CHN Module

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COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

 the utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele


 concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability
and rehabilitation.” ( Maglaya, et al)

It is a learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of contributing to


the promotion of the client’s OLOF(Optimum Level of Functioning) through
teaching and delivery of care
 Service rendered by a professional for the promotion of health,
prevention of illness and care of the sick and rehabilitation.

Goal of CHN
“To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with
the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximize their
potential for high-level wellness” ( Nisce, et al)
Public Health
 C.E. Winslow
 Science and art of preventing disease, promoting health and efficiency
through organized community effort to insure everyone a standard of
living adequate for the maintenance of health as to enable every
citizen to realize his birthright of health and longevity

Mission of CHN
 Health Promotion
 Health Protection
 Health Balance
 Disease prevention
 Social Justice
Philosophy of CHN
 “The philosophy of CHN is based on the worth and dignity on the worth and
dignity of man.”(Dr. M. Shetland)

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING


 1. Community Health Nursing is based on the recognized needs of
communities, families, groups and individuals.
 2. The Community Health Nurse must fully understand the objectives and
policies of the agencies she represents.
 3. In Community Health Nursing, the family is the unit of service.
 4. Community Health Nurse must be available to all.
 5. Health teaching is the PRIMARY responsibility of the Community Health
Nurse
 6. Community Health Nursing is based on the recognized needs of
communities, families, groups and individuals.
 7. The Community Health Nurse must fully understand the objectives and
policies of the agencies she represents.
 8. In Community Health Nursing, the family is the unit of service.
 9. Community Health Nursing is based on the recognized needs of
communities, families, groups and individuals.
 10. The Community Health Nurse must fully understand the objectives and
policies of the agencies she represents.
 11. In Community Health Nursing, the family is the unit of service

Basic Principles of CHN


 The community is the patient in CHN, the family is the unit of care and there
are four levels of clientele: individual, family, population group (those who
share common characteristics, developmental stages and common exposure
to health problems – e.g. children, elderly), and the community.
 In CHN, the client is considered as an ACTIVE partner NOT
PASSIVE recipient of care
 CHN practice is affected by developments in health technology changes in
society, in general
 The goal of CHN is achieved through multi-sectoral efforts
 CHN is a part of health care system and the larger human services system.

Concepts of CHN

 Focuses on health promotion


 Benefits the individual, family and community
 Generalist
 Knowledge and application is current
 Includes all ages, all types of care and may continue over long period of
time.
 Utilizes the nursing process

Roles of the PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE


 Clinician, 
 Health Educator, 
 Facilitator, 
 Supervisor, 
 Health Advocator/Advocator, 
 Collaborator, 
 If the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) is unable to perform his
duties/functions or is not available, the Public Health Nurse will take charge
of the MHO’s responsibilities.

Roles of the PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE


 Clinician, who is a health care provider, taking care of the sick people at
home or in the RHU
 Health Educator, who aims towards health promotion and illness prevention
through dissemination of correct information, educating people
 Facilitator, who establishes multi-sectoral linkages by referral system
 Supervisor, who monitors and supervises the performance of midwives
 Health Advocator, who speaks on behalf of the client
 Advocator, who act on behalf of the client
 Collaborator, who working with other health team member

 OBJECTIVES
 Develops, implements, and evaluate the overall health plan
 Provide quality services
 Linkages of services
 Provision of health education
 Research

PRINCIPLES – PRINCIPLERS
 P – Pro people
 R – Responsibility of the CHN – Health teaching
 I – Institutional Objectives and policies
 N – Needs felt be recognized as basis of provision of health
 C – Community Resources
 I – Integrated member
 P – Program of continuing Education
 L – Local community Organizations
 E- Evaluation
 R – Recording and Reporting
 S – Supervision - Educative

Philippine Health Care Delivery System


Changes:
 Shifts in democratic and epidemiological trends in diseases
 New technologies for health care, communication and information
 Existing and emerging environmental hazards
 Health reforms

PCDHS – Roles and Functions

 Leadership in health
 Formulates, monitors and evaluate national health policies, plans and
programs
 Enabler and capacity builder
 Innovates new strategies to improve effectiveness of health
 Administrator of specific services
 Manage selected national health facilities ad hospitals
 Administer direct services
 Administer health emergency response services

FOURMULA ONE FOR HEALTH


 Implementation framework for health sector reforms
 Intends to implement critical interventions as a single package backed by
effective management infrastructure and financing arrangement on a sector-
wide approach

Goals:
 1. Better outcomes
 2. more responsive health systems
 3. Equitable health care financing

Department of Health (DOH) Philippines


VISION
Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by
2040
 
MISSION
To lead the country in the development of a productive, resilient, equitable and
people-centered health system for Universal Health Care
Basic Principles to Achieve Improvement in Health
 Universal access to basic health services must be ensured.
 The health and nutrition of vulnerable groups must be prioritized.
 The epidemiological shift from infection to degenerative diseases must be
managed.
 The performance of the health sector must be enhanced.

Primary Strategies to Achieve Goals


 Increasing investment for Primary Health Care.
 Development of national standards and objectives for health.
 Assurance of health care.
 Support to the local system development.
 Support for frontline health workers.

Primary Health Care

 Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and society


acceptable methods and technologies made universally accessible to
individual and family in the community through their full participation, and
at a cost that community can afford to maintain at every stage of their
development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination

Historical Background
 September 12-16, 1978
 First world conference by WHO
 Alma Ata Russia USSR
 Reasons
 Best method to alleviate poverty
 For depressed and underserved community

 PHC is the key

 Letter of Instruction No. 946


President Ferdinand Marcos
 Reinforcing and providing the provision of this PHC declaring it to be
implemented here in the PhilippinesLetter of Instruction No. 946
 President Ferdinand Marcos
 Reinforcing and providing the provision of this PHC declaring it to be
implemented here in the Philippines
 Letter of Instruction No. 946
 President Ferdinand Marcos
 Reinforcing and providing the provision of this PHC declaring it to be
implemented here in the Philippines

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE


Goal –
 “Health for all by the year 2000 and Health in the hands of the people
by the year 2020”
 Strategy and approach to community development
 Provision of essential health care to the people
 Geared towards self-reliance

Principles/Strategies of PHC
 Accessibility, acceptability, availability, affordability of health services
 Health services must be delivered where the people are
 Mobilization of people to know their communities and identify health needs
 Development and utilization of appropriate technology

Community Participation
 Awareness building and consciousness raising on health and health
related issues
 Planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation done through
small group meetings
 Selection of CHW by the community
 Community building and community organizing
 Health committees
 Health campaign and mobilization to combat health problem
 Establishment of CHO at the municipal level

Decentralization
 Re-allocation o budgetary resources
 Re-orientation of health professional on PHC
 Advocacy for political will and support from the national leadership
down to the barangay level
Provision of quality, basic ad essential health services

 Effective preparation and enabling process for health action at all levels
 Training design and curriculum based on community needs and
priorities
 Attitudes, knowledge and skill developed are promotive, preventive,
curative and rehabilitative health care
 Regular monitoring and periodic evaluation of CHW,, performances
of community and health staff

 Recognition of Interrelationship between health and development


 Convergence o health, food, nutrition, water, sanitation and
population services
 Integration of PHC into atonal, regional, provincial, municipal,
barangay health plan
 Coordination of activities with economic planning, education,
agriculture,, industry, housing, public works, communication, and
social services

Self-reliance
 Community generates support for health programs
 Use of local resources
 Training of community in leadership and management skills
 Incorporating IGP, cooperatives and small scale industries

Social Mobilization
 Establishment of an effective health referral system
 Multisectoral and interdisciplinary linkages
 Information, education, and communication support media
 Collaboration between GOs and NGOs

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