METHODS OF

SOCIAL WORK
JHEAN ALYZZAH S. RUETE
 FOUR MAJOR CASEWORK
PROCESSES OR
TECHNIQUES IDENTIFIED BY
Hollis (1949,1964)
SOCIAL CASEWORK
-a helping process that consists of a variety of
A. ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATION
activities that may include the giving of material
-the steps taken by a casework to change
assistance, referrals to other community facilities, the environment in the client's favor through
rendering emotional and psychological support the direct action of the worker. B. PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT
through sensitive listening, expressions of
acceptance and reassurance. (as cited in Mendoza
-this is demonstrated through the
2002, 607)
caseworker's acceptance, confidence,
and interest in the client by way of
it helps in terms of making a suggestions
motivating the client to freely express
appropriately advising
her/his feelings and thoughts
setting limits
encouraging the individual to express or C. CLARIFICATION
suppress the feelings
encouraging in terms of planning -directed toward increasing the
assist to narrate and examine the situation ego's ability to see external realities D. INSIGHT DEVELOPMENT
working out a consideration more clearly to understand the - where current and past experiences
better understanding of the causal connections client's own feelings and behavior. must be re-lived in a therapeutic
between the attitudes and mode of adjustment atmosphere in order to bring
irrationalities clearly into
with past experiences the surface and they can be

recognized from the safety of the

treatment situation to the real life later
on.
 SOCIAL GROUP WORK
-method through which group life is affected by a worker
who consciously guides the interaction process toward
the accomplishment of goals which are conceived in a
democratic frame of reference (Wilson & Ryland, 1949 as
cited in Mendoza 2002,609)

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 COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
-a process by which a community identifies its needs or objectives; orders
(or ranks) these needs or objectives; finds the internal or external resources
to deal with those needs or objectives, and takes actions in respect to them;
and in so doing extends and develops cooperative and collaborative
attitudes and practices in the community (Ross, M. 1955 as cited in
Mendoza 2002, 610)

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 DUNHAM (1970)
-described this as a
conscious process of
B.
social interaction and a
-assisting people in effectively
A. method of social work
dealing with their problems by
concerned with the
-meeting of broad needs and helping them develop,
following; strengthen, and maintain
bringing about and maintaining
adjustment between needs and qualities of participation, self-
resources in a community or direction, and cooperation
other area

C.
-bringing changes in
community and group
relationships and in the
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making power
 COX ET AL. (1979)
-PRESENTED THREE
MODELS OF
COMMUNITY
ORGANIZATION B.
A. PRACTICE
-community
-locality development planning

C.
-social action
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 MENDOZA (2002)

THE SECONDARY SOCIAL WORK

METHODS ARE ALSO CALLED
AS THE AUXILIARY METHODS
 SOCIAL ACTION / SOCIAL REFORM
-an organized effort with the aim of securing social progress and solving
mass social problems by influencing legislation or the administration of
social services. This involves public pressure by public opinion through
information or educational publicity in newspapers, pamphlets, lectures,
radio broadcasts, television, or public meetings. A concrete form of social
action is the promotion of social legislation by pressure upon the legislators.
This involves social research in order to present a more reliable and objective
facts about certain issues and prepares a plan for social legislation.
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 SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH
-involves a critical inquiry and the scientific testing of
the validity of social work organization, function, and
methods in order to verify, generalize, and extend social
work knowledge and skill.

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 SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION
-is the administration of public and private social
agencies designed and organized to achieve the
full effect of the services for which they have
been established. Management of social agencies
is oriented to aid people more efficiently

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 A. PLANNING
FRIEDLANDER (1955) -the process of envisioning the future
structure and operation of the social agency
including the determination and clarification

explains the functions of the agency's objectives, functions, and

policies to be pursued
B. ORGANIZING
-provides the administrative structure of
of social welfare the agency and determines the functions
of the "group of ultimate control", such

administration. These as the members of a private family

welfare agency, of the "governing board,"
of the executive and of the staff
are categorized into
C. STAFFING
seven functions. -refers to the human resources or
personnel administration, which includes
the realization of the agency's tenure, D. DIRECTING
salaries, vacations, and working
conditions, and the evaluation of the -the function of the executive
performance of the members of the involving the responsibility for
staff to ensure efficient service and fair final decisions and for the
treatment supervision of the
administrative process of the
agency
 F. REPORTING
E. COORDINATION -this is the administrative function of
-the distinct determination of each rendering to the governing board, to
the membership or legislative body,
staff member's assignment and the
and to the public an account of the
establishment of lines of agency's work. This requires a system
responsibility and authority of recording and accounting, statistics,
and research upon which the reports
are based.

G. BUDGETING
-this is the mobilization, disbursement, and
control of the financial resources of the
agency. This also involves the setting up of
proper accounts, fiscal records, and controls to
guarantee that the received money is spent
wisely and in accordance with the policies and
rules governing the agency
THANK YOU!