Preventing and Treating Bronchitis H

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Accessible version: https://www.cdc.gov/anibiotic-use/bronchitis.

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Preventing and Treating Bronchitis


Cough keeping you up at night? Soreness in your chest
and feeling tired? You could have acute bronchitis, but
be aware: an antibiotic will not help you get better.

What is Acute Bronchitis?


Bronchitis occurs when the airways of the lungs swell and
produce mucus. That’s what makes you cough. Acute
bronchitis, often called a “chest cold,” is the most com-
mon type of bronchitis. The symptoms last less than 3
weeks. If you’re a healthy person without underlying heart
or lung problems or a weakened immune system, this
information is for you. BRONCHITIS NORMAL

Symptoms
◆ Coughing with or without mucus production
◆ Soreness in the chest
◆ Fatigue (feeling tired)
◆ Mild headache
◆ Mild body aches
◆ Watery eyes
◆ Sore throat
Causes
◆ Abycute bronchitis is usually caused
a virus and often occurs after
an upper respiratory infection.
◆ Bbutacteria can sometimes cause acute bronchitis,
even in these cases antibiotics are NOT
recommended and will not help you get better.

When to Seek Medical Care


See a healthcare professional if you or your child have any of the following:
◆ Temperature of 100.4°F or higher
◆ Cough with bloody mucus
◆ Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
◆ Symptoms that last more than 3 weeks
◆ Repeated episodes of bronchitis

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Treatment
Acute bronchitis usually gets better on its own—without antibiotics. Antibiotics won’t help
you get better if you have acute bronchitis.
When antibiotics aren’t needed, they won’t help you, and the side effects could still cause
harm. Side effects can range from minor issues, like a rash, to very serious health problems,
such as antibiotic-resistant infections and C. diff infection, which causes diarrhea that can
lead to severe colon damage and death.
If you have whooping cough (pertussis) or pneumonia, which can have similar symptoms to
acute bronchitis, your doctor will most likely prescribe antibiotics.

How to Feel Better


◆ Get plenty of rest.
◆ Drink plenty of fluids.
◆ Use a clean humidifier, cool mist vaporizer, or saline nose drops to relieve a stuffy nose.
» For young children, use a rubber suction bulb to clear mucus.
◆ Breathe in steam from a bowl of hot water or shower.
◆ Suck on lozenges. Do not give lozenges to children younger than 4 years old.
◆ Use honey to relieve cough for persons at least 1 year old.
◆ better.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist about over-the-counter medicines that can help you feel
Always use over-the-counter medicines as directed. Remember, over-the-counter
medicines may provide temporary relief of symptoms, but they will not cure your illness.

Remember, always use over-the-counter medicines as directed. Be careful about giving


over-the-counter medicines to children. Not all over-the-counter medicines are
recommended for children of certain ages.
◆ Pain relievers:
» Children younger than 6 months: only give acetaminophen.
» Children 6 months or older: it is OK to give acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
» Never give aspirin to children because it can cause Reye’s syndrome, a rare but very
serious illness that harms the liver and brain.

◆ Cough and cold medicines:


» Children younger than 4 years old: do not use unless a doctor specifically tells you to.
Use of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines in young children can result
in serious and potentially life-threatening side effects.
» Children 4 years or older: discuss with your child’s doctor if over-the-counter cough
and cold medicines are safe to give to your child for temporary symptom relief.

Prevention
◆ Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use a hand
sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
◆ Make sure you and your child are up-to-date with all recommended vaccines.
◆ Don’t smoke and avoid secondhand smoke, chemicals, dust, or air pollution.
◆ Always cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
◆ Keep your distance from others when you are sick, if possible.
Antibiotics will not treat acute bronchitis. Using antibiotics when not needed could do
more harm than good.

To learn more about antibiotic prescribing and use, visit www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use.

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