Pure and Conditional Obligations

ARTICLE 1179 –
PURE OBLIGATIONS – is one w/o a term or condition and is demandable at once.
Pwede mag demand si creditor ng fulfilment of the obligation from the debtor.
Example: Nangako si Kyla kay Cara ng bagong laptop (dahil walang condition/period)
Demandable at once, pwedeng idemand agad ni Cara kay Kyla yung bagong laptop.
Obligation: To deliver a brand new laptop

EXAMPLE #2 : Nangako ako na bibigyan ko si Nicole ng P1,OOO

Since walang condition, pwedeng magdemand si Nicole na ibigay ko na sakanya yung 1k

CONDITIONAL OBLIGATIONS – obligation with a condition

Example: Nangako si Kyla kay Cara ng bagong phone kung makapasa si Cara sa kanyang exam.
To give a brand new laptop – Obligation //// Makapsa sa exam – Condition
Wala pang obligation na ibigay yung phone pero kung bnakapsa si cara sa exam, magkakaroon si kyla ng
obligation which is ibibigay yung phone

ARTICLE 1180 –
Articke 1181 –
TYPES OF CONDITIONS
1. SUSPENSIVE – conditions that cause the birth of the obligation
- Magiging effective ang condition from the moment na yung condition ay nameet or nag take
effect. Kung hindi, di magkakaroon ng obligation.
-
- - condition na kapag nangyare, magkakaroon ng obligation si debtor
- Hindi pwede mag demand si creditor hanggat di pa nangyayare ang condition

Example of suspensive:

>My mother promises to give ate a condo unit if she passes the board exam.

Yung oblig ay hindi demandable at once, magiging demandable sya kapag napasa na ni ate Yung
board exam
>Kunware pi, Yung Isang company, nag offer po sakin ng employment, nung 1st ng September. Tapos
sinabi ng company na ayusin at isubmit Yung proof ng qualifications ko by the end of September. Kapag
hindi ko naisubmit iyon, Yung employment offer sakin ay automatically null and void, na aprang walang
offer na nangyare.

2. RESOLUTARY – conditions that cause the extinguishment of the obligation

- May nag eexist na na obligation, means effective na.

Example:

Kuya ian promises to pension ate ng 5k per month until the latter she passes her board exam. May
oblig na nangyayare, ibig sabihin kapag nakapasa si ate sa board exam, Yung obligation ni kuya ian
na magbigay ng 5k ay tapos na
Nung 1st of December, nagkaroon ng valid employment contract. Yung kontrata na yon ay
naglalaman na kung Yung employee ay nag commit ng crime, Yung employment contract ay
magiging void agad. Kahit na may valid na contract, pwede akong paalisin sa kompanya kung
nagawa ko unh krimen on the basis na Yung contract became void.

Obligation with a period/term – length of time that determines the effectivity of obligation// future
and certain // condition- future and uncertain
Day certain – example death of a person
Example: I will give you a car when Maria dies
Example:
>Aye is obliged to give his laptop to Lara on December 1,2022
On dec 1, pwede na magdemand si lar ana kuhanin na ang laptop
> I will give you a car on Dec. 25, 2022
>On August 29, 2022, Cara allowed Kyla to use her laptop until December 15, 2022
On dec 15, 2022, kelangan na ibalik ni kyla kay cara ang laptop.
 Bibigyan kita ng 1,000 pesos a month until Dec. 31

Ang creditor ay hindi maaaring mag demand ng pagbayad bago dumating ang period na
napagkasunduan nila
Si debtor ayhindi maaaring magdemand na tanggapin ang pagbabayadbefore the agreed period.
EXAMPLE:
Irish issues a promissory note to Diana demandable on December 25 2020,
Irish cannot insist on prepayment – na babayaran nya na kahit di pa naman dumadating ang dec 25
at si Diana, hindi pwede magdemand na dapat bayaran na prior to dec 25.

If the period is for the benefit of the CREDITOR ONLY

 Creditor can demand performace at any time, on the other hand, si debtor ay di maaaring
pilitin sya na magbayad o tanggapin ang bayad before the period expires.
 >Debtor cannot insist on prepayment
 Example: payment for interest ; kasi kapag nag prepaymen, liliit yung interest na
matatanggap nila.

If the period is for the benefit of the DEBTOR ONLY

 Debtor can oppose a premature demand for payment pero pwede sya magbayad on or before
the period expires; so si debtor di pwedeng magpilit na magbayad ng mas maaga pero pwede
sya magbayad ng mas maaga sa napagkasunduan

 Example: Kyla binds herself to pay Cara on Dec 25, 2020

 Kyla obliged herself to pay Cara “within 2 years” – benefit of debtor, Kyla can pay before the
end of 2 years but eh cannot be compelled by Cara to pay before the 2 year priod

 If Kyla binds herself to pay Cara on demand – benefit of creditor, beacsue the word on
demand; meaning pwede magdemand si Cara ng payment

ALTERNATIVE
- Allen promises me to deliver his car, or his ring, or his house on dec 25.
- Allen does not have to give all of those 3 things, kahit isa lang as tatlo, to satisfy the
obligation, maeextinguised na kasi na fulfilled na
- > di pwedeng part lang, the creditor cannot be compelled to received part of one
Right of Choice – belongs to the debtor unless it has been expressly granted to the creditor.
Sa alternative, isa lang ang ibibigay and it will satisfy the obligation
Debtor ang magdedecide pero pwede rin si creditor kapag yun ang napagusapan nila
- Example; Allen promises me to deliver his car, or his ring, or his house on dec 25.
Walang nakalagay kung sino ang may right of choice, pero ang gusto ko ay yung house, so
nagdedemand ako na ibigay yung bahay. \hindi pwede, it is not me na given the right of choice kundi
si allen dahil wala nakalagy kung sino ang may right of choice. So automatic, si allen ang may right
of choice.
 - Allen promises me to deliver his car, or his ring, or his house, 1 kl shabu or satrs in the sky
on dec 25. ; di pwede piliiin ni debtor na ibigy yung 1 kl ng shabu dahil ito ay unlawdul, or
kaya naman sa stars in the sky dahil ito ay impossible.

LOSS/ IMPOSSIBILITY
EXAMPLE: Allen obliged himself to deliver to Shane a 3 options, if all objects were lost dahil sa
kapabayaan ni Allen, the value of the last thing that lost must be given to Shane
Allen obliged himself to deliver to Shane a 3 options, if 1&2 objects were lost dahil sa fortuitous
event, tas obj 3 was destroyed by fault of Allen, allen is liable
Kapag baliktad, 1&2 destroyed, 1 futuitous,

FACULTATIVE – iinform ahead, na yung substitute ang ibibigay nya.

JOINT – To each his own; kung ano lang ang share or part, yun lang right or ovligation nya
EXAMPOLE: Ian ang Arianne are joint debtors of Beauty to an amount of 1 Million, so beauty can
demand only from arianne 500,000 pesos and 500,00 kay ian
 Ian ang Arianne are joint debtors of Louis, bella, popay and Impyang. Who are joint creditors
to an amount of 1k;
- Si louis may demand only 125 pesos kay pogi, anf 125 pesos also from ganda, may parehong
right din sina bella sa debt of louis dahil joint nga sila, meaning to each his won, apat sila
maghahati, 250 each sila

SOLIDARY – One for all, all for one; each of nthe creditor may demand fulfillement of the whole
obligation.
EXAmple: ian and arianne are solidary debtors of Beauty to an amount of 1m pesos
So, si beauty pwede mag demand either kay ian or arianne ng 1m pesos, kaya kung nagdemand ang
beaut kay ian, babayaran ni ian ng buo Pero Pwede mag ask si ian ng imbursement kay arianne in an
amount of 500,000, ///share lang ni ganda
Example #2: Pogi and Ganda are solidary debtors of Louis, bella, popay, and impyang who are
SOLIDARY creditors to an amount of 1m pesos
Kung sinong debtor ang nagbayad, may right na magclaim ng reimbursement, tas kung sino man sa
creditors ang mag demand ng full payment, halimabwa si louis, sya ay may obligation to give bella,
popay, and impyang 250,00 epsos
OBLIGATION WITH A PENAL CLAUSE
Penal Clause – accessory undertaking para magkaroon ng mas malaking liability in case of breach.
Its purpose is to ensure performance; punished the debtor for the non-fulfillment of his obligation.
EXAMPLE: Hans promise to construct the house of Chloe within 90 days for One Million Pesos;
Sa contact na yon, may provision na “For every day’s delay after stipulated 90 days, Hans would pay
a fine or penalty of P10,000 – example of a penal clause,
If natapos yung pag construct ng bahay after 95 days, sumobra ng five days sa napag usapan,
kayamagbabayarad ng penalty si Hans worth 50, 000 pesos;
To ensure performace, para matapos at magsumikap na matapos agad ni hans ang construction ang
bahay ni Chloe