two days
Complete the second sentence so that it has a in France!
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. Use
between two and five words. Contractions count 1 a were b have c decided d could
as two words.
deciding decided decide
1 Connor is a nurse, but he'd like to be
a doctor. WISHES 2 a have b had been c would d have
worked working work been
Connor a doctor
working
rather than a nurse.
lf the caf6 hasn't closed, we can have 3 a too much b enough c most d lots
a meal there. PROVIDED
4 a cheaply b cheaper c cheap d cheapest
We can have a meal in the
caf6 still open. 5 a will b was going c would d had to
l'll only go skiing if Teri goes, too. UNLESS
6 a must b were c could d had to
I Teri goes, too. allowed
l've got a torch - we might have to walk
home in the dark. CASE
7 aso b too c such d quite

l've got a torch

walk home in the dark.

Vocobulory
tr Circle the correct alternative. 3 Use the word given in capitals to form a word that
1 When you breathe in, your lungs/veins fillwith air. fits in the gap.
2 The best way of keeping your body healthy is to eat 1 A hall of .. ..... is where
a orocessed/balanced diet. students live. RESIDE
3 lf you sprain/break your wrist, it isn't as serious as 2 l'm sorry I

fracturing it. what you meant. UNDERSTAND

4 Stress imoroves/increases the risk of heart disease. 3 You usually get a

5 lf you have a cut, you have to make sure it's clean so when you buy something. RECEIVE
it doesn't get an infection/injection in il. 4 The person who runs the business you
work in is your EMPLOY
3 Match the idioms with their meaning.
5 My brother sometimes works
1 feel under the weather a recover after a serious
. to get more than
2 black out illness
his usual salary. TIME
3 come down with b stay fit and healthy
6 There has been a huge
4 pullthrough c very happy and healthy
in my marks this term. IMPROVE
5 keep In shape d lose consciousness
6 on top of the world e be slightly unwell
t catch an illness
 *v Reoding
? Read about a girl who started a business. Complete these sentences.

td
, 'r/
,,.
'l
2
Best Ayiorwoth is from
The name of her company is
. 3 She gives loans to
,/'/
4 She now has businesses in areas of her country.
r'' /,
/,
THE STORY OF BEST AYIORWOTH:
,,,,
,/
'r/

' 1z
t)
'
' l'',/:,
'r/
./, When Ugandan Best Ayiorwoth had to
leave school because her family couldn't
,,, afford to pay her tuition fees, it broke
'//
l:.;4
her heart. However, this inspired her
to stad an award-winning microcredit
1/
,/ business at just 19 years old that would
help hundreds of women and young girls
,.1
' t/ in Uganda.

:
4 Having lost her father at the age of eight, and
her mother five years later, Best was forced
Sewing in a market in Uganda
:)a to leave school. 'l never wanted to stop at interest
/ that point in my education. I would always
businesses. She charged a I0%
rate, which she kept reinvesting in GIPOMO.
Using a portion of the prize, GIPOMO has
already expanded to four different areas in
remind myself that someday when I could,
the
It wasn't long before her initiaiive caught nodhern Uganda. ln five years, she plans
//-
;;l
I would ensure that every girl child in my
attention of her mentor at 37, who gave her an to reach 5,000 women in the north of the
.,1 community received the best education they
could,'she said.
additional loan to increase her business. country and in ten years, she hopes to
The unique aspeci of the organisation ,. launch similar initiatives in different parts
, 1,2'
l, At the age of 17, Ayiorwoth moved to that the women must agree to keep their girl of the country, addressing specific local

'
li')4, Kampala, the capital of Uganda, and joined
a vocational training school that offered
children in school. Provided they do that, needs. 'Microfinance can never be relevant
they are eligible for a loan. Fudhermore, if it has one model,' she says. 'ln one
'/:
y'-, courses such as catering, graphics and
web design. She later joined 57 Project,
Ayiorwoth explained that if she discovers that community, it should provide affordable
finance for girl education and in another, it
the mothers aren't investing in their daughters'
.//,,, a skills centre, and trained in catering and education with the income thev should provide afiordable finance for land
. entrepreneurship, finally getting a job in a
will 11
earn in their business, they ownership - whatever the challenge
restaurant. When she received her first salary, ...1' would
-'-:'-
accessinq
be disqualified from the community faces '
she didn't splash out on clothes or on having
GlpoMo. " ensure that
.7 fun, she used it as the capital she needed to
tinance from
has
so rar, GrpoMo
in everv sirr ehird ?53Y.?":'t3|.3,fili,"fr,?ff*,,,
; follow her dream.
: 1:',t
: /-z
.-/.
She realised that if she could help mothers H;ffiH:.
[in"*,T3li[m]:-" best
rocus on providing no-interesi

financially, they would allow their children,

businesses, and has kept
education
t -t
' 1, especially young girls, to go to school. ln her hundreds of girls in school they could ":il,.nfJ?Ili:,t::iJ#:"*
programmes.
r ..1'.:)
community, if families have to make a choice
' ,..,'r/ by supporting their mothers.ln ' ' Ayiorwolhwishes she had been able
. t,, between sending a son or a daughter to
school, they often choose a boy over a girl.
2013, Ayiorwoth won $400 at the to continue her own education, but she
'li ar, African Enterprise Business Challenge and a is doing evefihing possible to develop a
-// In early 201 Ayiorwoth went back to the
1 , fudher $25,000 for first place at the Anzisha new generation of women who are skilled,
Nebbi District and set up the Girls Power Prize, a competition that recognises and entrepreneurial and able to contribute to
Micro-Lending Organisation (GIPON/O). celebrates African entrepreneurs under the
,l.lf
their family's welfare and the education of
Using her savings, she started to give loans age of 22 who are using entrepreneurship to their daughters.
it
to women to help them build up their small solve problems in their communities,
;':
)/l
;//
I /r'.
lr/
! /:"1
i {'z E Read the article again. Are these sentences True (T), False (F) or is the information Not Mentioned (NM)?
1 Ayiorwoth had to leave school because her 5 Only women who send their daughters to
, family didn't have enough money. V !{i ?4y+ school may receive a loan. T !? ! W{.{z

* 2 She used the money she earned from her 6 Others have started to use the same business
job in a restaurantto start a business. 7if !?4?* idea to help people in their communities . Ti ? l7;*&
?, 3 ln her community, families don't allow their 7 Ayiorwoth isn't sorry now that she had to
2 daughters to go to school. T ; ?l r4?& leave school. 7 i7t74?e
',/. 4 She was the first person in her community
'./, to give loans to women. T ! { ; ?4*
Use of English Writing
B Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar * Read the statement below. What is your
{'- }
.,, ,
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do opinion? lS
not change the word given. Use between two and five
words. Contractions count as two words. 'There are many alternative forms of medicine
'//
1 lt was wrong for her to leave school because still ignored by medical practitioners which
.,/
she was a good student. SHOULDN'T could benefit patients.' *
,/
,,,
She was a good student so ,/
she . . school. F Write an essay giving arguments for and r'j

2 Some girls don't go to school if their parents against this statement. ,.r'
-/'
can't afford it. UNLESS
//
Some girls don't go to
school . . affordit. .1.
1.,
3 Its a good idea for children to go to school until
//
,/
they're 16. OUGHT 'l
,/
Children until './
they're 16.
4 Oh, why did I spend all my money last weekend? WISH "a
,/
| .. all my money ,/
last weekend. /:.
.
It's a good idea to save some money before you ,,/
1::a
/
start a business. BETTER
lf you want to start a business, L
you . . .. .. . .. first' /.,
It's possible that she will open other businesses
in the future. MAY
/;
She .. in the future. /,
Listening ai'la
E Correct the mistakes in the sentences. /.,
& Read the text and predict what word or type of word ln some sentences, there is more than //
l
could fill each gap. one mistake. 1,;
1 You should go to hospital as long as it's

The benefits of laughing

a. j
something serious.
,,,
_/.
Expert Laura Byatt says that laughing is good for you because it's a form of
(a) I wish I would be in shape, but I hate
,1
Laughing for 10 or 15 minutes a day burns up to (b) . calories working out. ,,,
It's particularly good for toning the muscles in your (c)
Laughing helps to reduce the risk of (d) disease. lt also
You didn't need buy this orange juice.
reduces stress, which is one of the causes of high (e)
pressure.
We've already got some. /{
lf you feel a (f) coming on, you should try laughing because
it helps your body to fight diseases.
You better go to bed if you're coming '/
Some years ago, Norman (S) ........... used laughter to fight a
down a cold. 1.',i
disease. He went to a hotel and watched (h) . ..
films and TV shows. He found /.
that laughing allowed him to l: ,,
I had temperature yesterday and I not
0 and he
eventually recovered.
allowed go to school. '///
Apart from the health
benefits, laughing also /'.),,
makes us feel good and
You mustn't be hungry. You've just eaten /.
a big meal.
it is also good for our /
0) with
famiiy and friends.
Could you take my ;;;;;; ;;
chemist's and get me my medicine? I
@ =f Usten to a radio programme about Iaughter.
Ll5lEltll{8 ""1
Complete the text in 4. Write one word or number for 'y'
each space. 1.'
..:l
 ? Complete the text with these words. There is one extra 5 Complete the sentences with these words
word you do not need. and phrases.

crowd * gig.lighting -. lyrics o stage "'track ; download films .' file-sharing , live streams i

; mobile device , peer-to-pesr . purchase ;

I had an interesting discussion with my friend Damien last night : stream . transfer :

about going to concerts. He has only ever been to one. He hated

it because he was a long way from the (a) . ........ so he 1 I usually to my
couldn't see the band very well, or hear the (b) computer and watch them later.
of the songs. But I go to concerts whenever I can. I think one of 2 You don't need to use memory if
the best things about being at a live (c) ii being you . . yourfavourite
part of the (d) music from a music website.
- it's the audience that makes the
atmosphere good or bad. l've been to a few concerts where the 3 I don't live in a city so it's good to be able to
audience have spoilt it by being too quiet and unresponsive to watch .. of gigs.
the band. But when the atmosphere is good, it! such a great 4 Some countries try to
feeling when your favourite (e) is played by the monitor and
band and everyone around you is shouting and singing along. other sites to detect
copyright infringement.
? Match the quotations from film reviews (a-f) with the
questions (1-6). 5 A lot of people watch films on
when they travel
1 Who starred in the film?
by bus or underground.
2 How good was the acting?
Can you help me to
3 What was your favourite scene? music from my desktop to my mobile?
4 What's the film s plot?
It's cheaper to a film
5 What role does the main star play? on DVD and watch it at home than it is to
go to the cinema.
6 Whats the soundtrack like?

El ,.i.^"rgh";, p".ro.*r,r." i, u.iLtirn, ,.,

E /\ team of explorers must find the human race a new home
very convincing as a father who loves his kids
A after Earth is struck with food shortages. Using a mysterious
and does whatever he can to ensure their safety.
wormhole, they explore strange new worlds and find a new home to
save mankind.

The music suits the mood of the film and the

faet that a lot of it is set in space.
El v"or,"w McConaughey and Anne Hathaway play the
main parts.
The famous scene when the spacecraft Endurance
is damaged and Cooper has to connect his craft
E UCCONIUGHEY is Cooper, a formff pilot and NASA astronaut. with it. lts incrediblel

:,'4'i&,

Decide if these words relate to

books (B), art (A) or theatre (T). Use a
dictionary to help you.

i anact ., applause
a jbestseller blurb
I
; chapter costume
i fru*" index
,

rnterval . .. .. . scu ptu re

I
i

i self-portrait sketch
E Match the halves to make sentences. * Read the article. Are the sentences
'l Older people tend to go to a are big productions. in 1 True (T) or False (F)?
the theatre more often than young 1 7lF
2 The theatre is more popular people. 2 TIF
3 The most popular type of plays
c than music concerts. 3 7lF

event. And the theatre the streets, in car parks or warehouses,

is most popular among than in mainstream theatres. And the
teenagers, with87% audience is not merely passive, but it
saying they had seen a sometimes moves around and explores
perforrnance. the performance space while the play is
The appetite for theatre in progress, and may even be invited to
among young people play the part of characters in the play.
is _s1p!1n9, but what New technologies have also had an
can explaln this _sh_ift influence on developments in the
in trends? It seems theatre. A surprisingly high number
Shakespeare s Globe in London that many teens are oftheatregoers, around one in flve,
coming to the theatre via write reviews about what they have
A higher proportion ofpeople go to the participation in drama clubs and acting seen using social media and nearly
theatre than to music concerts or sporting schools. Others come through their half of all 15-19-year-olds tweet about
events. And contrary to the common belief studies, as a rising number of students the performance they are about to see
that the theatre attracts older audiences, are studying theatre in or have already seen. And
the typical theatregoer these days is higher education. And a 53%of people the majority are in favour
between L6 and 19 years old. further reason may be said that they had of live streaming of theatre
These are the flndings of a recent survey that the theatre itself attended a theatre performances.
into developments in the UK's theatre has changed beyond performance in the It seems that the biggest barrier
industry The suwey was _c_o_m_m_ission-e-d all recognition in the to attendance at theatres, for
past year
by a ticket sales company after it noticed past 15 years. While big all age groups, is cosL. Having
a trend for more theatre sales to young
productions such as The said that, the report also reveals that
people. The research conf,rmed that, Phantom of the Opera remain popular two-thirds of people wanr to mainLain or
far from dyLng o_U! and being replaced favourites, most young audiences want increase their theatregoing in the future.
by cinema or online entertainment, the to see new shows. The emergence It seems that the theatre has managed
theatre is growing in popularity. In fact, of immersive theatre'has played to reinvent itself to appeal to modem
63% of people said that lhey had attended an imponant part in _e_ngaging new audiences. This art form, which has been
a theatre performance in the past year. In
audiences. around for thousands of years, seems
comparlson, only 53% had been to a music Immersive theatre performances are 1ike1y to continue and grow for many
concert, and less than halfto a sporling more likely to be performed outdoors, ln years to come.

3 Read the afticle again and answer the questions. 5 Match the _u-4fl_qdi_4ed_ words in the afticle
with these definitions.
1 Why was the survey done into theatre developments?
1 become weaker or disappear

2 Why are people going to the theatre more?

2 attracting attention because it is unusual

3 What is different about 'immersive theatre'?

3 officially asked for work to be done

4 Why is the theatre still popular today?

4 a change in something

5 attract, keep someone's interest or attention

Decide if the statements are facts (F) or opinions (O).

'1 More people who answered the survey
went to the theatre than to sporting events. Fl*
2 More students are studying theatre studies nowadays. FIG How can context help you to understand new
words in a text?
3 Experimental theatre is more exciting than i
i

traditional theatre. *t* F STUDY SKILLS page 95 i

4 Reviews by friends are more reliable than

reviews by professlonal critics. 7t*
Complete the rules from memory. Then check your 4 Read the quotations about television and
answers in the Grammar reference on page 94 of the repoft what was said.
Student's Book. 1 'l find television to be
1 When the reporting verb (e.9. say, tell) is in the past, the very educating - every
tense of the verb in reported speech usually changes, going time somebody turns
'back'. Some tenses cannot go on the TV, I go in the
any further and so they other room and read a
book.'Groucho Marx
When the reporting verb is in the present (comedian/film stad
or present
tense, the tense of the verb in
Q
yp wch.o .M4 rk {.q.i d...that...b. f-q*nd... . .. .. ... .

reported speech usually stays the same. tslpv-t"na.n.t-q...b.e...v9r.y-.p.d*lst-[w.ev-cry-

3 The modal verbs ....... .

ttu* thL TU, hL
..tp-ry9-b.p.dt . .t-*r nr.d .Q w
wgnt.LntQ.qw.!hz7 .ypont qnd rpad q bp\k,
do not change from direct 'l could have been a doctor, but there were
too many good shows on TV.' Jason Love
4 When the reporting verb is in the past but the statement is
(comedian)
something which is still .-,,,.,,,,,.,,,.,,,..,,,.,,..,, the
tense of the verb In reported speech usually stays the same.

Match the direct and reported speech to find who said

'l wish there *u, u tnoU o; r; il ;
you could turn up the intelligence.' Leo
what. Write the name and the adjective.
Gallagher (comedian)
x Mike said, 'l think the film will be fantastic.'
x Paul said, 'l think the film is rubbish.'
e Simon said, 'l think the film was great.'
s Ollie said, 'l think the film may be interesting.' 'Television has proved that people will look
e Liam said, 'l think the film could be amazing.' at anything rather than each other.' Ann
Landers (advice columnist)
t . PqwL said he thought the film was fu-bbtsLt
2 . .. ..... . . said he thought the film might be
3 ............ .. .. said he thought the film would be
'lt's the menace that everyone loves to
4 ........ . said he thought the film could be
hate but can't seem to live without.' Paddy
5 ......... .. said he thought the film was Chayevsky (writer)

Repoft the questions and answers.

'l Jimmy: What music are you listening to?
Bella: l'm listening to Green Day.
Jjuwrw11..qtkLd BeLLq What- ntwLc, shr yl4s- Lktewvg tl,
Match the halves to make sentences.
S.he.t1i.d,th", wq; LLrl9w;tU .t9.Qr.A?.y!-.D_4y, (ask/say)
2 Jimmy: Have you seen Green Day in concert? 1 My friend told

Bella: Yes, I saw them two years ago and l'm going to see 2 My brother asked
them again next month. 3 I said

4 My parents said
(want to know/tell) 5 I wanted to know
Jimmy: Whos the drummer? a I could help to do the shopping this
Bella; lt's T16 Cool, who's been playing in the band since week.
1990, but it was someone else before that. l've whether they could take me to the
forgotten his name. station.
c me he was busy all week.
(want to know/tell) d if I wanted to go to the cinema with him.

Jimmy: ls Green Day your favourite band?

e to me, 'You should clean your room.'

Bella: No, I like lots of different bands.

(ask/tell)
I Find ten compound nouns and match them with the definitions.

P A G E T U R N E R H M 1 a very popular film

E o D o S C E A D
2 a disadvantage
B o X o F F C E R T A
3 a film's music
L W S F A L T G U A T R
4 an exciting book
o U T C o M E B X W P F

C N S R U K Z A B I E 5 the end result of something

K M A R K E T P L A C E 6 the number of people at an event

B G B H R K E R C C J D
7 comments to help a person do better
U o G E R F o N W K B
I the place where things are bought
S P T N D P L B P o I A and sold
T U R N o U T M D L B C
I a place where you buy tickets
E F N D M C U J E A K
10 the story written for a fllm
R S o U N D T R A C K

Match words in A with words in B. Complete the ffie 1* Listen again. Are these statements
headlines with the words. Remember to use a True (T), False (F) or is the information Not
hyphen (-) if necessary. Mentioned (NM)?
AB. 'l For Dave Barnes, the most important thing about
the film is the special effects. T/Flr\.!M
brand"fast*flle moving6new3provoking 2 The film was a type of escape from the difficulties
sol'l$ * thought sharing * writer he had. TIFlf{M
1 Lana Del Rey has
3 He is interested in the amount of money that his
Singer and
collection is worth. T/F/ruM
number'l hit.
4 George Lucas gave the president of 20th Century
2 numbers fall following Fox an object from the film. T/r/ruM
warning letters. 5 A collector paid the president a lot of money for
Don't miss this emotional, .
the object 20 years later. TIF/F:M
filml The objects for the film were very expensive to make.
Tl Fl f.Jfi4
This summer's blockbuster -
4..................................... adventurel One couple had a wedding based on the
Star Wars films. T/FIruM
5 This year sees a Star Wars film. 8 Fans make their own films and post them online.
TIFlruM

Should you try to understand everything the

first time you listen?
Match words in A with words in B to make
> STUDY SKILLS page 95 compound nouns.
AB
:SffiO ts Listen to an interview with a superfan. festival ---\ comedian
Circle the correct alternative. folk \ \\__ festival

1 Dave Barnes is
head goer
a fan of science
hot performer
fiction/ street phones
Star Wars films. stand-up spot
He collects tou rist trap
figures and
Star Wars Celebration Day 5
autooraohs/tovs.
in Lelcester Square 6
Many people
collect props, or 7
obiects/oosters from the film.
The fans' special day is 1" January/4th May.
? Write me or nothing (0) in the sentence gaps. Complete the sentences with one of the structures
Sometimes both are possible. in 2.
1 I spoke to Jim. He said . 0 he was going to arrive 1 'Don't spend so much time on your laptop.'
here at about 8.00. The mother warned her son
2 Harry warned that he had to leave early. 'l'll make another film soon.'
3 Jake promised ... ... that he would be on time. The film star promised
4 Sally announced ., that she had a new 'l'm sorry I missed the penalty.'
boyfriend. The footballer apologised
Luke reminded . not to pay for the coffee. 'Shall I bring some more water?'
The waiter offered
Write the verbs in the correct row. Some words 'l didn't do anything wrong.'
may belong in more than one category. Add a
The politician denied
preposition if necessary.
'Don't forget to send the package, Sam.'
aeet*€'e " admit u advise 6 agree * apologise n ask His boss reminded . .

claim * confess n congratulate u criticise * deny 'l need to have at least two hours of rehearsal time.'
insist u instruct' invite * object' offer
The rock star insisted
order o promise 4 recommend, refuse " regret
remind + suggest * tell u warn

Click on the 'new review' button to add your favourite

arlist or band.
It's getting more expensive all the time to go to concerts,
so concedgoers are getting more choosy about the
concerts they attend. Your review can help others to
decide which gigs to go to and which to miss.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a The Good Gig Guide is independent and free, so you
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the know you're giving and getting good advice.
word given. Do not change the word given. Use Make sure you mention the atmosphere, the venue,
between two and four words. cost of merchandise and how well organised it was,
as well as whether the band themselves lived up to
1 He said I must go and see
Brad Pitt's new film. RECOMMENDED
He and see
Brad Pitt's new film.
2 ltold Freddie he'd performed
really well in the play. CONGRATULATED
I ............ so well in
1 What does the website ask you to do?
the play. l7 4;k: ytu tq wgLte qt giS...rgvLr-w fqr..tl"e Caqpd
'l was the one who ate the chocolate,'
Myra said. CONFESSED
iie Q+ide.
What does it instruct you to do?
Myra .. the one
who ate the chocolate.
Kyle said he would not take any money Why does it suggest writing a conceft review?
for helping his grandmother. REFUSED
Kyle . any money
for helping his grdndmother. What does the site claim to give?

It was Sara's idea to put the posters up. SUGGESTED

It was Sara who What does it remind you to do when writing
the posters up. your review?
ii i
Many films are based on books, but which
version is better? Write the arguments in
the correct column. Then add two more
ideas of your own.
a there are special effects
b the plot is more detailed
c there is a soundtrack
d you can use your imagination
e they sometimes change the ending
f it's more sociable

Ll$IEltll{t @ :+ tisten to two students discussing

the question. Choose the correct alternative,
a,borc.
'l The girl thinks that books are ...
a better than films. b as good as films.
c not as good as films.
2 The boy thinks that books are ...
a better than films. b the same as films.
c sometimes not as good as films.

tl$IF}llllE @':* Complete the sentences. Then

listen again to check. & Write these phrases in the correct column.
*":
doubt
i Don't forget that ... " I really do think that ...
mind that the book is i Lustto give you an idea ... o ... such as ...
nearly always better. i What about the case of ...?
The Hunger
I You have to remember that ...
t

Games, for example.

deny .

some film adaptations are good.

For........ TheLordof
the Rings films were fantastic.

5 Yes, forget that the

books were very long.

6 | .. thinkthatthefilm
is sometimes better than the book.

A good is S/umdog
Millionaire.

Look , lhe Transformers

books, ,

Personally,
convinced that the book is nearly always better
than the film.
5 Practise giving your opinion about books and films using
the phrases in 4 and the arguments in 1.
? Read the paragraphs from a film review and number them in the correct order.

'!1=:Ei=vrE

*'@ I loved this film, not only because l'm an enthusiastic user of Facebook, but also
because of how convincing and believable the storyline was. lt didn't seem clich6d,
but gripping and true to life. Jesse Eisenberg's porlrayal of Mark Zuckerberg, the creator of
Facebook, was amazing. The Social Network is among my top ten films ever and l'm not alone
in this view - it has won almost every award going.

€7A When The Social Network was released in 2010, Facebook was the most popular
@ social networking website, with millions of users around the world. lt seemed obvious
that a film would be made about its creation

#@ The Social Network is a hugely enjoyable film that will become a classic. I

tecommend this film to everyone, whether or not they are Facebook users. lf you're not
a fan of Facebook, your opinion is sure to change after watching this film

ffi
@
Starring Jesse Eisenberg, Andrew GarJield and Justin Timberlake,
The Social Network takes place in the early 2000s at Harvard University, ihe birlhplace Jesse Eisenberg plays
of the website that eventually became known as Facebook. During the film, friendships are Mark Zuckerberg in
made and broken, jealousy rears its head and lawsuits are filed as the fascinating story of The Social Network
Facebook is played oui.

Complete the plan with these paragraph topics. ? Now make notes about a film you have seen.
Then write notes on the review in 1.
Paragraph 1:
i basic plot ,, your recommendali6n + i'616s€lu€tis1
vour ooinion about the film

Notes for film review

Paragraph 2:

Paragraph 1: Lntradt,ctLavt

Paragraph 3:

Paragraph 2: Paragraph, 4:
ti
,I

fl

€ Write your review.

II

Paragraph 4:
Grommor Vocobulory
! Complete the statements using reported speech. ? Complete the text with these words. There are
two extra words you do not need.
1 Pete:'l'll see Sam tomorrow.'
When I saw Pete last week, he said acting u download * live u mobile device
2 Richard: 'l didn't see the film last nlght.' performance , role " scenes " stars u transfer
Yesterday, Richard told me that
Music is really important to me. I usually listen to songs
Tina: 'When do you normally finish work?' that I (a) onto a (b) ,solcan
Tina asked me yesterday listen to them all the time. But that isn't as exciting as
John: 'Have you ever been to the museum?' seeing bands playing (c) ... . . at gigs. The last
.

Yesterday, John asked me band I saw was Muse. What a brllliant (d) |

Kath: 'l might go for a swim tomorrow.' I love watching films, too. My favourite film is The

Yesterday, Kath said Maze Runner: lt (e) ... . Dylan O'Brien and
Kaya Scodelario and it's about a group of boys who
Choose the correct option, a, b or c. are trapped in a maze. Even though the actors aren't

1 At the last election, the government . to help poor particularly well-known, their (f) is great,
families. and there are plenty of amazlng action (g)
a admitted b promised c announced
My mum .. ... me to take some money to pay for
* Make a compound noun or adiective with a word
from each box. Write them in the correct box.
lunch.
a insisted b suggested c reminded box"brand-*fast- back*new*office
feed*file_epage_ moving * provoking
The zoo-keeper the boys not to climb the fence.
sound u thouqht- inouturnerutrack
a forbade b ordered c objected
4 Steve Mike for being so late and losing his ticket.
a complained b confessed c criticised riNoun
i
it
i

5 Maria... . eating Mark's cake.

'iii
iiii
a denied b warned c refused t_J

3 Write the sentences using a reporting verb. 3 Complete the sentences with words lrom 2.
t 1 The Hobbit was a hit at the .. ..

i confess * congratulate * insist u invite u refuse i but I didn't like it as much as the book.
I

'l'm not going to do the washing-up I belong to a creative writing club so I can

Damien
get .... on the stories I write.
I loved this book. I couldn't put it down. lt was a
'Well done on passing your exams.'
real ..............
My parents. .

3 'Would you like to go to a concert this weekend?'

4 The best thing about the James Bond films is that
they're so ..... .... .

Mycousin. ..
4 'ltt true. I took the wallet.' 5 I never understand why people buy
the.. a film. The music is to
The thief only interesting when you see the images as well.
5 'You're not going
Simon. . ...... .. ., Use the word given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the gap.
Circle the correct alternative. 'l After university classes, clubs organise all
1 I don't know whether Liam met/has met Eva yet. kinds of extra........... activities. CURRICULUM
2 Zoo visitors don't have to/mustn't enter the animals' 2 lf you don't have any qualifications, you have
cages. to do ...... .. . . work. SKILL
3 When I was younger, I wasn't allowed to/didn't need 3 She's a in the city orchestra. VIOLIN
to watch more than one hour of TV a day.
4 My brother wants to get a . ..........
4 ln about ten years' tlme, I hope I 'll be working/'m
so he can earn more. PROMOTE
going to work in my own business.
5 Iwould have wished you good luck if I 'd had/had my
5 My dog is very naughty. He always
...',..,..,., me. OBEY
mobile with me.
? Look at the pictures and complete the crossword.
:.t'-
!i
:

)i
,*--, -, ---.'*-,i
,sii
?:,:
,:t; '-o;
€6:
.
-'.= '
at:a
:i)1

ll

:7::
r
:,
i;
|...*.'--:
i:i:
i:
:t

I
:L

3 Complete the text with these words.

ash"damage.destroyed destruction ,' erupt .. eruption " evacuated " hurricanes

refugees survivors ' sweep across ,. torrential

The effect of volcanoes on E;;"-

people and the environment E&
;:ew"
€.
Voicanoes cause serious (a) .. when they (b) .
. .. . .. Buildings are (c) . .
and .. .
people are forced to become (d) . . . . needing somewhere to live. Clouds of (e) cover
the land, causing the (f) . of local wildlife habitats and poisoning rivers. Poisonous gases from the
volcano mean that people and animals have to be (S) from the area. Breathing in volcanic dust
can lead to the (h) geiting illnesses such as pneumonia. The situation can worsen if severe winds
such as (i) ... and . 0) rains develop and (k) the affected area after a
volcanic (l)

3 Match the halves to make sentences. Check that you understand the grnd_erlined_ verbs.
1 Floods h_it the city a 50% of this year's wheat crops.
2 Forest fires rag-e as b houses near the beach.
3 Panic spreads as hurricane -s-tf(-qq c the east coast.
4 Polio epidemic b_rp_eklp_,!! d as a river burst its banks.
5 Tsunami gy-g-ep, _qry_ay_ e firefighters work to put out the blaze
6 Drought Wtp99 9qt f in West Africa.
Look at the headline. What do you think the article
is about? Then read and check.
The article
a gives advice about what to do in a disaster. !
b suggests how to prepare for a disaster. tr
Six hours into the journey, strong winde caused a door to
Read the article again and choose the best answer, break open and the ferry started to take on water. In less than
a,b,cord. an hour, it had sunk, taking most of its passengers and crew
with it.
'l There were many casualties on the Estonia because ... Even given the speed ofthe tragedy, the stormy sea and the
a rescuers took a long time to reach the boat. time it took rescuers to reach them, the number of victims was
b the sea was exceptionally stormy. suiprisingly high. It seems that many passengers were slow
to react to save themselves, even when they were faced with
c passengers didn't know what to do.
iq4Lne_+! danger.
d people couldn't think clearly about what to do. why did this happen? lohn Leach, a survival instructor, has
2 The experiment showed that people ... studied the behaviour ofpeopie in disasters around the worid
a don't react unless other people react. for several decades. According to Leach, around 75% ofpeople
are so b_e_wi1d_e_re_d by life-threatening situations that they are
b get more worried when they are alone. unable to think cleariy. Only about 15% of people remain calm
c wait until the last moment before they act. and are able to make rational decisions. The remainlng 10%
d think that the situation is a false alarm. are so frightened that they are a danger to others.
3 Some people survive disaster situations because ... According to Leach, in the majority of cases, it's a failure to
react that puts people at a higher risk. One of the reasons for
a they have special skills. this lack of reaction is peer pressure. Many people are worried
b they know that the disaster is going to happen. about responding to an alarm when no one around them does.
c they have thought about what to do beforehand. To lllustrate this point, a group of people were invited to take
d they are better able to deal with stress. part in an experiment. They were taken to a wailing room, and
researchers blew smoke into the room from under the door.
In the flrst part of the experiment, participants were alone,
and in this case 75% of them left to report the flre. But when
there was a group of actors in the room who were instructed
Decide if the statements are facts (F) or
not to react to the smoke, only 10% gol up to leave. The
opinions (O). gy_e-ryhg]nr-ng majority stayed, even when there was so much
1 ltt a good idea to follow safety instructions. Fl* smoke that they could hardly see.
2 Children learn how to act in earthquake ll xnanypeopre are ffi",T."J;;X'f",ltis&:y,n,
situations in Japan. *i*
worried about people find it difflcult to adapt
3 Disasters aren't common so there! no responding to to a stressful situation. When
need to worry about them. an alarm when disasters occul events move
no one around quickly, but stress siows down the
4 Schools should do more safety drills.
*,u* ao*, r, 3}:,]:IHJ|i?J#.T*',,J:J,5?",
5 Studies show people don't act logically
ej= to surwiva' experLs, rs to prepare in
. when they are in danger.
advance. For example, by knowing what the safety procedures
are, a person is able to act automatically without having to
make a decision in a critical moment. For this reason, experts
Match the _u_4f-qdi_4ed_ words in the article with stress the importance of knowing where flre exits are and how
these definitions. to evacuate a building, and listening to safety instructions
when flying.
1 training for emergency In areas of the world where natural disasters occur, being
2 much larger than anything else prepared is a priority. In Japan, which ls particularly p_ro_n-e-
.to earthquakes, every precaution is taken to make sure that
3 likely to be affected by children know what
to do when a quake
4 confused, not certain what to do
occurs. The measures
5 likely or certain to happen very soon include monthly
drills in which alarms
i6irna anA children
Complete the sentences with the words from 5. retreat under their
't Rhinos are in . , danger of extinction. desks. If they are in the
playground, they are
2 Craigwas , by the decision to cancel his taught to run to the Earthquake drill in
contract. centre to avoid being the Philippines
hit by falling debris.
3 Athletes are often to tn1ury. And the local fire department takes groups of children into
4 We couldn't do the exam today because we had a earlhquake simulation machines so that they know what it
feels 1ike.
fire..... . .
Thankfuliy, it's highly uniikeiy that any of us will ever flnd
5 An . .. number of students voted for the ourselves ln a disaster situalion. But even in the case of small
class president. emergencies, it's been shown thal fast reactlons can make all
the difference to an outcome.
Complete the rules and examples. Complete the text with the passive verbs from the box.
Then check your answers in the Then underline two'more passives in the text.
Grammar reference on page 106 of the
Student's Book. can be seen 6 have been built * was carried out
was slightly damaged " were covered

We use the paxive when: Dams built by residents prevent disaster

€ we are rnore interested in the For many years, Somerset in Jamaica has suffered severe landslides.
...-.. than the Evidence of this (a) .. .. throughout the
{a} .......... ......
area. Some houses (b). . . .. by soll and
people who do it.
rock at some time in the past, leaving only edges of the roofs visible.
* wedonot(b} ...... ...... ,.
However, wlth four new 'check dams' that (c) .... . .

exactly who does the action. on the mountainside, residents living in hillside areas
s{ it is (c) . .,.. ..................,..:.............. or were much more able to cope with recent torrential raln. The dams
I understood who does the action' were built on the slopes to Prevent soil and stone from reaching
the town. When the rain fell, there was flooding and a minor
landslide, but just one house (d) . .. ..
subject+be+(d),, The dams had worked!
(+ by + agent) . All four check dams were constructed under the management of
the Women's Resource and Outreach Centre Limited and much
of the work (e) .. . by the residents
Present simple: Children
themselves.
(e) .. ..., .,. ,,.. . ....,,........ ..... .,. ....,.... ... .... taught to run
to the centre,'o{ the playground. Write the sentences again beginning with the person or
Present perfect: lt has people.
{f) ,.. .. " shown that
... .... . . ... .. . .. . . 1 Flowers were given to the wedding guests.
quick reactions make all the difference. Ik W ed duW g ug,r{;- w erg g.Luet+ fl,Q.W.0.r.
* Present continuous: The volcano 2 Some sponsorship money is still owed.
(g) ... .... .. ..... .. . ... observed for
fu rther activity today.
3 A letter was sent to all students at the school.
Past simple: An experiment
(h),.. .,. . ... ., . . .,.,..conducted.
Refunds are offered to customers who return faulty products.
will: All tomorrow's flights

More funding has been promised to the scientists.

ash cloud is blown over the flight path.
can ln droughts, forest fires

eaSl

Active or passive? Circle the correct

alternative.
1 The soil on the slopes of volcanoes
used/is used for agrlcultural purposes.
2 Molten lava ranges/is ranged from 700" to
1 ,2OO'C in temperature.

Lava glows red hot to white hot as it

Look at the two photos of before and after a hurricane.
flows/is flowed from the volcano.
Describe what has happened using passive forms of the
Mountains form/are formed by movements verbs in the box.
of the Earth's crust.
Last week, the children showed/were shown
what to do in an earthquake.
P-up!e* hav7. be*vt eYqc.uqtpd fravw...the qcg.:q.
Local people shll,ld be warned/warned
when there is a high risk of a tsunami.
During the last flu epidemic. many children
and old people were vaccinated/vaccinated
against it.
Since the floods last Friday, three refugee
camos have been set uo/have set up.
Correct one word in each sentence. Underline Complete the two sentences so that they have a
the wrong word and write the correct word on similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
the line. word given. Do not change the word given. Use
between two and five words.
1 It has believed that the Moon was flat. . . . .....
1 The newspaper report said no one had been killed in
2 lt was say that the Moon was made
the tsunami.
of cheese.
REPORTED
3 lt has be claimed that flood defences 11w4g...9.9pqrted thq!- w Anp had been
didn't work. killed in the tsunami.
4 He was thought that elephants The tsunami 1,'1ry ge-pqgted tO. h'ayp kvlLgd
never forget no one.

5 lt is known like air travel is safer than 2 People always say that this town is the most polluted
in the country.
travel by road.
SAID
Write the active sentences again in the passive. It . this town is
the most polluted in the country.
Thistown .. . the
most polluted in the country.
BELIEFs

-YtrWi;;: -M
"CuANetNG 3 People know dinosaurs lived on Eafth millions of
years ago.
KNOWN
It .. ........ that dinosaurs
lived on Earth millions of years ago.
Dinosaurs
Earth millions of years ago.
Everyone believes the team needs a new manager.
People used to think everything was made of fire,
earth, air and water. Now we know there are over a BELIEVED
hundred elements. It .. ... .. . the team
needs a new manager.
The team
People used to think the Moon was a smooth ball. new manager.
Now we know it has valleys and mountains. People have claimed the landslide was the worst
this century.
CLAIMED
People used to say feelings came from your liver. Now It the landslide
people say they come from your heart. was the worst this century.
The landslide
the worst this century.
People used to think having a bath once
a month was enough. Now we believe ;;'
we need to have a bath or shower :
every day. Complete the sentences with the infinitive or
perfect infinitive (have + past pafticiple) of the
verbs.

callse 6 €€st o escaps * fi6d e got

People used to believe kings were gods.
Now we know they are only human. Cybercrime is believed .................. t! AA!-t-

millions each year.

A dangerous criminal is believed
-#
l",TJ ""
:tr*
the body circulates
::llfl:ffi
blood.
:?: :T fi ""' "@ from prison.
Archaeologlsts are thought
.. lost treasure.
I Sugar is known . ',,,'',,,.. tooth
\ decay.
She is said the idea for
her book in a dream
? Write the numbers as we say them. Look at the pie charts and find the following.

1 2/3 two-thlrds 'l the subject of the pie charts

2 1/4 2 the most frequent natural

disaster
3 3/4
3 the least frequent
41/10 4 the blggest increase between
5 66% the two years
6 1:3 the biggest decrease between
the two years

The.r*-werq3 4,
natural.disasters
Others
reBortedill e$l,:

Forest fires 7 ,:,66

Volcanic
eruptlons 1
Windstorms

Windstorms
.29

I \ Droughts 4olo
;t
;l
Droughts Earthqua kes/tsuna mis tl
:l

Look at the graph and answer the questions. S lffie 3t Listen again. Find eight mistakes in
the summary. Write the correct information.
1 Did the number of disasters increase
or decrease between 1980 and 2010? The graph shows that there has been a gradual increase

in the number of weather-related disasters in recent

2 When did weather-related events rise most
years. The number doubled between 1980 and 2010.
dramatically?
The biggest decrease was in the number of storms. lf we
3 When did the number of floods fall sharply?
look at the pie chafts, we can see a fall in the number

4 What happened to the number of droughts? of windstorms between 2012 and 2013, too. There was

a sharp increase in the number of floods between 1980

5 When did the number of geophysical events stay the and 2010, and the number rose between2Ol2 and
same?
2013, but the number of droughts stayed the same.

& ,E e ?I Listen to two students discussing the The number of geophysical disasters rose significantly
information in the pie charts and graph. What do . between 1980 and 2010. The pie charts also show that
they decide is the biggest problem we face?
there was a big change in the number of earthquakes
and volcanic eruptions between 2012 and 2013.
Source: Oxfam, EM DAT

500
450 - /otherweather
400 / related events i How can you cope if you can't remember a word while
/ (includes wildfires, I speaking?
350 I I
_ extremetemperatures,
300
250
wet mass events) 1!]9?MLls c.q{:i
storms
200
Practise talking about the statistics in the pie
150 floods chafts and graph. Use the information in 5, and
100
droughts other details.
50
geophysical events
1980 1985 1 990 2005 2010
 Read the report. Do you agree with scientist Jeff 3 Make notes on your opinion about the
NcNeely's opinion that the tsunami was a man-made following statement.
disaster?
'Tourism is one of the most destruc.tive
industrles in our world: We should stop its,
The 2OO4 Tsunami and Tourism
The building of coastal resorts and the destruction of natural protection Paragraph 1:
may have contributed to the enormous loss of life from killer tsunamis
lntroduction with general statement about the
that hit the shores of the lndian Ocean after an earthquake, an
environmental expert claims.
topic and your opinion
Jeff McNeely, chief scientist of the Swiss-based World Conservation
Union (IUCN) said the tsunami was 'nothing new for nature' in a
geologically active region.
'What made this a disaster is that people have staded to occupy part
Paragraph 2:
of the landscape that they shouldn't have occupied,' he said. '50 years
ago, the coastline was not as densely occupied as now by tourist First and most important reason for your opinion
hotels,' he added.
'The mangroves were all along the coasts where there are shallow
waters. They offered protection against things like tsunamis. Over
the last 20-30 years, they were cleared by people who didn't have
the long{erm knowledge of why these mangroves should have Paragraph 3:
been saved.' Further points/reasons for your opinion
The same thing has been happening with the coral reefs that also
provided protection to the coast, he explained.

'When a tsunami comes in, it first hits the coral reef which slows it
down, then it hits the mangroves which further slows it down. lt may
get through that, but by then a lot of the energy has already been Paragraph 4:
dissipated,' McNeely said.
Conclusion, restating your opinion

Write your essay, using your notes. Use

the linkers explained on page 105 of the
Student's Book.

2 Read the arguments and add your own ideas. tl ffiffi,$ff[[$,&t ffi
Uncontrolled tourism threatens many natural areas around
the world:
x increased pollution, discharges into the sea
s natural habitat loss
n deforestation leading to soil erosion
* worsens the effects of natural disasters
E increased pressure on endangered species
E greater risk of forest fires
x puts increased pressure on water resources
*
E

Tourism can have a positive impact

s natural areas are protected and valued because they
attract tourists
s tourists contribut6 to local economies so environmental
protection can be funded
s tourists learn about environments
a there is more publicity and aid when tourist areas are hit by
natural disasters How can you make your writing clear and easy
E to follow?

*
Grommqr Vocobulory
T Write one word to complete each passive ? Complete the words for the definitions.
sentence. 1 a huge amount of snow falling down
1 The north of the country hit bY a amountain: a... I.
violent storm last night. 2 a long period without rain: d
2 Our house is . painted while we're away. 3 a person who has had to leave their
3 The washing-up hasn't .... done yet' home to find a safer place to live: r I
4 .. .. .. . . .. prizes given to the winners of the
. 4 a sudden collapse of rock and earth
competition every week? on a hill or mountainside: ..... s
I

5 The new rules not been introduced yet. 5 when water covers a place: {

Complete the second sentence so that it has a Choose the correct option, a, b or c.
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the 1 After two days, firefighters managed to .... the fire.
word given. Do not change the word given. Use
between two and five words. a put out b spread c collapse

1 Some people said that the storm was the worst In 2 Torrential rain has . .... across the country in the last
history. CLAIMED few days.
It. ... .thestormwas a headed b spread c swePt
the worst in history. 3 The rain has caused the river to ..... its banks.
2 ln the past, people thought that garlic protected you
a collapse b destroy c burst
from illness. BELIEVED
4 Rescue attempts are difflcult because of the . left
ln the past, garlic ..
after the floods.
you from illness.
3 My brother loves it when I carry him on my shoulders'
a lava b mud c ash

CARRIED 5 The of last night's earthquake are sleeping in a

My brother loves ..... . .

sports centre tonight.
on my shoulders. a refugees b casualties c survivors
4 Someone should mend thls door as soon as possible.
MENDED Write one word in each gap.
This door ought .. 1 You can rely Jo. Shes very dependable.
as soon as possible.
2 As a child, I always . of becoming a
5 A concert was held for parents at the end of term. professional dancer. ln the end, I became a teacher.
GIVEN
3 Ithink you should for the terrible things
Parents
you said.
concert at the end of term.
4 Do you belong anY clubs?

Complete the sentences using reported speech or 5 l'm surprised at the number of people
the passive. who ... in UFOs.
1 The hurricane had blown away Part of the roof.
Circle the correct alternative.
Part of the roof
away by the hurricane. 1 The vacuum cleaner shouldn't have broken down -
it's w el -o ai d/ br a n d - n ew / ol dlashi pned.
2
I

The teacher is showing the children a film about

volcanoes.
2 What role/act/stage did Johnny Depp play in
the film?
The children
a film about volcanoes.
3 After the burst/explosion/eruption of the volcano,
the sky was black for weeks.
3 'Can you find it?' he asked.
4 lf your boss is unhappy with your work, he may
He asked aoolv/fi re/ emplov vou.
4 'We'll have fun tomorrow,'she said. 5 The hours are too long so l'm going to turn/set/take
She promised that ..
down the job.
' ''' tomorrow' 6 l'm a big fan ol recorded/soundtrack/live music, so I

go to as many concerts as I can.

5 'David arrived late and dldn't call,' she said.
She crlticised David . . .. .
tr'
Reoding
? E Read the article about Sam Cossman, an explorer. Choose 3 Read the text again and choose the best
answer, a, b or c.
the best headline for the article.
t,
/lt a 0n dangerous ground? Filming lrom inside a uolcano Cossman made his first video ...
,'/ b The adoentures of a modern-day Indiana Jones a for TV and news channels.
ar,
c Explorer uses drones to see inside o volcqno b for his family and friends.
c because he loved exploring.
He decided to leave his job because ...
\ stormy Rugust day oh,the, lrnoterislCnd. ,O,qt o{'t
a he wanted to follow his dreams.
,,, I z,ooo-a.gree pogl of,itrelomis,a.relbud. gf poisoai'uagas1h4,l.
i
ekgrost,krrocks hifi off hig fee+, ' : .: . .,1 :':,,:. r,.',
I b he received an offer to return to Marum.
'/ The heat is comlng from a lava lake in the centre of the volcano called c his job wasn't very exciting.
Marum, part of the island nation of Vanuatu in the South Paciflc People know very little about the volcano
Ocean. Some molten lava lands dangerously close to Cossman and hls because ...
I protective face shield begins to melt.
,,/ Millions of people have seen this scene online. Cossman fllmed his
a it's too hot to get close to it.
7
i/.
experience with the help of co-explorer George Kourounls, and a
handful of cameras. He edited the flIm on the flight home to San
b the ash makes it impossible for satellites
to film inside.
I Francisco, uploaded it that day with the title Yolcano Diuer and
forwarded it to friends and family. The next moming, he was cal1ed by
c the island is remote so people don't
1
'"1
several news channels and newspapers.
4
usually visit it.
During the expedition to Marum, they ...
Over the next few weeks, Cossman appeared on TV shows, but then he
went back to his job as president of a business he d started in Silicon a collected samples from the volcano.
Valley, designing software for adventure companies. Soon, though, he
b created a 3D map of the volcano.
,'r/ was receiving more offers to explore the world and create flims.
c discovered what makes life possible in
Cossman had dreamt of being an expiorer since he was seven years
old. He d done lhe volcano dive for the personal thriil, but he saw an extreme environments.
,/l opportunity to do similar activities professionally. He quit his job to 5 While he was filming inside the volcano,
become, as he calls himsell 'the lndiana lones of the modern world'. Cossman...
,/,, Not everyone agreed with his decision, and he admits that it was more
a was too excited to feel afraid.
2 scary than any volcano.
With the help of f,nancing from sponsors, Cossman retumed to Marum b felt that he was close to the centre of
volcano in December of 2014. He had with him a team of scientists, the Earth.
videographers and drone operators, and new high-tech equipment. c thought that he was going to die.
Clouds of ash over the volcano make it impossible to see inside the
6 ln the future, Cossman wants to ...
7 volcano using satellite images, but with cameras attached to drones,
he was able to take thousands of images. These have since been used a make films for the new company that he
lo create a three-dimensional map of the volcano, the f,rst of its kind. has started.
It is hoped thal the data collected from lhe rock samples they gathered
b make documentaries about his journeys.
4
/
will not only help scientists to understand volcanic activity, but also the
condltions that make life possible in extreme environments on Earth - c use technology to find out more about
and possibly on other planets. the Earth.
4 While he was aware of the danger as he stood just 15 metres away
Z
/4_
from a lake of lava the size of a football field, Cossman admits that it
was an incredible experience. 'Listening to the deafening splashes of Use of English
,,/, molten rock was like listening to the hearlbeat of the
planel', he said. It made him contemplate his € Write one word in each gap.
/', own mortality. On Monday night, I watched (a)
,,.,,
Inspired by the experience and amazing TV programme which was called lnto
,,, the success of his recent video, the Volcano. lt (b) presented
Cossman now hopes to slart his
4 own company and conduct
similar projects in other
by Kate Humble. Before I watched the show,
| (c) never been very interested
I extreme environmenLs. He (d) volcanoes, but the images
4 believes lhat we are at the
beginning of a new age
taken by the film crew were (e)
;/. of exploration, one that .ffi
incredible that I was fascinated. Unfortunately,
/., benef,ts from the use of
E-."
I (f) miss the next programme

2 modern technology.'l'li Wffirv; because I usually (g) judo on

mapping out expeditions i".-,-tt-
:
.7: Monday nights. However, that (h)
. ,t that have elements of ffi;,.:':.1;.:::.5'E
,,, ,,:fia.l.,.: .:...4 not matter, because I can download it from the
adventure that tie into topical r:'r:!!it_i: : i... I

themes like climate change or TV channel's website and watch it on Tuesday,

// lElii'u'
philanthropic issues - plus an as (i) as I don't have to work.
element oI danger and amazing
videographic potential.'
:t
.,/
 I
Lisiening x
7.'':,
& tLfS,&tt €
Listen to two people talking about music reviews.
?E #
x.
Are these statements True (T), False (F) or is the information Not Mentioned (NM)?
1 The boy heard about the website from 5 You need to know a lot about music to {7
his cousin. € i7 /74|.P, write the reviews. T lrl?"37\4 /
2 fhe website Includes music from 6 The website was started by an ,r'
different genres. ?IFIT'JM American company. * TIF;**r** /
3 The reviews are intended for new 7 The boy is interested in earning money /
musical artists. T l7lt47,fe for listening to music. T /* f ?.i*.*. I.l:.
4 Some famous bands have been discovered /
as a result of the reviews. Tl Fl iUfu4 /
r'.
/
Writing '/,
'/
'"/,
5 You recently saw this notice on a music website. Use the plan below to write notes. I.1-
Then write your review.
/
We need more music reviews. We want tr: know what you think of popular bands, concerts you've I:,1
been to, or recorded music you've bought. We will publish the best raviews on our site. I
//
..1

Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: # I
' 1

I
ntroduction: basic information More detailed information about w
I
x
I ,

g
about the band/concert/m'usic the band/concert/music .
g '/' a

a :l
'l
/1,
I
i
I
/
/
; Paragraph 3:
:
, Paragraph 4: /
; Your opinion of the band/concert/ Who you would recommend the /,
I music, supported with reasons band/concert/music to and why I
I
/
I
/
I,/
/,
/
t,
I
/{
t,
I
S Correct the mistakes in the sentences. ln some sentences, there is more than one mistake. ;/'",
/,
1 5 Dan apologised for be late and promised not
I
The careers of many artists have launched for I
this website. doing it again. I
/
I
2 I admit to spend ;;;;,.; ;;"",,"l,-",,. 6 Our teacher t"ld th;; ;; -;;;;;; ; ;:;;;i r'
and clothes. next week. 't
I
/
3 My brother offered lend me f 1 0 to go to 7 Sarah accused me not to know anything i.
the cinema. about music. I
/
I
4 The latest Bond film it is thought is the best. I Fans complained to not be informed that the
concert cancelled. /
I
i
!
I
l,
? Write the words in the box under the correct heading. Write a piece of advice about using a
phone or a computer. Use suitable forms
:_'-
i Sreaagana * charger a coverage ' device . dishwasher i
of the verbs given.
i flash drive u headphones = laser printer u microwave 'l
i
The flash drive on your computer should go
i
i!
network ' touch screen € vacuum cleaner i

! u
*ashing machine *
webcam wireless i
i
in easily -Yp!4. dgn:{ aad..trp pwLt.L-t-.
. tqp hard.. . (push)

2 Don't forget to
.. (recharge)

3 lf your computer
. (freezelpress)

4 lnstead of changing your whole PC, you can

. (upgrade)

5 To be secure, you should

ti

;;;" ; ;;;;;; ;;;. :,; '""": '

Circle the correct alternative.
. (adjust)
1 A network/olua can be used to connect all kinds of electrical
equipment to power. To create more space on your comPuter, .

2 A touch screen/keyboard works when you Press its surface (delete)

gently.
To save energy, you should
3 You can transfer information with a charger/flash drive.
(disconnect)
4 You sometimes lose network coverage/wireless broadbandin
the middle of a conversation. When you use a touch screen,
5 People use all kinds of devices/chargers for entertainment or . (tap)
to save time.
6 You can go on the lnternet using a wireless/touch screen
connection to your computer.
5 Circle the correct alternative.
Name the devices in the pictures (A-E) and match them
with the correct definition.
1 The washing machine won't gelmove.

,ffiffiE @ ra1 y1*ry-

New Vi6r#erWirrdow
,{eLT,
unless you press this button.
You can't get a drink from the machine
because it's out of work/order.
Op€n Msssage
Idon't know what's wrong, but my
Close laotoo isn't workino /functi on.
Close All Windows
fa';* lf your computer crashes, you may have

'@n Savs As.,,

*+a,;* z?! *?-'c"t:+**rl --,

F.ii=ra i:;i*$..-
Sav6 Attachments...
llilxir :-++k .qt3ri:*]**i5
to reboot/start.
To transfer text to another document,
vou can coov and sticUpaste.
You can use the mouse to drag/pull
icons on your computer screen.
You need thisto recharge your phone
when the battery is dead. C; ch.argvr 7 Hold the left mouse button and move
the cursor over the text that you want to
2 You use this to take photos. show out/hiqhliqht.
3 a system for finding the best way to
a place
choices on vour comPuter
:.1:::t
a device for controlling a machine
such as a TV from a short distance
E Read the questions. Which ones can you answer?
Then read the article. Which of the questions does
it answer?
1 What is the Digital Generation Project?
2 Who started it and why?
3 What digital media do young people use?
4 What do students and teachers think about the
project?
5 What does the project show?

What are referencing words and how can they help you Today's young people are often refened to as the digital
to understand texts? generation. (1) . For many parents and teachers, this culture is
unfamiliar and sometimes confusing. So to help them understand
F STUDY SKILLS page 95
it better, lhe Digital Generation Projectwas launched.
The project is the brahchilQ of George Lucas, the film director best
known for the Star Wars and lndiana Jones films. He remembers
Read the article again. Complete the gaps with feeling bored at school, so in 1991 , he set up The George Lucas
sentences A-H. There is one extra sentence you Educational Foundation, which is designed to encourage and
do not need. celebrate innovation in schools. Edutopia, the foundation's website,
pubtishes documentary films and resourcqq for parents and teachers.
A They include videos and interviews showing how the
students use digital technology in their daily lives. Edutopia spent a year researching the digital lives of young
B She also writes a blog with people around the world. people from different parts of the United States and from
different backgrounds. Portraits of ten of these students between
c It's here that the results of the project can be found.
the ages of eight and 1B are published on the website. (3)
D But it's more than just playing with cool gadgets. Teachers and parents also talk about how they ad-dress the
challenges of keeping pace and supporting these digital learners.
E He's even helped his teacher by creating videos for
use in class. As Milton Chen, executive director of the foundation explains, 'We
want to help educalors and parents understand these new tools and
ln the future, he hopes to use these skills to work in behaviours and consider how they can be applied in new ways of
film-making or game design. teaching and learning.'
G It! a generation that was born into a digital culture One of the young people whose portraits appear on the website
and is fluent in its language and customs. is Gameron. At the age of 11, Cameron already produces his own
videos. (4) ..... Cameron attends an after-school tech club where he's
H But it's also about helping others. making a documentary film about his school. Like
many young people of his generation, Cameron
has entrepreneurial skills. To earn money during
the summer holiday, he plans to email all his
How far do you think the article suggests that friends and neighbours offering to make them
the following are true (1 very true / 2 quite slide shows of thejr family photos set to music for
true / 3 not true at all)? a reasonable price.
14-year-old Virginia enjoys playing games, texting and going on
1 George Lucas was bored at school because
social network sites. (5)... At school, she learnt to create and
the teachers didn't use technology in class. edit videos. One of these involved making a video of scenes from
2 lt can be hard for adults to keep up with the Romeo and Julief, accompanied by rap songs, which she made for
a literature class. For Virginia, technoiogy is about making life easier -
pace of digital change. she makes flashcards and games to help her study. (6) ..... ln her
3 Teenagers should be encouraged to spend free time, she teaches a class in digital citizenship for
younger students. The class, which aims to show
less time on gadgets.
students how to stay safe online, uses a virtual world
4 Edutopia is bridging generational differences. that she helped to create.
Justin attends a technology high school where he learns
advanced 3-D modelling, simulation and animation. He combines
words in the article with his passions for gaming and film-making to create games and videos
Match the g_ {_9{i_1ed-
in his free time. What appeals to him most about technology is the
these definitions. oppodunity it gives him to be creative. (7) Justin admits spending
1 enth usiastic about three hours every evening online, either playing games, chatting
or working on one of his prolects. But he is also an -avid reader, and
2 things that can be used in work makes time to volunteer in his free time. Every Saturday, he mentors
or study underprivileged children and shares his skills with them.

3 try to deal with a problem or question ..., What the Digital Generation Project shows is just how im_m,e1g9!
young people are in digital technology. They are using it to play
4 completely involved and socialise more than any previous generation. But they are also
5 clever system or plan using it to learn new skills, develop their creativity and contribute to
their communities.
I Complete the table. Write the sentences again with non-defining
relative clauses.
1 Harry is the boy who won the prize. Harry lives next
to Jim.
for things Nl'Lwh, thqt Nl4ill4
for people
Annie is going to the park to meet her best friend.
for places
She loves walking there.
for times
for reasons
Paul gave me a box of chocolates to thank me for my
for possessions
help. lt was kind of him.
use commas? yes/no yes/no
can omit relative yes/no yes/no
pronoun? Katie will lend the book to Stacey and then she will
lend it to me. Katie works at Stacey! shop.

Complete the text with which, who, where, whose

or why. We're going to take the train to Paris and stay with
my aunt for a couple of days. I love Paris.

WISE but small! My favourite uncle is visiting this weekend. He lives

I nyone (a) wants to can see the stars
,f1at night with the naked eye, but to see the planets in Oxford.
(b) ..... ... .... .. ... . are further
away, you need a telescope.
As astronomy develops, more 7 The class at my old school gave me a lovely necklace
powerful telescopes are needed. as a leaving present. I wear it all the time.
That's the reason (c)
a new telescope has joined the
many (d) .,.... .., ........ ..... are
already in space. This telescope,
(e) ....... . ... . ......... is called WISE, is only about 40 cm
in diameter. lts small frame contains a digital camera Find and correct a mistake in each sentence.
(f) .. will be taking pictures of some of the most 1 That's the hotel that my mum and dad got
amazing objects in the universe, including asteroids, galaxies married.
and giant dust clouds (g) .... ...... stars are born. The
scientists (h) . . ............, team developed WISE are very
excited about the project. She's the person who brother plays the guitar in a
famous band.
Look at 2 again. Which of the answers a-h could
be replaced with that? Which of them could be
omitted from the sentence? I wish someone would invent a device. which
finds all your lost items.
Replaced: .. Omitted: ......... . ....

Write the sentences again with defining I want to find out when the train has been
relative clauses. cancelled.
1 That's the shop. I bought my jacket there. (where)
ThA ',s- tfu ,thtp_ wheyg, I bavgl.t rwy- jSCkr.t-. .
Harry, that I met on an English course, is going to
2 There is a button on the side of the phone. You need teach me German.
to press it. (which)
Carlos is going to Rome where he's been twice
That was the moment. I knew I wanted to be a before on Saturday.
doctor. (when)

Horse-riding can be a dangerous sport, that I

The people in my class with good exam results had don't think a lot of people realise.
revised very hard. (whose)

1666 was the year where there was a huge fire

It would be good if someone invented ,.rn",i,"n ,. in London.
cure the common cold. (that)
 Complete the sentences with a word from each box. il5llEillilE'e ?* Listen again. Which speaker
The words may be used more than once. does each statement relate to?

fb".kfm ; downuin=off i
a This wasn't the first time that I lost
mobile. 7
_ -*run :croll set " zoom _ i__ on = out *- g!, i
my

1 Some new cars a combination of

b Technology helped me to find
petrol and electricity. my phone.
+
c It wasn't a new phone.
2 I need to my application form to
take with me to my interview. d It took a long time before I got
my mobile back.
3 lf I hadn't bothered to my files, I

would have lost them all. e I wasn't alone when it happened.

4 lf you to the bottom of the page, f I shouldn't have acted so qulckly.

you'll see the information you want. There was important information
s,
5 Before you buy books and music online, you have on the phone when I got it.
to an account I reported the fact that l'd lost
6 My mobile can't a signal at my phone.
Dave's house. The phone was where I had dropped it.
7 lt really annoys me when things I had to buy a new phone.
my computer screen.

8 I was late because my alarm didn't . ..

this morning
* Match the phrasal verbs with the
9 The battery on my phone is about to , meanrn9s.
Can I use yours, please?
1 free up a connect
10 lf the writing is too small to read on the screen,
2 go down b make space so that
just 3 hack into it can be used for
something else
4 hook up
* Allthese photos illustrate stories about
lost or found put information into
mobile phones. Can you guess what happened? 5 key in
a computer using a
keyboard
d stop working
e connect to another
persont computer
illegally

Complete the sentences with the

phrasal verbs.
1 ln this box, you have
to .. .your
username and password.
2 Delete some of your photos if you
need 1o ..... ... . some
memory space.
3 When I first set up my online bank
account, I was worried that someone
would ,,,,,-,,, it.

Websites may
.'.
because of a sudden peak rn vrsrtor
g Ll$IEltlll0.e E* Listen to the stories on a radio show. Match
numbers.

the photos in 2 to the speakers. We can ,,,,,,,,,',,, to the

lnternet in our classroom.
Speaker 1: Speaker 2:
Speaker 3: Speaker 4:
Circle the correct alternative. Complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
1 Mehmet forgot to go to the dentist's.
word given. Do not change the word given. Use
Mehmet... between two and five words.
a didn't go to the dentist's when he should have. Please don't use your phone while we're
b can't remember being at the dentist!. having dinner. STOP
2 David remembered downloading a finder app. Please .. .We're
David... having dinner.
a needed to download the app and did. 2 I think it'i a good idea to switch off my phone
b downloaded the app and can now remember it. when I go to bed. LIKE
3 lsabel forgot to wear her cycle helmet. I ... ... . mY Phone
lsabel ... when I go to bed.
a couldn't remember whether she had worn 3 I left my phone in the coffee shop.
her helmet. How could I forget it? REMEMBER
b didn't remember to put her helmet on' t........ my phone in
4 Stefan stopped to send a message. the coffee shop.
Stefan stopped when ... 4 Paul didn't download the information he
needed. He forgot. FORGOT
a he wanted to send a message.
b he was sending a message. Paul .. . . .... .... the
information he needed.
Henry likes to cook dinner on Wednesdays because
both his parents work late. I was doing my homework. Then I had
a break. STOP
Henry cooks on Wednesdays because ...
to have a
a it's a good idea.
I

break.
b he enjoys it.
I didn't rememberthat l'd taken my
laptop to school. FORGOT
Match the halves to make sentences.
t..... to school.
1 I remember learning
2 Have you ever stopped to think
3 I like to back up
Complete the sentences with a gerund or
4 Remember to charge infinitive of these verbs.
5 I stopped using
6 A lot of people don't like buy * f6ll * get up a go € hand in
make " talk
a my computer at the end of each day.
b Facebook for a while, but then I started again. He'll neverforget ...... .. ...... in lor
for the first time.
c having their photo taken.
d how to use a computer when I was three.
l'm sorry. I forgot .. ....... .. .. . you a

birthday present.
e about what life would be like without technology?
I wish you'd stop . . .... that
f your phone before we go on holiday.
noise. lt's driving me madl

Complete the sentences with the correct form of The teacher stopped
the verbs given. to have a drink of water.
1 My gran .. ... . all her clothes I like .... ... . . .... early at the
by hand when she was a girl. (remember/wash) weekend, even if it's difficult.
2 l've got to . .... clothes - Most people like ...... .. ..... . ... .. . to
my wardrobe is full! (stop/buy) the cinema.
No one .............. a cake for When lremembered
Janet birthday so I bought one. (remember/make) homework, the teacher had already left.

Alexander had td . . .. .. . his 8 I remember to read as

shoelace when he was out running. (stop/tie uP) if it was yesterday,

Trixie .. . ........ more than any

other activity. (l ike/windsu rf)

Nita says she will never .........

the TV star. (forget/meet)

E Read the question and the Read a shofter version of the conversation.
arguments (a-f). Which Complete the dialogue with phrases from 4.
arguments suppoft a'yes' (Y) Woman: Personally, I think it's true that technology
answer and which support a has caused a generation gap, but not in
'no'(N) answer? a negative way. I think technology has
created differences, but not really problems.
Has new technology caused a
(a)
generation gap between young &
people and their parents? Man: No, sorry, l'm not.
(b)
a Technology is developing so
Woman: What I mean is that I think that technology is
fast that even kids
developing so rapidly that it's inevitable that
a few years apart grow up using different media. @P.l
there are differences. I just don't believe that it
b There have always been generation gaps, this is causes problems.
nothing new. Ylru
Man: I see, but I think there is a difference between
c This generation is actually closer to their parents how generations vlew technology.
than previous generations. Yl{t
Woman: oK.
d Many parents find it difficult to understand how (c)
important technology is to their children. Y/fU you're saying that technology is more
e Young people have grown up with technology, important for young people.
but their parents have had to adapt. Ylru Man: Yes, that's exactly what I mean. I think people
f Most adults are familiar with a range of of all generations use technology, but
technology nowadays. Ylr* for younger people, it's a priority.
Woman: That's true, but young people aren't
&ffi e Listen to tw6 people talking about the
?4. using technology to rebel. lt! just that
question in 1. Do they think that technology has it's something they've always known.
caused a generation gap? (d)
The woman: Yes / No The man: Yes / No Man: Yes, I do, though I think that there are
sometimes disagreements ...
llffirMe 2& Listen again. Who uses these phrases,
the man (M) or the woman (W)?
'1 What do you mean by that? wiw i Wnlcn words are stressed when you're speaking?
2
3
Sorry,l'm not sure l'm with you.
What I mean is ...
M/W
M/1iV i ;:;,;' 'oii.io.,",'
I

4 Are you saying that ...? {'}l l\tl

5 Yes, that! exactly what I mean. Mliaj How would you respond to each of the following
6 Do you get what l'm saying? t\rt lY'l
statements in a discussion? Write your answers.
7 ln other words, ... es lv{ 1 'l think technology has made the generation gaP
much wider. Parents just don't understand the
to make sentences and lifestyles and interests of young people today.'
Put the words in order
questions.
1 I you what mean do see ?

2 again you that over could go ?

2 'Some parents know a lot about new gadgets, so
there's no gap as far as l'm concerned.'
, ;;;; ", ,"0"",r"0 settins don't I you're

- ;; ;. 0r,," "* that's mean

'
-., are with you me ?
5 3 ;i;,;il;;;;;i;;;;;;, ;;;. ;;;;; r
relatlonships. not just between parents and children.'

6 I you if correcttf ;;;

7 mean sure you not l'm what

I you are me i.rf.*r"g i Practise giving your opinion about technology and
the generation gap from the question in 1.
 3 Make notes for your report.

Section

E Read the question below. What will the four

sections of the repoft be?

A magazine for teenagers wants to know about what

teenagers use their computers for. You have been asked
to write a report about what you and your friends use
your computers for most and how usefui you think
Section 4:
computers are.

't ...

a Complete the sentences with these words so € Write your report using your notes.
that they are true for you. Then write three more
sentences.

i all * most + nearly all . none 4 some ila[ [* ,[*ffi[[,[* l[ ,{t ,{il#
of my friends use social
networking sites.
of my friends shop on the
I nternet.

of my friends use the lnternet

to research their own interests.
of my friends play games on
their computers.
of my friends are writing
books.

6 of my friends do their
homework on their computers.
video carrs
*rir, i".,rv .;;;,; ;:f ilJ [::3:lave
8

9.
10. . .
Grommqr Vocobulory
1 Complete the sentences with who, which, whose, I Read the definitions and write the words.
where, why or when.
1 You use this to change the channels
1 I find it hard in the middle section of a race because on the TV.
that's ... l'm mosttired. 2 You use this to clean carpets in
2 l'm not sure of the reason we aren't the house. e ... ........... ... .

allowed to wear trainers to school. 3 You can copy information from your computer onto
3 I think the person house this is won't this and carry it around.
want us to park outside it. 4 You use this to type information into
4 I live in the street a famous actor used a computer.
to live. 5 You use this to give power to
5 I work in a shop with my friend Rachel,.. . a battery.
also lives next door to me.
6 l've just heard my aunt is getting married, 3 Complete the dialogue with these words. There
I think is fantastic. are three extra words you do not need.

Circle the correct alternative. crashed * disconnect * frozen " install

pressing " pushing . streaming u upgrade
1 lt seems strange that/which nobody wants to go to
the match on Saturday. Tim: What are you doing on your computer, Chris?
2 Jessie, who/that is a great writer, won last month's Chris: l'm watching a TV programme I missed.
poetry competition.
Tim: Are you (a) it or have you
3 l've arranged to meet'Steve on the corner, that/ downloaded it?
where we alwavs meet.
Chris: I didn't download lt - that's why it keeps stopping.
4 A workaholic is a person who/whose 1ob is the most
Tim: Maybe you need to (b) .
important thing to them.
........ your
computer memory so it can run faster.
5 Our local coffee shop, that/which only opened last
Chris: Oh no! Now my computer screen has
year, has closed down.
(c) ......Whatshouldldo?
Complete the sentences with the gerund or Tim: Have you tried (d) the Control, Alt,
infinitive form of the verbs given. Delete keys?
Chris: Yes, but nothing happened.
1 I only like ..... .. (sail) in summer.
2 I mustn't forget (feed) my
Tim: Switch the computer off and (e) it.
Then try turning it on again.
neighbour's cat this evenlng.
3 Dave remembers (meet) Ellie,
Complete the sentences with one word.
but he couldn't remember where.
4 I like (be) punctual. I hate it
1 You should always back ............. your files in
case you lose them.
when people are late.
5 Remember . (call) me later.
2 Use the mouse to , up or down
the page.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a 3 You can't pick .... a signal on the tube.
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the 4 You need a charger because this camera
word given. Do not change the word given. Use runs batteries
between two and five words. 5 You probably won't wake up in the morning if your
1 I finished reading my book and then I fell asleep. HAD alarm doesn't.................... . .. . . off.
lfell asleep
my book. Match the definitions (1-6) with the words (a-h).
There are two extra words you do not need.
2 Sarah's upset - do you know whatt wrong? IDEA
Have ,
1 grey dust that's left after a fire a box office
Sarah's upset? 2 someone injured in an event b crowd
3 He doesn't eat as quickly as I do. SLOWLY 3 a long time without raln c outcome
He. ......t do. 4 a large group of people in one place d ash
4 They can't eat any more because they are too full. TO 5 where people perform at a theatre e gig
They any more. 6 another word for concert f drought
5 Would you mind completing this form, please? lN g stage
Could you ..... h casualty
please?
? Match the extracts (A,-E) with the sections of a 4 Write a headline for each of these news gtories
newspaper (1-6) below. using some of the words lrom 2 and 3'
1 The Prime Minister! wife has promised that she will
attend Fashion Week.

E tntffiiofs *classic French designs for the home Library services will be reduced sooner than was
thought.

El Pearvtadam,
In Harry Trent's column on Tuesday, he said young 3 A soap oPera star will marry her producer next year'
people nowadays have no manners.
What rubbish! He couldn't be more wrong " '
4 A forest fire has been brought under control'

tr u** nrid Pitt fitm,eceive$ ffififfi ;;;;;; ";;; n.io .n"o., has siven encourasement
to the national team.
E roP 3 BANKS report record Profits
Read the report and complete the headline'
Ei=;;r;;i ;;;;;il il;;ffi;,;,;;;J'
,", with a brighter afternoon to follow.
WILDLIFE OFFIGIALS

1 life and style

2 business and finance
3 have your say
4 weather forecast
5 sport
6 entertainment and the arts

Match the words with the definitions.

More than 1,000 blackbirds fel1 from the sky and landed,
1 ban a manager/director dead, on roads, pavements and driveways in Beebe in
2 blast b affect badlY Arkansas last week. Wildlife off,cials who are seeking an
explanalion are testing the birds to see ifthey can flnd
3 blaze c cut
oui what kilied them. One idea is that a flock of birds
4 boost d steP towards a goal could have been hit by a flreworks display.
5 boss/head e make illegal
6 clash f tense situation
7 axe g fire
I drama h disagree violentlY
* Circle the correct alternative.

t hit i exPlosion 1 The News Today is a weekly/daily paper which

people buy on their way to work each morning'
'l 0move j increase/encourage
2 I buy a weekly/fortnightly business magazine' I

11 quit k leave/resign
don't have time to read more than two magazines
a month.
Circle the word uzuallY used in a headline. I saw the pictures of the British Prime Minister
'l cut... reduce 7 investigation ... Probe visiting Australia on the national/regional news'
2 key ... important 8 mystery ... riddle I usually find out what's happening in our town on
3 request ... Plea 9 spark... cause our n ati onal/ ocal newspaper's website.
I

4 promise ... pledge 10 marry... wed l'm going to buy the June edition of Fit For Life'
5 link ... connection 11 aid ... help It's i
fortntghtty/monthly magazine that always has
good ideas for keeping {it in a fun way.
6 PM ... Prime Minister 12 support... back
E Match the halves to make headlines. 3 Read the articles. Choose a headline for each
1 Teenager made to tidy up a with nothing article from 1.
2 Teenage millionaire b starts new job A
3 Teen lottery winner lefl c finds winning lottery ticket B

E ,U" many teenagers, 19-year-old Ryan Kitching ignored tr \f / nen Callie Rogers won
1
J-rhis mother's pleas to clean his bedroom. When he finally Y Y the lottery at the age
g_ay_e_tq, he found a winning lottery ticket worth f,52,981. of l:6, she:thoqghtsh€ wa$:rr l
the:luekiest pereori alite! the
One morning, he kner,v that he'd be in trouble if he didn't tidy
his room and p_ut_aw-ay his clothes. As he _cleare_d _r-p the mess,
didfft. rc,glise:thai it w9 uld alrnost
he came across 12 old lottery. tickets that he had bought at the
ruin her life-
supermarket where he lrorked. He was about lo throw them Oallie was Britain's youngest ever winner when she matched all
away but, as he rvas going shopping with his mother anyway, six numbers and won the C1.9 million jackpot. She gave up her
he decided to lake then-r to lhe supermarket and check the
1ob as a shop assistant and spent the next few years living the
numbers.
flsl lilg She bought houses and cars for herself anO ner triends
Al the store, Ryan was told that he had'won big"'. He had to and family. She splashed out on expensive holidays, designer
phone the lollery organlsers lo f,nd oul exactly how clothes and cosmetic surgery.
much.'When I gave her the last number of the serial
But far from making her happy, Callie fell into
code, she said I had won f52,981. I just couldn't
depression. She didn't have a job and she felt lonely
believe it,'he said
and vulrerable, People would act like her best lriend
Ryan is still not sure whal to do wilh his wrnnings. -,.'d but she didn't know who to trust.
'It would lake me four or ive years lo earn lhis
amount of money and now I've gol il all at once,' Ten years later, she is left with just f2,0OO in the
he said. His father wants him to invest the money bank. Shes !_rg]p-, but she says. she's never felr
and use lt as a deposit to buy a house. But Ryan ls happier. Callie now lives in a modest house with her
considering a trip to Maliorca with his friends. He also partner and has three young
wants to help his younger brother to buy a car. children. 'We're a normal family,' she ( (,ltwrs
says, 'My life revolves around the kids too-,
Ryan has no plans to quit his job or stop his work with charity
First Response, which trains volunleers to provide emergency and. if they want something expensive, - muc[, rnoney -.
medrcal aid. 'lt's a great charity and I'm pianning on donating they wait for birthdays and Christmas. , fbr,someone:'.'
some of lhe winnings to them,' he said. l'm glad they'll grow up knowing the ! iSOy('l:fng;r,
* value of money.'
lo win big (slang) win a lot of money or a brg prize
lf she hadn't met her partner, her life

t:l,iff;;== would probably be very different. He didn t know she had been
a millionaire when he met her, and didn't find out until much
fr52,98L.t later. The relationship was to change her life for Lhe better.
just couldn't Now, looking back, Callie believes she was too young to win the
believe it ! lottery, and wishes the money had been kept for her when she
was older. 'l don't think 16-year-olds should be eligibrle to play
the lottery.' she says. 'lt was too much money fo, Iorneone st
young. Even if you say your life won't change, ir does. lt nearly
broke me, but thankfully, now l'm stronger'

E Read the news stories again. Are these statements

True (T), False (F) or is the information Not
Mentioned (NM)?
1 Ryan didn't know that he had lottery tickets
in his room.
He immediately decided to check the
3 Match the u-4d_erlineC words in the articles with
numbers when he found them. -..'
:?: ?j= these definitions.
He has spent some money on presents for
family and friends. 7 : ?: r*t:f,
1 make a place tidy

He plans to donate some of the money 2 be without money

to charity. 1 j7 /;:'..j?4 3 stop arguing about something and accept that you
Callie spent all her loftery money on cannot win
presents for other people. 7, .. :";i 4 put something in its
She was huppy with her usual place
extravagant lifestyle. ::=:,=5= 5 a style of living that includes spending
She wants her children to have a better a lot of money
understanding of money than she did. 7. . . . ".='
She met her parlner when she had spent
all her money. 1.
: ?, ?.i':E
 Tick (/) the sentences which talk about the future * Write the sentences again
the past. using conditional forms.
'l He was cleaning his room when he found the 1 I didn't tidy my room so
winning ticket. my books are everywhere.
2 He was about to throw the ticket away when he decided If ld tidied vny- ra-qlw,
to check it. :: wY .b.q a k^t.. W o uld.n) t
3 He was going to go to the supermarket anyway to help
his mother with the shoPPing. bg gverywhrge.
4 He would buy his brother a new car lf he could' = 2 I don't llke science-fiction

5 They were going on holiday for one week. Now they're = fllms so I didn't see the
going for two. :: film on TV last night.
6 She didn't realise that winnlng the lottery would change
her llfe. il
7 She won mlllions, but she was to spend it all in less than
ten years. i-:
. ,;; ;;;;;;;;;;;,. to the party,ast
3 Complete the text with these words. One word is weekend.
used twice.

about u going * was 4 were * would

I didn't study at school so itt difficult to find
a job.

This week, despite the bitter cold, many of us have gone out into our
,
that
;;;;;;;
job.
;*;;; ;;;,;;;il;;;
gardens thinking we (a) to see amazing events in the
sky above us. Astronomers had told us that we (b)
see a solar eclipse on Monday. But in my part of the country it was
too cloudy to see the Sun, with or without an eclipse. On Tuesday, my
plan was that I was (c) . . . . to look for Venus, Uranus and
Iwasn't born in the US so I need a visa to
Jupiter, all of which are closer to us than usual. Unfortunately, iust as
work there.
I was (d) ... to go outside to search the sky for these

planets, it began to snow, so once again we couldn't witness anything

but the reality of life on Earth. Yesterday, I tried again. The astronomers
promised there (e) .. to be a meteor shower and the
weather forecasters promised that we (f) .. . ....... have clear
skies. They were both right and I don't know which event was more
exciting: having clear skies here or the spectacular meteor shower!
Circle the correct alternative.
1 lf you won the lottery, what would you
3 Complete the conditional sentences with the correct form do/have done?
of the verb. 2 I found out on Sunday that Sam was/is
1 lf the clouds (not clear) away, appearing in a play that day.
we wouldn't be able to see the stars. 3 The party would/was to start at 7 pm,
lf my sister were tidy, she ... . .... (not but everyone arrived late.
lose) her things all the time. I wouldn't have come by train iI I could/
had been able to drive.
Yesterday she found her birthday money in an envelope. She'd
be sorry if she . .. . (throw) it away. lf I wasn't afraid of flying, l'd fly/have
flown lo ltaly last year.
4 If my brother.. .. (not go) to art

classes every week, he wouldn't have been invited to the

6 lf I were/'d been you, I wouldn't have left
ri
exhibition.
She said il would be/was being a great
5 lf I hadn't spent all my pocket money,
result, and she was right.
I .. (be able) to buY that book.
6 She'd be lonely if she .. .. . .. .. (not
meet) her group of friends.
7 lf she . (be) interested in
astronomy, she would be here with us tonight.
 Complete the definitions with these words. 'ffie ?5 Listen to a news story on a radio
show. Choose the correct headline from 3.
A newsflash n A news update * A turn of events
Breaking news e Front-page news
Headline 1 lJ Headline 2 il Headline 3 il
Holding a press conference
Effie 35 Listen again and choose the correct
news that is beins answer.
6;;;; i;;in" ii,,iir.". '' 1 Joey spoke to the thief wh€n ...
means organising a a he saw her steal money from a blind man's
meeting to inform journalists about a piece of news. pocket.
an unexPected b he saw her take the blind man's money.
J"""r.p.""; i; ; ;i#;;. '' c she agreed to return the money to the blind man.
is the most important The story became news after ...
news of the time. a a customer wrote an email and posted it online.
item of b a customer! email was posted on the shop's
*nr.r., ,.n"v rr,"rrrp;;il;:;:"1::rtant noticeboard.
""*, c someone at the shop posted the email online.
is an item of news
giving details on previously reported stories. According to the customer, Joey ...
a was angry with the thief and asked her to leave
the shop.
b gave the woman a $20 bill from his own wallet.
j What are collocations? Why ls it useful to learn them? c acted professionally during the incident.
I
I

Since the incident, we know that Joey ...

a has appeared on many TV shows.
b was congratulated by the shop owner.
Choose the best option, a, b, c or d. c is going to become a shareholder in the company.
1 A new young designer has......... headlines in fashion As a reward, Joey also ...
pages around the world.
a met a racing driver that he admired.
a done b made b was invited to compete in a car race.
c broken d run c received an invitation to attend a sports event.
2 I missed the last . . of news because I fell asleep. Joey's response to the incident is that ...
a point b part a he was only doing his job.
c item d thing b he did what he thought was right.
3 24-hour news you informed of world events as c he did what anyone else in his situation would do.
soon as they happen.
a keeps b gets
c hears d knows
4 The story about the missing tiger is in the paper.
6 Match these jobs with the descriptions.
a front-page news b holding a press conference columnist * contributor 6 correspondent u editor
c a newsflash d a turn of events reporter n subeditor
ls it OK if I turn on the news? I want to see if there
are any ....... on the effects of the floods. I am the overall supervisor of content for
a newsflashes b updates a book, newspaper or magazine.
c headlines d breaking news 2 I am an assistant helping to prepare all the

No one would have expected this . after the team material for publication.
looked set to lose the match. I am employed by the organisation to provide

a update b news item reports on any news from a

c turn of events d {ront-page news
I supply news items and features for several
3 to make headlines.
Put the words in order
1 clash ice cream shop drama in customers I write a regular feature or series of articles in a
newspaper on a particular field

2 [q frorn stealing woman arrested blind man 6 lt is my job to find out the facts of a news story
and write the story for the newspaper
I r!1lrt to the do it paF thing
 Complete the indirect questions. Complete the question tags.
1 How old is Joey? 1 Jonathan will be able to come to the
Can I ask pafty,

2 Does he work there every day? 2 The editor is Nick Jackson,

Do you know 3 The top-selling song of 2014 was Pharrell's
3 Did the customer leave quietly? HIPPY, ?

Have you got any idea 4 You haven't met Greg before, ?

4 How did the email become public? 5 We don't have to hand in our essays until
Can you tell us .. Monday, ?

5 How does Joey feel about being famous? 6 You can't ski, ?

l'd like to ask 7 That was completely

6 What is he going to do now? unexpected, ?

I wonder 8 Jack had seen the film before,

2 Read the answers to some questions a reporter Write the question tags.
asked about a fox found in a partially-built office
building in London. Write the indirect questions 1 I think Lady Gaga's real name is Stefani Germanotta.
she asked. Lad11 Q<gt't real 44n+9 t: St?faw 8e-v444wtta,
un,.t Ut?

2 I think she was born in New York.

3 | don't think she! touring at the moment.

The fox was found on the 72"d floor of The

Shard building at London Bridge,300
o,i,"i;;;,;";;;; " ;,;;;;;.;
metres above the ground.
5 I think she plays the piano very well.

2 The fox has been nicknamed Romeo.

o t don't thinr. ,i" pr.f, ,r.l" gr,,r.

3 It entered the building through a

central stairwell before climbing to
the top.
€ Decide if the sentences are correct or not.
Correct the incorrect sentences.
l* A crane driver saw the fox 1 l'd like to ask how much does this cost?
F
h
t
2 You weren't here yesterday, were you?
We caught the fox by putting
some chicken meat in a cage.
3 Everybody's here now, isn't it?

6 Now, the fox has been 4 I wonder if could you tell us what time the train
released back into the wild. a rrives.

5 Do you know if the police arrested the thief?

6 Daniel's n"r"r. O"un ,o ftrf V, f,"r"'t he?

7 Have you got ,", ,;; ;;;;;;;;;;; ;; r

4
with the money? ,_

I
8 l'm late for class again, am l? t
E Read the statement. Write a list of reasons to Read the argument against the statement and
argue that this is true. write your opinion. Use some of the expressions
for presenting opposing points of view in 3.
'Print newspapers are an outdated medium. They will not
exist by 2025.'
1 Print newspapers never crash.

People may think this true because:

Rr.adL44 thz 49w{ Qn)l1e.k. n+ug,h n'+9y9-

Print newspapers can b; ; ;"ri,i" """J

.t
"
laptop or lnternet connection.

A
{;
IE:
I
-'r
#.3 You don't have to sign in, register or remember
passwords to read a print newspaper.
#

4 You read articles i" fri", ;;;;;,;";' tn"t yo, ..isii

not read online.

5 Print newspapers are cheap, disposable and easy to

replace so it doesn't matter if you spill a drink on them.

LISIIilIIB @ tisten to a presentation about the

statement ==in 1. Tick (/) any of the reasons that
you wrote. Make notes on other reasons that the
speaker gives.
5 Make notes for a presentation on this topic.

I lntroduction.. $aIo your opinion

e Listen again. Circle the expressions

tl$IIl,llB0, ?$
that the speaker uses. , il; y;;; ,r. pr,.r, andjustifl tham
1 There's no denyingNou can't deny that reading an
online newspaper can be annoying.
2 I would still say that/However, as lnternet , rron)t o;; ;; ;;; ;p;r.g pr'.,t
connections improve, it will become faster to
load articles.
3 And let's not forget/you can't disagree with the fact
that there are advertisements in print newspapers,
4 Berpond to tho opposing poini(5)
too.
I acceot/lt's true that olde' people, who are more
used to reading print newspapers, will continue to do 5 Lonc\wion. re$zie your opinion
so for a while.
5 Even so/Having said that, I believe that it will
become too expensive to produce prlnt copies.
6 And let's not forgetlthere's no denying that print
newspapers are bad for the environment. * Practise giving your presentation. Use expressions
for presenting opposing points of view.
E Match the pairs of linkers that have similar 4 What image do you think people have of teenagers?
meanings.
1 in myopinion a in addition
2 since b consequently
3 however c as far as l'm
4 furthermore concerned

5 therefore d lastly ,. v", ir,'"i ;;;.;;i,;"' of teenasers shoutd

e because change? lf so, how could perceptions be changed?
6 finally
f on the other hand

Read the newspaper headlines. What image of

teenagers do they create?

Two out of five teenagers are tos stressed to steep

Warning over poor cooking skills You have seen this announcement in your local
paper. Write the afticle. Remember to use linkers
among teenagers and follow the stages for writing a text.

Teeragprs do not oftenhave an opportuniff to

give their point of view in newspapers. We rryould
like to prfut an artiele rwitten hy a teenager.
Write an article about how it feels to be a teenager today
and suggest ways to change how teenagers are perceived
by others.

Answer questions about teenagers in the news

where you live.
ffi#ffii,{ [[[*$#[$#c$
1 How often do you read or hear news about teenagers
doing good things?

How often do you hear about teenagers doing

risky thlngs?

How often do you read or hear news from

teenagert point of*view?
Grommor Vocobulory
I Circle the correct alternative. I Write the section of a newspaper that the
1 Grant would/was going to do a photography course
headlines (1-7) come from. There are two extra
sections you do not need.
in July, but he changed his plans.
When Steohanie was about to/was to oav for her arts and entertainment u business and finance
things, she realised that she didn't have her purse. health' obituaries r showbiz,/gossip
James wasn't about to/going to stay until the end of weather forecast " world
the concert so he sat at the back.
From a young age, Amy! parents thought she would 1 Temperatures to rise by end of week
be/was to be a musical genius.
The team's supporters hoped they would win the 2 Channel 6 boss to axe soap opera
tournament, but it wasn't going to/to be.
3 Fine weather boosts retail sales
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verbs given. 4 American ldol winner to wed next month
'l lf Ana had won the race, she ................. ...

(be) the champion now. 5 Schools back ban on junk food

David would feel more energetic if
(go) to bed earlier.
lf Jacob weren't so honest, he
2 Read the headlines. Match the words in bold with
(keep)the money he found. their meaning.
4 lf I . ...... . . .......... (not be) so shy, I
1 PM's pledge on jobs
would have done better at my interview. 2 Energy ministers clash over nuclear power
5 Mum (not be) annoyed 3 Police probe allegations of fraud
now if you'd done what she asked you to do. 4 Social media policies spark debate .. .

5 BBC boss to quit

Write the questions again as indirect questions.
1 How old are you?
a disagree violently c investigate e promise

Could you 2 b cause d resign

Which way is it to the beach?
Read the definitions and complete the words.
I wonder if
1 news that hasn't been reported before
Why did you become an actor?
b. . .. . n
l'd like to 2 the most important news of the moment
How much does that laptop cost? f... .-p. n
Can l 3 an unexpected change in the way something is
happenlng t ofe
Complete the question tags. 4 tell someone what is happening
1 Nina won't be late, k someone in
2 Your parents had a shop, .... .. .. . ? 5 organise a meeting to speak to journalists
3 Josh hadn't been to a concert, ..... .. ?
h. . a P c

4 Megan likesfish, . . ...... ..?

Choose the correct option, a, b, c or d.
Circle the correst alternative. 1 A. . . . interrupted our TV programme to say there
had been a volcanic eruption.
An Argentinian taxi driver has made headlines
after (a) to retum/returning a bag of money to its a update b newsflash
owners. Santiago Gori, (b) thaVwho drives a taxi in c headline d feature
La Plata, (c) made/was made his discovery after an 2 lf you up the page, you'll find the main menu.
elderly couple (d) had/has travelled in his taxi. They a print b click
(e) left/were leaving behind a bag filled with thousands c adjust d scroll
of dollars. Gori later managed (fl finding/to findthe 3 ln the future, Ithink most cars will run . .. electricity.
couple and returned the bag.
When they heard the news, two young Argentinians set
aon b out
(g) out/up a website to thank Gori. Thousands of people
c from drp
(h) visited/have visited the site and left donations. 4 Miners often work in very dangerous .....

Howeveri Gori says he simply (il did/had done what he a roles b shifts
thought $) was/would be the right thing to do. c conditions d experience
'//
Reoding
, E Read two newspaper articles. Which section from a newsPaper is each story from?
world news tr business tr technology tr sport tr
7
,
,
The Sound
,, of Silence
f he days of people shouting into mobile phones on buses
, could soon be a thing of the past with'silent sounds',
I
?, a new technology that transforms lip movements into a
computer-generated voice for the listener at the other end
The editor of a regional daily has handed over his job for a
? I Ury to an apprentice as part of a campaign in partnership
ofthe phone.
The device, developed by the Karlsruhe Institute ofTechnology
* with the National Apprenticeship Service to boost the local
(KIT), uses'electromYograPhY'.
economy and to help young people into work.
This process monltors tiny muscular movements that happen
Brian Aitken from Newcastle's The Journalhas thrown himself into
, when we speak and converts lhem into electrical signais that
a drive to find 100 apprenticeships in 100 days by trading places
can then be turned into speech, without a sound uttered.
with a young engineering apprentice. He swapped his editor's chair
, with 20-year-old Liam Rogerson, who is carrying out a three-year Michael Wand, a scientlst at KIT, says this technology, which
apprenticeship with Newcastle's Schooi of Marine Science and they have worked many years to develop, opens up a whole
* Technology. range of applications, from helping people who have lost
their voice due to iilness or accident, to being able to share
During the role-swap, Brian found out about the inner workings of
confldential informaLion as long as there are no lip-readers
wind turbines and wave simulation tanks He said, 'l was absolutely
, blown away by the kind of high-tech work being carried out.'
around, of course.
Furthermore, because the electrical signals are universal,
Meanwhile, Liam was iniroduced to the world of deadlines, headlines
they can be immediately transformed into the language of
r, and fonts. One of Liam's tasks was to choose the story that would
appear on the front page of the newspaper' He chose a story about
the phone user's choice. You can silently utter a sentence in
your own language, and tne iistener can hear the sentence
the city council's plan to replace charity collection bins al recycling
* iranslated into another language. It appears as ifyou have
cerlres with bins of their own.
spoken in a foreign language. This works effectlvely for
Atteruvards. Brian said, The day reminded me how imporlant it is languages like English, French and German, but it fails to
to help North-east businesses find and train the right people. I am function properly for lang,rages like Chinese, where different
, determined that Ihe Journal's campaign to {ind 100 apprentices in tones can hold dlfferent meanLngs
7 100 days will play a key role in that.'
And Liam saicl his day atThe Journal, which took place as part of
The engineers have gol the
device working to 99 Per ceni
National Apprenticeship Week, had given him an insight into how the efflciency, so the mechanical
, newspaper was put together. He said 'There is an incredible amount vo ce aL ite o -her er d of rhe
of work that needs to be done before an edition can go to press and phone gets one word in 100
1 it was interesting to get a feel for all the different departments that
are involved, including the news desk, production and the features
wrong, explained Michael Wand.
'But we're working to overcome
depariment. lt did make a career in iournalism look exciting, but I'm the remainlng technical
not sure I would be happy with the long hours.'
, difflculties. In flve, maybe ten
A number ol regional papers have held similar successful campaigns years, this will be useable,
to create apprenticeships. everyday technology,' he said.
*
4.
? Read the articles again. Are these statements True (T), False (F) or is the information
7 Not Mentioned (NM)?
'l The project to find 100 apprenticeships in 6 The device for mobile phones allows people

, 100 days was launched by The Journal. 7 l? i?4'::4 to send text messages, which are translated
/r 2 Brian was impressed by the students' work
into a voice message on the listener's phone. V i{ i ?"}r1€1

at the university. T iVi74T:'4 Scientists have been working on the device

Liam was responsible for choosing the
for many years. 7 i 5; ?*{:4
, front-page news story. T:+ !?3:?,4 8 They originally developed the device for
* people who have lost thelr voice due to
Liam thinks that he would enjoy a job as a
/, news editor in the future.
'T;V;?..j'.r.?, accident or illness. r t?4!.4

7
/, Editors from other newspapers have
9 The device allows the user to translate their
message into any other language they want. T !=!"#tjfr
swapped roles with students, too. T;?i7:4?24
1O The scientist who developed the device
//"
expects the technology to be in everyday
use in the future. ={ !=17*7'4

t. ,'
Use of English Writing
3 Read the article. Which adjective describes the story? * Read this task.
a amusing fl b hilarious I c moving I d thrilling I Your school magazine has asked you to write a
report about the media you and your friends use
A good Samaritan has given a homeless man an e-reader to watch, read or listen to the news, say what
so that he can pursue his love of reading. you think of news med@ and recommend how it
could be improved for the use of teenagers.
The man, who wishes to remain anonymous, often went on
business trips to Las Vegas, and (1) . .. . always see the homeless
man reading one book repeatedly. ? Write your report.
During his last visit, he started a conversation with the homeless
Paragraph 1: lntroduction, stating the aim of
man, (2)....... name is Pau1. He asked him if he (3) readlng and
the report
why he aiways read the same book. Paul explained that he only
had one book so he read it again and again. Paragraph 2: Description of the current
situation
The man remembered (4) . . . his e-reader in his bag that moming,
and in a kind gesture, decided to give it to Paul and teach him Paragraph 3: Your opinion
how to scroll (5) ....... to choose Paragraph 4: Conclusion - give your opinion,
a book and swipe the screen to repeating the strongest point made in 3 and
turn a page. Paul was delighted giving a recommendation
with the device, which has
about 300 books. The man also
left his address in (6) . . . Paul
wanted more reading material
and promised to provide it
free of charge. He said that
he hoped the story would
encourage other people to
do something kind as well

Read the story again. Decide which answer (A, B, C or D)

best fits each gap.
1 Adid B used C would D had
2 Awho B that C which D whose
3 A likes B Iiked C could D started
4 Aput B putting C having D has

5 Afor B out Con D down

6 Aif B case C fact D which

Listening
LSIE*HE e ?7 Listen to a brother and sister talking about
= technology. Choose the correct answer.
* Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
ln some sentences, there is more than
1 The students in the video gave uP their phones because ... one mistake.
a their teacher thought they were addicted to them. 1 The students, that are from London,
b they had been discussing their media habits in class. stopped to use their phones.
c one of the students suggested it.
2 The students in the video ...
a were given other phones to use for a week.
2 Have you got any idea why did they do it?

b weren't allowed to make calls or send text messages.

c could use computers but not phones. 3 I was to buy a new phone, but my .l
During the week, the students ... parents gave me one for my birthday.
a hated being without their phones.
I
'::./
l'':.::
b didn't know what to do with their time.
This story made the headlines, wasn't it?
l/
c found they did more things.
When the week was finished, they ...
I 1

a decided to use their phones less. Don't forget backing your documents /,
)4,:
b felt happier because they got their phones back. every evening. r'<
c didn't want their phones back. ',,,',,,,,,,,,,,,,',,.',..'..,,,,,,,,,,,,
!
!
1
I
I
V0CABULARY: USING A VOCABULARYT IEARNING PHRASAT VERBS
DICIIONARY Phrasal verbs consist of a verb and one or two particles (prepositions or adverbs). The
When you look up words in a meaning of phrasal verbs is not always easy to guess from the verb or pafticles. Use a
dictionary do not just look at the dictionary, but be careful because the same phrasal verb can have different meanings.
first meaning that appears. ManY Read the examples and check the context to make sure you have found the relevant
English words have more than meaning.
one meaning and can have more WRITING: ORGANISING YOUR WRIIING
than one form (e.g. they can be
When you have thought of the basic ideas that you are golng to Include in your essay,
a noun and a verb), or they can
stop and organise them into logical paragraphs. You should do this before you start to
be part of phrases with different
write, not whileyou are writlng.
meanings. ln a print dictionary,
look at the Introduction to find
out how it gives information
about types of word. Getting to
know the lnternational Phonetic
Alphabet (lPA) helps you to work
out the pronunciation of new GRAMMAR: UY0RKING 0l'l MISTAKES V0CABU LARY: KE E PING VOCABUIARY
words. Online dictionaries often When you make mistakes with RECORDS 1

allow you to hear the spoken grammar, check to see if the mistakes When you make a record of a new word, !
u
word. write down anything special you need to t
are generally mistakes with the form, I
$PEAKING: SPEAKING ENGIISH spelling or meaning of the structure. know about it. Does it have a positive or '1,
I
wEu Work constructively on your mistakes negative meaning? Can you add a prefix ta
To speak English well we need to lmprove. Keep a section in Your to make the negatlve form? ls the word :

a balance between accuracy notebook for recurring mistakes and informal or is it only usually used in its {

and fluency. Accuracy means refer to them when necessary. Make full written form? ls there anything special
how correct our use of grammar use of the resources provided for further about the pronunciation? Can you grouP
is when we speak. Fluency practice. the word with other, similar words? All
means whether we can speak these things can help you to remember
USIENING: PREDICTING BEF0RE
continuously in English without the word and use it correctly.
TISTENING
stopping frequently to think Before listening exercises, it's a good WRIIING: REVIEWING YOUR WRIIING
about what we want to say next. idea to predict the content of the text. When you finish writing a text in English,
Think about anything you know about check it carefully. Have you answered
the topic. Look at any illustrations, titles the question completely? Are there any
or questions. They can all glve you clues obvious mistakes? ls it easy to understand
about what you are going to hear. the ideas and informatlon in your text?

READING: SKIMMING AND SCANNING liYRlTlNG: MAKING A PIAN

Skimming and scanning are two different ways of reading When you write, always make a plan. lt helps you to decide
a text. When we skim a text, we read it quickly to get exactly what you are going to say and what order to say
a general, overall idea of the text. We usually read the it in before you begin. This makes your text much more
beginnlng and then focus briefly on the first lines of the coherent. Refer back to your plan as you are writing.
other paragraphs. When we scan a text, we are looklng for
specific information. After locating the key words we are
looking for, we read the relevant sections. We usually skim a
text first, and then scan for specific information.
 READING: ACTIVAIING YOUR rc{OWtEDGE SPEAKING: USING FItLERS
Before you read, look at any visual clues about the content When your mind goes blank in a conversation and you can't
and have a quick think about what you know about the think what to say, use fillers to give yourself time to decide
subject. This can help you to understand more when you what you're going to say next. Use Er, The thing is, Well,
actually read the text. You know ... lt can also be usefuFto use the questions:
What? Who? Where? Why? When?, etc. as prompts when
you are trying to think of basic things to say.

READING: GUESSING MEANING FROM C0NTEXT SPEAKING: COPING WHENYOU CANT REMEMBER A WORD
When there are new words in a text, look at the context. When you don't know a word or can't remember how to
The sentences before and after can help you guess the say a word in the middle of the conversation, don't panic.
meaning. The words directly before and after should help Explain what you want to say using other, simpler words to
you to decide the type of word. Break the word down into convey the meaning. Whatever you do, don't stop speaking
parts. Do you know any of the parts? ls the word similar and don't just say the word in your language.
to a word in your language? Remember that it isn't always
WRITING: EDIIING YOUR WRlIlNc
necessary to understand every word in orderto understand
the text. When you finish your first version of a text, check for
mistakes and then edit your text. Look for unnecessary
USTE N ING: LISIENING FOR GE N E RAL Ul{DERSIANDING repetition, irrelevant information or confusing examples and
Use the first listening to get a general idea of the text. details. Cut them from your text so that it becomes clearer
Don't worry about understanding every little thing. When and easier to follow. Make sure your writing follows a logical
you listen the second time, check and confirm your ideas order, and check this against your plan if you have one.
and listen for more details. ln the same way as skimming
and scanning a reading text, it helps to know beforehand
what information you are listening for.

Lt

READING: UNDERSIANDING REFERENCING WORDS V0CABUTARY: LEARNINc

ll
It\ When you read a text, pay special attention to reference words like this, that, there, it, COTLOCAIIONS
1
,l
they. Look backwards and forwards in the text to find out what the words refer to. This Col locations are typical
will help you to get a better understanding of the text. combinations of words. Learning
SPEAKING: USING SENIENCE SIRESS collocations helps you to speak
and write English in a more
Remember that sentence stress is important when you are speaking in English. By
natural way. Make a note of
stressing imporlant words in the sentence, you make your meaning clear. Your aim is
these when you learn new words
for listeners to be able to understand you without them having to make a special effort.
and add to them as you come
Paying attention to natural stresses when Iistening to different'types of spoken English
across different examples.
is good practice.
WRIIING: PTANNING AND
CHECKING
The two golden rules of writing
a re:
1 never begin writing a text
without planning.
2 never hand in a text without
checking.
lsBN 978-0-230-47097-2

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