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    Accessory Respiratory Organ-Fish

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    kaushik mallick
    This document discusses the accessory respiratory organs found in fishes. It describes how fishes possess accessory organs that assist their gills in gas exchange. These include labyrinth organs and air bladders that help absorb or store oxygen from water and air. The text explains how these additional structures enhance fishes' respiratory abilities and allow them to thrive in various aquatic environments.

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    Accessory Respiratory Organ-Fish

    Uploaded by

    kaushik mallick
    116 views63 pages
    This document discusses the accessory respiratory organs found in fishes. It describes how fishes possess accessory organs that assist their gills in gas exchange. These include labyrinth organs and air bladders that help absorb or store oxygen from water and air. The text explains how these additional structures enhance fishes' respiratory abilities and allow them to thrive in various aquatic environments.

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    Accessory Respiratory Organ-fish

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    This document discusses the accessory respiratory organs found in fishes. It describes how fishes possess accessory organs that assist their gills in gas exchange. These include labyrinth organs and air bladders that help absorb or store oxygen from water and air. The text explains how these additional structures enhance fishes' respiratory abilities and allow them to thrive in various aquatic environments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    116 views63 pages

    Accessory Respiratory Organ-Fish

    Uploaded by

    kaushik mallick
    This document discusses the accessory respiratory organs found in fishes. It describes how fishes possess accessory organs that assist their gills in gas exchange. These include labyrinth organs and air bladders that help absorb or store oxygen from water and air. The text explains how these additional structures enhance fishes' respiratory abilities and allow them to thrive in various aquatic environments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 63

    ACCESSORY RESPIRATORY

    ORGANS IN FISHES

    Dr. K. Sujatha
    Assistant Professor
    PG & Research Dept. of Zoology
    Government Arts College
    Coimbatore
    Affinities of Branchiostoma |
    Zoology
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Mollusca:
    Molluscs and Branchiostoma differ widely. Superficial
    resemblances in ciliary feeding and respiratory mechanism
    (no gill slits in molluscs) have no phylogenetic significance.
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Echinodermata:
    Similarities:
    1. Early development cleavage, gastrulation and mesoderm
    formation.
    2. Three separate enterocoelic cavities.
    3. The pores of the calyx of some fossil carpoid echinoderms
    are similar to the gill slits of Branchiostoma.
    4. Presence of creatin phosphate and phosphagens.
    At present, the echinoderms are not considered as an ancestor
    of chordates. The similarity is presumably due to a remote
    common origin of both the groups.
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Hemichordata:
    Similarities:
    1. Pharyngeal apparatus.
    2. Feeding and respiratory mechanism.
    3. Origin and development of enterocoelic coelomic pouches.
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Urochordata:
    Similarities:
    (Tadpole larva and branchiostoma):
    1. Body shape and a fin-bearing tail.
    2. Notochord extends nearly whole body length.
    3. A hollow nerve cord above notochord.
    4. Pharynx with endostyle, pharyngeal and epipharyngeal
    grooves.
    5. Feeding and respiratory mechanism.
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Cyclostomata:
    Similarities:

    (Branchiostoma and ammocoete larva):


    1. Body elongated bearing a continuous dorsal.
    2. Presence of an oral hood.
    3. Velum guards the mouth.
    4. Presence of endostyle.
    Affinities # Adult Branchiostoma and Cyclostomata:
    Similarities:
    1. Presence of myotomes.
    2. Presence of gill slits.
    Dissimilarities:
    1. Absence of vertebral column and paired sense organs in
    Branchiostoma.
    Affinities # Branchiostoma with Vertebrata:
    Similarities:
    1. Presence of pharyngeal gill slits.
    2. Presence of notochord.
    3. Presence of dorsal, hollow, tubular nerve cord.
    4. Presence of phosphocreatin and phosphoarginine, the
    sources of energy supply for muscular activity.
    The old concept that Branchiostoma is a recent derivative of
    ascidians has been abandoned. Alternatively, Acrania may be
    a specialised and degenerate descendant of the Agnatha.
    The evidence as to the real position of acrania is still
    insufficient, but investigations tend to bring them nearer to
    the crariiates. It is probable that the Branchiostoma and its
    allies, fish-like creatures existed in Silurian seas, and the
    vertebrates evolved from animals of that kind.
    AMPHIOXUS
    (BRANCHIOSTOMA)

    Dr. K. Sujatha
    Assistant Professor
    PG & Research Dept. Of Zoology
    Government Arts College
    Coimbatore

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