LTE Interview Questions

South Africa Aircom Interview:
1. What is PRB.

2. What is TTI and one subframe TTI in mili second.
3. What is CSFB.
4. CSFB UMTS end configuration
5. Reselection parameters at LTE End
6. What is MAPL.
7. Most Important parameter in link budget for coverage (Answer is Edge Service Rate)
8. What is MCS.
9. DL & UL Modulation Schemes
10. Scheduling
11. How to increase Downlink Power in LTE.
12. What is MAC Layer.
13. How many UE modes in LTE.
14. Reselection back to LTE after Voice call done in which mode.
15. What is redirection and blind handovers?
16. PCI planning without tool
17. What is PRACH and how to do PRACH planning
18. Downlink speed low what’s step I will do to improve it.
19. LTE Channels for uplink and downlink both
20. About Cell and eNodB algorithm switches.
21. What is RRC Timer t300 timer
22. What is TAC.
23. About Paging in LTE
24. ANR implementation
KSA Ericsson Interview:
1. What Is CSFB.
2. Difference between CSFB on PS handover and Redirection.
3. Configuration of CSFB.
4. Parameter at RNC (UMTS) End for reselection of LTE after finishing call.
5. How we improve Redirection time towards UMTS.
6. Which Frequency Band Use in Namibia and Bandwidth.
7. What is maximum Throughput with 20 MHZ bandwidth with 2*2 MIMO?
8. Best Levels of SINR, RSRQ, RSRP.
9. RRC Timer for Early Idle Mode.
10. RNC End parameter for switch of UE in Idle mode quickly.
11. X2 Abnormal Relations.
12. What is A1, A2, A3, A4, and B1 Handovers.
13. In Redirection B1 Event Triggered or not?
14. In PS handover which event Triggered?
15. On which Interface Traces, we can get these events of PS Handover and Redirection?
16. Meaning of A1 threshold and A2 threshold and where we are setting it mean in which parameter.
17. Priority setting of UMTS or GERAN for CSFB
18. For Redirection and CSFB, need to configure External UMTs Cells and Neighbor UMTS Cells and Frequencies of UM
19. Switches Configuration for ANR, Handovers, Redirections and CSFB.
20. What is QCI?
21. What is MIMO?
22. What is CFI ( Yeh mujhe uss waqt damage mein nahi aya tha lakin after interview aa gaya tha)
23. What is PDDCH AND PDSCH.
24. What is Reference signal power, How to calculate and PA, PB.
25. If low throughput on Site than what possible reason?
26. If low throughput at Cell level than possible reason?
27. What is MCS? Plus Bit for QPSK, QAM 16 and QAM 64
28. Scheduling and its schedule policies.
29. What is frequency selective mode and non-frequency mode?
30. Any special feature to increase throughput (Uss waqt damage mein nahi aya lakin ICIC (Inter Cell Interference Coo
31. A2 Primary and A2 Secondary (This is not used in huawei)
32. BLER value and SCTP links and how to configure ANR.
33. Tools which I am using in daily routine.
34. If redirection failure occurred than how to troubleshoot and which logs we need to check?
35. How improve redirection time ( uss waqt zehan mein nahi aya lakin its via Blind Handovers as no need of any mea
36. What is soft frequency reuse and frequency reuse
37. How to calculate EARFCN
38. Than he asked about Ericson tools and I said I will learn very quickly :P
39. What is difference in redirection and Reselection?
40. How we collect S1, X2, UE etc traces.
ch parameter.
TS Cells and Frequencies of UMTs caries.

CIC (Inter Cell Interference Coordination) is important technology to increase throughput at edge cell users).
ndovers as no need of any measurement signaling and I tell him during parameters setting but when he asked specially tab zehan mein nah
d specially tab zehan mein nahi aya)
1. What is PRB.
Well, it depends on the design of your scheduler. In most of the literature, the scheduler actually knows how much
the eNB users data buffers, so what the scheduler does is that it allocates PRBs until either you have no free PRBS le
For example in your case of the RR scheduler, if you have 100 PRBs and 10 Users, the scheduler can allocate the PRB
user another PRB until you reach the 10th user, after that you will again given one PRB to the 1st use (so he has 2 PR
in the scheduler, once you have allocated a PRB to a user you can combine it with the other PRBs and calculate the e
exceeds the buffer occupancy of the user, then you will remove this user from the scheduler iterative loop and sche
This way you will make sure when you allocate PRBs to a user it will all be used.For the uplink, the same thing is true
signalling with the user buffer occupancy, based on this the scheduler will allocate the PRBS. the difference in Uplink
between its bearers. whereas in the downlink the scheduler actually schedules bearers and not users.
On the LTE air interface the unit of allocation is a PRB. Like you mention, a PRB is 12 subcarriers by 7 OFDM symbols
modulation scheme used for transmission of the PRB (lets ignore MIMO). Now, given that the PRB is a Unit of alloca
PRB in each slot of the subframe. Hence a UE will get a total of 2 PRBs/subframe = 84 x 2 = 168 modulation symbols
information because one needs to take out the modulation symbols used for Reference Signals, PDCCH, PCFICH, PH
MIMO antennas, bandwidth .etc. Once can safely take approximately a 25% overhead out so. About 144 usable mod
calculation" if you consider a 2x2 MIMO 10 MHz deployment. Please note, I am approximating to motivate the assoc
Now one can calculate the raw throughput based on a chosen modulation scheme. Please remember the bits that y
basis to a UE the MAC and RLC will coordinate to maximize the use of the resource allocation - though rate matchin
2. What is TTI and one subframe TTI in mili second.

TTI bundling is a useful technique for improving coverage of VOIP handsets in LTE systems. It is applicable to both FDD and TD-LTE deploy
and TD-LTE systems. TTI bundling helps achieve good latency performance for VOIP even at the edges of cells.
3. What is CSFB & CSFB UMTS end configuration

CS Fallback enables Circuit Switch (CS) based voice and supplementary services to be offered together with LTE access. To allow subscriber
from 3G/2G networks. CSFB temporarily moves subscriber from LTE down to 3G/2G during the call setup process. When the call is finished
4. Session Setup Success Rate (SSSR)

17. What is PRACH and how to do PRACH planning
Random Access Procedure in LTE
Background
When you switch on smartphone for the very first time, it will start searching for the network. There is a possibility t
different operators available in the air to which UE (user equipment) can connect. Therefore, UE needs to synchron
which it wants to connect to. UE does this by going through very initial synchronisation process. Once synchronized
this is the right PLMN. Lets assume that it finds that PLMN value to be correct and so UE will proceed with reading S
Random Access Procedure in which the network for the first time knows that some UE is trying to get access.
At this stage, UE does not have any resource or channel available to inform network about its desire to connect to it
stage, either there are many other UEs in the same area (same cell) sending same request in which there is also a po
access procedure is called contention based Random access procedure. In second scenario, network can inform UE
from other UEs. The second scenario is called contention free or non contention based random access procedure.
RACH preambles
The concept of RACH preamble though a little confusing is important in understanding the random access procedure
When UE sends the very first message of random access procedure to some network, it basically sends specific patt
requests coming from different UEs. But if two UEs uses same RACH preambles at same time then there can be colli
message of random access procedure and UE will decide any one of them randomly for contention-based random a
about which one to use
In case, when UE goes from idle state to RRC connected state, there is no way for network to inform UE about which
the preambles randomly which also result in possibility of collision if the same preamble is being used by another U
In another scenario if UE has to take handover to another eNB, in this case actually the UE can be informed about w
Steps of Random access procedure

Random access procedure consist of four steps explained below (Only contention based procedure is shown below)
Step 1: Msg1
UE selects one of the 64 available RACH preambles
Please clarify below doubts when UE goes in IDLE mode..

1) EnodeB will remove the context of UE but MME will not.. right?
2) When UE is in idle state will MME have the TEID(s1ap,s1u)? If yes then during Pagging ans Service Request will MME use the
3) If MME removes the TEID then during Pagging how will MME selects EnodeB?
4)If EnodeB has removed all context then how EnodeB will send pagging message to UE?
5)If EnodeB has removed the context then how UE Measurment (RSRP,RSSI,RSRQ) done?
6)If UE is idle for few days then MME will remove the context of UE? if not then what about the Purge UE Request (PUR) mess
When UE is idle mode then
1. Both UE and MME removes the UE context.
2. As in step 1 .. MME does not have context of UE so will not have TEID but make ECM state Idle.. (not much sure)
3. MME selects eNodeB on the basis to TA list. MME will send paging to all the eNodeB belongs to that TA list to broadcast pag
4. Paging message is broadcast in the cell with PRNTI(0XFFFF). All UE can read the paging . It is not UE specific.
5. When UE is in idle mode then UE does not need to send measurement to eNodeB.
6. MME have TAU update timer. If UE is not again updating the TA after expiring the TAU timer after that MME purse that UE.
When UE is in Idle mode It has to do certain tasks with the Network, It can be divided in to four Parts
Cell selection and re-selection
Location registration
Support for manual CSG ID selection
What does mean by higher priority cells for an UE in lte
Suppose UE is trying to re-select the cells. If UE is getting 2 cells suitable for reselction and suppose cell 1 have better RSRP com
select the cell 2 because of cell priority
Downlink Throughput Troubleshooting
Fisrt check BLER,CQI Reporting parameter,DL Interference,MIMO parameter, Scheduler limitation & other VSWR, Backhaul etc
The first thing is to identify those cells with low throughput. This threshold is defined by your network policies and practices (i
of days so that data is statistically valid.
Run a report for BLER in the cells identified. The BLER should be smaller or equal than 10%. If the value is larger, then, there is
bad coverage (holes in the network, etc.)
If low CQI values are found after a CQI report is obtained, then downlink interference might be the cause of low throughput.
On the LTE air interface the unit of allocation is a PRB. Like you mention, a PRB is 12 subcarriers by 7 OFDM symbols = 84 mod
achieved will depend on the modulation scheme used for transmission of the PRB (lets ignore MIMO). Now, given that the PRB
a single UE during a subframe (1 ms) are 2 PRBs with one PRB in each slot of the subframe. Hence a UE will get a total of 2 PRB
symbols/subframe. Now, not all the 168 modulation symbols can be used to transmit user information because one needs to t
Reference Signals, PDCCH, PCFICH, PHICH and PSS, SSS, PBCH if applicable. The amount of overhead will depend on number o
safely take approximately a 25% overhead out so. About 144 usable modulation symbols per subframe is a reasonable approx
you consider a 2x2 MIMO 10 MHz deployment. Please note, I am approximating to motivate the associated concepts.
Now one can calculate the raw throughput based on a chosen modulation scheme. Please remember the bits that you calcula
overhead. Also on a subframe basis to a UE the MAC and RLC will coordinate to maximize the use of the resource allocation - t
while assembling the MAC PDU for transmission.

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South Africa Aircom Interview:

1. What is PRB.

TS Cells and Frequencies of UMTs caries.

2. What is TTI and one subframe TTI in mili second.

3. What is CSFB & CSFB UMTS end configuration

4. Session Setup Success Rate (SSSR)

Steps of Random access procedure

Please clarify below doubts when UE goes in IDLE mode..

What does mean by higher priority cells for an UE in lte

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