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    Experiment 6

    Uploaded by

    Mark Aquino
    1) The document describes experiments testing various petroleum products (kerosene, gasoline, paraffin, petroleum ether) with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions. Reactions were observed and hydrocarbons were identified. 2) Questions are asked about octane number, the preparation of gasoline and kerosene through distillation processes, and the definition of flash point as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off ignitable vapors. 3) Hydrocarbons present in petroleum ether were identified based on its reaction with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions turning the solutions orange and violet, respectively.

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    Experiment 6

    Uploaded by

    Mark Aquino
    95 views2 pages
    1) The document describes experiments testing various petroleum products (kerosene, gasoline, paraffin, petroleum ether) with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions. Reactions were observed and hydrocarbons were identified. 2) Questions are asked about octane number, the preparation of gasoline and kerosene through distillation processes, and the definition of flash point as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off ignitable vapors. 3) Hydrocarbons present in petroleum ether were identified based on its reaction with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions turning the solutions orange and violet, respectively.

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    1) The document describes experiments testing various petroleum products (kerosene, gasoline, paraffin, petroleum ether) with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions. Reactions were observed and hydrocarbons were identified. 2) Questions are asked about octane number, the preparation of gasoline and kerosene through distillation processes, and the definition of flash point as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off ignitable vapors. 3) Hydrocarbons present in petroleum ether were identified based on its reaction with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions turning the solutions orange and violet, respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    95 views2 pages

    Experiment 6

    Uploaded by

    Mark Aquino
    1) The document describes experiments testing various petroleum products (kerosene, gasoline, paraffin, petroleum ether) with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions. Reactions were observed and hydrocarbons were identified. 2) Questions are asked about octane number, the preparation of gasoline and kerosene through distillation processes, and the definition of flash point as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off ignitable vapors. 3) Hydrocarbons present in petroleum ether were identified based on its reaction with bromine and potassium permanganate solutions turning the solutions orange and violet, respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Name: Mark Miguel T.

    Aquino Date: 03/11/22

    EXPERIMENT NO. 6

    HYDROCARBON IN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

     I. PROCEDURE

    A. KEROSENE

     1. Place 3 drops of kerosene in evaporating dish and carefully apply a lighted match to the  surface of
    the liquid.

    Result: As kerosene was lighted it produces a yellow flame with smoke

    What hydrocarbons are present in kerosene? Kerosene is composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons with 10–
    16 carbons per molecule and benzene and naphthalene derivatives

     2. To 1 mL of kerosene, add 3 drops of bromine

    Result: When bromine was added to the kerosene, the kerosene became yellowish

    orange in color, it is because of the presence of the bromine water.

     3. To 1 ml of kerosene, add 3 drops of dilute KMnO4

    Result: The potassium permanganate didn’t dissolve in kerosene. Instead it stayed at

    the bottom of the test tube

    B. GASOLINE (CAUTION) No flame should be lighted in this portion)

    1. To 3 mL of gasoline, add 3 drops of bromine (CAUTION)

    Result: After exposing the gasoline with bromine solution into the light the bromine

    solution was less noticeable unlike the other portion which was not exposed to the light the bromine
    solution was much noticeable which is located at the bottom part of the test tube

     2. To 1 mL of gasoline, add 3 drops of KMNO4 solution

    Result: The potassium permanganate stayed at the bottom of the test tube

     C. PARAFFIN

    1. Place a paraffin about the size grain in a dry test tube. Warm gently and add 3 drops of bromine
    (CAUTION)

    Result: There was no reaction that occurred


     2. Melt a small piece of paraffin in a dry test tube and add 3 drops of KMnO4 solution

    Result: Nothing happened.

    D. PETROLEUM ETHER

    1. To 1 mL of petroleum ether, add 3 drops of bromine (CAUTION)

    Result: The solution was dark color orange.

     2. To 1 mL of petroleum ether, add 3 drops of KMnO4 solution

    Result: The solution turned into a violet solution

    What hydrocarbon are present in petroleum ether? ______________________

     II. QUESTIONS

    1. What is mean by “octane no” of gasoline

     Octane number shows the ability of a fuel to resist knock (pre-ignition of the fuel) in the Gasoline
    Engine that needs high compression ratios. the Cetane number is measures of ignition delay.

     2. Describe briefly the preparation of

    a. Gasoline

    Fluid catalytic cracking, or "cat cracking," is the basic gasoline-making process. Using intense heat
    (about 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit), low pressure and a powdered catalyst (a substance that accelerates
    chemical reactions), the cat cracker can convert most relatively heavy fractions into smaller gasoline
    molecules. 

    b. Kerosene

    Kerosene is a flammable liquid mixture of chemicals that are produced in the distillation of crude oil.
    To produce kerosene, crude oil is distilled in a distillation tower in a process similar to that used to
    produce diesel and gasoline.

    3. What is meant by flash point?

    “Flash point” is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test vessel in
    sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with the air near the surface of the liquid. The
    lower the flash point, the easier it is to ignite a liquid solvent.

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