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    L01 Philosophical Perspectives

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    Pearl Necole
    1) Philosophers have debated the nature of the self for centuries, with views ranging from the self being synonymous with the soul, to the self being merely a bundle of perceptions or the physical brain. 2) Most philosophers agree that gaining self-knowledge is important for living a happy and meaningful life. 3) Major philosophers like Plato and Aristotle viewed the self as having different parts or aspects, while Descartes defined the self as thinking entity distinct from the physical body.

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    L01 Philosophical Perspectives

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    Pearl Necole
    44 views7 pages
    1) Philosophers have debated the nature of the self for centuries, with views ranging from the self being synonymous with the soul, to the self being merely a bundle of perceptions or the physical brain. 2) Most philosophers agree that gaining self-knowledge is important for living a happy and meaningful life. 3) Major philosophers like Plato and Aristotle viewed the self as having different parts or aspects, while Descartes defined the self as thinking entity distinct from the physical body.

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    L01-Philosophical-Perspectives

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    1) Philosophers have debated the nature of the self for centuries, with views ranging from the self being synonymous with the soul, to the self being merely a bundle of perceptions or the physical brain. 2) Most philosophers agree that gaining self-knowledge is important for living a happy and meaningful life. 3) Major philosophers like Plato and Aristotle viewed the self as having different parts or aspects, while Descartes defined the self as thinking entity distinct from the physical body.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views7 pages

    L01 Philosophical Perspectives

    Uploaded by

    Pearl Necole
    1) Philosophers have debated the nature of the self for centuries, with views ranging from the self being synonymous with the soul, to the self being merely a bundle of perceptions or the physical brain. 2) Most philosophers agree that gaining self-knowledge is important for living a happy and meaningful life. 3) Major philosophers like Plato and Aristotle viewed the self as having different parts or aspects, while Descartes defined the self as thinking entity distinct from the physical body.

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    UNDERSTANDING THE SELF


    PHILOSOPHICAL
    PERSPECTIVES


    Philosophy -the etymological definitions of philosophy
    is “the love of wisdom” or pertain to the desire for truth
    by formulating never ending questions to provide
    answers to every inquiry about the nature of human
    existence. The nature of the self is the topic of interest
    among philosophers.

    Although there are disagreements in how philosophers


    view the self, most of them agree that self-knowledge is
    a prerequisite to a happy and meaningful life.
    PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF PHILOSOPHER ELABORATION
    SELF

    An unexamined life is not worth Socrates Self is synonymous with the soul.
    living. Two dichotomous realms: pysichal (changeable, transient,
    imperfect) and ideal (uchanging, perfect, immortal) realms.
    Man should be virtuous.

    If human beings do not live in Plato Elaborate Plato's concept of self.


    accordance to their nature / 3 Parts of soul: reason (make wise choices), physical
    function, the result will be appetite (hunger, thirst, sexual desire), and spirit/passion
    injustice. (love, anger, aggresiveness, and empathy). His Theory of
    Forms consists of: the world of forms (non-physical ideas)
    and world of sense (reality)
    Self-realization is attained by Aristotle life = soul (soul is the essence of all living things)
    fulfilling man’s threefold nature: 3 kinds of soul - vegetative (includes physical body that can
    vegetative, sentient, and rational. grow), sentient (sensual desires, feelings and emotions),
    and rational (allows man to know and understand things).
    Rational = self-actualization
    The self seeks to be united with St. Augustine Integrates the ideas of Plato and teachings of Christianity.
    God through faith and reason. The body is united with the soul. Soul governs and defines
    “I am doubting, therefore I am. man.
    PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF PHILOSOPHER ELABORATION
    SELF

    The self is a thinking thing, Rene Descartes Self-a thinking entity that doubts, understands,
    distinct from the body. analyzes, questions, and reasons.
    “I think therefore I am. (Cogito The essential self -the self as a thinking entity-
    ergo sum) is distinct from the self as a physical body.
    The human mind at birth is a John Locke The self is constructed primarily from sense
    blank slate or tabula rasa. experiences.
    The Self is consciousness. Reason-understand-experience

    There is no self, only a bundle David Hume Self -impressions (strong and lively) and ideas
    of constantly changing (less lively and vivid based on impressions).
    perceptions passing through The idea of personal identity is a result of
    the theater of our minds. imagination.
    The self transcends Immanuel Kant It is the self tthat makes a unified and
    experience. intelligible experience possible
    “We construct self”

    PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS PHILOSOPHER ELABORATION
    OF SELF

    I act, therefore, I am. Gilbert Ryle The mind, as totality of human


    dispositions, expresses the entire system
    The self is the way people of thoughts,emotions, and actions that
    behave. make up the human self.

    The self is the brain. Paul Churchland The physical brain, not the imaginary
    mind, gives people the sense of self. The
    mind does not really exist because it
    cannot be experienced by the senses.

    The consciousness, the Maurice Merleau All knowledge about the self is based on
    world, and the human body -Ponty the “phenomena” of experience.
    are intricately intertwined in “I” is a combination of the mental,
    knowing the world. physical, and emotional structures
    around a core identity of the self.
     VIEWS OF
    PHILOSOPHICAL PHILOSOPHER ELABORATION
    SELF

    The self is multilayered Sigmund Freud (is not 3 layers of self: conscious self (reality
    a philosopher) principle), unconcious self (pleasure
    principle), and preconscious self (non-
    threatening material in memories and
    stored knowledge).

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