Power Grids

RTU500 series - Remote Terminal Units

Part 5: SCADA Functions
Function Description Release 13
Revision

Document identity: 1KGT151099 V003 1

Revision: Date: Changes:
1 10/2020 Initial version
2 02/021 Added new module 530CID02 (PI#175252)
Added new module 530PTD01 (PI#172755)
Updated chapter 'Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Trans-
formers' (PI#158695)
03/2021 Updated picture 'Digital measured value presentation' (PI#175692)
3 05/2021 Added new module 530AOD01 (PI#176345)
08/2021 Corrected typo in 'Acquisition mode' (PI#183236)
Contents

Contents

1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 About the RTU500 Series Function Description........................................................... 3
1.2 Preface........................................................................................................................... 3

2 SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction..........................................................................5

2.1 Processing indications................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 Function distribution.......................................................................................6
2.1.2 Functions of binary input boards...................................................................7
2.1.3 PDP functions of the CMU.......................................................................... 10
2.1.4 Error handling.............................................................................................. 13
2.2 Processing analog measured information................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Analog Measured value Input (AMI) types.................................................. 14
2.2.2 Measured Floating Point information (MFI) types....................................... 15
2.2.3 Function distribution.....................................................................................15
2.2.4 Functions of analog input boards................................................................16
2.2.5 FIFO storage of the analog input boards.................................................... 21
2.2.6 PDP functions of the CMU.......................................................................... 21
2.2.7 Error handling.............................................................................................. 25
2.3 Processing digital measured values............................................................................26
2.3.1 Digital measured value presentation........................................................... 26
2.3.2 Functions of binary input boards.................................................................28
2.3.3 FIFO storage of binary input boards........................................................... 30
2.3.4 PDP functions of the CMU.......................................................................... 30
2.3.5 Error handling.............................................................................................. 31
2.4 Processing bitstring inputs...........................................................................................32
2.4.1 Function distribution.....................................................................................32
2.4.2 Functions of binary input boards.................................................................33
2.4.3 FIFO storage of binary input boards........................................................... 34
2.4.4 Error handling.............................................................................................. 35
2.5 Processing integrated totals........................................................................................ 35
2.5.1 Types of integrated total values.................................................................. 35
2.5.2 Function distribution.....................................................................................36
2.5.3 Functions of binary input boards.................................................................36
2.5.4 PDP functions of the CMU.......................................................................... 39
2.5.5 Error handling.............................................................................................. 42
2.6 Binary and analog input boards.................................................................................. 43
2.6.1 Signalization of input board states.............................................................. 43
2.6.2 Handling of event queue overflows............................................................. 43
2.7 Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Transformers..............................................43
2.8 Logic functions............................................................................................................. 50
2.8.1 OR group..................................................................................................... 50
2.8.2 AND group................................................................................................... 50
2.8.3 NOR group...................................................................................................51
2.8.4 DynamicOR group....................................................................................... 51

1KGT151099 V003 1 I
 Contents

2.8.5 Security indication and security alarm functions......................................... 51

2.8.6 Security indication function..........................................................................51
2.8.7 Security Alarm Function.............................................................................. 51
2.8.8 Group signal qualifier.................................................................................. 51
2.8.9 Control Authority.......................................................................................... 52
2.8.10 OR of Alarm State....................................................................................... 52

3 SCADA Functions in Command Direction.........................................................................53

3.1 Function distribution.....................................................................................................53
3.2 Command output and interlocking procedures............................................................54
3.3 Object command output.............................................................................................. 55
3.3.1 Single-object command output (SCO).........................................................56
3.3.2 Double object command output (DCO)....................................................... 56
3.3.3 Termination of command output by response indication............................. 57
3.3.4 Object command output without supervision...............................................58
3.3.5 1-out-of-n checks for object commands...................................................... 61
3.3.6 LOCAL mode on binary output board 23BA22/23BA23.............................. 65
3.3.7 Object command output limitations............................................................. 66
3.4 Regulation step command output................................................................................66
3.4.1 Re-triggering regulation commands............................................................ 67
3.4.2 Regulation command output limitations...................................................... 68
3.5 Setpoint command output............................................................................................68
3.5.1 Analog setpoint command output (ASO/ FSO)........................................... 69
3.5.2 Bipolar, Unipolar and Live Zero conversion................................................ 69
3.5.3 Scaling......................................................................................................... 70
3.5.4 Analog setpoint command output without strobe........................................ 71
3.5.5 Analog setpoint command output with strobe............................................. 71
3.5.6 Digital setpoint command output (DSO)......................................................72
3.5.7 Digital setpoint value presentation.............................................................. 72
3.5.8 Digital setpoint command without strobe.................................................... 74
3.5.9 Digital setpoint command with strobe......................................................... 74
3.5.10 Setpoint output limitations........................................................................... 75
3.6 Bit-string output............................................................................................................76
3.6.1 Functionality................................................................................................. 76
3.6.2 Error handling.............................................................................................. 76
3.6.3 Bit-string output limitations.......................................................................... 77
3.7 Binary output, analog output and command supervision boards................................ 77
3.7.1 Signalization of output board state..............................................................77
3.7.2 Handling of event queue overflows............................................................. 78

4 Glossary.................................................................................................................................79

II 1KGT151099 V003 1
Introduction About the RTU500 Series Function Description

1 Introduction

1.1 About the RTU500 Series Function Description

The Function Description consists of several parts:

Document identity Part name Explanation

1KGT151095 Part 1: Overview Overview of the RTU500 series and
system architecture
1KGT151096 Part 2: Rack mounted solu- Description of the RTU500 series rack
tions solutions
1KGT151097 Part 3: DIN rail solutions Description of the RTU500 series DIN
rail solutions
1KGT151098 Part 4: Hardware modules Overview of the RTU500 series rack
and DIN rail modules
1KGT151099 Part 5: SCADA functions Description of the RTU500 series
SCADA functions
1KGT151100 Part 6: RTU500 functions Description of the RTU500 series func-
tions
1KGT151101 Part 7: Archive functions Description of the RTU500 series
Archive functions
1KGT151102 Part 8: Integrated HMI Description of the RTU500 series Inte-
grated HMI interface
1KGT151103 Part 9: Interfaces and Net- Description of the RTU500 series Inter-
works face and Network functions
Table 1: Parts of the Function Description

1.2 Preface
This document describes the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) functions of
RTU500 in monitoring and command direction.

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Preface Introduction

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing indications

2 SCADA Functions in Monitoring

Direction
This document describes the SCADA monitoring functions available for the following I/O modules:

Binary input modules:

• 560BIR01
• 23BE40
• 23BE50
• 520BID01
• 530BID01

Analog input modules:

• 560AIR01
• 560AIR02
• 520AID01
• 520PTD01 (PT100 interface)
• 530AID01
• 530PTD01 (PT100 interface)

Combined binary input output modules:

• 530IOD01 (binary input and binary output)

Base modules with integrated I/Os:

• 540CID01 (binary input, binary output, analog input and command output supervision)
• 530CID01 (binary input and binary output)
• 530CID02 (binary input and binary output)

2.1 Processing indications

SCADA functions in monitoring direction can be executed on two types of indications:

• Single point input (SPI)

• Double point input (DPI)

The normal state of a DPI is a non-equivalent bit combination (10 or 01).

Double indications are represented by two sequential bits on the same binary input module. An
intermediate state (00) is assigned during runtime of a unit while the unit changes from one position
to the other (e.g., an isolator changes from OFF to ON).

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Processing indications SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

Signal state Double point indication (DPI) Signal state Single point indication (SPI)

OFF 10 1
0

ON 10

10 00 01 11 0 1 0
OFF ON OFF ON OFF

Faulty position OFF

ON
Normal position Intermediate position

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit position with board

DPI 8 DPI 7 DPI 6 DPI 5 DPI 4 DPI 3 DPI 2 DPI 1 DPI number within board

Figure 1: Definition of indication types

The definition of the ON and OFF bit positions can be changed for the entire configuration. If a bit
position is changed, this definition is also valid for DCO and RCO commands.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Change ON and OFF connection point disabled RTU - Parameters

Value range: enabled / disabled

Within an indication module, any type of binary input can be mixed.

However, take into account that a DPI or SPI may be configured to process indications such as
pulse counters, digital measured values on bit string inputs. Digital measured values and bit string
inputs must be configured to start either at bit position 1 or at bit position 9.

2.1.1 Function distribution

The process data acquisition functions for indications processed by RTU500 can be grouped into
functions handled by the following elements:
• I/O controller (IOC) of the binary input modules
• Process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU
• Protocol-specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface are described in the documentation
of the relevant communication protocol.

The following functions are available for binary input boards:

• Read input register (every millisecond)
• Digital filter (contact bouncing)
• Oscillation suppression (signal chattering)
• Time out monitoring for DPI intermediate position
• Store events in FIFO queue with time stamp

The following functions are available for the PDPs of CMUs:

• Intermediate position handling for DPI
• Indeterminate position handling for DPI
• Signal inversion

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing indications

• Command output response

• Aggregating signal messages
• Transmission to internal communication

2.1.2 Functions of binary input boards

The IOCs of the binary input boards support the indication functions. The configuration parameters
for each function are loaded from the PDP part of the CMU during start-up or in the event of a board
initialization during runtime. Some parameters apply to all inputs; others can be set for each input
individually.

Binary input boards periodically take a reading from all inputs every millisecond, regardless of
the specified data point type. The IOCs handle the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that
millisecond. The high reading frequency at millisecond intervals allows for the high resolution of
events for indications. Each module takes its readings for a block of 16 bits independently from
other modules.

2.1.2.1 Blocked

Use the Blocked configuration parameter to specify blocking for a data point. Any data point
configured with the Blocked configuration parameter will be blocked from transmission, and the
PDP will stop reporting any changes related to this data point to the NCC.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SPI: Blocked disabled SPI, DPI, AMI, MFI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI – PDP
DPI: Blocked parameters
If a process data point is 'blocked',
changes are not transmitted to the hosts

2.1.2.2 Digital filter

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to specify the number of milliseconds during which an
input has to be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state.

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to prevent ordinary contact bouncing.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SPI: Digital filter 10 ms SPI, DPI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI - PDP parameters
DPI: Digital filter
The 'digital filter' time specifies the time, an input
must be stable, before the change is accepted.
Value range: 2 to 255 ms or '-' to disable

If an input channel has changed its state and should be transmitted as an event to the PDP, the
time of the last edge before the filter time elapsed is used as the time stamp of the event.

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Processing indications SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

1
Input channel

255
Digital filter time
counter Digital filter time
(e.g. 7ms)

0
time
(a)
1ms
Event into FIFO
with time stamp of (a)

Figure 2: Digital filter (contact bouncing)

2.1.2.3 Oscillation Suppression

Indications, which change their state very often, produce a higher transmission load to NCC.

To prevent permanent transmission. A threshold value for the number of events per time period can
be set. If this value is exceeded, the system automatically blocks the corresponding indication.

Use the Maximum chatter frequency configuration parameter to activate or deactivate oscillation
suppression for each indication individually.

Maximum chatter frequency is defined as follows:

The monitoring period is calculated according to the following formula:

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing indications

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SPI: Maximum chatter frequency disabled SPI, DPI – PDP parameters

DPI: Maximum chatter frequency
Oscillation suppression prevents permanent transmissions. A
threshold value for the number of events per time period can be
set. If this value is exceeded, the system automatically blocks the
corresponding indication for 60 sec. The blocked value is indicated
with status IV (invalid).
Value range: 1 to 100 Hz or '-' to disable
(typical 2 Hz)

RTU500 Series function description part 5: Oscillation suppression for indications

Tosc is the monitoring period. The maximum value is 100 Hz. A typical value is 2 Hz.

The following steps describe a typical monitoring cycle with oscillation suppression:

The monitoring period tosc for an indication starts with each leading edge of 0->1.
During the monitoring period, the chatter counter register of that indication increments with each
leading edge.
At the third change within the monitoring period, the binary input board puts the indication into
the dynamically blocked state.
The binary input board informs PDP by means of an internal event message.
The binary input board starts a reset time period (fix to 60 s).
If the binary input board detects a new start trigger (leading edge of 0->1) during that reset time
period, it restarts the monitoring period tosc.
If the state of the indication does not change over the entire reset time period, the binary input
board informs PDP by means of an internal event message.

Input channel

1
0

Indication
60 s
Reset time
Chatter counter 3
register 2
1
0
tosc tosc tosc

Event into FIFO Event into FIFO

with status: with status:
Input = Invalid Input = Valid
Figure 3: Oscillation suppression

Use the parameter below to set the object state of a blocked indication as invalid (IV) or blocked
(BL):

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Oscillation suppression qualifier Mark as invalid (IV) RTU - parameters

In case of oscillation suppression the object state is set as selected.
Value range: Mark as invalid (IV), Mark as blocked (BL)

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Processing indications SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

2.1.2.4 Intermediate position handling for DPI

The binary input board handles the two bits of the double point input as follows:

• It transmits any changes to the states of signals received by the DPI to PDP.
• It transmits any intermediate positions (00) to PDP by means of a special status bit.

The binary input board monitors the time window for intermediate position.

The timeout value is loaded as a configuration parameter from PDP. If the DPI does not indicate
a new end position before the timeout has expired, the binary input board generates an event
message with the following elements:

• the current state of the DPI

• the status of the DPI's intermediate position timeout

2.1.2.5 FIFO storage

To de-couple event bursts from I/O bus transmission etc., the binary input boards store event
messages in a FIFO (first in, first out) buffer. The FIFO buffer can store up to 50 event messages.

If the FIFO is full, the binary input board stops the processing of messages. As soon as the FIFO
buffer is able to store new messages, the binary input board resumes its activities. Any pending
messages are set to Invalid, and a sequence of steps is started to trigger the transmission the
current values.

Each event message has a time stamp with a resolution of one millisecond within a minute. PDP
expands the time stamp value contained in an event message to absolute time.

2.1.3 PDP functions of the CMU

The binary input board's FIFO buffer outputs all event messages to PDP. PDP then takes care of
any functions specified for the messages it processes.

2.1.3.1 Command output response

For a detailed description of the functionality of a response indication to stop a related command
output pulse, refer to the section "Termination of command output by response indication" of this
document.

2.1.3.2 Intermediate position suppression for DPI

This function is valid only for double indications (DPI). Fig. 4 shows the handling of intermediate
position suppression for DPI within RTU500.

Use the supervision time for intermediate position configuration parameter to specify whether a
DPI message should be transmitted as an event. When the indication changes to an intermediate
position (00), PDP keeps the first signal change internal. If an abnormal situation occurs, PDP also
sends the message of the leading edge to the NCC to allow a more detailed analysis of the unit's
error situation.

Use the Supervision time for intermediate position configuration parameter to specify the time
period during which RTU500 should inhibit the transmission of the intermediate position (00). If the
new state is not indicated to the RTU during that time period, the RTU generates a DPI telegram

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing indications

with the actual position (normally then 00). The qualifier IV (invalid) remains 0, because this is a
valid process information.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DPI: Supervision time for midpoint position 30 sec DPI – PDP parameters
If enabled:
The momentary midposition (00) is suppressed
for the supervision time.
Value range: 1 to 255 sec or '-' to disable.

Supervision time for intermediate position = active

Supervision
ON 1 time
0 Normal signal state change
OFF 1 ON -> OFF
0
DPI
ON 1
0 Abnormal signal state change
OFF 1 ON -> intermediate -> ON
0
DPI

ON 1 DPI
0 Abnormal signal state change
OFF 1 timeout
0

DPI
Figure 4: Intermediate position suppression for double point inputs (DPI)

Supervision time for intermediate position = inactive

ON 1
0 Normal signal state change
OFF 1 ON -> OFF
0

DPI DPI
ON 1
0 Abnormal signal state change
OFF 1 ON -> intermediate -> ON
0
DPI DPI

ON 1
0
OFF 1 Abnormal signal state change
0 timeout
DPI
Figure 5: Intermediate position suppression for double point inputs (DPI)

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Processing indications SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

2.1.3.3 Indeterminate position suppression for DPI

This function is available only for double indications (DPI).

Use the Supervision time for indeterminate position configuration parameter to specify whether
a DPI message should be transmitted for the event if the indication changes to the indeterminate
position (11). If supervision is enabled, PDP suppresses the signal change to the indeterminate
position.

Use the Supervision time for indeterminate position configuration parameter to specify the time
period during which RTU500 should inhibit the transmission of the indeterminate position. When the
supervision time is over and the DPI is still in the indeterminate position, RTU500 generates a DPI
telegram with the indeterminate position value and the qualifier IV (invalid) set to false.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DPI: Supervision time for indeterminate position 3 sec DPI – PDP parameters
If enabled:
The momentary indeterminate position (11)
is suppressed for the defined time.
Value range: 1 to 255 sec or '-' to disable.

2.1.3.4 Signal inversion

After having a stable indication signal, it is possible to define its logical state, corresponding to the
signal voltage level. This function is called a signal inversion.

Use the the Invert the input value configuration parameter to specify signal inversion.

INVERSION = NO INVERSION = YES

logical 0 = OFF 0V Process Voltage
logical 1 = ON Process Voltage 0V
Table 2: Definition of signal inversion

All other functions are then based on the signal state given by the Invert the input value
configuration parameter.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SPI: Invert the input value disabled SPI, DPI, DMI, STI – PDP parameters
DPI: Invert the input value
If enabled:
The positive process voltage
will be interpreted as 'Logical Zero'

The definition of the bit position for ON (HIGHER) and OFF (LOWER) can be changed for the entire
configuration. If a bit position is changed, this definition is valid for DPI, DCO and RCO commands.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Change ON and OFF connection point of DPI, disabled RTU - parameter

DCO and RCO
Valid for local DPI, DCO and RCO only.
If enabled:
Connection points (CP) for ON and OFF
are changed according to standard:
ON: odd CP = 1, 3, 5, ...
OFF: even CP = 2, 4, 6, ...

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing indications

2.1.4 Error handling

2.1.4.1 Failure of binary input boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board was removed, or rack power is lost.

If a board is set to an "out of service" state, the qualifiers of all configured indications are set to
Invalid due to board failure. The RTU500 treats all DPI and SPI messages of that board with
qualifiers IV = 1.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board was replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

When this happens, the following sequence will recover the indications:

1 Normalize the binary input boards.

2 Load all parameters for the configured indications (done by PDP).
3 Read all values (signal states).
4 Reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

2.1.4.2 Dynamic qualifier changes

The qualifier status of an indication can change at runtime if one of the following conditions applies:

• The binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1).

• Oscillation suppression is activated and triggered for that indication.

2.1.4.3 Information Object Qualifier

The following parameter can be used to define the object qualifier of messages of disconnected
subordinated devices:

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Information object qualifier (usage for Mark as invalid (IV) RTU - Parameter
disconnected subordinated devices)
Value range: Mark as invalid (IV) / Mark as not topical (NT)

ADVICE
Data points which have not been updated since the RTU started will still be marked as invalid
(IV), regardless of the setting of the Information object qualifier parameter.

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Processing analog measured information SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

2.2 Processing analog measured information

2.2.1 Analog Measured value Input (AMI) types

Each analog measured value is converted by the analog digital converter (ADC) of the analog
input module into a signed integer presentation. The figure below shows analog value presentation
according to IEC 870-5-101. The first figure shows the 100% value of the input signal as a 12-bit +
sign, while the second figure shows the 16-bit representation.

PDP converts the value to a normalized presentation.

[digits]

+4095

3000

e.g. -20 … +20 mA

2000

1000

-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 [e.g. mA]

-100 25 50 75 100 [%]
Input signal

-2000

-3000

-4096
Figure 6: Analog measured value presentation A/D converter 12 bit e.g. 530AIR01

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing analog measured information

[digits]

+65535

e.g. -20 … +20 mA

+32767

-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 [e.g. mA]

-100 25 50 75 100 [%]
Input signal

-32768

-65536
Figure 7: Analog measured value presentation A/D converter 16 bit e.g. 530AID01

2.2.2 Measured Floating Point information (MFI) types

The processing of MFI values is the same as with AMI values except that the value representation
is a scaled format. The maximum and minimum value of a MFI is configurable.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

MFI: Scaling minimum value -100.0 MFI, FSO – PDP parameters

Minimum value used for scaling.
This value corresponds to -100% of the internal representation.
Value range: -3.4e38 ... 3.4e38
MFI: Scaling maximum value +100.0 MFI, FSO – PDP parameters
Maximum value used for scaling.
This value corresponds to +100% of the internal representation.
Value range: -3.4e38 ... 3.4e38

2.2.3 Function distribution

The process data acquisition functions for analog measured information processed by RTU500 can
be grouped into functions handled by the following elements:

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Processing analog measured information SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

• IOC of the analog input board

• Process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU
• Protocol-specific communication interface at a CMU

For a description of the data processing functions of the communication interface, refer to the
documentation of the corresponding communication protocol.

The following functions are available for analog input boards:

• Scan analog input cyclically

• Zero value supervision and switching detection
• Smoothing
• Threshold supervision on integrator algorithm
• Periodic update of RTU database
• Store events into FIFO with time stamp

The following functions are available for the PDPs of CMUs:

• Unipolar and Live Zero conversion

• Scaling
• Threshold supervision on absolute threshold value
• Transmission to internal communication

2.2.4 Functions of analog input boards

The IOC of the boards supports the analog measured information functions. The configuration
parameters for each function and each AMI / MFI are loaded from PDP during start-up or in the
event of a board initialization during runtime.

2.2.4.1 Blocked

Use the Blocked configuration parameter to specify blocking for a data point. Any data point
configured with the Blocked configuration parameter will be blocked from transmission, and the
PDP will stop reporting any changes related to this data point to the NCC.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

AMI: Blocked disabled SPI, DPI, AMI, MFI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI – PDP
MFI: Blocked parameters
If a process data point is 'blocked',
changes are not transmitted to the hosts

2.2.4.2 Scan Cycle and Line Frequency Interference Suppression

The I/O controller of the analog input module scans each channel cyclically.

Beside the information about the configured measuring range the information about the line
frequency is required for the A/D-conversion. The scan cycle time is determined by the AC line
frequency:

Scan cycle time (same Line frequency Line frequency Line frequency
for all channels) 50 Hz 60 Hz 16.7 Hz
580 ms 500 ms 1620 ms
560AIR01, 560AIR02 486 ms 486 ms 1395 ms

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing analog measured information

Scan cycle time (same Line frequency Line frequency Line frequency
for all channels) 50 Hz 60 Hz 16.7 Hz
540CID01 480 ms or 400 ms or 1440 ms or
100 ms for max. 2 100 ms for max 2 chan- 200 ms for max. 2
channels nels channels
520AID01 480 ms 400 ms 1600 ms
530AID01 630 ms 630 ms 1530 ms

The scan frequency is independent from the number of configured channels. The synchronization
of the scan cycle with the line frequency is used to increase the line frequency interference
suppression of the DC input signal.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Line frequency 50 Hz AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

value range: 50 Hz, 60 Hz, 16.7 Hz
Depending in the line frequency the scan cycle of the analog input is determined.
Parameter has to be the same for all channels of the analog input module.

2.2.4.3 Zero value supervision and switching detection

A low input signal can be forced to 0 %. This allows rejecting noise on the input signal produced by
the transducer etc.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Zero range ±0.25 % AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

value range: ±0.1... ±5 %
Zero value supervision forces low input signals in the configured range to 0%

The switching detection is a special function of the analog input boards. It is used to force a value
update to PDP if a signal changes only some few percent from/to zero. The function is only active
when threshold supervision with integration is selected. The threshold supervision on integrator
algorithm would need some cycles before the threshold is exceeded and reported to NCC. This
creates a transient situation, e.g. the 380 kV transmission line is switched but the actual current
does not change more or less immediately.

Switching detection operates in that form that every time a signal changes to/from 0 % from/to more
than ± 2.5 % the new value is transmitted to PDP immediately. If the new value is below ± 2.5 % an
event is not forced. PDP transmits the received value to NCC, regardless of other parameters.

Switching detection is a fixed parameter that cannot be parameterized.

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Processing analog measured information SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

Event transmission due to switching detection

Input signal
[%]

+ 2.5

+ 0.25

Zero value
0
zone
Time
- 0.25

Scan cycle

- 2.5

Figure 8: Zero value supervision and switching detection

2.2.4.4 Smoothing

Unstable input signals can be smoothed to prevent too many value transmissions.

Use the Smoothing configuration parameter to specify or deactivate smoothing for each input. Use
binary factors to specify the smoothing factor.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Smoothing factor disabled AMI, MFI - PDP parameters

value range: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 or disabled
Unstable input signals can be smoothed to prevent too many value transmissions

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Processing analog measured information

Input Signal MW

[%]

80
70
60
50
40 MWngl for e.g. k=2
30
20

10

Time
Scan cycle
Figure 9: Smoothing of analog values

The IOC calculates the new value according to the following formula:

MWngl = new calculated analog measured value

MW = raw analog measured value (result of A/D conversion)

MWagl = last calculated value

k = smoothing factor (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, .. 128)

2.2.4.5 Threshold supervision on integrator algorithm

There are two different methods of threshold supervision within RTU500:

• Threshold supervision with integration

• Threshold supervision with absolute threshold value

The choice of method depends on the parameter configuration.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Acquisition mode Integrated threshold AMI, MFI - PDP parameters

supervision

Acquisition mode:
• Integrated threshold supervision
• Absolute threshold supervision
• Periodic update
• Integrated threshold + periodic update

The 'Threshold supervision with integration' method uses the analog input boards for threshold
supervision. The IOC calculates at each cycle the difference between the last reported analog value
and the actual value. The difference is added to the accumulated value in the threshold difference

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register. If the accumulated deltas exceed the parameterized threshold value, the actual value is
stored into the FIFO and reported to PDP. The actual value will become the last reported value. The
threshold difference register is set to zero. The accumulation is done in consideration of the sign of
the difference.

Input signal
[%]
New value
60 New value New value transmission
transmission transmission

40

20

Deltas (differences) to last reported value

0

Time
Scan cycle

Threshold difference-
register Exceed threshold Exceed threshold Exceed threshold

[% of Input signal]
+ 10
+ threshold

- threshold Time
- 10
Example: Threshold = 10% of input signal
Figure 10: Threshold supervision with integration

The threshold difference register is cleared if one of the following conditions applies:

• The value exceeded the threshold value.

• The switching detection supervision was triggered.
• The value passed a monitored limit.

Use the Threshold configuration parameter to specify the threshold value. To be independent of the
scan cycle the threshold is calculated on threshold integration per second.

The threshold is rescaled according to the Line frequency configuration parameter:

• 50 Hz: threshold base 1 s = Threshold / 0.58 = 12 %

• 60 Hz: threshold base 1 s = Threshold / 0.5 = 10 %
• 16.6 Hz: threshold base 1 s = Threshold / 1.62 = 25 %

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Threshold 12 % AMI, MFI - PDP parameters

value range:
1 ... 12% (50Hz)

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Parameter name Default Parameter location

1 ... 10% (60Hz)

1 ... 25% (16.7Hz)

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Line frequency 50 Hz AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

value range: 50 Hz, 60 Hz, 16.7 Hz
Depending in the line frequency the scan cycle of the analog input is determined.
Parameter has to be the same for all channels of the analog input module.

2.2.4.6 Periodic update of RTU database

If a periodic update of the RTU500 database is required, the analog input boards can be
parameterized to periodically transmit the AMI.

Use the Periodic Update configuration parameter to specify the frequency of the database update.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Scan cycle 8 sec AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

value range: 1, 2, 4, 8, 30, 60 sec, only 560MIO10: 100 or 200 msec
AMI: Scan cycle unit sec AMI, MFI – PDP parameters
MFI: Scan cycle unit
Value range seconds [sec] or only with 560MIO10: milliseconds [ms]
AMI: Fast input scanning disabled AMI, MFI – PDP parameters
MFI: Fast input scanning
For 540CID01/560MIO10 only:
The analog input value is read in steps of 100 or 200
ms.
Max. 2 analog objects are allowed.
Disabled by default.

The periodic update is independent of threshold supervision with integration. Therefore, a value
may be transmitted to PDP twice within a cycle:

• once because of a threshold being exceeded

• once because of a periodic update

2.2.5 FIFO storage of the analog input boards

To de-couple event bursts from I/O bus transmission etc., events are stored to the FIFOs of the
analog input boards. Up to 50 events can be stored within a FIFO. If a FIFO is full when the IOC
needs to store new events, the IOC suspends its activities until FIFO storage is available again.
Each event has a time stamp with a resolution of 1 ms/min. The absolute time is expanded by PDP.

For each measured value written to the FIFO, the IOC reads the actual time. The actual time quality
is equivalent to the scan cycle of the analog input board.

2.2.6 PDP functions of the CMU

2.2.6.1 Bipolar, Unipolar, and Live Zero conversion

The input signal type allows specifying unipolar input signals. That means negative values are
not allowed. If the value of an input signal defined as unipolar becomes negative (> Zero Value
Supervision), RTU500 assigns the 'qualifier invalid' flag (qualifier IV = 1).

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Input signals with Live Zero presentation (standard = 4..20 mA) are transformed to the standard
presentation of –100 % or 0 %, respectively, up to 100 % by PDP.

Conversion is performed as follows:

• 20 % of the input signal range (default: 4 mA) transform into –100 % or 0 % respectively, of the
normalized AMI / MFI value
• 100 % of the input signal range (default: 20 mA) transform into 100 % of the normalized AMI /
MFI value

Input signals below 20 % (4 mA) are set to –100 % respectively 0 %. For values <3.5 mA, the AMI /
MFI is indicated to be faulty (qualifier IV=1)

Use the Input signal type configuration parameter to specify the input type (Bipolar, Unipolar or Live
Zero).

Use the Input signal range configuration parameter to specify the hardware setting of the analog
input boards.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Input signal range 20 mA AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

select the required input range according to the analog input module variant
Input signal type Bipolar AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

input signal types:

• bipolar (e. g. ±20 mA)
• unipolar (e. g. 0... 20 mA)
• live zero (e. g. 4... 20 mA)
• 4... 40 mA
Adjust zero value for live zero signal disabled AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

only valid for live zero values

• deactivated: 4... 20 mA -> 0... 100%
• activated: 4... 20 mA -> -100... 100%

Unipolar Bipolar

1 1

-100% 100% -100% 100%

-1 -1

Figure 11: Example: Unipolar / Bipolar measurement

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Live zero 4 … 40 mA

1 1

20 40 60 8 16 24 32 40
-100 80 100
[% Imax] [mA]
1 … 5 mA
2 … 10 mA
4 … 20 mA
8 … 40 mA
-1 -1

Figure 12: Example: Live Zero measurements

Adjust Live Zero

4 12 20

[mA]

-1

Figure 13: Example: "Adjust Live Zero"

2.2.6.2 Scaling

PDP converts the value to a normalized AMI or scaled MFI format.

Use the Conversion factor configuration parameter to specify the percentage of the maximum input
signal that is defined as 100 % of the normalized AMI value or scale maximum MFI value.

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Parameter name Default Parameter location

Conversion factor 100 % AMI, MFI, ASO, FSO – PDP parameters

value range: 1 ... 100 %

Conversion factor

-100 20 40 60 80 100
[%]

-1

Figure 14: Example: "Conversion factor"

2.2.6.3 Threshold supervision with absolute threshold value

There are two methods of threshold supervision within RTU500:

• Threshold supervision with integration

• Threshold supervision with absolute threshold value

The choice of method depends on the parameter configuration. Only one method can be used at a
time.

Threshold supervision with an absolute threshold value is carried out in PDP.

In this mode, PDP checks each AMI received from the analog input boards against the last reported
value. If the new value exceeds the last reported value plus threshold the received AMI will become
the last reported value and is transmitted to NCC.

Threshold configuration parameter specifies the threshold value. The threshold is checked
periodically as specified in Periodic update configuration parameter.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Threshold 12 % AMI, MFI - PDP parameters

value range:
1 ... 12% (50Hz)
1 ... 10% (60Hz)
1 ... 25% (16.7Hz)

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Periodic update 8 sec AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

value range: 1, 2, 4, 8, 30, 60 seconds, only 560MIO10: 100 or 200 msec
Period update unit sec AMI, MFI – PDP parameters

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Parameter name Default Parameter location

Value range seconds [sec] or only with 560MIO10: milliseconds [ms]

AMI: Fast input scanning disabled AMI, MFI – PDP parameters
MFI: Fast input scanning
For 540CID01/560MIO10 only:
The analog input value is read in steps of 100 or 200
ms.
Max. 2 analog objects are allowed.
Disabled by default.

Input
[%]
New value
100
New value
New value
80
New value

60 Threshold value
New value

40
New value transmission to CCI

20

Time
Periodic
Update cycle
(uc)
Figure 15: Threshold supervision with absolute value

See also chapter Chapter 2.2.4.5, "Threshold supervision on integrator algorithm".

2.2.7 Error handling

2.2.7.1 AMV overflow and/or A/D converter errors

During start-up, and during each conversion, the analog input board checks the functionality of its A/
D converter. If an error is detected, the AMIs are marked as invalid. PDP sets qualifier IV to 1 and
transmits it to NCC along with the new state.

For AMIs with Live Zero conversion, a value below 3.5 mA is marked as invalid.

2.2.7.2 Failure of analog input boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board was removed on-line, or sub-rack power is lost.

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If a board is set to an "out of service" state, all configured AMIs are set to Invalid. The RTU500
transmits all AMI messages of that board to the NCC with the qualifier IV = 1.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board was replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

When this happens, the following sequence will recover the AMIs:

• Normalize the binary input boards.

• Load all parameters for the configured indications (done by PDP).
• Read all values (signal states).
• Reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

2.2.7.3 Dynamic qualifier changes

The qualifier status of an AMI can change at runtime if one of the following conditions applies:

• The analog input board fails (qualifier IV = 1).

• Live zero supervision detects a current below 3.5 mA (qualifier IV = 1).
• The unipolar value is below –Zero Range (qualifier IV=1).
• The value has an overflow of the ADC signal input (qualifier OV = 1).
• The scaling by means of conversion factor delivers a result >100 % (qualifier OV = 1).

2.3 Processing digital measured values

There are two types of digital measured values:

• Digital measured value input (DMI)

• Step position input value (STI)

RTU500 series is able to read and convert the following bit patterns into a digital measured value:

• 8-bit digital measured value (DMI8)

• 16-bit digital measured value (DMI16)
• 8-bit step position value (STI)

The RTU supports conversion of the following data types:

• Binary data (BIN)

• Binary coded decimals (BCD)
• Gray code (GRAY)

The maximum length of a digital measured value is the word value of 16 bit (= one binary input
module). Double word values (32-bit) are not supported.

2.3.1 Digital measured value presentation

Each value type is converted and scaled by PDP.

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16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Input channel

Scaling and/or conversion DMI8/16

16 - bit binary data unsigned

S 15 - bit binary data with sign

8 - bit binary data unsigned

S 7 - bit binary data with sign

0...9 0...9 0...9 0...9 4 - decade BCD unsigned

S 0...7 0...9 0...9 0...9 4 - decade BCD with sign

0...9 0...9 2 - decade BCD unsigned

S 0...7 0...9 2 - decade BCD with sign

16 - bit gray code unsigned

S 15 - bit gray code with signed

8 - bit gray code unsigned

S 7 - bit gray code with signed

STI

S 0 Binary-coded [-63 … +63]

S 0...6 0...9 BCD-coded [-63 … +63]

S 0 1 2 4 8 16 32 Special BCD-coded [-63 … +63]

S 0 Gray-coded [-63 … +63]

S = Sign

Figure 16: Digital measured value presentation

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2.3.2 Functions of binary input boards

The IOCs of binary input boards support the digital measured value (DMI) functions. The
configuration parameters for each function and each DMI are loaded from PDP during start-up or in
the event of a board initialization during runtime.

Binary input boards periodically take a reading from all 16 inputs every millisecond, regardless of
the specified data point type. The IOCs handle the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that
millisecond.

2.3.2.1 Blocked

Use the Blocked configuration parameter to specify blocking for a data point. Any data point
configured with the Blocked configuration parameter will be blocked from transmission, and the
PDP will stop reporting any changes related to this data point to the NCC.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Blocked disabled SPI, DPI, AMI, MFI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI – PDP
STI: Blocked parameters
If a process data point is 'blocked',
changes are not transmitted to the hosts

2.3.2.2 Digital filter

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to specify the number of milliseconds during which an
input has to be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state.

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to prevent ordinary contact bouncing.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Digital filter 10 ms SPI, DPI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI - PDP parameters
The 'digital filter' time specifies the time, an input
must be stable, before the change is accepted.
Value range: 0 to 255 ms or '-' to disable
STI: Digital filter 10 ms SPI, DPI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI - PDP parameters
The 'digital filter' time specifies the time, an input
must be stable, before the change is accepted.
Value range: 2 to 255 ms or '-' to disable

If an input channel has changed its state and should be transmitted as an event to the PDP, the
time of the last edge before the filter time elapsed is used as the time stamp of the event.

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1
Input channel

255
Digital filter time
counter Digital filter time
(e.g. 7ms)

0
time
(a)
1ms
Event into FIFO
with time stamp of (a)

Figure 17: Digital filter (contact bouncing)

2.3.2.3 Consistency check

A DMI is a bit pattern with a length of 8 bit or 16 bit. The value is only valid if all binary channels
of the DMI are valid and stable for at least the consistency check time. This is given if no input
changed for the parameterized consistency check time. Any change on an input channel re-triggers
the settling time.

Use the Consistency check time configuration parameter to specify the minimum settling time.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Consistency check time 1 sec DMI, STI, BSI – PDP parameters
STI: Consistency check time
An input value is valid, if there are no
changes during the 'Consistency check time'.
Value range:
0.1 to 25.5 seconds
0 or '-' means disabled.

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2.3.3 FIFO storage of binary input boards

If a DMI has changed and has been stable for at least the consistency time, it is stored into the
FIFO and transmitted to PDP.

2.3.4 PDP functions of the CMU

PDP receives all events out of the binary input boards FIFO. PDP handles all other functions
specified for that DMI.

2.3.4.1 Scaling and format conversion

Use the DMI/STI Value presentation and Input signal type configuration parameters to specify which
DMI type is connected to the binary input board.

STI values are always handled as 7-bit signed integer within a range of -63 to +63. For DMI inputs,
use the Maximum value configuration parameter to specify the binary value that is converted to 100
% of the scaled DMV value. The binary value of the STI is limited to a range of -63 to +63.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Value presentation BIN DMI, STI, DSO – PDP parameters

STI: Value presentation
The following 'value presentations' are supported:
BIN -> Binary data
BCD -> Binary coded decimal
GRAY -> Gray coded
SBCD -> BCD with sign

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Input signal type Unipolar DMI, DSO – PDP parameters

DMI8: Unipolar: Value range between 0 and 255
Bipolar: Value range between -128 and 127
DMI16: Unipolar: Value range between 0 and 65635,
Bipolar: Value range between -32768 and 32767

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Maximum value (100%) 65535 (DMI16) DMI, DSO – PDP parameters
255 (DMI8)
DMI8: Specifies the binary value that is converted to 100 %.
Value range:
0 to 255 (BIN/GRAY, unipolar)
0 to 99 (BCD, unipolar)
-128 to 127 (BIN/GRAY, bipolar)
-79 to 79 (BCD, bipolar).
DMI16: Specifies the binary value that is converted to 100 %.
Value range:
0 to 65535 (BIN/GRAY, unipolar)
0 to 9999 (BCD, unipolar)
-32767 to 32767 (BIN/GRAY, bipolar)
-7999 to 7999 (BCD, bipolar).

2.3.4.2 Signal inversion

Inversion is possible for DMI and STI inputs.

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Use the Invert input signal and Invert sign of input value configuration parameters to specify a bit
inversion of the digital input value. Inversion of the sign bit can be configured independent of the
inversion of the value bits.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SPI: Invert the input value disabled SPI, DPI, DMI, STI – PDP parameters
DPI: Invert the input value
If enabled:
The positive process voltage
will be interpreted as 'Logical Zero'

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DMI: Invert the sign of the input value disabled DMI, STI – PDP parameters
STI: Invert the sign of the input value
If enabled:
The process voltage on the sign-bit
is interpreted as a positive value

DMI 8 S 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Process Input PV 0V 0V 0V 0V 0V 0V PV

Invert input Invert

value sign

= NO = NO 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

= YES = NO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

= NO = YES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

= YES = YES 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

0V = 0V; PV = Process voltage; S = Sign bit

Figure 18: Example: Inversion of DMI8

2.3.5 Error handling

2.3.5.1 Failure of binary input boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board has been removed, or sub-rack power is lost.

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If a board is set to an "out of service" state, the configured digital measured values are set to
Invalid. All DMI / STI are set faulty. The RTU500 transmits the DMI / STI values of that board to the
NCC with the corresponding message and the qualifier IV = 1.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board was replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

When this happens, the following sequence will recover the DMIs:

1 Normalize the binary input boards.

2 Load all parameters for the configured indications (done by PDP).
3 Read all values.
4 Reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

2.3.5.2 Dynamic qualifier changes

A DMV can change its qualifier status at runtime if one of the following conditions applies:

• The binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1).

• The maximum value specified for a DMI input is exceeded (qualifier 0V = 1).
• Any digit of a BCD-coded DMI input has an invalid code > 9 (qualifier IV = 1).

2.4 Processing bitstring inputs

RTU500 series is able to read and convert the following bit patterns into a bitstring inputs (BSI):

• 8-bit bitstring (BSI8)

• 16-bit bitstring (BSI16)
• 32-bit bitstring (BSI32)

The maximum length of a bitstring is a word value of 16 bit (= one binary input module). Double
word values are not supported.

A 32-bit bitstring input is only supported by selected subdevice communication interfaces.

If an 8-bit pattern is selected the remaining 8 bit of the binary input module can be used for another
digital value, for integrated totals or indications.

2.4.1 Function distribution

The data acquisition functions for digital measured values processed by RTU500 can be grouped
into functions handled by the following elements:

• IOC of the binary input board

• Process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU
• Protocol specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of
the specific communication protocol.

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The following functions are available for binary input boards:

• Reading input register (every millisecond)

• Digital filter (contact bouncing)
• Consistency check
• Store events in FIFO with time stamp

The following functions are available for the PDPs of CMUs:

• Transmission to internal communication

2.4.2 Functions of binary input boards

The IOCs of binary input boards support the bit-string input (BSI) functions. The configuration
parameters for each function and each BSI are loaded from PDP during start-up or in the event of a
board initialization during runtime.

Binary input boards periodically take a reading all 16 inputs every millisecond, regardless of
the specified data point type. The IOCs handle the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that
millisecond.

2.4.2.1 Blocked

Use the Blocked configuration parameter to specify blocking for a data point. Any data point
configured with the Blocked configuration parameter will be blocked from transmission, and the
PDP will stop reporting any changes related to this data point to the NCC.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

BSI: Blocked disabled SPI, DPI, AMI, MFI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI – PDP
parameters
If a process data point is 'blocked',
changes are not transmitted to the hosts

2.4.2.2 Digital filter

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to specify the number of milliseconds during which an
input has to be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state.

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to prevent ordinary contact bouncing.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

BSI: Digital filter 10 ms SPI, DPI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI - PDP parameters
The 'digital filter' time specifies the time, an input
must be stable, before the change is accepted.
Value range: 0 to 255 ms or '-' to disable

If an input channel has changed its state and should be transmitted as an event to the PDP, the
time of the last edge before the filter time elapsed is used as the time stamp of the event.

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1
Input channel

255
Digital filter time
counter Digital filter time
(e.g. 7ms)

0
time
(a)
1ms
Event into FIFO
with time stamp of (a)

Figure 19: Digital filter (contact bouncing)

2.4.2.3 Consistency check

A BSI is a bit pattern with a length of 8 bit or 16 bit. The value is only valid if all binary channels
of the BSI are valid and stable for at least the consistency check time. This is given if no input
changed for the parameterized consistency check time. Any change on an input channel re-triggers
the settling time.

Use the Consistency check time configuration parameter to specify the minimum settling time.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

BSI: Consistency check time 1 sec DMI, STI, BSI – PDP parameters
An input value is valid, if there are no
changes during the 'Consistency check time'.
Value range:
0.1 to 25.5 seconds
0 or '-' means disabled.

2.4.3 FIFO storage of binary input boards

If a BSI has changed and has been stable for at least the consistency time, it is stored into the FIFO
and transmitted to PDP.

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2.4.4 Error handling

2.4.4.1 Failure of binary input boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board has been removed, or rack power is lost.

If a board is set to an "out of service" state, the configured digital measured values are to the invalid
state. All BSI are set faulty. The RTU500 transmits the BSI values of that board to the NCC with the
corresponding message and the qualifier IV = 1.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board was replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

When this happens, the following sequence will recover the BSI’s:

1 Normalize the binary input board.

2 Load all parameters for the configured indications (done by PDP).
3 Read all values.
4 Reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

2.4.4.2 Dynamic qualifier changes

The qualifier status of a BSI can change at runtime if the following condition applies:

• The binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1),

2.5 Processing integrated totals

2.5.1 Types of integrated total values

There are two types of integrated total values (ITI) defined in RTU500:

• End of period reading counters (EPR)

• Intermediate reading counters (IR)

Both types have only one source and the IR is only an intermediate value of the corresponding
EPR. This means that there is one ITI, which is transmitted periodically in fixed periods.

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Integrated Total Values with reset to zero at end of period

Counts The IR reading cycle must be 1/n of the end-of-period me, e. g.:
If period = 60 min and n= 5, then IR cycle = 12 min

Period Period Period Period Time

IR reading
Intermediate End-of- End-of- End-of- End-of-
Reading cycle period reading period reading period reading period reading
Figure 20: Integrated total values definition for EPR and IR

2.5.1.1 Presentation of integrated total values

Although the internal value presentation is a 32-bit signed integer, RTU500 series only supports
positive ITI values on its local inputs. Therefore, ITI values within the following range are allowed:

• 0 … +2,147,483,647

2.5.2 Function distribution

The process data acquisition functions for ITIs processed by RTU500 can be grouped into functions
handled by the following elements:
• IOC of the binary input boards
• Process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU
• Protocol specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of
the specific communication protocol.

The following functions are available for binary input module:

• Reading input register (every millisecond)
• Digital filter (contact bouncing)
• Increment integration register
• Freeze integration register into relocation register

The following functions are available for the PDPs of CMUs:

• Freeze and read ITIs periodically
• Transmission to internal communication

2.5.3 Functions of binary input boards

The IOCs of the binary input module support the integrated total functions. The configuration
parameters for each function are loaded from PDP during start-up or in the event of a module
initialization during runtime. Parameters can be set for each input individually.

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Binary input module periodically take a reading from all 16 inputs every millisecond. If the channel is
configured for integrated total, a signal change of 0->1 is accepted after digital filtering to be a pulse
count and increments the pulse counter register.

Whenever PDP sends a broadcast command to freeze counter values, the binary input module
read the actual integration register and store the contents into the relocation register. PDP receives
the frozen ITI value from the binary input module.

2.5.3.1 Blocked

Use the Blocked configuration parameter to specify blocking for a data point. Any data point
configured with the Blocked configuration parameter will be blocked from transmission, and the
PDP will stop reporting any changes related to this data point to the NCC.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Blocked disabled SPI, DPI, AMI, MFI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI – PDP
parameters
If a process data point is 'blocked',
changes are not transmitted to the hosts

2.5.3.2 Digital filter

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to specify the number of milliseconds during which an
input has to be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state.

Use the digital filter configuration parameter to prevent ordinary contact bouncing.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Digital filter 10 ms SPI, DPI, DMI, STI, ITI, BSI - PDP parameters
The 'digital filter' time specifies the time, an input
must be stable, before the change is accepted.
Value range: 2 to 255 ms or '-' to disable

If an input channel has changed its state and should be transmitted as an event to the PDP, the
time of the last edge before the filter time elapsed is used as the time stamp of the event.

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1
Input channel

255
Digital filter time
counter Digital filter time
(e.g. 7ms)

0
time
(a)
1ms
Event into FIFO
with time stamp of (a)

Figure 21: Digital filter (contact bouncing)

2.5.3.3 Integrated total frequency

The binary input boards can read ITI counter increments upto a maximum frequency. The default
on value is 50 Hz (10 ms in on state) which is necessary when normal relay contacts are used. The
ratio for the 0 and 1 state should be 1:1.

Module Maximum input frequency

23BE23 120 Hz

560BIR01 120 Hz

23BE40 25 Hz

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23BE50 120 Hz

540CID01 120 Hz (high speed channel BI1: 16 kHz)

520BID01 25 Hz

530BID01 120 Hz

530IOD01 120 Hz

530CID01 120 Hz

530CID02 120 Hz

2.5.3.4 Freeze ITI value

PDP forces periodical readings of EPR or IR. At the beginning of a forced reading, PDP sends a
broadcast command to all I/O boards: "freeze ITI registers".

Each binary input board on which ITIs are configured stores the actual content of the Integrated
total register to a relocation register as part of the normal signal processing. The Integrated total
register continues counting. The frozen values are transmitted to PDP afterwards.

2.5.3.5 Reduction factor

If function Reduction factor is enabled, each n-th pulse will be transmitted to PDP to be used in a
PLC program.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Reduction factor disabled ITI – PDP parameters

If enabled:
Each n-th pulse will be reported to the PDV,
in order to use it in a PLC program.
Notice: The load on the internal bus.
Value range: 1 to 15 (RTU540 MIO: 1 to 65535) or '-' to disable.

ADVICE
This increases the load on the I/O bus.

2.5.4 PDP functions of the CMU

2.5.4.1 Reading ITI counter values and update ITI status

A reading of ITI counter values is taken for the folllowing periods:

• each configured IR cycle

• each configured EPR period

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The frozen ITI values are read from all ITIs which are configured for the actual period. It is not
necessary to have all ITIs in the same EPR periods or IR cycles.

There are some qualifier information, which inform the NCC about the quality of the ITI. These
qualifiers are updated at each ITI reading.

2.5.4.2 EPR / IR parameters

Use the Acquisition of end of period reading ITI configuration parameter to switch off transmission
of EPR readings, or to specify the EPR period in minutes.

Use the End of period wrap around counter configuration parameter to specify that the ITI value is
not reset after an EPR reading.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: End of period reading (EPR) cycle 60 min ITI – PDP parameters
ITI's are transmitted cyclicly.
At the end of a period the ITI's are set to Zero,
if the parameter 'Wrap around counter' is not enabled.
Value range depends on 'Unit of EPR cycle':
1..240 minutes
1..23 hours,
1..31 days
ITI: Unit of EPR cycle min ITI – PDP parameters
Value range minutes [min.], hour or day.
ITI: End of period wrap around counter disabled ITI – PDP parameters
If enabled:
The 'end of period reading'
will not reset the counter

Use the Acquisition of intermediate reading ITI configuration parameter to switch off the
transmission of IR readings, or to specify the IR period.

Use the Unit of IR cycle configuration parameter to specify whether IR period is defined in second
or minute cycles.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Intermediate readings (IR) cycle 10 min ITI – PDP parameters

ITI's are transmitted cyclicly.
An intermediate reading will not reset the counter.
Value range depends on 'Unit of IR cycle' setting.
ITI: Unit of IR cycle min ITI – PDP parameters
Value range seconds [sec.] or Minutes [Min.],
hour or day

2.5.4.3 CA qualifier flag (Counter was adjusted since last reading)

The CA qualifier flag is set in the following situations:

• The counter is restarted due to RTU500 restart.

• The time changed during the period / cycle (new time synchronization).
• The RTU500 system time has changed due to a new received time base (hard synchronization)
and differs more than 5 s from the old system time.

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The flag is set in the first telegram of an intermediate value (IR) and in the first telegram of an end
of period value (EPR). If the EPR telegram arrives first, the qualifier is not set in the subsequent IR
telegram.

2.5.4.4 IV flag (ITI is invalid)

The IV flag is set in the following situation:

• The ITI value is invalid because PDP could not receive the value from the binary input board.

CS

RTU500
EPR period
IR cycle
EPR and
IR values ITI queue

Freeze PCV
register

Relocation Integration Binary

register register input

Pulse signal from metering device

Figure 22: Reading ITI within RTU500

2.5.4.5 IT flag (Invalid time)

The IT flag is set in the time information element of the ITI telegram until RTU500 has a valid
system time and is synchronized after startup.

2.5.4.6 Counter Interrogation Group

The ITI is assigned to a Counter Interrogation Group.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Counter interrogation group disabled ITI – PDP parameters

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Parameter name Default Parameter location

If enabled:
The ITI is member of a counter interrogation group.
Notice: Not all protocols are supporting interrogation groups.
Value range: 0 to 4 or '-' to disable.

ADVICE
Not all protocols are supporting interrogation groups

2.5.4.7 Spontaneous transmission after freeze

After freezing the value is transmitted spontaneously.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ITI: Spontaneous transmission after freeze enabled ITI – PDP parameters

After freezing the value is transmitted spontaneously.

2.5.5 Error handling

2.5.5.1 Failure of binary input boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board was removed, or rack power is lost.

If a board is set to an "out of service" state, the configured ITI's qualifiers are set to Invalid due to
board failure. The RTU500 transmits all ITI messages of that board to the NCC with an ITI message
and the qualifier IV = 1.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board was replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

When this happens, the following sequence will recover the pulse counter values:

1 Normalize the binary input boards.

2 Load all parameters for the configured channels (done by PDP part of CMU).
3 Read all values and update status.
4 Reset qualifiers IV for affected ITIs to 0.

2.5.5.2 Dynamic qualifier changes

The qualifier status of an integrated total value can change at runtime if the following condition
applies:

• The binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1).

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Binary and analog input boards

2.6 Binary and analog input boards

2.6.1 Signalization of input board states

An input board can have three states:

• OK: The input board is in operating state.

• Faulty: At least one data point of the input board has configuration errors or is inoperable
• Invalid: The input board is inoperable for one of the following reasons:
° A power loss has occurred in the rack where the input board is located.
° The input board is missing.

The state of an input board is signalized in the system diagnosis.

2.6.2 Handling of event queue overflows

Each I/O board contains an event queue to store multiple events like process data changes. These
events are read and processed by PDP. In the case of a high load on the peripheral bus or a high
process data change rate of the input channels on the I/O board, the I/O board’s event queue may
overflow and events may be lost.

PDP is able to detect an I/O board’s event queue overflow. If PDP detects an event queue overflow,
it responds by reconfiguring the input board:

• The event queue overflow is signalized in the system diagnosis.

• All data points are set to invalid.
• The input board is normalized.
• All data points on the input board are reconfigured.
• The current values of the data points are read and transmitted to the NCC.

After reconfiguration of the input board, the data points of the input board reflect the current process
state.

2.7 Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage

Transformers
The current/voltage transformer interfaces 560CVD03, 560CVD11, 500CVD21 and 500CVD90 are
used for monitoring input signals from three independent phases with 3- or 4-wire connections.

The following data points are available:

Data point Object type Unit 560CVD03 560CVD11 500CVD21 500CVD90

Voltage AMI / MFI V X X X X
1-N, 2-N, 3-N
Voltage AMI / MFI V X X X X
1-2, 2-3, 3-1
Voltage AMI / MFI V X X X
N
Voltage AMI / MFI V X
Line Unbalance
Table 3: Data points for current/voltage transformer 560CVD03, 560CVD11, 500CVD21, 500CVD90

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Data point Object type Unit 560CVD03 560CVD11 500CVD21 500CVD90

Negative AMI / MFI V X X
sequence unbal-
ance
Zero sequence AMI / MFI V X X
unbalance
Current AMI / MFI A X X X X
1, 2, 3
Current AMI / MFI A X X X
N
Current AMI / MFI A X X
Unbalance
Frequency AMI / MFI Hz X X X X
Active Power AMI / MFI W X X X X
1-N, 2-N, 3-N,
Total
Reactive Power AMI / MFI Var X X X X
1-N, 2-N, 3-N,
Total
Apparent Power AMI / MFI VA X X X X
1-N, 2-N, 3-N,
Total
Power Factor AMI / MFI - X X X X
1, 2, 3, Total
Total Harmonic AMI / MFI % X X X X
Distortion
Voltage
1, 2, 3
Total Harmonic AMI / MFI % X X X
Distortion
Voltage
N
Total Harmonic AMI / MFI % X X X X
Distortion
Current
1, 2, 3
Total Harmonic AMI / MFI % X X X X
Distortion
Current
N
Phase Angle AMI / MFI Degree (°) X X X
1, 2, 3, Total
Active energy ITI Wh
(Total)
Apparent energy ITI Vah X
(Total)
Active energy ITI +Wh X X X X
(positive)
Active energy ITI -Wh X X X X
(negative)
Table 3: Data points for current/voltage transformer 560CVD03, 560CVD11, 500CVD21, 500CVD90

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Transformers

Data point Object type Unit 560CVD03 560CVD11 500CVD21 500CVD90

Reactive energy ITI +Varh X X X X
(Inductive)
Reactive energy ITI -Varh X X X X
(Capacitive)
Phase rotation SPI - X X X X
Disturbance FDR - X
recorder
Transparent data TDC - X
I1 pos. sequence AMI / MFI A X
current
I2 neg. sequence AMI / MFI A X
current
I0 zero sequence AMI / MFI A X
current
I2/I1 sequence AMI / MFI A X
unbalance
I0/I1 sequence AMI / MFI A X
unbalance
U1 pos. sequence AMI / MFI V X
voltage
U2 neg. sequence AMI / MFI V X
voltage
U0 zero sequence AMI / MFI V X
voltage
U2/U1 sequence AMI / MFI V X
unbalance
U0/U1 sequence AMI / MFI V X
unbalance
Phase A Flicker AMI / MFI % X
Phase B Flicker AMI / MFI % X
Phase C Flicker AMI / MFI % X
3 Phase Flicker AMI / MFI % X
Table 3: Data points for current/voltage transformer 560CVD03, 560CVD11, 500CVD21, 500CVD90

Accumulated values are stored in energy registers of the 560CVD modules as Long integer values.
On power up, these values are reset to zero. The accumulated values are cyclically transmitted to
RTU500:

• Active energy 3-phase

• Apparent energy 3-phase
• Reactive energy (Inductive) 3-phase
• Reactive energy (Capacity) 3-phase

The current/voltage transformer interfaces 560CVD03 / 560CVD11 / 500CVD21 und 500CVD90

provide measurements of the distortion (THD) for each phase voltage and current waveform.
The distortion value is output in the form of a percentage deviation from pure 50 Hz or 60 Hz sine
waves, using Fast Fourier Transform algorithm (FFT):

• U1, U2, U3 % THD

• I1, I2, I3 % THD

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Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Transformers SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

Parameter name Abbreviation Parameter range / Default Unit

Explanation
Primary rated volt- Upr 10 to 550000 110 V
age
Primary rated cur- Ipr 0 to 25000 5 A
rent
Voltage measure- Umr 0.2 to 1.2 1.2 -
ment range
Current measure- Imr 0.01 to 1.2 1 -
ment range
Nominal frequency F 50 or 60 50 Hz
Display Mode Manual/Scanning Manual -
Table 4: Table of 560CVD03 configuration parameters

Parameter name Abbreviation Parameter range / Default Unit

Explanation
Primary rated volt- Upr 10 to 550000 110 V
age
Primary rated cur- Ipr 1 to 5000 1 A
rent 5 to 25000 5 A
Voltage measure- Umr 0.2 to 1.2 1.2 -
ment range
Current measure- Imr 0.01 to 1.2 1 -
ment range
Nominal frequency F 50 or 60 50 Hz
Neutral current Io 0 to 1 Calculated -
sensing
Neutral voltage Vo 0 to 1 Calculated -
sensing
Neutral rated volt- V0 PT 1 to 550000 10 V
age
Neutral voltage Uomr 0.2 to 1.2 1.2 -
measurement
range
Table 5: 560CVD11 / 500CVD21 configuration parameters

Parameter name Abbreviation Parameter range / Default Unit

Explanation
Voltage measure- Umr 0.2 to 1.2 1.2 -
ment
Current measure- Imr 0.01 to 1.2 1 -
ment
Neutral voltage U0mr 0.01 to 1.2 1.2 -
measurement
range
Secondary rated Usec 10 to 320 100
voltage
Secondary neutral V0PTsec 10 to 320 100 V
rated voltage
Table 6: 500CVD90 configuration parameters

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The measured values (AMI, MFI) are transmitted by the subdevice communication interface. All
measured values represent the secondary output of the transformer.

ADVICE
Use PLC library 'RTU500CVD lib' for engineering of 500CVD90 device. Details can be find in
User Manual Application 500CVD90 (1KGT151161).

Normalized AMI values are scaled according to following table:

Data point Normalized mini- Normalized maxi-

mum value (-100 %) mum value (+100 %)
Voltage - (Upr * Umr) / SQRT(3) + (Upr * Umr) / SQRT(3)
1-N, 2-N, 3-N
Voltage - Upr * Umr + Upr * Umr
1-2, 2-3, 3-1
Voltage - Upr * Umr + Upr * Umr
N
Voltage - Upr * Umr + Upr * Umr
Line Unbalance
Current - Ipr * Imr + Ipr * Imr
1, 2, 3
Current - Ipr * Imr + Ipr * Imr
N
Current - Ipr * Imr + Ipr * Imr
Unbalance
Frequency F-10 % F+10 %
Active Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr * Imr / SQRT(3)
1-N, 2-N, 3-N * Imr / SQRT(3)
Active Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr
1-N, 2-N, 3-N, Total * Imr * SQRT(3) * Imr * SQRT(3)
Reactive Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr * Imr / SQRT(3)
1-N, 2-N, 3-N * Imr / SQRT(3)
Reactive Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr
1-N, 2-N, 3-N, Total * Imr * SQRT(3) * Imr * SQRT(3)
Apparent Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr * Imr / SQRT(3)
1-N, 2-N, 3-N * Imr / SQRT(3)
Apparent Power - Upr * Umr * Ipr + Upr * Umr * Ipr
1-N, 2-N, 3-N, Total * Imr * SQRT(3) * Imr * SQRT(3)
Power Factor -1 1
1, 2, 3, Total
Total Harmonic Distortion 0 +100 %
Voltage
1, 2, 3, N
Total Harmonic Distortion 0 +100 %
Current
1, 2, 3, N
Angle Phase -180º +180º
1, 2, 3, N
Table 7: Scaling of normalized AMI values

Example:

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Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Transformers SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

Secondary rated current = 5 A (Value range: 1 A or 5 A)

Current measurement range = 0.5 A (Value range: 0.01 A … 1.20 A)

100 % = 2.5 A (secondary)

Tension Example: 120 V Value

Range=1.0
Lower limit -120 V -100 %
0V 0
Upper limit +120 V +100 %
Table 8: Tension scaling

Nominal frequency (560CVD configuration parameter)

Frequency Example: 50 Hz Value

Nominal frequency
Nominal frequency * 90 % 45 Hz -100 %
Nominal frequency * 90 % 50 Hz 0
Nominal frequency * 110 % 55 Hz +100 %
Table 9: Nominal frequency scaling

The power factor (phases 1, 2, 3, and Total) is also a normalized value:

Power factor Value

-1,000 -100 %
0 0
+1,000 +100 %
Table 10: Power factor scaling

Total Harmonic Distortion THD (V and C, Phase 1, 2, 3 and N) is transmitted in percentage as a

normalized value:

THD Value
- -
0 0
100.0 % +100 %
Table 11: Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) scaling

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Generating Motoring

+ 270°

- Watt + Watt
- Var - Var
L PF (lagging load) C PF (leading load)
Reverse WH Forward WH
- VarH - VarH

Voltage
+ 180°
Reference 0°

- Watt + Watt
+ Var + Var
C PF (leading load) L PF (lagging load)
Reverse WH Forward WH
+ VarH + VarH

+ 90°

Power meter 560CVD11

Figure 23: Power measurement conventions

All energy values are cyclically requested by the RTU500 subdevice communication interface and
transmitted as Integrated Total Information (ITI).

Parameter name Default Parameter location

IR / EPR cycle time 560CVD – Parameters

Wrap around 560CVD – Parameters
Pulse weight 560CVD – Parameters

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Logic functions SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction

ITI values are calculated as follows:

• (Wcurrent - Wlast)/Pulse weight
• Where W is respective value of the Wh / VAh / varh

2.8 Logic functions

The logic functions of RTU500 allow deriving virtual process information from process information
and system events using logical operations, such as AND, OR, Dynamic OR, or NOR.

Logic function types:

• OR groups (>=)
• AND groups (&)
• NOR groups
• Dynamic OR groups
• Security indication
• Security alarm
• Control Authority
• OR of Alarm state

A group information is a single-point information (SPI) data object. It is calculated from other SPIs
or system events (SEV) or in case of a security indication and a security alarm Security Events by
logical operations.

A group information data object can be generated from all single-point information SPI and SEV
processed in RTU500. Group information can also serve as an input to another group information.

The number of input signals per group information is limited to 32 signals.

Group information output is communicated in the form of an SPI event to the internal
communication. Calculation is event-driven, i.e., every change of an input object leads to a
recalculation of the derived process information object. Calculation is based on the type of logical
function as configured for the selected input objects of the SPI or SEV type.

The time of the input signal forcing the new event message will be used as the time stamp of the
event.

2.8.1 OR group

The output signal of an OR group is set to 1 if at least one input signal is set to 1. The first signal
that is set to 1 forces transmission of the OR group signal.

The output signal of an OR group is set to 0 if all input signals are 0. The trailing edge of the last
signal that is set to 0 forces transmission of the OR group signal.

2.8.2 AND group

The output signal of an AND group is set to 1 if all input signals are set to 1. The last input signal
that is set to 1 forces transmission of the AND group signal.

The output signal of an AND group is set to 0 if at least one input signal is 0. The trailing edge of
this signal forces transmission of the AND group signal.

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SCADA Functions in Monitoring Direction Logic functions

2.8.3 NOR group

The output signal of a NOR group is set to 0 if at least one input signal is set to 1. The first signal
that is set to 1 forces transmission of the NOR group signal.

The output signal of a NOR group is set to 1 if all input signals are 0. The trailing edge of the last
signal that is set to 0 forces transmission of the NOR group signal.

2.8.4 DynamicOR group

The output signal of a dynamic OR group is set to 1 every time an input signal is set to 1. Each
signal that is set to 1 forces transmission of the OR group signal.

The output signal of a dynamic OR group is set to 0 if all input signals are 0. The trailing edge of the
last signal that is set to 0 forces transmission of the OR group signal.

2.8.5 Security indication and security alarm functions

These two functions differ from all other logic functions by their input parameters: Generally, these
functions use security events as input parameters.

2.8.6 Security indication function

If one ore more input security events occur, a pulse of approximately 100 ms is generated at the
SPI output.

2.8.7 Security Alarm Function

A security alarm is similar to a security indication but differs from it in the following respect: Output
is only triggered if an input event has occurred several times within a specified supervision time
period. The number of events and the supervision time can be configured in RTUtil500.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Number of events 3 Logic function

If the connected security events occur n-times (Number of events) within the supervision time a pulse of 100 msec length is generated
at the SPI output. Value range: 1...32
Within supervision time 15 min Logic function
Supervision time within security events occur n-times. Value range: 1 - 1440 minutes

In the case of redundant CMUs, the current event count and the current elapsed time will be reset
if the active CMU fails. It is therefore recommended to monitor the security event #5160 ("RTU
restarted") in order to be able to identify such a situation.

2.8.8 Group signal qualifier

A group signal qualifier represents the logical OR of the qualifiers of all input signals of the group
information. If the state of one of the inputs does not equal OK, the output of the logic function is set
to this state.

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2.8.9 Control Authority

Logic function type to grant or deny control authority at runtime.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Control authority group 1 Logic function

Control authority group whichs control authority state is changed by the refering data point. Value range: 1..200
Control originator type Host interface Logic function
Type of the control originator to set control authority state for. Control originators are fully identified by originator type and identifier.
Select from list.
Control originator identifier 1 Logic function
Identifier of the control originator to set control authority state for. Identifiers for the various types are: Host numbers for Host
interfaces, HMI Client numbers for Integrated HMI and CMU number a PLC function is configured on for PLC.

Additional information can be found in RTU500 Series Function Description Part 6: Configurable
control authority and in RTU500 Series Function Description Part 8: Control authority component.

2.8.10 OR of Alarm State

Logic function type 'OR of Alarm state' calculates based on the configured alarm values of the input
data points the sum-alarm state. SPIs, SEVs and DPIs can be selected as inputs.

The value of generated SPI is set to 1 if at least one input data point of the logic function has a
value that is equal to the configured alarm values.

The value of generated SPI is 0 if no input data point of the logic function is in alarm state.

ADVICE
Alarm values can be configured on 'General' page of selected input data point.

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3 SCADA Functions in Command

Direction
This chapter describes the SCADA functions in command direction for the following modules:

Binary output modules:

• 560BOR01
• 23BA23 (command output supervision)
• 23BA40
• 520BOD01
• 520CSD01 (command output with command output supervision)
• 530BOD01

Analog output modules:

• 23AA21
• 520AOD01
• 530AOD01

Combined binary input output modules:

• 530IOD01 (binary input and binary output)

Base modules with integrated I/Os:

• 540CID01 (binary input, binary output, analog input and command output supervision)
• 530CID01 (binary input and binary output)
• 530CID02 (binary input and binary output)

The following output command types are available for the RTU500 series:
• Command Output
° Single Command Output (SCO)
° Double Command Output (DCO)

• Regulation Step Command Output (RCO)

• Setpoint Command Output
° Analog Setpoint Command Output (ASO)
° Digital Setpoint Command Output (DSO)

• Bit-string Output Command (BSO)

3.1 Function distribution

The task of command output within an RTU500 lies with the installed output boards and, if required,
with the command supervision boards 23BA22 or 23BA23.

PDP monitors and coordinates the output boards.

The output boards' IOCs have the following tasks:

• Switching output relays

• Setting the analog output value
• Supervising and monitoring the hardware

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Command output and interlocking procedures SCADA Functions in Command Direction

During initialization, PDP uploads information on the output configured for, and wired to, each
channel to the boards. The format is similar to the format used for input boards.

3.2 Command output and interlocking procedures

Commands for objects can be issued either in a single-step procedure (Direct operate) or – for
requests at higher security levels – in a two-step procedure (Select before operate). The two-step
procedure significantly decreases the risk of errors in command direction.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Select before operate only disabled SCO, DCO, RCO, ASO, DSO - PDP parameters
If enabled:
Only Two Step Commands are accepted.
The time between 'Select' and 'Execute'
must not exceed 20 seconds

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Select before operate timeout 20 sec RTU - parameter

Maximum time a command is selected.
With expiration of the timeout, a selection is reset.
Value range: 1 to 120 seconds.

If PDP receives a SELECT command, it checks whether the object is available and that there
no reservation for another object exists. If these checks are successful, PDP acknowledges the
reservation with a positive confirmation. The reservation is valid for 20 s. Within that time window,
PDP should receive either the corresponding EXECUTE command or a DESELECT command. If
PDP receives no such command, it clears the reservation of the object.

If PDP receives an EXECUTE command within the allowed time, it checks if the referring object
equals the reserved object. If both objects are the identical, the command is executed. If the objects
differ, PDP rejects the EXECUTE command and sends a negative confirmation. The command
procedure is complete once the activation termination for that command is transmitted.

While a command object is selected, no other command objects within the interlocking scope of
the selected one can be selected. Other selections will be rejected. If no object is selected, multiple
process command objects may be executed in parallel using direct operate procedure.

The scope of command selection interlocking depends on the setting of the Process command
interlocking mode configuration parameter.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Process command interlocking mode Interlocking per I/O RTU - Parameters

device, I/O bus and group
Interlocking mode for commands to be used by SCIs, IObus and PLC.
Depending on the selection, commands are interlocked against each other within groups or on object level.
If value 'Configured' is selected, '1 of n control group' parameter of command data points are editable to assign commands to project
specific '1 of n control groups'.
Selection values 'with command priority' allow originators with higher priority (e.g. HCIs with lower host number) to break a selection of
a '1 of n control group' by a originator of lower priority.

• Interlocking per I/O device, I/O bus and group (default setting)
The selection is interlocked against other commands of the same I/O bus segment and the
same command group (possible command groups are object commands, regulation step
command, and setpoint commands).

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• Interlocking per object / Interlocking per object with command priority

The selection is interlocked against the same object only.
• Global / Global with command priority
If this mode is selected, only one command can be operated at a time independent of the type
of command. As long as a command is in operation any further command operation will be
rejected.
• Configured / Configured with command priority
If this mode is selected, process commands can be assigned to 1 out of n control groups
(command parameter: 1 out of n control group). The user has now the full flexibility to assign
commands to 1 out of n control groups. As long as a command is in operation any further
command of the same group will be rejected. Commands not assigned to any group by
configuration are interlocked only on object basis.
• With command priority
Interlocking can be interrupted by a command from an originator (e.g. HCI, PLC, Integrated HMI)
of a higher command priority. HCIs with the lowest host numbers have the highest priorities,
followed by PLCs, Integrated HMIs and RTU500 series Web servers. Select and execute
commands can break the selection.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

1 of n control group disabled SCO, DCO, RCO, ASO, DSO, FSO, BSO – General
parameter
Specifies the '1 of n control group' a command is assigned to, if process command interlocking mode 'Configured' or 'Configured with
priority' is selected.
Value range: 1..200, 0 means disabled.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Inhibit timeout disabled RTU - Parameters

Inhibition time specifies how long further commands to the same group are rejected after previous successful execution of a
command.
Value range: 1..30 sec, 0 means disabled.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Command confirmation timeout 25 s RTU - Parameters

Maximum time until a command must be confirmed. Value range: 1 to 600 seconds.
Command operation timeout 60 s RTU - Parameters
Maximum time until a started command operation procedure is released, if case it was not completed before.
Value range: 1..660 seconds.

If a process command is rejected because of a selection mismatch or a pending command

confirmation, PDP sends a system event SEV#242 .. SEV#260: Process command collision with
command of X to the originator of the rejected command. The SEVs contain information about the
originator that issued the command causing rejection.

3.3 Object command output

The following options are available for object command outputs (SCO or DCO):

• Object command outputs can be wired for 1-pole, 1.5-pole, and 2-pole switching.
• Object command outputs allow additional 1-out-of-n checks (command supervision).
• Object command outputs for 1.5-pole and 2-pole switching allow two-step commands (Select
before operate procedure, SBO).
• Object command outputs allow command termination by means of a response indication.
• Object command outputs allow persistent output.

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3.3.1 Single-object command output (SCO)

A single-object command has only one output relay. It can be configured as one of the following
output types:

• Pulse ON command
• Pulse OFF command
• Persistent output

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SCO: Output type Only On SCO – PDP parameters

PERSISTENT (only for 1 pole commands): The ON will close the relay, the OFF will open it again.
ONLY ON: Only a ON-command is accepted.
ONLY OFF: Only a OFF-command is accepted

Single-object commands can be wired with one relay contact per command (1-pole connection) or
with two relay contacts per command (2-pole connection).

Single-object commands are pulse outputs. Use the Command pulse length configuration
parameter to specify the command pulse length. Only the configured direction is used for pulse
output. The direction not included in the configuration is ignored. A single-object command occupies
one relay of a binary output board.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SCO: Command pulse length 1 sec SCO, DCO, RCO - PDP parameters
Execution time of the ONLY ON/ ONLY OFF command.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 sec,
in steps of 100 ms

K1 ON or OFF Output
pulse
Interposing relays
Figure 24: Single-object command definition: Pulse output

Single-object commands are configurable as persistent output. In persistent mode, an ON

command switches the relay to persistent ON. The OFF command switches the relay to persistent
OFF.

K1

ON command OFF command

Interposing relays
Figure 25: Single-object command definition: Persistent output

3.3.2 Double object command output (DCO)

A double object command has two independent output relays:

56 1KGT151099 V003 1
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• one relay for ON direction

• one relay for OFF direction

Double object commands can be wired with one relay contact per command (1-pole connection) or
with two relay contacts per command (2-pole connection).

Double object commands can only be pulse outputs. Use the Command pulse length configuration
parameter to specify pulse length. Only one channel ON or OFF can be active at the same time.
The two relays occupy two consecutive bits within an output board. The ON relay is typically on an
odd channel (1, 3, 5 …). The OFF relay is typically on an even channel (2, 4, 6 …).

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DCO: Command pulse length 1 sec SCO, DCO, RCO - PDP parameters
Execution time of the command.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 sec in steps of 100 ms

k1 ON

Output
pulse

k2 OFF

Output
Interposing relays pulse
Figure 26: Double-object command definition: Pulse output

The definition of the bit position for ON (HIGHER) and OFF (LOWER) can be changed for the entire
configuration. If a bit position is changed, this definition is valid for DPI, DCO and RCO commands.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Change ON and OFF connection point of DPI, disabled RTU - parameter

DCO and RCO
Valid for local DPI, DCO and RCO only.
If enabled:
Connection points (CP) for ON and OFF
are changed according to standard:
ON: odd CP = 1, 3, 5, ...
OFF: even CP = 2, 4, 6, ...

3.3.3 Termination of command output by response indication

The pulse length of an object command can be limited to the runtime of the switching device (e.g.,
an isolator). PDP uses the new position indication to identify runtime termination. A command
release delay time can be specified to prevent the command from stopping before the new position
is settled.

Use the Process information configuration parameter to specify the use of a response indication for
each object command.

Use the Command release delay time configuration parameter to specify the response delay time.
The default value is 200 ms.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Process information disabled SCO, DCO – General parameter

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Object command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

Parameter name Default Parameter location

If enabled, a process information can be linked to the command.

If the command is a PDP command,
the process information is used as response indication
to terminate the running command immediately.
Enter '0' or '-' to disable.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SCO: Command release delay time 0.2 sec SCO, DCO – PDP parameters
DCO: Command release delay time
Command release delay time, to be used with 'Process information'.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 seconds, in steps of 100 milliseconds.
This field is enabled, when 'Process information' is defined.

RTU560

Command
BO

DCO
Switch gear UB
CS
Response
BI
DPI

Pulse length without response

Pulse length
with response

Command output

ON 1
0
Response message
OFF 1
0

Command release
delay time
DPI
message

Figure 27: Response indication procedure

Response indication occurs in the form of a SPI or DPI message. Therefore, PDP only needs the
end positions (ON/OFF) to terminate the command output. The reported indication state and the
command direction (ON/OFF) do not need to match.

Any SPI or DPI inside the same RTU as the SCO / DCO can act as a response indication.

A new command from NCC is accepted only after the command is switched off, i.e., after the
response delay time and the final termination of the command output with ACTTERM to NCC.

3.3.4 Object command output without supervision

The output board takes care of the final output by switching the output relay(s). Binary output
boards monitor and check an output using the following mehods:
• Reading back the output bit pattern from the relay coil driver

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• Supervising the 24 V DC voltage switching the output relays

• Monitoring the output pulse time
• Indicating the command state by LEDs

Fig. 28 shows the generic wiring for object commands (1-pole connection).

2-pole connections require two relays per command direction. The binary output board takes care
of switching the relays (e.g., k1 and k9; see Fig. 29).

Configuring 2-pole connections allows the mixed use of object commands and regulation step
commands on the same board.

k1 to k16: Output relays

k10

k13

k14

k15

k16
k11

k12
k7

k8

k9
k5

k6
k1

k2

k3

k4
R2

R1

Interposing relays
Process
voltage
UD
Process
voltage
ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON

OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF

Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Ch 4 Ch 5 Ch 6 Ch 7 Ch 8
Figure 28: Process commands without supervision (1-pole connection)

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Object command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

k1 to k16: Output relays

k10

k13

k14

k15

k16
k11

k12
k7

k8

k9
k5

k6
k1

k2

k3

k4
R2

UD R1
Process voltage
Interposing relays

OFF OFF OFF OFF

Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3 Ch 4
Figure 29: Process commands without supervision (2-pole)

PDP coordinates the command flow on the output board. The interaction is shown in Fig. 30. If a
process command is received to switch the selected output channel, an output request is sent to the
assigned output board.

The software on the output board performs the following steps:

1 Verify that no other output is active.
2 Switch the selected output relay.
3 Start the output pulse timer.
4 Transmit a positive acknowledge ("output active") to PDP.
5 Switch off the output relay when pulse time elapses.
6 Transmit "output deactivated" to PDP.

PDP monitors the output commands. If PDP does not receive the acknowledge information
within time, it will stop the output by forcing the output board to stop. The binary output board
acknowledges "output active" and sends an activation confirmation to the NCC.

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PDP Binary Comment

output
board
Receive, RTU560 receives an output command. It
check and checks the command for plausibility and
prepare whether no output is active. If both
output conditions are fulfilled, PDP transmits
command. the command to the relevant binary
output board, along with the value of the
Check output
pulse time parameter.
command.
Switch on
output relay.
Start timer. The binary output board
checks the received
Set Output command. If the condition is
active flag. fulfilled, it activates an output
channel.

The binary output board starts

a timer using the received
Pulse time has pulse time lenght and the
Set Output
elapsed. Switch indicated value of the Output
off output relay. active flag to PDP.

Once the pulse time has elapsed, the binary

output board switches off the output channel.
Reset Output The binary output board signals the Output
active flag. deactivated flag to PDP. PDP receives the
Output deactivated signal and resets the
Output active flag. PDP is ready to receive a
new command.
Figure 30: PDP interaction: Object command output without command supervision

3.3.5 1-out-of-n checks for object commands

To lower the risk of more than one interposing relay being switched at a time when a command is
given, a 1-out-of-n check function can be added to an object command.

"Fig. 31: Object command output with supervision (1.5-pole)" and "Fig. 32: Object command output
with supervision (2-pole)" show the generic wiring between the output board and the additionally
required command supervision board.

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- UD +
UD = Process voltage for swtiching interposing relays
GO
1-out-of-n check *) = 1.5-pole object command is also possible if only
check circuit R1 or R2 is wired. The other route may be used
P1 / P2
for other commands.

Command
P2 - P2 + P1 - P1 +
supervision board

*) R2
Binary
R1 k1 output board
To other output k2
boards of the same k3
of the same relay type k4
k5
k6
Interposing relays
k7
k8
k9
k10
k11
k12
k13
k14
k15
k16

Relay
Test period
Switch over from
„TEST“ to „SWITCH“
Output pulse,
Output pulse
Output by “GO“ relay
1-out-of-n
check period (with positive result)
Figure 31: Object command output with supervision (1.5-pole)

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- UD +
UD = Process voltage for swtiching interposing relays
GO
1-out-of-n check *) = only 2-pole object command is possible
check circuit if wired for 1-out-of-n check.
P1 / P2

Command
P2 - P2 + P1 - P1 +
supervision board

*) R2
Binary
R1 k1 output board
To other output k2
boards of the same k3
of the same relay type k4
k5
k6
k7
k8
Interposing relays k9
k10
k11
k12
k13
k14
k15
k16

Relay
Test period
Switch over from
„TEST“ to „SWITCH“
Output pulse,
Output pulse
Output by “GO“ relay
1-out-of-n
check period (with positive result)
Figure 32: Object command output with supervision (2-pole)

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Object command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

Binary output Command supervision Comment

PDP board board
RTU560 checks the command for plausibility and
whether no output is active. If both conditions are
Receive, fulfilled, PDP transmits the command to the
check, and relevant binary output board, along with a value of
prepare
output the pulse time parameter greater than the
command. configuration value.
Check output
command.
Switch on
PDP sends the Output active signal.
output relay. PDP starts the command supervision
board using a pulse time parameter
Set Output Run 1-out-of-n value. The command supervision board
active flag.
Start test
check for circuit
“n”. Switch over
starts a 1-out-of-n check. If the check
circuit “n”. to output position result is positive, the command
and start output
via the “GO” relay.
supervision board starts the output and
Start output the output pulse timer.
pulse timer.

Output pulse time

Set Output
command Once the pulse time has elapsed, the
running flag.
Pulse time
command supervision board switches
has elapsed. off the GO relay. The command
Switch off
”GO” relay.
supervision board sends the Output
deactivated signal to PDP.
Reset Output
command
Running flag.
Prepare stop for
output relay. PDP sends the Output stop signal to the binary
output board. The binary output board switches
Switch off off the corresponding output channel. The binary
output relay. output board sends the Output deactivated signal
Reset timer.
to PDP. PDP resets the Output active flag. PDP
is ready to receive a new command.
Reset Output
active flag.

Figure 33: PDP interaction: Object command output with command supervision

PDP coordinates the two output boards. The interaction is shown in Fig. 33.

When a process command is received, the output relay is first switched with a pulse time signal with
a length greater than the configured output pulse length for that channel.

After the output board has acknowledged that the output relay is switched on, the command
supervision board is started. The command supervision board checks the output circuit. If the check
result is positive, it performs the final output using the configured time for that channel.

The binary output boards 23BA23/ 520CSD01 allows the checking of two different output circuits
with different nominal resistances. However, only one channel (P1 or P2) can be active at a time. If
the binary output board 23BA23/520CSD01 receives a request to check, and switch, a command
on P1 or P2, it performs the following steps:
1 Verify that no other output is active.
2 Select P1 or P2 for checking.
3 Start measuring the resistance on the switched output channel (interposing relay).
4 Compare the measured resistance value against the upper and lower limits defined in the
configuration parameters.
5 If the resistance value exceeds the defined limits: Abort all activities and transmit a negative
acknowledge.
6 If the result of the resistance check is positive: Switch the auxiliary relays from "TEST" to
"SWITCH" position.
7 Start the output pulse by switching the "GO" relays feeding the process voltage to the selected
interposing relay.

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SCADA Functions in Command Direction Object command output

8 Start the output pulse timer.

9 Transmit a positive acknowledge ("command running") to PDP.
10 Switch off the "GO" relay when the pulse time elapsed.
11 Switch the auxiliary relays back to "TEST" position.
12 Transmit "command stopped" to PDP

PDP then stops the output board by a stop command. The PDP part of the CPU monitors the output
commands. If it does not receive the acknowledge information within a defined time frame, it will
stop the output by forcing the command supervision board to reset and the output board to stop the
output.

The mapping of the upper and lower resistance limits to the supervision board and the output board
needs to be defined using the relevant configuration parameter for each channel on the command
supervision board.

Two command supervision channels (CSC P1 / CSC P2) can be defined on each command
supervision board. The binary output board 23BA20 / 520BOD01 allows to select which command
supervision channel monitors the board. For 1.5-pole connections, two channels can be selected
(relays 1-8 and relays 9-16). Command supervision is valid for all SCO and DCO commands on this
board.

ADVICE
Channels connected to the same route (R1 / R2) must have the same command supervision
channel (CSC n).

A command supervision channel can be configured for any SCO / DCO inside the same RTU.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Check circuit number 1 CSC - General parameter

Logical number of the check circuit.
Value range 1 to 32.
Low limit resistance 100 Ohm CSC - General parameter
Minimum resistance of the process relay.
Value range 100 to 10000 Ohm.
Low limit resistance 100 Ohm CSC - General parameter
Minimum resistance of the process relay.
Value range 100 to 10000 Ohm.
High limit resistance 10000 Ohm CSC - General parameter
Maximum resistance of the process relay.
Value range 100 to 10000 Ohm.
High limit resistance 10000 Ohm CSC - General parameter
Maximum resistance of the process relay.
Value range 100 to 10000 Ohm.

3.3.6 LOCAL mode on binary output board 23BA22/23BA23

The front panel of the binary output board 23BA22 / 23BA23 includes the LOC push button to
activate LOCAL mode. LOCAL mode prevents the board from any active output.

An LED indicates the activity status of the LOCAL mode. To switch from REMOTE to LOCAL mode
and vice versa, press the push button twice within 5 seconds. If the push button is pressed once,
the LOC LED flashes for five seconds.

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While LOCAL mode is active, the binary output board 23BA22 / 23BA23 discards any command
and returns negative acknowledgements. The position of the LOCAL / REMOTE switch is sent to
the NCC with SEV #64 to #95.

If the LOC push button is pressed twice again, the binary output board 23BA22 / 23BA23 switches
back to remote mode and will accept and handle commands in the normal way.

3.3.7 Object command output limitations

Depending on the selected object command output board, the following limitations apply:

Module 1-pole without 2-pole without 1.5-pole with 2-pole with

supervision supervision supervision supervision

23BA20 X X • with 23BA23 • with 23BA23

560BOR01 X X • with 23BA23 • with 23BA23

23BA40 X X

520BOD01 X X • with 520CSD01 • with 520CSD01

• with 540CID01 • with 540CID01

520CSD01 X • onboard

540CID01 X X • onboard • onboard

530BOD01 X X

530IOD01 X X

530CID01 X X

530CID02 X X

3.4 Regulation step command output

The following features / limitations apply to regulation step command output (RCO):
• It can be wired for 1-pole and 1-pole switching.
• It allows one- and two-step commands ("Select before operate" procedure).
• It cannot be wired to a command supervision board.
• It cannot be terminated by a response indication.

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Use the the Command pulse length configuration parameter to specify the pulse length of an object
command. The pulse length is the same for both HIGHER and LOWER.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

RCO: Command pulse length 1 sec SCO, DCO, RCO - PDP parameters
Execution time of the command.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 sec,
in steps of 100 ms

The definition of the bit position for ON (HIGHER) and OFF (LOWER) can be changed for the entire
configuration. If a bit position is changed, this definition is valid for DPI, DCO and RCO commands.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Change ON and OFF connection point of DPI, disabled RTU - parameter

DCO and RCO
Valid for local DPI, DCO and RCO only.
If enabled:
Connection points (CP) for ON and OFF
are changed according to standard:
ON: odd CP = 1, 3, 5, ...
OFF: even CP = 2, 4, 6, ...

3.4.1 Re-triggering regulation commands

The output pulse length of a regulation command can be expanded if PDP receives the same
command within the output pulse time and is able to send it to the output board before the time
elapsed. The binary output board restarts the timer.

It is also possible to shorten an output pulse using a new command and the DEACTIVATION flag. If
a DEACTIVATION flag is received, execution of the current regulation command is aborted. Support
depends on the communication protocol.

Option Start Retrigger Retrigger Retrigger Stop

Pulse length
RCO RCO RCO RCO RCO RCO
without stop
SEL ACT ACT ACT ACT DEACT

Command output relay

Nominal
pulse length
Figure 34: Re-triggering / Stopping regulation commands

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3.4.2 Regulation command output limitations

Depending on the selected output board, the following limitations apply:

Module Regulation command, 1 pole Regulation command, 2 pole

23BA20 X X

560BOR01 X X

23BA40 X X

520BOD01 X X

520CSD01 X

540CID01 X X

530BOD01 X X

530IOD01 X X

530CID01 X X

530CID02 X X

3.5 Setpoint command output

A setpoint command is specified by an analog or digital setpoint value output. Output is possible
with or without strobe.

For a strobe output, the value is valid for the receiving unit during the additional strobe pulse output.

One- or two-step commands are possible.

The following setpoint command types are available:

• Analog output value (ASO / FSO)

Analog output channel on an analog output board
(current or voltage output)
• Digital output value (DSO)
Digital output on a binary output board

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3.5.1 Analog setpoint command output (ASO/ FSO)

Analog setpoint command output (ASO/ FSO) is possible with strobe or without strobe. Strobe
output allows triggering of the relevant unit when a new value is received. If no strobe output is
required, the setpoint command can be run without strobe.

3.5.2 Bipolar, Unipolar and Live Zero conversion

Analog output boards convert analog output values to analog output signals.

Use the Output signal type configuration parameter to specify unipolar output signals. If this
parameter is enabled, negative ASO / FSO values will be set to zero.

PDP transforms output signals with Live Zero presentation (default = 4.20 mA) as follows:

• 0 % of the normalized ASO / FSO value are converted to 20 % of the output signal range
(default: 4 mA)
• 100 % of the normalized ASO / FSO value are converted to100 % of the input signal range
(default: 20 mA)

100%

0%

4 mA (0%) 20 mA (100%)

Output value
Figure 35: Live Zero output conversion

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ASO: Output signal range 20 mA ASO, FSO – PDP parameters

FSO: Output signal range
Use the output signal range configuration parameter to specify the hardware setting of the analog output module
Output signal range for 100%.
Value range 2.5, 5 10 and 20 mA,
Output signal range for 100%.
Value range 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mA.
ASO: Output signal type Bipolar ASO, FSO – PDP parameters
FSO: Output signal type
Value range: Bipolar, Unipolar or Live Zero
Unipolar: Value range between 0 and 65635,
Bipolar: Value range between -32768 and 32767

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Setpoint command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Unipolar: Value range between 0 and 65635.

Bipolar: Value range between -32768 and 32767.

3.5.3 Scaling

PDP converts the value of a normalized ASO or scaled FSO.

Use the Conversion factor configuration parameter to specify the percentage of the maximum
output signal that is defined as 100 % of the normalized ASO value/maximum FSO value.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

Conversion factor 100 % AMI, MFI, ASO, FSO – PDP parameters

value range: 1 ... 100 %

Normalized ASO value

[digits]

+ 100%

e.g. conversion factor = 75 %

-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 (e.g. mA)

-100 -75 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 (%)
Output signal

- 100%

Figure 36: Analog value conversion ASO / FSO

For FSO, use the Maximum float value and Minimum float value configuration parameters to specify
the allowed value range (-100 % ... 100 %).

Parameter name Default Parameter location

FSO: Min. float value -100.0 MFI, FSO – PDP parameters

Minimum value used for scaling.
This value corresponds to -100% of the internal representation.
Value range: -3.4e38 ... 3.4e38
FSO: Max. float value +100.0 MFI, FSO – PDP parameters

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Parameter name Default Parameter location

Maximum value used for scaling.

This value corresponds to +100% of the internal representation.
Value range: -3.4e38 ... 3.4e38

3.5.4 Analog setpoint command output without strobe

The analog output stays stable until a new ASO is received.

3.5.5 Analog setpoint command output with strobe

Use the Strobe (SOC) configuration parameter to specify the corresponding output channel of a
binary output board for strobe output.

Use the Pulse length configuration parameter to speficy the pulse length of the strobe. The default
value is 500 ms.

ASO must be configured to an analog output board.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

ASO: Strobe (SOC) disabled ASO, DSO – PDP parameters

If enabled:
A binary output signal on a 23BA20 will
notify, that the new value is valid.
Binary output channel on 23BA20 or '-' to disable.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SOC: Command pulse length 0.5 sec SOC - PDP parameters

Length of strobe signal for
the Setpoint command.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 sec

PDP coordinates the output of the analog output value and the strobe pulse. There is a delay of
approx. 50 ms between the output of the analog value and the strobe. This delay allows the value to
become stable. The analog output stays stable until a new ASO is received.

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Analog output device

with strobe signal
Analog
output
board

Analog output device

with strobe signal

k1

Analog
kn
signal
km
Strobe signal
Binary
output
board 0.1 … 25.5 s
50 ms
k16
Figure 37: Setpoint command for analog output

3.5.6 Digital setpoint command output (DSO)

A digital setpoint command output (DSO) is an output of a normalized value on a binary output
board. The following types are possible:

• Digital setpoint output 8-bit (DSO8)

• Digital setpoint output 16-bit (DSO16)

The RTU500 supports conversions of the following data types:

• Binary data (BIN)

• Binary coded decimals (BCD)
• Gray code (GRAY)

The maximum length of a digital measured value is a word value of 16 bit (= one binary output
board). Double word values are not supported.

3.5.7 Digital setpoint value presentation

PDP allows the conversion of digital setpoint values to different data type presentations:

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SCADA Functions in Command Direction Setpoint command output

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
23BA20 output channel

Conversion by PDP

a) 16 - bit binary data unsigned

b) S 15 - bit binary data with sign

c) 8 - bit binary data unsigned

d) S 7- bit binary data with sign

e) 0...9 0...9 0...9 0...9 4 - decade BCD unsigned

f) S 0...7 0...9 0...9 0...9 4 - decade BCD with sign

g) 0...9 0...9 2 - decade BCD unsigned

h) S 0...7 0...9 2 - decade BCD with sign

i) 16 - bit gray code unsigned

j) S 15 - bit gray code with signed

k) 8 - bit gray code unsigned

l) S 7 - bit gray code with signed

S = Sign bit / Sign position

Figure 38: Digital setpoint value output (DSO) presentation

3.5.7.1 Scaling and format conversion

PDP on the binary output board 23BA20 / 23BA40 converts digital setpoint output from normalized
values (+/-100 %) to a bit-pattern output.

Use the DSO value presentation and Output signal type configuration parameter to specify the DSO
type connected to the binary output board 23BA20 / 23BA40.

PDP receives the bit pattern of the DMV.

Use the Maximum value configuration parameter to speficy the binary value output for 100 % of the
DSO value.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DSO: Output signal type Unipolar DMI, DSO – PDP parameters

Unipolar or Bipolar

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DSO: Output signal type Unipolar DMI, DSO – PDP parameters

Unipolar or Bipolar

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Setpoint command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DSO: Maximum value (100%) 65535 (DSO16) DMI, DSO – PDP parameters
255 (DSO8)
DSO8: Specifies the binary value that is converted to 100 %.
Value range:
0 to 255 (BIN/GRAY, unipolar)
0 to 99 (BCD, unipolar)
-128 to 127 (BIN/GRAY, bipolar)
-79 to 79 (BCD, bipolar).
DSO16: Specifies the binary value that is converted to 100 %.
Value range:
0 to 65535 (BIN/GRAY, unipolar)
0 to 9999 (BCD, unipolar)
-32767 to 32767 (BIN/GRAY, bipolar)
-7999 to 7999 (BCD, bipolar).

3.5.8 Digital setpoint command without strobe

The pulse length of a digital setpoint without strobe signal is fixed to 500 ms.

3.5.9 Digital setpoint command with strobe

Use the Strobe (SOC) configuration parameter to specify the corresponding output channel of a
binary output board for strobe output.

Use the Pulse length configuration parameter to speficy the pulse length of the strobe. The default
value is 500 ms.

DSO must be configured to a binary output board. SOC and DSO8 can be located on the same
binary output board.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

DSO: Strobe (SOC) disabled ASO, DSO – PDP parameters

A separate binary output, indicating that the new value is valid.
The strobe signal pulse length affects the length of the command.
Binary output channel on 23BA20 or '-' to disable.

Parameter name Default Parameter location

SOC: Command pulse length 0.5 sec SOC - PDP parameters

Length of strobe signal for
the Setpoint command.
Value range: 0.1 to 25.5 sec

PDP coordinates the output of the digital output value and the strobe pulse. There is a delay of
approx. 50 ms between the output of the digital value and the strobe. This delay allows the value to
become stable. The digital outputs are switched off at the end.

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SCADA Functions in Command Direction Setpoint command output

Digital output device

with strobe signal
Binary
output
board

Digital output device

with strobe signal

k1

Digital value
kn
km
Strobe signal (k n)
Binary
output 0.1 … 25.5 s
board
50 ms
k16
Figure 39: Setpoint command for digital output

3.5.10 Setpoint output limitations

Depending on the selected output board, the following limitations apply:

Module Without strobe With strobe

23AA21 Yes Yes
520AOD01 Yes No
530AOD01 Yes No
Table 12: Analog setpoint output limitations

Module 8-bit 16-bit Without With

(DSO8) (DSO16) strobe strobe

23BA20 X X X X

560BOR01 X X X X

23BA40 X X X

520BOD01 X X

520CSD01 X X

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Setpoint command output SCADA Functions in Command Direction

540CID01 X X X

530BOD01 X X

530IOD01 X X

530CID01 X X

530CID02 X X

3.6 Bit-string output

3.6.1 Functionality

A bit-string output (BSO) is a persistent output on a binary output board.

The following types are possible:

• Bit-string output 1-bit (BSO1)

• Bit-string output 2-bit (BSO2)
• Bit-string output 8-bit (BSO8)
• Bit-string output 16-bit (BSO16)

Bit-string output values are transparently mapped output channels. The output value is switched on
the output board and remains stable until a new value is received from NCC for this output channel.

The maximum length of a digital measured value is a word value of 16 bit (= one binary output
board). Double word values are not supported.

3.6.2 Error handling

Failure of output boards

Boards can be set to an "out of service" state if one of the following conditions applies:

• The board has never been in service (configuration error).

• The board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.).
• The board was removed, or rack power is lost.

If a board is set to an "out of service" state, the configured output channels are set to Faulty due to
board failure in the database. The RTU500 indicates that to the NCC with diagnostic message.

Boards can be reverted to a "service active" state during runtime if one of the following conditions
applies:

• The board is replaced.

• Rack power is restored.
• The I/O bus is working properly.

If this happens, the following sequence will recover the output channels:

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1 Normalize the output board.

2 Load all parameters for configured channels by PDP.
3 Clear faulty state in database and update NCC.

3.6.3 Bit-string output limitations

Depending on the selected output board, the following limitations apply:

Module 1-bit 2-bit 8-bit 16-bit

23BA20 X X X X

560BOR01 X X X X

23BA40 X X X X

520BOD01 X X

520CSD01 X

540CID01 X X X

530BOD01 X X X

530IOD01 X X

530CID01 X X

530CID02 X X

3.7 Binary output, analog output and command

supervision boards
3.7.1 Signalization of output board state

An output board can have one of the following states:

• OK: The output board is in operating state.

• Faulty: At least one data point of the output board has configuration errors or is inoperable.

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Binary output, analog output and command supervision boards SCADA Functions in Command Direction

• Invalid: The output board is inoperable for one of the following reasons:
° A power loss has occurred in the rack where the output board is located.
° The output board is missing.

The state of an output board is signalized in the system diagnosis.

3.7.2 Handling of event queue overflows

Each I/O board contains an event queue to store multiple events like output state messages. These
events are read and processed by PDP. In the case of a high load on the peripheral bus, the I/O
board’s event queue may overflow and events may be lost.

PDP is able to detect an I/O board’s event queue overflow. If PDP detects an event queue overflow,
it responds by reconfiguring the output board:

• The event queue overflow is signalized in the system diagnosis.

• All data points are set to invalid.
• The output board is normalized.
• All data points on the output board are reconfigured.

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Glossary

4 Glossary
AC Alternating Current

AMI Analog Measured value Input

ASO Analog Setpoint command Output

BSI Bit String Input

CA Certificate Authority

CMU Communication and Data Processing Unit

CSC Command Supervision Channel

DC Direct Current

DCO Double Command Output

DMI Digital Measured value Input (8, 16 bit)

DPI Double Point Input

DSO Digital Setpoint command Output (8, 16 bit)

FDR File transfer directory

FSO Floating Setpoint Command Output

HCI Host Communication Interface

HMI Human Maschine Interface (here Integrated HMI function of the

RTU500 series)

HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

IOC I/O Controller (Controller on I/O Board)

ITI Integrated Totals Input

LED Light Emitting Diode

Max Maximum

MFI Analog Measured value Floating Input

Min Minimum

ms Millisecond

NCC Network Control Center

PDP Process Data Processing

PLC Programmable Logic Control

RCO Regulation step Command Output

RTU Remote Terminal Unit

SCADA Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition

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 Glossary

SCO Single Command Output

SEV System Event

SOC Strobe Output Channel

SPI Single Point Input or Single point information

STI Step position Input

TDC Transparent Data Communication

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 Note:

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