Biology Investigatory Project

-BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT-
Topic: Effect of Fertilizers on germination and

growth of seeds.
INDEX
1. Acknowledgement
2. Introduction
3. Aim
4. Materials Required
5. Procedure
6. Observation
7. Graph
8. Inference
9. Conclusion
10.Scopeof the project
11.Bibliography
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I am grateful to acknowledge the aid I

received to complete this project. I would,
firstly, like to express my utmost gratitude
towards my teacher, Ms. Ajanta Bhowmick as
well as my principal, Sr. Celine, who gave me
this wonderful opportunity to learn more about
fertilizers and their various effects on plants
and surroundings.
I would also like to thank my parents and
friends who helped me a lot in gathering
different information and motivating me
during the covered period.
INTRODUCTION
(Pre-Requisite Knowledge)
Fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is

applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.
Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-
nutrient soil amendments. Many sources of fertilizer exist, both
natural and industrially produced.
For most modern agricultural practices, fertilization focuses on

three main macronutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P),
and Potassium (K) with the occasional addition of supplements
like rock dust for micronutrients. Farmers apply these fertilizers
in a variety of ways: through dry or pelletized or liquid
application processes, using large agricultural equipment or
hand-tool methods.
These have a major role in the growth of the plant and users
must be aware of their pros as well as cons.
AIM
To study the effect of fertilizers and manures on

the rate of growth of epicotyl of a seed (on a small
scale).
MATERIAL REQUIRED
 3 medium-sized pots
 Seeds or sprouts(fenugreek sprouts)
 Fertilizer
 Bio-organic Manure
 Soil
 Water
 Suitable place to grow pants (availability
of light)
PROCEDURE
During the making of the project, the following
steps were involved:
Plastic pots along with some soil, and manure
to be gathered ad prepared to be sown. Make
sure to make small holes in the bottom of the 3
pots for the exit of excess water.
Fill each with an equal amount of soil.
Label them as “1”, “2”, and “3”. Add 1

tablespoon of chemical fertilizer in the first pot
and the same quantity of manure in the third.
Make sure the 2nd pot doesn’t get any
additional supplements and the plant grows
naturally.
Add about 10 sprouts into each of the plastic

pots and carefully cover them with the soil.
Observe the growth at a regular interval for
about 15-20 days.
Record the observation of the plants and their

growth to compile and analyze.
OBSERVATION
Height of the plants in respective pots:

No.of LENGTH OF (approx.)
days EPICOTYL
FERTILIZER MANURE NORMAL
5 2.7 2.3 2.1
6 3.1 2.7 2.4
7 3.8 3.2 2.9
8 4.7 4.2 3.5
9 5.6 4.7 4.1
10 6.1 5.7 5.5
11 6.5 6.2 6.1
12 7.4 6.9 7.3
13 8.5 7.4 7.7
18 10.2 9.8 8.4
GRAPH
-PLANT GROWTH DATA-
FERTILIZER MANURE NORMAL
12
10
0
5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 18th
INFERENCE
Pot 1:
The plants in the pot undergo rapid growth, due to
fertilizer added, to such an extent that some of the
plant die or wither due to the excess chemicals.
Pot 2:
Sprouts germinated experience natural growth due
to no additional chemicals added . These plants
also persisted for a longer time.
Pot3:
Manure added helped the plants in this opot
heighten the best and the growth was medium and
harmless to the plants growing in it.
CONCLUSION
Excess fertilizers can be harmful to
germinating seeds and thus, should only be
used in the appropriate amount to make it
beneficial for the plant.
Growth of plants is observed best in manure,

since it is a natural extract, and can supply
better quality nutrients to the plants.
Lack of water is extremely undesirable when

plants or trees are growing as water is an
essential part of their nutrition and is important
in their development process.
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The project focuses on the pros and cons that
come with the discovery of high-tech aids like
fertilizers and if used in excess can be a danger
to the environment.
Applying more than what is suggested or
needed by a plant may help them grow fast, but
it can have negative consequences on the
ecosystem. It’s better to be aware of the
required components of fertilizer for a
particular plant.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Biology textbook (NCERT)

 www.wikipedia.com
 www.NHBLI.com
 Previous year projects.
..THANK YOU..

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-BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY

Topic: Effect of Fertilizers on germination and

I am grateful to acknowledge the aid I

Fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is

For most modern agricultural practices, fertilization focuses on

To study the effect of fertilizers and manures on

Label them as “1”, “2”, and “3”. Add 1

Add about 10 sprouts into each of the plastic

Record the observation of the plants and their

Height of the plants in respective pots:

Growth of plants is observed best in manure,

Lack of water is extremely undesirable when

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

 Biology textbook (NCERT)

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