Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2015 Certified

LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN OF POLICEWOMEN; A

PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
Philippine National Police Academy

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Public Safety

1C GILLIAN T TORLAO
1C ELLINE P ANONUEVO
1C BERYLLE I DACUDAO
1C JOHN PAUL A LABTIC

September 2022

i
 Republic of the Philippines
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2015 Certified

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled, “LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN OF

POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY” prepared and submitted
by Cdt 1C Gillian T Torlao, Cdt 1C Elline P Anonuevo, Cdt 1C Berylle I
Dacudao and Cdt 1C John Paul A Labtic in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Public Safety, is hereby
recommended for oral examination.

DR. JEZAMINE R. DE LEON, MPSA, RPSY, RGC, RPM

Adviser

Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Science in Public Safety, with a grade of ______.

________________________
Chairman

_______________________ _______________________
Member Member

Accepted as partial fulfillment for the degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

IN PUBLIC SAFETY.

PCOL ARNOLD PERALTA ARDIENTE

Dean of Academics

December 2022

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

ABSTRACT

“Lived Experiences of Children Of Policewomen;

A Phenomenological Study”

Cdt 1C Gillian T Torlao,

Cdt 1C Elline P Anonuevo,
Cdt 1C Berylle I Dacudao
Cdt 1C John Paul A Labtic
Philippine National Police Academy
dacudaobi2023@gmail.com

Policewomen also encounter difficulties at their home especially in raising

their children, which includes not going home for their child at certain times due
to work, challenges raising their child physically, emotionally, and financially due
to nature of work and the risks it comes along with. This prompted the
researchers to conduct a study about lived experiences of children whose
mothers are police officers. This research utilized qualitative design and used
phenomenological approach. The researchers conducted interview on ten
selected respondents whose mother is a police officer. According to the research
study conducted, being a child of a policewoman has both benefits and
drawbacks. The lived experiences of the respondents were determined by
adaptive, positive, and negative experiences influenced by personal related
factors. Most of the respondents developed good viewpoints on their mother’s
despite the lack of time and attention due to nature of work. Furthermore, the
researchers showed the insights of the participants on their experiences that they
gained high self-efficacy becoming public safety officers, they became productive
and independent and they developed empathy and valued time. This research
study served as proof that despite the nature of work of police mothers, this does
not hinder good development of character and attitude towards their mothers and
life itself.

Keywords: Lived Experiences, policewomen, benefits, challenges, child

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

As we express our gratitude, we must never forget that the highest

appreciation is not to utter words, but to live by them.

-John F. Kennedy

The researchers are thankful to those who guided and enlightened them

to finish the research.

PBGEN ERIC E. NOBLE, Director of Philippine National Police Academy,

for an excellent institution and educational curriculum for the researchers and the

cadets.

PBGEN ANGELES B. GENORGA, Chairman of the Panel of Examiners

and Dean of the College of Criminology, for giving the researchers words of

encouragement, for teaching the researchers not to give up and for the

suggestions to improve the study.

PROF. JESAMINE DE LEON, Professor and Thesis adviser for

lending her references to the researchers, which greatly helped the study.

For the suggestions, corrections of errors and grammars and encouraging

words which prompted the researchers to finish this research. For her

patience, effort, kindness, suggestions, comments and teachings that she

has given to the researchers that helped in pointing out the flaws despite of

her busyness just to improve this study.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

THE PARTICIPANTS, for cooperating very-well in the study. For

helping the researchers to know their lived experiences, their challenges

and the possible solutions that can be given.

FAMILY OF THE RESEARCHERS, for giving their full support on

this study, and for giving them guidance and patience in their child’s

everyday life as a cadet.

And especially to THE HEAVENLY FATHER who encouraged the

researchers not to give up despite of challenges, struggles and difficulties

they had encountered, for the strength and patience during the sleepless

nights and for fulfilling the wish to finish the research.

G.T.T
E.P.A
B.I.D
J.P.A.L

Title Page

INTRODUCTION i
Table of Contents

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

APPROVAL SHEET.......................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT...................................................................................vi
LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................viii
LIST OF FIGURES.........................................................................................x

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND...........................................................1

In this study, there are two theories that will be used. The Object
relationship theory and the Attachment theory. Object-relationship theory
focuses on internal relationships with others. On this theory, our lifelong
relationship skills are deeply rooted in our early bonds with our parents,
especially our mothers. Object refers to a person or physical object that
symbolically represents a person or part of a person. Object relationships
are therefore internalized relationships with these people. (Fritscher, 2020) 3
According to object-relationship theory, the way mothers and babies interact
plays an important role in infant growth and development. With adequate or
"good enough" care, children can develop their true selves, the creative and
spontaneous part of the child. If care is not adequate, the child will create a
false self or an ego that lives up to the needs of others and is based on
respecting the expectations of others, rather than the child's true self.
Object-relationship theory argues that a problem with any of these
significant experiences can cause problems in developing healthy
relationships later in life. (Fritscher, 2020).....................................................3
According to attachment theory, secure attachment stems from a child's
appreciation for the availability of his mother. Availability implies that the
mother is accessible to the child. Bowlby characterized lack of accessibility
as separation or loss, depending on whether it is temporary or permanent in
the wild (Bowlby, 1973). While Bowlby emphasized the importance of
maternal physical accessibility. Ainsworth clarified two other aspects of
availability that are important for infant attachment. First, the child must form
a belief that the lines of communication with their mother are open, and
second, the child must believe that their mother will respond if called for
help. As securely attached children grow up, they are better able to tolerate
being away from their mothers because they can still communicate with
their mothers and because they look forward to the comforts of being
reunited...........................................................................................................4
Early separation from caregivers may have negative consequences on
children's wellbeing, according to previous research using clinical samples
(Bowlby, 1969/1982, 1973; Rutter, 1987). Children reared in facilities with
limited opportunities to engage with kind and understanding people, in
particular, have been proven to have serious issues with their
socioemotional development (Tizard & Hodges, 1978; Zeanah et al., 2005).

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Research on the consequences of foster care has also revealed that,

especially if the foster caregivers are new to the child, maltreated children
who are placed in foster care frequently have higher levels of problem
behaviors than children who were not taken from their parents' care. The
most widely accepted explanation for these results is that disruptions to the
parent-child bond are so upsetting to children, even those who have
experienced parental abuse, that they have mild to severe negative
socioemotional effects (Lawrence, Carlson, & Egeland, 2006).....................4
Insecure/disorganized connection and consequent mental health issues
have also been directly connected to early separation. In a study of
preschool children in French Canada, those who went from having a secure
attachment to having an insecure or disorganized connection were more
likely to have lost a parent or grandparent or to have had their parents
hospitalized in between examinations (Moss, Cyr, Bureau, Tarabulsy, &
Dubois-Comtois, 2005). Additionally, prolonged separations of a month or
longer before the age of five have been associated with an increase in
borderline personality disorder symptoms in adolescence and adulthood
(Crawford, Cohen, Chen, Anglin, & Ehrensaft, 2009)....................................5
Separations may be seen as a sign of family instability in addition to the
effects they may have on the child-mother relationship. When a kid is
separated from his or her mother early in life, other components of the
home environment may become unstable and chaotic. Young children who
live in homes that are chaotic—both in terms of daily routines and the
physical space itself—are more likely to experience emotional discomfort
and have inferior cognitive abilities (for reviews see Brooks-Gunn, Johnson,
& Leventhal, 2010; Evans, 2006). Children appear to be better at self-
regulating in circumstances that are more predictable (i.e., regulated), which
has advantages for both socioemotional and intellectual ability (Evans,
2006). An early mother and child separation may be perceived in this
setting as an unanticipated disturbance of everyday family routine. It can
also indicate a home that is prone to disorder on a regular basis.................5
Conceptual Framework..................................................................................7
Statement of the Problem...............................................................................8

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES......................................12

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 21

Research Design................ The central purpose of this study is to better

understand the lived experience of women who are mothers and police
officers. To gain this understanding, the researchers will use a qualitative
research design. Conducting and audio recording interviews with ten (10)
participants whose mothers are policewomen who are willing to share their

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

experience having mothers in the law enforcement field by listening deeply

and attentively to what they were saying. Gathering these in-depth, thick
descriptions allowed the researchers to gain a holistic understanding of the
feelings, struggles, successes, pressures, and perceptions that children of
female officers are experiencing but that was not generally explored. Within
this qualitative design, the methodology that best fits the research questions
and central purpose of this study was a phenomenological approach........21
Instrumentation.............................................................................................24

CHAPTER IV 26

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA.................27

Table 6. Understanding that being a police is arduous job...........................27

Table 7. Respectable and Honorable Job........................................................29

Table 8. Inspired and Proud to Parent's Duty..................................................30

Table 9. Close Family Ties 32

Table 10. Learn to be independent through parent’s way of discipline........33

Table 11. Complicated Due to Time Deficit......................................................34

Table 12. Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence...........................................36

Table 13.Time and/or attention deficit for bonding and sense of danger due

to parent's duty as police 37

Table 14. Raised in Strict Parenting 39

Table 15. Growing up is Challenging due to the situation.............................40

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 16. Learned to be Independent 42

Table 17. No Attachment Issue, Learn to Live Independent and Responsible

44

Table 18. Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence...........................................45

Table 19. Difficult due to frequent Parental Absence to Render Duty..........47

Table 20. Positive perspective as child of policemom...................................48

Table 21. Support from Relatives and Peers...................................................50

Table 22. Taking it as Avenue for Character or Self Development................51

Table 23. With high self-efficacy becoming public safety officer..................51

Table 24. Productive and Living Independently..............................................53

Table 25. Inspired to Mother’s work 54

Table 26. Appreciation to Mother’s work.........................................................55

Table 27. Developed Empathy and to Value Time...........................................57

CHAPTER 5 58

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS..............................59

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

This study presented the summary of findings, the conclusions drawn and

recommendations offered by the study...........................................................59

Summary of Findings 59

This study focused on the lived experiences of children whose mothers are
police officers gathered from September 2022 to December 2022.
Specifically, the study identified the participants’ perception of their mother’s
job, the advantages and disadvantages, the challenges encountered, as
well as how they cope with the said challenges, and the insights gained
from having a police mother.........................................................................59

References 64

Appendix C..........................Letter of Request to the Respondents of the Study

......................................................................................................................70
CURRICULUM VITAE..................................................................................73

LIST OF TABLES

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table Title
Page

1 Profile of the Participants According to Age 22

2 22
Profile of the Participants According to Sex
3 Profile of the Participants According to Educational 22
Attainment
4 23
Profile of the Participants According to Civil Status
5 23
Profile of the Participants According to Religion
6 27
Understanding that being a police is arduous job
7 5
Respectable and Honorable Job
8 5
Inspired and Proud to Parent’s Duty
9 5
Close Family Ties
10 5
Learn to be independent through parent’s way of discipline
11 5
Complicated Due to Time Deficit
12 5
Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence
13 Time and/or attention deficit for bonding and sense of danger 5
due to parent’s duty as police
14 5
Raised in Strict Parenting
15 5
Growing up is Challenging due to the situation
16
Learned to be independent
17 No Attachment Issue, Learn to Live Independent and
Responsible
18
Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence
19
Difficult due to frequent parental absence to render duty
20
Positive Perspective as child of policemom
21
Support from Relatives and Peers

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

22
Taking it as Avenue for Character or Self Development
23
With high self-efficacy becoming public safety officer
24
Productive and Living Independently
25
Inspired to Mother’s Work
26
Appreciation to Mother’s Work
27
Developed Empathy and to Value Time

LIST OF FIGURES

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Figure Title
Page

1 Conceptual Framework of The Study 8

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Some studies say that policewomen also encounter difficulties at their

home especially in raising their children, which includes not going home for their

child at certain times due to work, how did they raise their child physically,

emotionally, and financially despite being busy for work, and the risk they take

especially in their line of work, their temper breakdown and post-traumatic stress

disorder, their transfers (going from one station to another assignment) and

others. However, there are little to no studies that shows how a children perceive

their mother’s work as a police officer and how it contributed to their growth as a

person and if they were experiencing difficulty so and so.

Women are becoming an important part of

society. At first, as history stipulates, their roles were few, they were only

homemakers, in some cases they were healers and guardians, playing many

roles such as pharmacists, nurses and Midwives. Generally, they just stay at

home. Today, women play an important role and are an integral part of the police

force. However, it did not happen without a lot of persistence. Historically, even

at the police academy, women were not treated equally. They had a lower target

for physical ability and were not allowed to chase cars or shoot shotguns, but

times have changed. With the advent of the law assessing women's talents and

abilities, some female police officers have taken legal action to be able to

participate in promotion exams. To date, of the approximately

220,200 Philippine National Police personnel, 10%, or approximately 22,000

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

women, have chosen careers that were once exclusively male-dominated.

Women in law enforcement bring a lot to the job, including different approaches

to conflict resolution. Women do not have the strength of men, but their

fearlessness, resourcefulness, and verbal flair make them well suited for the job.

Many male police officers can greatly benefit from the experience of female

police officers. Some women are now teaching self-defense in police academies,

as there is evidence that body size has nothing to do with being a successful

police officer. Police departments

have a difficult time retaining female officers, particularly mothers. Women leave

the police force at a higher rate during their childbearing and child-rearing years

than at any other point in their careers. Due to many of the additional

responsibilities that women generally bear at home, police work has been

recognized as a difficult career to maintain for most women versus men.

Furthermore, most women must navigate less-than-welcoming organizational

cultures and gender-biased policies, which add to the difficulties. There are

only few to no studies that had been conducted which describes how a children

of policewomen cope up with his/her everyday life and if he/she becomes

successful in his life. The researchers used the object-relationship and

attachment theory, which served as their reference and as their foundation to

their study. This prompted the researchers to conduct this research titled “Lived

Experiences of Children of Policewomen; A Phenomenological Study” because

of their curiousness to find out how a children of policewomen perceive the job of

their mother and if they encounter difficulties in their everyday living and how this

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

affects them and inspires them to develop for their future.

This study was conducted in Philippine National Police Academy, Camp

General Mariano N. Castañeda, Silang, Cavite. with ten (10) participants that are

children of policewomen who were interviewed regarding the topic and the

answers that were gathered and analyzed that came up with answers and

solutions to the problem which will form part of the Gender and Development

Program under the Republic Act 9710 or The Magna Carta of Women.

Theoretical Framework

In this study, there are two theories that will be used. The Object

relationship theory and the Attachment theory. Object-relationship theory focuses

on internal relationships with others. On this theory, our lifelong relationship skills

are deeply rooted in our early bonds with our parents, especially our mothers.

Object refers to a person or physical object that symbolically represents a person

or part of a person. Object relationships are therefore internalized relationships

with these people. (Fritscher, 2020)

According to object-relationship theory, the way mothers and babies

interact plays an important role in infant growth and development. With adequate

or "good enough" care, children can develop their true selves, the creative and

spontaneous part of the child. If care is not adequate, the child will create a false

self or an ego that lives up to the needs of others and is based on respecting the

expectations of others, rather than the child's true self. Object-relationship theory

3
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

argues that a problem with any of these significant experiences can cause

problems in developing healthy relationships later in life. (Fritscher, 2020)

According to attachment theory, secure attachment stems from a child's

appreciation for the availability of his mother. Availability implies that the mother

is accessible to the child. Bowlby characterized lack of accessibility as separation

or loss, depending on whether it is temporary or permanent in the wild (Bowlby,

1973). While Bowlby emphasized the importance of maternal physical

accessibility. Ainsworth clarified two other aspects of availability that are

important for infant attachment. First, the child must form a belief that the lines of

communication with their mother are open, and second, the child must believe

that their mother will respond if called for help. As securely attached children

grow up, they are better able to tolerate being away from their mothers because

they can still communicate with their mothers and because they look forward to

the comforts of being reunited.

Early separation from caregivers may have negative consequences on

children's wellbeing, according to previous research using clinical samples

(Bowlby, 1969/1982, 1973; Rutter, 1987). Children reared in facilities with limited

opportunities to engage with kind and understanding people, in particular, have

been proven to have serious issues with their socioemotional development

(Tizard & Hodges, 1978; Zeanah et al., 2005). Research on the consequences of

foster care has also revealed that, especially if the foster caregivers are new to

the child, maltreated children who are placed in foster care frequently have

higher levels of problem behaviors than children who were not taken from their

4
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

parents' care. The most widely accepted explanation for these results is that

disruptions to the parent-child bond are so upsetting to children, even those who

have experienced parental abuse, that they have mild to severe negative

socioemotional effects (Lawrence, Carlson, & Egeland, 2006).

Insecure/disorganized connection and consequent mental health issues

have also been directly connected to early separation. In a study of preschool

children in French Canada, those who went from having a secure attachment to

having an insecure or disorganized connection were more likely to have lost a

parent or grandparent or to have had their parents hospitalized in between

examinations (Moss, Cyr, Bureau, Tarabulsy, & Dubois-Comtois, 2005).

Additionally, prolonged separations of a month or longer before the age of five

have been associated with an increase in borderline personality disorder

symptoms in adolescence and adulthood (Crawford, Cohen, Chen, Anglin, &

Ehrensaft, 2009).

Separations may be seen as a sign of family instability in addition to the

effects they may have on the child-mother relationship. When a kid is separated

from his or her mother early in life, other components of the home environment

may become unstable and chaotic. Young children who live in homes that are

chaotic—both in terms of daily routines and the physical space itself—are more

likely to experience emotional discomfort and have inferior cognitive abilities (for

reviews see Brooks-Gunn, Johnson, & Leventhal, 2010; Evans, 2006). Children

appear to be better at self-regulating in circumstances that are more predictable

(i.e., regulated), which has advantages for both socioemotional and intellectual

5
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

ability (Evans, 2006). An early mother and child separation may be perceived in

this setting as an unanticipated disturbance of everyday family routine. It can also

indicate a home that is prone to disorder on a regular basis.

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 PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework presents the concepts or constructs that will

guide the researcher to know the experiences of children with mothers working in

the law enforcement. the conceptual framework represents how mothers in law

enforcement or police moms affect the life of their children as they are separated

from them because of the nature of their work.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Lived Experiences of
Children Whose
Mothers Are
Policewomen
 Data Collection
 Perception on
mother’s job  Instruments
 Advantage and used;
Disadvantages of
being a  Interview PROPOSED
policewomen’s  Video ACTION PLAN
children
 Challenges Recording
encountered  Audio
 Effect of absence Recording
and coping
mechanisms  Data Analysis
 Insights gained

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Statement of the Problem

This study focused on the lived experiences of children whose mothers

are police officers. Specifically, this study will seek to answer the following

questions:

1. How the participants do perceive their mother’s job?

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a policewomen’s

child?

3. What are the challenges of having a police mother?

4. How do the participants cope with the challenges of having a police

mother?

5. What are the insights gained from having a police mother?

Significance of the Study

This study may be deemed beneficial to the following:

Cadets. This study is deemed significant not only to the children of a

police women, but it will be in general. To effectively address issues encountered

in the absence of their mother in home, to know what are the measures to be

taken in order to cope up and accept the line of work of their mother and in

return, to be a good example of being not only a public servant but also a good

parent to their children.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Community. This study raises awareness about children’s perception on

their mother’s line of work, their conflicts encountered and what will be the

strategies and ways to resolve and reduce such conflicts.

Police organization. The organization may use the information in this

study to promote programs and advocacies that can assist policewomen and

their children to deal with their difficulties.

Police personnel. The findings of this study will raise awareness not just

with the police women but also with the personnel as a whole, to deal with

various situations that involves policewomen and their children and how to

address it properly.

Families. This research will raise understanding of families to consider the

lived experiences of policewomen to help them in the performance of their duties

and responsibilities.

Scope and Delimitation

This study will deal on the perception of police women’s children on their

mother’s job. It seeks to know the different challenges encountered by police

women’s children in their everyday lives, how their mother’s job affects their day-

to-day living and what are the actions taken to cope up with these challenges that

they encounter.

This study was conducted in Camp General Mariano N. Castañeda,

Silang, Cavite. The researchers focused on children whose mothers are police

officers as the subject of the study. The researchers interviewed ten (10)

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

participants whose mother is a police officer. The researchers also covered

information regarding their experiences prior to being a cadet.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally to guide

the researchers on their study.

Absence. This refers to the unavailability of the police mother

Attachment. This refers to a state where the child relies on his mother as

a secure base from which to explore and as a haven of safety and a source of

comfort.

Cadet. This refers to a trainee or candidate usually in police or military. A

person who undergoes the rigidity of training to become an officer.

Children. This refers to the cadets who are son/daughters of police

women.

Challenges. This refers to conflicts encountered by the cadet children in

relation to having a police mom.

Communication. This refers to ways that are not limited to reading,

writing and speaking but with body language and actions which are mutually

understood by both mother and the child.

Employment. This refers to the condition of having paid to work.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Law Enforcement. This refers to the work of the police women who being

in the nature of her work is to implement laws and does the duties and

responsibilities same as the policemen

Maternal care. This refers to all aspects of the mother's caretaking activity

from her child's birth until it reaches the age of twelve to ten months, or, in the

view of some authors, such as John Bowlby, the age of three years.

Parental separation. This refers to as residential separation from a

parent or parent-figure, regardless of whether the parent or the adolescent

moved out of the house.

Policewomen. This refers to a person who is a woman, a member of a

police force. In this research, a policewoman is a mother of a cadet who

experiences difficulties in raising a family while having duties as officer.

Rearing. This refers to a process that is to bring up and care for a child

until they are fully grown, especially in a particular manner or place.

Tenure. This refers to a term that is the holding or possessing of anything;

the holding of property, especially real property, of a superior in return for

services to be rendered.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The chapter discusses the related literature and studies conducted in the

Philippines and in foreign countries. It confined itself to the topics and studies

that have bearing to the present studies.

Women in Law Enforcement

Although there were few female officers in the 1910s, they generally dealt

with children and women, guarded female inmates, and were consigned to the

"Women's Bureau" with restricted responsibility. In 1972, Congress amended the

Civil Rights Act of 1964 to prevent state and municipal governments from

discriminating against women in the workplace. Women were obliged to be hired

on an equal footing with males in police agencies (Women in Law Enforcement,

n.d).

Women are now an important element of the police force and are

respected but it took a lot of perseverance to get there. Women have not always

been treated equally, even at the police academy. They were held to lesser

physical standards and were not permitted to operate chase cars or fire

shotguns. Then, in the 1960s, some female cops were permitted to operate

undercover in the Vice Squad, busting drug traffickers and prostitution gangs.

They couldn't generally graduate from the Women's Bureau or become full-

fledged police officers. However, the times were changing. Several New York

policewomen eventually sued to be permitted to test for promotions. Following

that, police forces across the United States were required to desegregate and
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

admit women to all levels of the force. Women were able to become sergeants,

lieutenants, and detectives as a result of this (Women in Law Enforcement, n.d).

Quezon City Mayor Joy Belmonte

acknowledged that there are still gender inequalities in the police force that need

to be addressed. She explained that traditional stereotypes need to be

debunked. She criticized the police's minimum quota of 10% for recruiting

women, and that police set standards based on an individual's quality and

potential. He argued that limits should be set rather than not. (Cabrera R. , 2019).

When it comes to law enforcement, it is considerably more effective when

women are involved in a significant way but it is clear that societies tend to do

better when women are empowered and have an opportunity to participate fully

in all aspects. Rejano

believes a woman's attention to detail is an asset in her work. Meanwhile,

Colonel Joana Rosales, commander of Special Operations Unit 2 in her PNP

Drug Enforcement Group, a graduate of her PNPA class of 1999, hopes to see

more uniformed female police officers in the years to come. I'm here. She argues

that more female officers and noncommissioned officers would ensure the

protection of the rights of female prisoners. (Caliwan C. , 2020) Sinas previously

said more female police officers would be appointed to key posts within the PNP.

He argued that empowering women would help them become more independent,

have better self-esteem, and be more confident in dealing with difficult police

situations. Cinnath had previously stated that this was an opportunity for female

officers to showcase their expertise and skills. Many females and minority

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recruiting drives have failed, and there is a dearth of a comprehensive study on

policewomen's experiences after more than a century of policing (Burke, 2005).

To effectively retain a female interest in law enforcement, new regulations should

take into account their demands and experiences. Police administrators continue

to report retention and recruitment issues for minorities ( (Faggiani & Shelley,

2009). Similarly, looking at years of experience can shed light on why

some officers get tenure while others don't. Finally, mentorship is an important

factor to consider when female officers are underrepresented in the military. The

retention problem still exists. (Hassell, 2011) compared the work experiences of

male and female officers and found that mentoring increased female officers'

likelihood of engagement, career advancement, and camaraderie. A formal, long-

term mentoring program for female police officers can benefit their career.

Challenges encountered by Women in Law Enforcement

Policy has been recognized as one of the most stressful professions in

American society. According to Kurtz (2012), the most notable difference

between the stress levels of male and female agents is mainly related to family

circumstances and responsibilities.

The more complex a woman’s family obligations, including prenatal care,

marital status, and a number of children, the more stress she will likely

experience. It was found that police officers 34 attempted to balance competing

domains of their work lives and their home lives. Additionally, they pointed out

that by making an effort to strike this balance, they soon exhaust their emotional

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and physical reserves, leaving them frequently weary, burned out, and unable to

continue to succeed in both domains. Women, specifically, tend to experience

even greater conflict because their share of responsibilities in the family/home

domain is generally much larger than their male counterparts (Hall et al., Kurtz, &

Roebuck et al., Policemoms: Perceived challenges impacting gender equity in

policing, 2012). The "lion's share" of household chores, child care decisions,

and family schedules fall on policewomen when they become mothers, even

when they are married to cops of the same rank. Policewomen frequently

struggle to prove themselves in the "man's world" of policing. Like any moms,

police mothers worry about their kids and want to keep them safe, but because of

the danger, gore, sadness, fear, and traumatizing events they are frequently

exposed to at work, they see more, know more, worry more, and warn more.

Police mothers tend to have strict rules. They also worry about their children

becoming criminal offenders (Hall et al., Kurtz, & Roebuck et al., Policemoms:

Perceived challenges impacting gender equity in policing, 2012).

Lived Experiences of Police Moms

Anyone with enough ambition and effort can become a police officer, for

better or worse. In the same way, almost anyone may become a parent but it

takes something more to be both and do well. Stringfield joined up to become a

police officer shortly after her daughter was born, and it has been a lifelong

passion for her. Her grandpa was an Ohio state trooper who encouraged her to

pursue a career in law enforcement. Stringfield's children not only encourage her

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to work safely and successfully, but they also offer her greater skills and insight

into how to perform her profession. Deputy Karen Lee of the Lenoir County

Sheriff's Office utilizes her professional experience to better nurture her children

at home, while Stringfield can apply what she learns at home at work (George,

Moms in law enforcement, 2017).

Lee added that witnessing what some of the pupils she

encounters daily go through in and out of school motivates her to be more

proactive in parenting her children to protect them from harmful influences in their

lives. While having those talks is tough, Springfield believes the best she or any

officer can do is commit to attempting to return home after a shift (George, Moms

in law enforcement, 2017).

Childbearing with Police moms

Barriers to childbearing and childrearing, which may not exist or are not as

difficult for men, may considerably contribute to women's low retention in the

police profession. Researchers have found that the years of childbirth and raising

children are when retention of female police officers is at its lowest (Charlesworth

& Robertson, 2012; Kingshott, 2012). Upon further examination of this

phenomenon, pregnancy has been specifically mentioned by female officers as

posing a significant challenge to their ability to maintain “business as usual” or in

some cases their ability to continue their career at all (Bochantin & Cowan,

2010b). A lack of support from police departments, gender-biased policies, and

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the police culture have all been cited as contributing to this retention issue

(Bochantin & Cowan, 2008; Corsianos, 2011; Lonsway, 2007).

If pregnant women are fortunate enough to avoid having their jobs as

police officers negatively impacted, the struggle is still far from done because of

the added difficulties that come with raising young children. Cowan and

Bochantin (2009), Gultekin, Leichtman, and Garrison (2010), Schulze (2011),

and others have all acknowledged that the nature of police employment is

extremely demanding and frequently necessitates officers working long hours

and atypical schedules. This timetable is cumbersome and not very friendly for

police officers who need to make child care arrangements and go to family and

educational events. When child care is not frequently readily available or is not

available at such short notice, these difficulties are made worse for police officers

who work rotating hours, evenings, or are required to work overtime. However,

research has shown that women face the largest load when it comes to child

care and managing the family, and these particular professional demands might

provide issues for male officers as well (Hall, Dollard, Tuckey, Winefield, &

Thompson, 2010; Kurtz, 2012, Natarajan, 2014; Roebuck, Smith, & Haddaoui,

2013).

As a result, female officers have more domestic responsibilities than their

male counterparts, who typically have a spouse who handles these duties. It can

be challenging to strike a balance between the demands of police job and those

of having a family, especially since both needs sometimes compete for the same

resources and time (Hall et al., 2010). It has been difficult for these women to

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navigate a normal stage of life while maintaining their right to work as police

officers under current legislation, departmental procedures, and police culture

(Bochantin & Cowan, 2008; Corsianos, 2011; Lonsway, 2007).

This issue has harmed female police officers and hindered their ability to

pursue lucrative professions in law enforcement. A void in the research on the

causes of why pregnancy and motherhood have been major obstacles to the

continuation of women's employment in the policing profession exists, and

gender equity is a social issue that needs to be addressed. The inadequacy of

the law as it stands could be a contributing factor to this issue. This permits the

continuation of the patriarchal culture and the acceptance of gender-biased laws

and struggles, with pregnancy and motherhood playing a crucial role. This

phenomenological, qualitative study looked into the reasons that some female

police officers felt compelled to leave the force after having children. Examining

the difficulties, real or imagined, they have encountered during pregnancy and

parenthood may help to improve efforts and revise departmental policies

intended to keep women in the policing profession. Along with pregnancy-related

difficulties, raising small children has also frequently been noted by policewomen

as posing substantial obstacles to retention and successful employment in the

policing industry. Although not pregnancy-related difficulties, these obstacles are

also detrimental to their employment and family lives.

Children of Working Moms

There is a myth that a child`s home life must be very bad if mother prefers

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their children have no objection on their work. Students expressed that both

children and mothers are satisfied with the Teachers expressed that the myth, if

mothers go back to work too early, their babies will not bond with them

adequately, is not applicable The mother and child relation is made stronger by

quality time together, not quantity. some hesitation in the absence of mother but

as soon as children get love and attention from mother when she returns, they

forget the absence of the mother and their relationship becomes stronger (Dr.

Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Job of the mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development.

The teachers explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge,

comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children

of working and house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers

urged that cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-

employed tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child

development. Students argued that employed mothers make the children more

independent (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

It has been observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the

mother`s employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they

spend with their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing

with them or listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the

company of children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development

and attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers

should spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company

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of their children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games

very much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children.

Lack of monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where

mothers are employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Synthesis of the Study

The literature and studies gave the research information on the

experiences of women in law enforcement in both local and foreign countries. It

has shown that women are becoming an important element of the law

enforcement and it is significantly more effective when women are heavily

involved. Women who are empowered and given the opportunity to participate

fully in all parts of law enforcement do better and it has been stated that female

police officers will be appointed to crucial posts within the PNP. Despite the

success and achievements, women face challenges in the conduct of their duties

and in the delivery of their services as law enforcement officers mainly the

conventional perceptions about women’s vulnerability and when policewomen

are mothers, they are responsible for housework, child care, and family routines.

The researchers were aware of the difficulties of women being police

officers as well as having the responsibilities of a mother. Thus, this study is

conducted to determine the effects to children on their mother being a

policewoman and how does the absence of the mother contribute to the course

of her child’s life, growth and development.

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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This research uses the qualitative approach specifically, the

phenomenological research design in order to explore the lived experiences of

children whose mothers are police officers. This chapter contains the research

design, sources of data, population and sampling, and data gathering

procedures. It shows the tools used for data and information gathering together

with the procedure used and locale and population of the study and the treatment

and the analysis of data.

Research Design

The central purpose of this study is to better understand the lived

experience of women who are mothers and police officers. To gain this

understanding, the researchers will use a qualitative research design.

Conducting and audio recording interviews with ten (10) participants

whose mothers are policewomen who are willing to share their experience having

mothers in the law enforcement field by listening deeply and attentively to what

they were saying. Gathering these in-depth, thick descriptions allowed the

researchers to gain a holistic understanding of the feelings, struggles, successes,

pressures, and perceptions that children of female officers are experiencing but

that was not generally explored. Within this qualitative design, the methodology

that best fits the research questions and central purpose of this study was a

phenomenological approach.
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

A phenomenological study examines a group of people that have similar

lived experiences and seeks to describe the common meaning that they bring to

these experiences (Creswell, 2013). (Merriam, 2009) suggested that

phenomenology is “well suited to studying affective, emotional, and often intense

human experiences”, which includes motherhood. In this study, what is generally

meant to be a woman, a mother, and a police officer was set aside, allowing

these participants to define what it meant to be a child of a police officer and

providing insight and understanding from their own experiences.

Sources of Data

The sources of the data that will be gathered will come from both primary

data and secondary data. the researchers decided to use information gathered

from the primary data (personal experiences, surveys, interviews, etc.) of a

person directly in connection to the topic which can give background to the

evidence presented by the secondary data (books, journals, articles, thesis, etc.).

Population and Sampling Procedure

The population for the research will be composed of ten (10) children of

Policewomen wherein the age group of the participants ranged from 18-25 years

of age, their gender, educational attainment, civil status and religion being

determined. The researchers will use Purposive Sampling to select the

participants for this research. Purposive sampling is a technique widely used in

qualitative research for the identification and selection of information-rich cases

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for the most effective use of limited resources (Patton, Purposeful Sampling in

Qualitative Research Synthesis, 2012).

Profile of the Participants According

to Age

Age Frequency Percentage

18 1 10%
19 4 40%
20 2 20%
21 2 20%
22 1 10%
Total 10 100%

Table 1

Table 2

Profile of the
Participants According
to Sex

Frequen Percenta
Sex cy ge
Male 3 30%
Femal
e 7 70%
Total 10 100%

Table 3

Profile of Participants According to Educational

Attainment

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Frequenc Percentag
Educational Attainment y e
College Undergraduate 8 80%
Senior High School Graduate 2 20%
Total 10 100%

Table 4

Profile of Participants
According to Civil Status

Civil Frequenc Percentag

Status y e
Single 10 100%
Married 0 0%
Divorced 0 0%
Others 0 0%
Total 10 100%

Table 5

Profile of Participants According to

Religion

Frequenc Percentag
Religion y e
Catholic 8 80%
Protestant 1 10%
Seventh Day Adventist 1 10%
Total 10 100%

Instrumentation

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The researchers will use the in-depth interview as a method of data

gathering and collection from the respondents. A semi-structured interview is a

combination of both structured and unstructured types. In this research, the

researcher used a semi-structured interview because the researcher used a list

of questions, and the researcher can ask additional questions to complete the

topic. The researchers will formulate open-ended questions to be used during the

interview to identify the demographic profile, the cadet’s view on their mother’s

job, the disadvantage and advantage of being a policewomen’ children and the

challenges encountered and how did they cope with the said challenges. The

researchers will also utilize the use of video or audio recording.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the approval of the researchers’ thesis title and the authentication of

the instrument, the researchers will secure a memorandum to the Cadet Affairs

Division of the Philippine National Police Academy to conduct interviews with

selected participants who met the specific requirements in the conduct of this

research. The researchers will secure informed consent to be signed by the

participants to get their permission to willingly participate in the study, The

researchers explained the purpose of the study to the selected participants and

made sure that they will provide the relevant data as well as its effectiveness in

this research. The researchers should ensure that they have good and clear

selection criteria to obtain the essential data. The researchers will collect data

through open observations, verbal reporting, questionnaires, and interviews.

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They must ensure that it is dependable, consistent, and accurate. After collecting

the data, the researchers will organize, analyze and interpret the data through

Thematic analysis.

Analysis of Data

Thematic analysis is the method used on the study. It is usually applied to

a set of texts, such as an interview or transcripts. The researcher closely

examines the data to identify common themes; topics, ideas and patterns of

meaning that come up repeatedly. It is a good approach to research where the

researchers are trying to find out something about people’s views, opinions,

knowledge, experiences or values from a set of qualitative data. For example,

interview transcripts, social media profiles, or survey responses. In this research,

the investigators applied thematic analysis to all of the questions in order to

gather and verify the common themes among the responses of the participants.

The researchers used interview as their research instrument, the data of

which will be collectively analyzed to determine whether the answers of the

respondents were similar to each other or there will be additional opinions,

knowledge or experiences that may be deduced during the said interview.

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data that dealt with the research

questions of the study. This study attempted to answer the following Research

Questions:

1. How the participants do perceived their mother’s job?

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a policewomen’s

child?

3. What are the challenges of having a police mother?

4. How do the participants cope with the challenges of having a police

mother?

5. What are the insights gained from having a police mother?

Perception of the Participants on their mother’s job

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To answer Research Question number 1, “How the participants do

perceive their mother’s job?” Thematic analysis was used to analyze the

qualitative data. Results are placed in Tables 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.

Table 6. Understanding that being a police is arduous job.

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

yes because technically base on
experience I have a very competitive
mother in terms of her career as well
as her job being a mother to her 6
1 children among of which are uh some
are still in elementary and some are in
college but she played her role very
well being a mother and a police
officer as well.

I view my mother’s job as a noble job

4
at the same time rigid, rigid sir
because she had to divide her time
Understanding that being a
The chosen field or career of my
Police is arduous Job
mother is not usually the type of job
mothers usually do. It is different and
challenging because I always see my
9
mother act as a strong woman not just
for her family but also for the
country. I always looked up to her for
being a police woman and a mother at
the same time.

Para sa akin ma’am yung trabaho

nang mama ko is isa sa
6
pinakamahirap talaga na trabaho pag
yung pulis kasi, based on experience
talaga to maam.

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Table 6 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Understanding

that being a Police is arduous Job.

In table 6, presents the lived experience of children and policewomen; a

phenomenological study is: understanding that being police is arduous job. Out

of ten (10) participants, four (4) answered that the profession of being a police

officer and working the role of being a mother was indeed difficult and that both

requires strenuous effort, as stated by Participant “I view my mother’s job as a

noble at the same time rigid, rigid because at the same time she had to divide

her time.”

These results were supported by this literature stated that, according to

Kurtz (2012), the most notable difference between the stress levels of male and

female agents is mainly related to family circumstances and responsibilities. This

is one of the challenges encountered by women in Law enforcement.

Table 7. Respectable and Honorable Job

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“She also needs to take care of Respectable and Honorable
her duties and responsibilities job
as a policewoman just like a
mother. My mother knows how
to manage her time wisely
10
because she always gives time
to clean and take care of our
family as a whole, she doesn’t
forget to bon with us even
though she is tired at work.”
“I view my mother’s job as a
privilege job and also high-risk
5 job because in the first place
they spend most of their time
in her work.”
2 “I view my mother’s job not
just a public servant but also a
sign of being a good mother.”

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“Sir I view my mother’s work

as a respectable job. She is a
role model to us, her children
and not just us but also our
3
neighbors and people in our
locality. She is known to be
disciplined and not only that,
she is also caring. “
7 Manageable job sir.
“I view my mother’s job as a
formal profession which
requires her to uphold her
8
duties and responsibilities no
only during office hours but for
the entirety of her service.”
Table 7 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Respectable and

Honorable Job.

In this Table 7 represents that six (6) respondents, over the ten (10)

children respondents says that it is respectable and honorable job are their

answer to the question “How do you view your mother’s job? Can she manage

her time between work and being mom at home?” The data shows that they view

their mother’s profession as respectable and honorable job, and is able to divide

their time between their profession and role as a mother like what Participant 2

said “Sir I view my mother’s work as a respectable job. She is a role model to us,

her children and not just us but also our neighbors and people in our locality. She

is known to be disciplined and not only that, she is also caring. “

These results were supported by this literature stated that. The mother

and child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

30
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 8. Inspired and Proud to Parent's Duty

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“I would describe my life as a very
fulfilling because uh I grew up just
being a child of police officer uh I
know a God I also serve the noble
cause of accepting the fact that they
1
are police officers serving the nation,
giving their best though sacrificing
their time for their children, for their
family just to be able to provide
quality service to the people”
I could describe my life as something
that i should always cherish and value
10 because my mother is doing her best
Inspired and Proud to
in her job to maintain peace and order
Parent's Duty
, and also to keep me safe.
7 Grateful and blessed sir.
Siguro ma’am beneficial pero masaya
naman siya kasi yung pagiging pulis
niya ma’am nakakaproud kasi witness
kami eversince bata pa lang kami na
maraming pumupunta sa bahay na
8 merely nagpapasalamat dahil sa
tulong na nagawa ng mama ko.
Although merong lapses atsaka
pagkukulang sa amin na anak niya
naiintindihan naming ganun yung
nature ng work niya.
Table 8 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Inspired and

Proud to Parent's Duty

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 8 represents that four (4) respondents, over the ten (10)

respondents says that they’re inspired and proud to parent’s duty to the question

“How would you describe your life living with your parent considering their line of

work?”. The data shows that the children of those policewoman officer are

inspired to become one as well and they are honored with their parents as sated

by participant 7 “ Grateful and blessed sir, Siguro ma’am beneficial pero masaya

naman siya kasi yung pagiging pulis niya ma’am nakakaproud kasi witness kami

eversince bata pa lang kami na maraming pumupunta sa bahay na merely

nagpapasalamat dahil sa tulong na nagawa ng mama ko”.

These results were supported by this literature stated that the mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 9. Close Family Ties

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

Family Oriented sir, so during her
working hours I always meet my
2 grandmother, sometimes my uncle or
aunt, it depends upon the situation
who’s available.
For me sir, I consider my life as fine
and getting better, we accepted and Close Family Ties
aware of her job and also we’re not
grow up seeking that attention since
5
we understand their work as they
always say as a public servant, you
must prioritize the public first before
your family.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
Table 9 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Close Family

Ties.

Table 9 shows that two (2) out of ten (10) participants said that they

describe their lives to have close family ties. In this statements, participant 2

mentioned “ Family Oriented sir, so during her working hours I always meet my

grandmother, sometimes my uncle or aunt, it depends upon the situation who’s

available”. The participants are saying that despite of the hectic schedule of their

mothers, they still manage to have a good relationship as a family.

These results were supported by this literature stated that The mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 10. Learn to be independent through parent’s way of discipline

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

9 As I grew older, I decided to take Learn to be independent
initiative to take most of the through parent’s way of
responsibilities in our home. My discipline
father taught me how to cook and my
mother taught me how to properly
clean our house. I absorbed all of that
and I took care of my lola and my
brother while managing the chores. I
am fulfilled that I could help my
parents inspite of their busy schedule.
Instead of joining my friends in their
outdoor activities, I prefer to stay at
home. I enjoy cooking viands for my
family and see them enjoy it. I also
enjoy watching my parents relax and
not help in our house because me and
my brother is already done in
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cleaning our house.

Our normal way of living inside the
house sir is when you commit a
mistake, our parents sometimes hurt
or inflict us slightly as a means of
discipline but we understand their
3
intentions sir so that we would not
repeat those mistakes for us to be
more disciplined and that the hurt
they gave was love; for us to really
think about our mistakes sir.
Table 10 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Learn to be

independent through parent’s way of discipline

Table 10 represents that two (2) over the ten (10) respondents says that

children learnt to be independent through parent’s way of discipline is how they

describe their lives considering the line of work their parents have. In their

statements the data shows the way how a police officer mother disciplines them

is an advantage. Participant 9 stated that “ As I grew older, I decided to take

initiative to take most of the responsibilities in our home. My father taught me

how to cook and my mother taught me how to properly clean our house. I

absorbed all of that and I took care of my lola and my brother while managing the

chores”.

These results were supported by the literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent
34
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(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 11. Complicated Due to Time Deficit

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

Since my both of my parents are
police officer, I would describe it as
4 being a slightly complicated because
she needs to divide her time so that
we can all be together sir.
when it comes to the emotional needs
Complicated Due to Time
namin, oo nakakausap nila kami
Deficit
maam pag may time pa sila maam
pero iba na kasi maam kasi yung firm
6
dati tsaka before ako mag enter sa
academy maam nafefeel ko talaga
maam na bumabayi sila sa amin
maam.
Table 11 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Complicated

Due to Time Deficit

In this Table 11 it represents the two (2) out of ten (10) respondents says

that due to their mother’s profession as stated by Participant 4 “ Since my both of

my parents are police officer, I would describe it as being a slightly complicated

because she needs to divide her time so that we can all be together sir.”.,

respondents are having complicated relationship due to time deficit because their

parents have to divide their time so that they can be all together. The data shows

that the it’s being complicated due to the time management.

These results were supported by the literature stated wherein they pointed

out that by making an effort to strike this balance, they soon exhaust their

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emotional and physical reserves, leaving them frequently weary, burned out, and

unable to continue to succeed in both domains. Women, specifically, tend to

experience even greater conflict because their share of responsibilities in the

family/home domain is generally much larger than their male counterparts (Hall

et al., Kurtz, & Roebuck et al., Policemoms: Perceived challenges impacting

gender equity in policing, 2012).

Advantages and Disadvantages of being a policewoman’s child.

To answer research question number 2, “What are the advantages and

disadvantages of being a policewomen’s child?” Thematic coding was used to

analyze the qualitative data. Results are placed in Tables. Results are placed in

Tables 12 and 13.

Table 12. Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“The advantages of being a General Advantages of
policewoman’s son is that I became being a child of a
very sensitive to females, growing up police=mom: Respect to
I did not want to hurt others women, Sense of
1
particularly females because my Independence,
mother always inculcated to me that a Responsibility, Security and
females are given that slightest Dicipline, Social
advantage of physical” Connection and Prestige.
6 “Respect maam, nirerespeto ako nang
mga classmate ko maam o nung mga
friends ko, hindi nila ako
inaapi ,minsan natatakot sila. Na
ganituhin sila ganyan. Safe and
security din maam, napoproviadan
nang kailangan namin.”

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

“Gaya nung sabi ko ma’am na yun

adedevelop yung sense of
independence sa sarili ma’am ,
8
Ma’am. Disadvatages ma’am is yung
mga activities na nirerequire good
moral values.”
Table 12 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Learned to

Adapt on Parent’s Absence

Table 12 represents that three (3) over the ten (10) respondent answers to

the question “What are the advantages of being a policewoman’s child? What are

the disadvantages?” Participant 6 said “Respect Ma’am, nirerespeto ako nang

mga classmate ko Ma’am o nung mga friends ko, hindi nila ako inaapi, minsan

natatakot sila ganyan, safe and security din Ma’am, napoprovidedan ng

kailangan namin. In this statement, it shows the general advantages of being a

child of a policemom: Respect to women, sense of independence, responsibility,

security and discipline, Social connection and prestige.

These results were supported by the literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent

(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

37
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 13.Time and/or attention deficit for bonding and sense of danger due to

parent's duty as police

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“the disadvantage is that the time is
always divided and limited, our time
2
also depends if she’s required to take
post to her working unit”
“disadvantages is that every time I’m
home nor outside I always keep
reminding myself that is should not
3
do anything that can destroy the
image of my mom because what I do
will reflect in her as my parent.”
“disadvantages is that you have the
4
spare time to spend with them.” General Disavantages of
“disadvantages, their time spending being a child a police-mom:
with us is limited and at the same Time and/or attention deficit
5
time pressured because I need to be for bonding and sense of
proper all the times.” danger due to parent's duty
“disadvantages are I am not able to as police
spend most of our time with her. It is
hard for me at first because why can’t
9
my mother support rme in having a
high score at school but I eventually
learned to understand them.
The advantages are you know your
rights by the law and you can apply
scholarships regarding the line of
10
work of a police. The disadvantages
are you should learn to live
independently.
Table 13 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: General

Disavantages of being a child a police-mom: Time and/or attention deficit for bonding and sense of danger due to parent's duty

as police.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 13 represents that six (6) over the ten (10) respondents says that

general disadvantages of being a child of a police-mom.

These results were supported by this literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent

(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Challenges of having a Police Mother

To answer research question number 3, “What are the challenges of

having a police mother?” Thematic coding was used to analyze the qualitative

data. Results are placed in Tables. Results are placed in Tables 14, 15, 16, 17,

18, 19, and 20.

Table 14. Raised in Strict Parenting

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

2 Growing up with my mother, Raised in Strict Parenting
she’s very disciplinarian in a
good way, she always ask us,
how’s our day, if we are all
fine and if there’s any problem.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Live in a condition to meet

each role. Parang we comply to
6
rules and regulations na na-
impose niya sa amin maam.
“Kasi pag sinabing pulis yung
nanay mo dapat expected yan
sila na strikto sila tapos hindi
8 rin kadalas yung mama ko sa
bahay na naiiwan kami sa
bahay na kailangan magasikaso
para sa sarili namin.”
Table 14 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Raised in Strict

Parenting.

Table 14 represents the three (3) participants, over the ten (10)

respondents says that raised in strict parenting is their answer to the question

“How is it growing up with your mother as a police?” The data shows that it is

expected to have a strict parents if they are in police service. Participant 2 says

that “Growing up with my mother, she’s very disciplinarian in a good way, she

always ask us, how’s our day, if we are all fine and if there’s any problem In their

statements, it shows that the children that has a police mother is expected to be

strict and raised with that kind of parenting.

These results were supported by this literature stated that It has been

observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the mother`s

employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they spend with

their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing with them or

listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the company of

children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development and

attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers should

spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company of their

children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games very
40
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children. Lack of

monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where mothers are

employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 15. Growing up is Challenging due to the situation.

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

For me sir, I feel a sense of fear in a Growing up is Challenging
way that in any day or any time my due to the situation.
mother may be put in harm because
of her work especially in our area
3
where there are many leftist groups
(NPA). We also secure our safety at
our house since we know the work of
our mother.
“its quite very challenging because
sometimes especially when there are
special occasions; birthdays,
graduations and other special
occasions significant events in your
life. Often times when they are in
1 great and dire need of their or of them
to perform their duties as police
officers they often make the hard
decision of choosing their work over
their own children because they know
that the their service is highly needed
by the community that they serve”
I could say that I’m a proud son
because her job is a privilege and at
the same time a high risk one, the
figure of my mother is a good role
5
model in our town because not
everyone in our place got that job
that’s why it serve as an honor to me
sir.
Inspired sir, because being a
6
policewoman is a tough job.
4 It’s very difficult sir because there’s
time that when we need our mothers

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

presence she was not able join us

because of her work.
Table 15 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Growing up is

Challenging due to the situation.

Table 15 shows the five (5) participants, over the ten (10) respondents

says that raised in strict parenting is their answer to the question “How is it

growing up with your mother as a police?” The data shows that it is expected to

have a strict parent if they are in police service. In their statements, is just a kind

of parenting. Growing up is Challenging due to the situation as participant 3

quoted “For me sir, I feel a sense of fear in a way that in any day or any time my

mother may be put in harm because of her work especially in our area where

there are many leftist groups (NPA). We also secure our safety at our house

since we know the work of our mother.”

These results were supported by this literature stated that It has been

observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the mother`s

employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they spend with

their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing with them or

listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the company of

children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development and

attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers should

spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company of their

children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games very

much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children. Lack of

monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where mothers are

employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

42
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 16. Learned to be Independent

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

I noticed when I was young that my
mother is different from my
classmate’s mother. My classmate
always has their mothers at their side
at school, during PTA meeting I am
9
often lended to other mothers because
my mama could not attend. That
simple activity I implemented to Learned to be Independent
myself that I need to learn in being
independent in just a young age
Growing up with my mother as a
police officer, she is not always
10 around because she has duties and
responsibilities that she needs to take
care first.
Table 16 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Learned to be

Independent.

Table 16 represents that two (2) respondents, over the (10)

respondents says that they learned to be independent.“ In their statements,

participant 10 says “Growing up with my mother as a police officer, she is not

always around because she has duties and responsibilities that she needs to

take care first”.

These results were supported by this literature stated that It has been

observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the mother`s

employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they spend with

43
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing with them or

listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the company of

children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development and

attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers should

spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company of their

children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games very

much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children. Lack of

monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where mothers are

employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 17. No Attachment Issue, Learn to Live Independent and Responsible

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“I had a period of time to be able to adapt No Attachment Issue, Learn to
to such environment that uh I need to Live Independent and
1
accept that they were, they should not be Responsible
present at all times as I was growing up.”
No sir, because every time she leaves she
keep on reminding us about her field of
work that she needs to go back for the
2
sake of us. I was inspired by her because
no matter how hassle her work is, she can
still manage to ask for our welfare.
For me nothing sir, because mom always
explain to us her field of work and she
3
always keep prioritizing family time and
strong bond between us.
No sir, at young age my mother was
already indoctrinated in regard with her
4 line of work. In the sense that it made us
more responsible, during her presence we
need to need to be proper.
5 None sir, in the first place she ensure that
we’re okay and I totally understand if
sometime they was not able to attend in
some of events and activities. For me sir,
there is no effect since due to technology
I am now open for communication with

44
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them anytime and anywhere.

The absence of my mother due to her
work made me to learn to live
independently and learn to rely on myself
10
in times of trouble , and everytime I go
home I should take care of myself ,
because I don’t have my mother around.
Table 17 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: No Attachment

Issue, Learn to Live Independent and Responsible

In this Table 17 it represents the six (6) respondents, over the twenty (20)

children says that they’re not having attachment issues, instead they learn to live

independent and responsible. As stated by participant 4 to the question “Did you

have attachments issues when your mom leaves for work? How does the

absence of your mother affect your day to day living?”, “No, Sir ,At young age my

mother was already indoctrinated in regard with her line of work. In the sense

that it made us more responsible, during her presence we need to be proper.” In

this statement, it is clear to the respondent that they’re aware about their parent’s

situation with regard to their line of work.

These results were supported by the literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent

(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

45
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 18. Learned to Adapt on Parent’s Absence

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

Yes sir, as time goes by when Im
7 growing up, I can adapt the time
when she was working.
I am taught on how to act always on
alert. We were taught to be brave
9
even though there are challenges or
problems in our way.
Nung bata kami ma’am, yes ma’am
until siguro hanggang 7 years old ako
ma’am, during that time di ko pafully
comprehend na ganun yung trabaho
niya ma’am. Nung baby naman kami
ma’am toddlers kami ma’am every
Learned to Adapt on
pregnancy ng mommy ko ma’am
Parent’s Absence
8 parang may taon naman makasama
naming siya ma’am pero habang
lumalaki kami ma’am parang lalo
siyang matagal na nawawala dahil sa
schooling na tinetake niya over the
years. Kaya na fully comprehend lang
namin ma’am parang naiintindihan
yung may naiisip kami as teenagers.
Oo maam, kahit may mga problema
na hindi pa nareresolve minsan
6 naiisip ko nalang maam na may
responsibilities pa naman sila outside
sa bahay namin maam
Table 18 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: Learned to

Adapt on Parent’s Absence

Table 18 represents that four (4) over the ten (10) respondents says that

parent considering their line of work”, to the question “Did you have attachments

46
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

issues when your mom leaves for work? How does the absence of your mother

affect your day to day living? ” The data shows that participant 7 answered “ No,

the children of those policewoman officer are inspired to become one as well and

they are honored with their parents.

These results were supported by this literature stated that the mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 19. Difficult due to frequent Parental Absence to Render Duty

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

“personally speaking it was very Difficult due to frequent
challenging because I’m the only son Parental Absence to Render
among my siblings I am the only boy Duty
1 and therefore the absence of my
mother also the absence of my father
because of their work I had to stand
up at very young age.
“very difficult, she don’t have time to
guide you and you have to depend on
4
your other relatives for you
understand different things.”
“Yes sir, it is very challenging to
7 meet their expectation, to strive
harder sir and to become like them.”
Back in the day, we don’t have the
relationship of closeness from other
mothers and their daughters. I am not
9 able to share my feelings and
thoughts because she is often at work.
It is hard to have the closeness when
she is always not with us.
10 “The greatest challenge that i
encountered is the times that i miss

47
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and need someone to rely on and my

mother is not around so i must deal
with it with myself and understand
the line of work of my mother.”
Table 19 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY Difficult due to

frequent Parental Absence to Render Duty

Table 19 represents that five (5) participants, over the ten(10) says that it

is difficult due to frequent parental absence to render duty.“ , “Was it a challenge

to become a child of a policewoman?”. Participant 7 said.

These results were supported by this literature stated that It has been

observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the mother`s

employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they spend with

their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing with them or

listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the company of

children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development and

attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers should

spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company of their

children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games very

much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children. Lack of

monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where mothers are

employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 20. Positive perspective as child of policemom.

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

3 "So some adjustments have been Positive perspective as child
done but I’ve always understand her of Policemom.
reason and all of those cautions is for
the sake of our own good.”

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

I took it as my inspiration and

5 motivation that’s why I’m here in this
prestigious institution.
Table 20 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Positive

perspective as child of Policemom.

Table 20 represents that two (2) participants, over the ten (10)

respondents says that positive perspective as chlild of policemom.In one of the

answers.

These results were supported by the literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent

(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Coping with the challenges of having a police mother

To answer research question number 4, “How do the participants cope

with the challenges of having a police mother?” Thematic coding was used to

analyze the qualitative data. Results are placed in Tables. Results are placed in

Tables 21 and 22.

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

These results were supported by this literature stated that It has been

observed that a child`s infant period suffers badly due to the mother`s

employment. They should realize the fact that the quality of time they spend with

their children is a priority should be to sit with children either playing with them or

listening to them interestingly whatever phone while sitting in the company of

children. It has also been observed the hat emotional development and

attachment of infants suffer badly when the work is over working mothers should

spend remaining the whole time with. They should prioritize the company of their

children. They should spend less time with others. Children like games very

much and mothers should spend most of the time playing with children. Lack of

monitoring and supervision is observed in most of the families where mothers are

employed (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 21. Support from Relatives and Peers.

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

1 “I tried to seek comfort of my relatives,
my cousins particularly my siblings who
are much older than me. They gave me a
better understanding of what my parent’s
jobs are, the nature of their career, they
gave me the understanding that I should
not be very much bothered about their
absence because they are performing
noble cause.”

2 “Like what I stated earlier, I go to my

grandmother if my parent was not able to
go home, most of the time my
grandmother makes me realized that my
parent is just doing their job also she
allows me to call my parent at work to
get in touch with them.”
8 “financial sa structural trail dito ma’am

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

kasi we live together with my Support from Relatives and

grandparents hindi naman kami totally Peers
walang guidance guardians naming
ma’am.”
6 “Kausapin ko yung mga classmate ko
tapos doon ako mag let go nang mga
emotions tapos kinakausap ko din yung
mga kapatid ko na kahit busy yung
parents natin wag kayong mag tanim
nang sama nang loob kasi para din
naman sa atin to yung ginagawa nila.”
5 “I always ensure that I have open
communication and discussion with them
about my life problems”
Table 21 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Support from

Relatives and Peers.

Table 22. Taking it as Avenue for Character or Self Development.

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

3 “The measure I have taken as the
child of a policewoman is that I
develop my patience and
understanding about her field of
work”
4 “I started it in developing myself sir
by considering myself as an
responsible individual and ensures
that I can already handle the
challenges of life.” Taking it as Avenue for
7 “What I did sir is that I focused on Character or Self
my goal sir and that is to study hard, Development.
in order to graduate from high school
to college specially pass the board
exam.”
9 “I immediately taught myself that I
need to be independent and take
responsibilities as their first child.”.
10 In order to cope up with the
challenges, i always try to keep
myself busy and avoid thinking about
the line of work that my mother have.
Table 22 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Taking it as

Avenue for Character or Self Development.

51
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Insights Gained from having a Police Mother

To answer research question number 5, “What are the insights gained

from having a police mother?” Thematic coding was used to analyze the

qualitative data. Results are placed in Tables. Results are placed in Tables 23,

24, 25,26 and 27.

Table 23. With high self-efficacy becoming public safety officer

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

1 “I am pursuing BSPS course. I’m in
track of my dreams as well as their
dream for me to become independent,
actually they were not forcing me to
take up anything, given the nature
that they are police officers.”
4 She inspired me to become a police
officer and follow her foots step as
she taught me to be contented.
5 “For me, I am now a good son that
serves as good role model to my
younger sibling and I believe that my
mother is very proud of me ever since With high self-efficacy
I entered academy.” becoming public safety
7 “As of now sir, as a result I become a officer
good child, because I did pass the
board exam and for that sir I can
apply to the police, recruitment,
nonpolice commissioned officer.”
9 “Now, I am taking the path she also
chose when she was a young adult. I
also want to be like her may be more
than her because that is what she
wants for us, to achieve more than
what they achieved in life.”
Table 23 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : With high self-
efficacy becoming public safety officer

52
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Table 23 represents that Five (5) participants, over the ten (10)

respondents says that challenge is their answer to the question “How are you

now as her child?”. Participant 7 answered “ As of now sir, as a result I become a

good child, because I did pass the board exam and for that sir I can apply to the

police recruitment, nonpolice commissioned officer.”

These results were supported by this literature stated that The mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 24. Productive and Living Independently

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

2 “Until now, I learned how to be
independent no matter how tough the
situation is, I was able to cope up and
think a possible solution.”
3 “Now, all in all I could say that I was
raised properly by my parents despite
of their hectic job in a way that I was
not used to degrade nor judge others.”
10 “Now, as a policewoman’s child I
learned to live independently but I
was guided to the right path by my
parents even though they don’t have a
lot of time but they did their best and Productive and Living
made me the greatest person I can Independently
be.”
8 Siguro the word to describe me as
police officer’s daughter ma’am is
madiskarte siguro sa bahay kasi
growing up kailangan mong gawin
yung mg bagay na hindi nanineexpect
na. tapos yung magcope up sa

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

situation na kaya mo alam mo naman

pala.
6 “yung mga pressure na nangyari sa
akin nung bata pa ako parang
pinatatag nila yung loob ko kahit na
ganun yung nangyari sa childhood ko
noon kaya nagpapasalamat ako sa
kanila maam na pinalaki nila ako na
matatag.”
Table 24 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Productive

and Living Independently

Table 24 represents that five (5) respondents, over the ten (10)

respondents says that they’re productive and living independently in regard to the

“How are you now as her child, Participant 2 said that “ Until now, I learned how

to be independent no matter how tough the situation is, I was able to cope up

and think possible solution.

These results were supported by the literature stated that Job of the

mothers has no effect on children`s cognitive development. The teachers

explained that cognitive development consists on knowledge, comprehension,

application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation and the children of working and

house hold mothers have same cognitive development. Mothers urged that

cognitive development depends upon heredity and environmental non-employed

tries her best to provide the best environment necessary for child development.

Students argued that employed mothers make the children more independent

(Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 25. Inspired to Mother’s work

54
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

1 “It gave me the inspiration to follow
the footsteps of my mother in a
manner to serve the country.”
7 My insights or lesson gained for
being a child of a policewoman is
maintain to be humble and always
instill the discipline in myself to
protect the integrity and dignity of my
mother’s surname.
9 My mother is a superwoman,
handling plenty of work in her career Appreciation to Mother’s
and in our home. Despite her work
lackings, she still copes up and still
shows motherly love to us. She loves
her work but she loves us more.
Loving two can still be true. Her
braveness and strongness could help
me in being a strong and influential
woman just like her.
8 I believe the best part of being a son
of a police officer gives you that
sense of independence and a brand
new perspective of the world in line
with the duty and service to God
Country and people. it gave me the
inspiration to follow the footsteps of
my mother in a manner to serve the
country.
Table 25 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES O26F CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Inspired to

Mother’s work

In this Table 25, it represents that four (4) respondents, over the ten (10)

participants it says that Inspired to mother’s work is their answer to the question

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

“How are you now as her child?”. The participant 1 said,It gave me the inspiration

to follow the footsteps of my mother in a manner to serve the country.”

These results were supported by this literature stated that The mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 26. Appreciation to Mother’s work

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

2 It may be challenging but in the long-
run it made me who I am today, an
independent person. Regardless of the
nature of the job of my parents, still I
was able to manage myself. And
being a child of a policewoman,
discipline was instilled to me at an
early age, which I am so thankful for.
Thankful for having a parent that
guides me to the right path
3 The lessons that I have gained from
having a mother under the job of a
uniformed personnel is that, I get to Appreciation to Mother’s
be independent in times of my mother work
or parents is not around our house as I
get to have the chance to take in-
charge of the responsibilities that my
parents should be having for us. And
in addition, I get to be cautious about
the crimes and danger that’s
happening around my surrounding.
4 The lesson I learned from being a
child of a policewoman is that I
learned how to become independent,
discipline and as well as responsible
of my own actions.
6 To be an independent person and

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developed a sense of leadership.

Table 26 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Appreciation

to Mother’s work

Table 26 represents that four (4) respondents, over the (10) cadet

participants say“ The data shows that this cadetship is their dream and that is the

reason why they want to become a PNPA cadet. In their statements, it shows

that three of the all respondents says they want to become cadet because this is

their dream.

Participant 4 stated that “ The lesson learned from being a child of a

policewoman is that I learned how to become independent , discipline and as

well as responsible of my own actions”.

These results were supported by this literature stated that the mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

Table 27. Developed Empathy and to Value Time

Participant Direct Quotation Theme

5 I learned how to accept things in a
positive way or in away
professionally, that we must always
have empathy anytime we make Developed Empathy and to
decisions. Value Time
10 The most important lesson i gained
for being a child of a policewoman is
that you should cherish the time of
your parents and spend it to improve
the bond and relationship you have
with them.

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Table 27 shows the LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN AND POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY : Developed

Empathy and to Value Time

Table 27 represents that two (2) respondents over ten (10) says that The

lesson learned from being a child of a policewoman, Participant 5 said: “ I

learned how to accept things in a positive way or in away professionally, that we

must always have emphathy anytime we make decisions.”

These results were supported by this literature stated that the mother and

child relation is made stronger by quality time together, not quantity. some

hesitation in the absence of mother but as soon as children get love and attention

from mother when she returns, they forget the absence of the mother and their

relationship becomes stronger (Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani, et. al, 2012).

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CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This study presented the summary of findings, the conclusions drawn and

recommendations offered by the study.

Summary of Findings

This study focused on the lived experiences of children whose mothers

are police officers gathered from September 2022 to December 2022.

Specifically, the study identified the participants’ perception of their mother’s job,

the advantages and disadvantages, the challenges encountered, as well as how

they cope with the said challenges, and the insights gained from having a police

mother.

A total of twenty-two (22) themes was formulated from answering the

statement of the problem. On the Perception of the participants on their mother’s

job, from two (2) interview questions, emerged six (6) themes which are;

understanding that being police is an arduous job; that it is a respectable and

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honorable job; they are inspired and proud to their mother’s duty; they had close

family ties; they learned to be independent through their mother’s way of

discipline and they experienced complication due to time deficit. On the

advantage of being a policewomen’s child, formulated one (1) theme which is;

respect for women, sense of independence, responsibility, security and

discipline, social connection and prestige. While on the disadvantage, emerged

one (1) theme which is the time and/or attention deficit for bonding and sense of

danger due to parent’s duty as police.

On the challenges of having a police mother, the researchers came up

with seven (7) themes which are; that the participants were raised in a strict

parenting environment; growing up is challenging due to the situation; learning to

be independent. When it comes to attachment issues, the participants; did not

have attachment issues with attachment issues and they learned to live

independently and responsibly; also, they learned to adapt to their parent’s

absence. Lastly, on the challenges of being a child of policewomen; they

experienced difficulties due to frequent parental absence to render duty but at the

same time, they had positive perspectives as children of policewomen.

It was also revealed in the fourth statement of the problem which is the

participants’ coping with the challenges of being a policewomen’s child, that they

asked for support from relatives and peers; and that they took the challenges

encountered as an avenue for their character or self-development.

Further, there were five (5) themes on the insights gained by the

participants from having a police mother; they became a person with high self-

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efficacy of becoming a public safety officer; they became productive and lived

independently; they appreciated their mother’s work, became independent and

developed empathy and valued time.

Conclusions

Based on the study's findings, the following conclusions were drawn: on

the whole, they have a favorable opinion of their mother's work and that they are

motivated and well-behaved. Additionally, they encounter difficulties receiving

care and attention because their mother doesn't provide them with enough of it.

Being a child of a policewoman has both benefits and drawbacks, according to

the study. The participants' status as the children of policewomen presented

additional difficulties.

The participants' lived experiences as policewomen's children were

determined by adaptive, positive, and negative experiences that were influenced

by favorable, unfavorable, or personal-related factors, according to the

researchers' findings. The majority of them were adaptive, indicating that despite

the disadvantages they experienced and the difficulties associated with being a

policewoman's child, most of them still developed good viewpoints on these

issues and grew more reliant. Their experiences served as a springboard for their

own growth.

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Further, the researchers showed the insights of the participants on their

experiences that they gained high self-efficacy becoming public safety officers,

they bebecame productive and independent aned empathy and valued time.

Recommendation

Based on the research findings, the researchers hereby recommend

addressing the existing challenges encountered by children of policewomen, is to

develop an action plan, emphasizing in developing of deep understanding of a

child with regards to the work of their mother as police. The action plan will

emphasize on programs wherein it would develop the bond of the mother and

child despite the hectic work of mother. The action plan would somehow show

coping mechanisms specifically for children of policewomen for them to be able

to handle situations wherein their mother could not provide the enough care and

attention also for them to not to resort any misbehavior and to keep them in the

right path as well as to develop their discipline despite the absence of their

mother. With the objectives of the action plan the child would develop and grow

initiative and sense of responsibility due to their situation and this is inevitable in

the given situation, also it is a responsibility to instill and help her child to

understand her line of work, for it can also be a factor as the child would look up

to her mother positively or negatively as it would depend the future of the child of

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the policewoman if it wants to be a police also or to choose a different course of

line of work.

Lastly, given the limits of the study, this research can be used as a

foundation for references for future research for improvements and to change

course in the possible errors and inaccuracy made*. It is strongly advised to do

exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses that call for a wider population with

a variety of backgrounds *increasing the accuracy of this research for to be more

reliant and to strengthen the knowledge provided and factor for developments.

Table 30

ACTION PLAN
FINDINGS OBJECTIVE TIMELINESS PERSON IN
CHARGE

Children encounter To give police mothers and This activity should PNP – PCR
difficulties receiving their children an opportunity be conducted twice a Local
care and attention to spend time with each year Government
due to the work other. The organization Unit
schedules of their should make a program
mothers as police “Family Day” for PNP
officers. Personnel to promote close
family ties and opportunity
for both of the parties to
have fun and enjoy
recreational activities.

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Based on the results, The PNP should consider the Seminar should be PNP
children of family as an important factor conducted twice a NGOs
policewomen view in the efficiency and year
their mother’s job as productivity of police
a difficult one mainly officers in terms of their
because of the work. That is why the
conflict of time organization should conduct
between work and seminars focused on how to
family balance family, work and life
for the PNP personnel. It
should also include
discussions on how to
properly manage a family
despite the rigidity of their
chosen career path.

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APPENDICES

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Appendix A. Letter of Request to the PNPA Director for the Conduct of the

Study

Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2010 Certified

April 2022

PBGEN ERIC ESCOSIO NOBLE

Acting Director, Philippine National Police Academy
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite

Dear Sir:

Please be informed that the undersigned are currently conducting their

undergraduate thesis entitled, “LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN OF
POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY”. This study aims to
assess the participants as to their living experience being a child of a police
women.

In view of this, we would like to respectfully request for your approval with regard
to the conduct of the study. Rest assured that all information gathered will be
treated with utmost confidentiality.

Thank you very much.

Very truly yours,

Cdt 1C GILLIAN T TORLAO

Cdt 1C ELLINE P ANONUEVO

Cdt 1C BERYLLE I DACUDAO

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

CDT 1C JOHN PAUL A LABTIC

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Appendix B. Letter of Request to the Dean of Academics for the Conduct of

the Study

Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2010 Certified

April 2022

PBRIG GEN ANGELES B GENORGA

Dean of Academics, Philippine National Police Academy
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite

Dear Sir:

Please be informed that the undersigned cadets are currently conducting

their undergraduate thesis entitled, “LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN OF
POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY”. This study aims to
assess the participants as to their living experience being a child of a police
women.

In view of this, we would like to respectfully request for your approval with
regard to the conduct of the study. Rest assured that all information gathered will
be treated with utmost confidentiality.

Thank you very much.

Very truly yours,

Cdt 1C GILLIAN T TORLAO

Cdt 1C ELLINE P ANONUEVO

Cdt 1C BERYLLE I DACUDAO

CDT 1C JOHN PAUL A LABTIC

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Appendix C. Letter of Request to the Respondents of the Study

Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2010 Certified

April 2022

Dear Participants:

Please be informed that the undersigned cadets are currently conducting

their undergraduate thesis entitled, “LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN OF
POLICEWOMEN; A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY”. This study aims to
assess the participants as to their living experience being a child of a police
women.

In view of this, we would like to respectfully request for your approval with
regard to the conduct of the study. Rest assured that all information gathered will
be treated with utmost confidentiality.

Thank you very much.

Very truly yours,

Cdt 1C GILLIAN T TORLAO

Cdt 1C ELLINE P ANONUEVO

Cdt 1C BERYLLE I DACUDAO

CDT 1C JOHN PAUL A LABTIC

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Appendix D. Research Instrument Used in the Study

Republic of the Philippines

NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY
ACADEMICS GROUP
Camp General Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
ISO 9001:2010 Certified

April 2022

Good day participants!

We the researchers would like to express our utmost appreciation for your
participation in our study. Your responses to our study will greatly assist us in
determining the living experiences of being a child of a police woman. Rest
assured that all information gathered will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

I. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Kindly fill up the following information;

• Age ____________________________
• Gender _________________________
• Educational attainment ___________________
• Civil status ________________________
• Religion __________________________

II. QUESTIONS
The following questions are going to be asked during the interview and
also will serve as your guide to formulate answers. There will be follow-up
questions depending on your answer. The responses will be recorded for
documentary purposes.

1. How do you view your mother’s job? Can she manage her time between

work and being a mom at home?

2. How is it like growing up with your mother as police?

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3. How would you describe your life living with your parent considering her

line of work?

4. Did you have attachment issues when your mom leaves for work? How

does the absence of your mother affect your day-to-day living?

5. What are the advantages of being a policewomen’s child? What are the

disadvantages?

6. Was it a challenge to become a child of a policewoman?

7. What were your measures taken in order to cope with the challenges of

being police womens’ child?

8. How are you now as her child?

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : GILLIAN T. TORLAO

Birthdate : JUNE 21, 1998

Address : BAGONG SILANG, CALOOCAN

CITY

Status : SINGLE

Citizenship : FILIPINO

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary : SAMPAGUITA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Secondary : SAMPAGUITA HIGH SCHOOL

Tertiary : METRO MANILA COLLEGE

Course : BS CRIMINOLOGY

TRAININGS & SEMINAR ATTENDED

Training : Closed Quarter Battle- Aug. 2022

Basic Internal Security Operations Course- Aug. 2021

Public Safety Interventions Course- Aug. 2020

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : ANONUEVO, ELLINE P.

Birthdate : OCTOBER 24,1999

Address : Singao, Kidapawan City,

North Cotabato

Status : SINGLE

Citizenship : FILIPINO

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary : KIDAPAWAN CITY PILOT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Secondary : NOTRE DAME OF KIDAPAWAN COLLEGE

Tertiary : UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO

Course : BS ACCOUNTANCY

TRAININGS & SEMINAR ATTENDED

Training : Closed Quarter Battle- Aug. 2022

Basic Internal Security Operations Course- Aug. 2021

Public Safety Interventions Course- Aug. 2020

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : JOHN PAUL A. LABTIC

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

Birthdate : JUNE 18, 1998

Address : GENERAL SANTOS CITY,

SOUTH COTABATO

Status : SINGLE

Citizenship : FILIPINO

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary : UPPER TAMBLER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL I

Secondary : GENERAL SANTOS CITY NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL

Tertiary : MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY - GENERAL SANTOS

CITY

Course : BSBA BUSINESS ECONOMICS

TRAININGS & SEMINAR ATTENDED

Training : Closed Quarter Battle- Aug. 2022

Basic Internal Security Operations Course- Aug. 2021

Public Safety Interventions Course- Aug. 2020

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name : DACUDAO, BERYLLE IBAG

Birthdate : OCTOBER 02,1999

Address : PUROK 5-A MAGDUM TAGUM CITY

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

DAVAO DEL NORTE

Status : SINGLE

Citizenship : FILIPINO

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary : MAGUGPO PILOT IMELDA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Secondary : SAINT MARY'S COLLEGE OF TAGUM

Tertiary : ATENEO DE DAVAO UNIVERSITY

Course : BS ENGINEERING

TRAININGS & SEMINAR ATTENDED

Training : Closed Quarter Battle- Aug. 2022

Basic Internal Security Operations Course- Aug. 2021

Public Safety Interventions Course- Aug. 2020

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PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY

79