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    Form II Biology Note Part 5

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    gayathmiperera
    There are three types of blood vessels - arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs and have thick, elastic walls. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have thinner walls with valves. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where nutrients and oxygen exchange between blood and tissues. The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system in two circuits - the pulmonary circuit oxygenates blood in the lungs, and the systemic circuit transports oxygenated blood to the entire body from the heart through arteries before returning via veins.

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    Form II Biology Note Part 5

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    gayathmiperera
    28 views3 pages
    There are three types of blood vessels - arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs and have thick, elastic walls. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have thinner walls with valves. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where nutrients and oxygen exchange between blood and tissues. The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system in two circuits - the pulmonary circuit oxygenates blood in the lungs, and the systemic circuit transports oxygenated blood to the entire body from the heart through arteries before returning via veins.

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    Form II Biology Note part 5

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    There are three types of blood vessels - arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs and have thick, elastic walls. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have thinner walls with valves. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where nutrients and oxygen exchange between blood and tissues. The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system in two circuits - the pulmonary circuit oxygenates blood in the lungs, and the systemic circuit transports oxygenated blood to the entire body from the heart through arteries before returning via veins.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views3 pages

    Form II Biology Note Part 5

    Uploaded by

    gayathmiperera
    There are three types of blood vessels - arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs and have thick, elastic walls. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have thinner walls with valves. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where nutrients and oxygen exchange between blood and tissues. The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system in two circuits - the pulmonary circuit oxygenates blood in the lungs, and the systemic circuit transports oxygenated blood to the entire body from the heart through arteries before returning via veins.

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    Form II Biology Note - part 5

    Blood Vessels
     There are three types of blood vessels. They are,
    1. Arteries
    2. Veins
    3. Capillaries

    1. Arteries
     These are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
     Blood pressure in the arteries is very high.
     Walls are thick and elastic.
     The wall stretch and shrink when blood moves by.
     No valves present.

    2. Veins

     These are the blood vessels that bring blood towards the heart.
     Blood is not under high pressure.
     Walls are thin.
     Contain valves that stop the blood flowing backwards.
    3. Capillaries

     When an artery reaches an organ, it splits into smaller and smaller vessels.
     These smallest blood vessels are called capillaries.
     Wall is one cell thick.
     Low blood pressure inside.
     At the place where blood leaves an organ, the capillaries join to form larger and larger
    vessels and eventually they form veins.

    Wall with one cell thickness

    The Heart

     Blood is moved around the body by the pumping action of the heart.

     Heart has two halves. Right side receives deoxygenated blood from the body and left
    side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

     Each side of the heart has two chambers. The upper chambers are called atria and
    the lower chambers are called ventricles.
     Deoxygenated blood collected from the body cells are coming through veins
    and filled into the atria. It passes from atria into the lower chambers, ventricles.

     When the ventricles filled up, the muscular wall of the ventricles start contracting.

     When the ventricles contract, the deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle enters
    into the pulmonary artery through the valves between the ventricles and the pulmonary
    artery.

     Pulmonary artery takes this deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

     In the lungs, the deoxygenated blood is added with oxygen and oxygenated.

     Then oxygenated blood travels back to the left atrium of the heart, through the blood
    vessels called pulmonary veins.

     When left atrium is full, blood passes into left ventricle. When the left ventricle is full
    it starts contracting.
     Oxygenated blood will then enter into aorta (the main artery from heart) through the
    valve between aorta and left ventricle.

     Aorta will further branch and supply blood to all the organs in the body. When the
    blood reaches the organs it enters into capillaries and oxygen will move from blood to the
    cells of the organ.

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