Republic of the Philippines

COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

Higher Education Regional Office VI (HERO VI)
City Government of Bago
BAGO CITY COLLEGE
Rafael Salas Drive, Brgy. Balingasag, Bago City, Negros Occidental 6101
Tel: [034] 4611-363 | Fax: [034] 4610-546 | E-mail: bagocitycollege@yahoo.com.ph
Modules in Teaching Approaches in Secondary Social Studies
SOCIAL STUDIES

Module 2: To develop in the beginning teacher the skills of: Lesson Planning and Presentation and Use of Variety teaching methods and techniques
Intended Learning Outcome: At the end of this module, the student must have:
1. Identified and defined different approaches method and techniques for secondary social studies through online research.
2. Made a Detailed Lesson Plan stipulating different method and strategies for secondary social studies student.
3. Reflected on the different approaches, methods, techniques through citing situation how/when he/she could apply it as a future teacher.
A. Introduction
The classroom is a dynamic environment, bringing together students from different backgrounds with various abilities and personalities. Being an effective teacher
therefore requires the implementation of creative and innovative teaching strategies in order to meet students individual needs.
Whether you’ve been teaching two months or twenty years, it can be difficult to know which teaching approaches will work best with your students. As a teacher
there is no one size fits all solution.
B. Activities (Search Me)
With the given teaching methods complete the table by giving its definition and cite one specific example for each method.
 Teaching Approaches/Methods Definition Cited Example
1. Stimulation The stimulation teaching method develops the ability of an Teacher A gives a performance task to his students
individual regarding problem-solving behavior. It has been to take on the roles of party delegates to a political
defined as role-playing strongly in which the learner performs convention and run the model convention. As a
the role in an artificially created environment. Moreover, a result, they are learning about the election process
simulation is a form of experiential learning and it is a by simulating a political convention.
strategy that fits well with the principles of Student-Centered
and constructivist learning and teaching.
2. Laboratory The laboratory teaching method utilizes raw data or material Teacher A wants his students to investigate the
things to produce a better understanding of the subject matter growing process of a plant particularly, the Hibiscus
or lesson. It uses reality instead of symbols and the learners plant and they will individually plant it in different
are learning by doing the actual work and it is either soils such as; sandy soil, slit soil, clay soil, and loamy
investigatory or experimental. In addition, the laboratory soil and see afterward what kind of soil is more
method is also frequently used to develop skills necessary for effective to the development of the plant.
more advanced study or research. Subsequently, they will draw a conclusion on how
long does the plant takes to be fully grown and what
soil is not productive, effectual, and recommended.
3. Inquiry The inquiry teaching method is a student-centered learning Teacher A discusses the lesson regarding the cause
approach with the concept of students who are actively and effect of climate change. Afterward, he will ask
involved in the teaching and learning activity under the a question specifically, on how they can be able to
monitoring and supervision of teachers. Furthermore, it is a provide some possible solutions to lessen the effect of
teaching approach that emphasizes students’ questions, ideas, climate change. Then after the question was given,
and observations. Instructors actively encourage students to the students began to think and brainstorm the
share their thoughts and to respectfully challenge, test, and possible answers and will able to recite them later on
redefine ideas. With inquiry-based learning, instructors and by raising their hands.
students share responsibility for learning. It requires higher-
order thinking skills and critical thinking to make conclusions.
4. Project The project teaching method is one of the modern methods of Teacher A wants his students to have an aesthetic
teaching in which, the student's point of view is given project and in doing this project they will create
importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. their own video presentation poem or a song
This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and regarding the significant event of their life. Their
the principle of ‘Learning by doing’. In this strategy, pupils creativity is a must and their scores are based on the
perform constructive activities in natural conditions. A project given rubrics. The video should last at least 3 to 5
is a list of real-life that has been imparted into the school. It minutes and if they are done, they will send it to
demands work from the pupils. teacher A via messenger.
5. Dramatization The dramatization teaching method refers to a collection of When teacher A already finished discussing the
teaching tools that include traditional drama techniques, such different kinds of government. He gave his students
as improvisation, storytelling, role-playing, and games. A lot a performance task and he began to group them into
C. Analysis
Based on the above activity answer the following questions below.
1. How do you find the activity where do you think these methods will be applied?
First of all, all approaches and methods have their own specific activity and some methods cannot be applied in some activity which can cause irrelevance. In order to find the
appropriate method, knowing the suitable activity is a must. For example, to enhance the critical thinking skills of the students and develop their own reasoning and
understanding, I group my students into 4 groups and the activity that I give to them is situational questions, analogies, and crossword puzzles. Analyzing the given activity
will lead me to the conclusion on what method is being practiced in that situation so, therefore, I use problem-solving and construction approach/method. There is a proper
method in an individual activity that will guide me on what method is applicable or not. Nevertheless, as a future educator, mastering all the approaches and methods are very
necessary and will truly help me to become an efficient and effective teacher someday. Indeed, these various strategies are very significant for all the teachers and also, for all
the aspiring educators.
2. Do you have difficulty in giving its specific examples? How were you able to come up with such idea?
At first, I have difficulties in providing specific examples but later on, as I continue searching and analyzing the given definition, I come up with an idea on how am I able to
answer and give its particular examples. I come to realize that all those approaches and methods are already applied by my former teachers back in my elementary, high
school, and senior high school and up until now, by my current teachers in college. In this way, I was been able to come up with several ideas and began to connect my
situation in the past which is what I experience today. Aside from that, understanding with precise comprehension the given definition gives me a clear interpretation of the
whole concept of various teaching approaches and methods thus, I am able to construct my specific examples in a coherent perception and concord way. After all, I have
learned a lot from these ideas and all of them are the fundamental strategies that are very helpful and beneficial to me as an aspiring educator in today’s generation.

3. If you were already a teacher which method, will you apply in teaching and why?

I think if I were already a teacher and there is no pandemic, I will definitely apply all those methods because I personally believe that all of those approaches were created for
the benefit of the teachers and students. But in this case of a pandemic, the methods that are presented are not quite applicable in any instance. Therefore, for temporary
purposes, I would rather apply the methods Discussion, Lecture, Questions and Answer, Projects, and Home Assignment. I think the teaching approaches/methods such as
discussion, lecture, and questions and answers are appropriate to apply in these pandemic times with the help of google meet, and all of the discussion, lectures, and questions
and answers will be presented virtually through the application according to the given time and in this way, it will avoid the spreading of virus and physical contact with
others. I will also apply the projects and home assignments and all of their works are obliged to send in my messenger by screenshotting it because these methods are so
convenient especially for those students who are far from their schools and in this way, they can also learn from their own and do their activities in a suitable way.
D. Abstraction
In this part of the module, you will be answering series of questions that will ignite your understanding and draw a certain conclusion about the importance of
teaching approaches, methods, techniques in classroom instruction.
Guide questions:
1. What is the importance of teaching approaches, methods, techniques as teacher in the classroom instructions?
As a teacher, the significance of teaching approaches, methods, and techniques in the classroom instructions are, it gives me the fundamental foundation on how am I going
to deliver all of my learning activities in an effective means and enhance the students’ learning process and development in an appropriate manner. These sorts of various
strategies will help me to reach my full potential and most importantly, to motivate and encourage my students to participate and get involved in any endeavor. Through
this, I will be able to know the strength and weaknesses of my students and evaluate all their needs and scaffold it. Besides, it will promote flexible thinking and teach
students the importance of shifting their strategies to different tasks. Moreover, I can be able to deliver my activities in a meaningful way at the same time, improve my
quality of teaching and develop my students’ participation as well as enhance their higher cognitive skills and interaction with others.
2. In this time of Pandemic (COVID19), how are you going to ensure that you can employ/apply a better strategy towards your learners even though face-to-face classes is
not allowed?
To ensure the safeties of my students, I would only apply the methods that are not engaged in any physical contact. I will prohibit the approaches/methods that involved
traveling from one place to another such as; field trips and face-to-face discussion and lectures. To better apply the methods in an effective scheme I will oblige my students
to download the application google meet which is the most convenient application or means in these times of pandemic to deliver my various topic and lessons in a very
accessible means without recommending them to have physical contact with me as well as to the others, to avoid the spreading of the virus to everyone. Furthermore, for
the security and protection of my students, I will not allow them to pass their activities in a physical manner thus, I will let them do their projects, assignments, and tasks in
their houses and require them to take some screenshots of their works send it to my messenger or Gmail. In this way, there is no physical contact and they can do their
activities self-independently with creativity and learn from their own way. Also, even though there are no face-face classes they can continue to instill knowledge within
themselves and develop their critical thinking skills and unlock their own potentials.

3. Is there an approach, methods, techniques you can recommend? to be use by the teachers as of today that is applicable to the needs of the learners without sacrificing the
safety or health of our students? Explain your answer.
I think the most recommended approach in teaching in these pandemic times is the technological and virtual method of teaching. Specifically, the virtual method of
teaching uses computer software, laptops, cellphones, the Internet, or both to deliver instruction to students. This minimizes or eliminates the need for teachers and students
to share a classroom. Through this approach, I can assure the security and protection of my students and it is also one way to avoid physical contact with one another.
Furthermore, all the teaching activities, discussions, lectures, projects, tasks, assignment, and etc. will be given in a virtual meeting through an application whether via
zoom, messenger, google meet, or any application that are convenient for all the students. All of their task and activities are required to pass whether via messenger, google
classroom, or Gmail, and in this way, there is no need for the students to go to their teachers or to their schools.
E. Application (Lesson Planning)
Make a Detailed Lesson Plan following the 4 A’s format (Activity, Analysis, Abstract and Application).
Choose your own topic which must be aligned with your course (Social Studies Subjects).
Demonstrate your lesson plan. Look for at least 5 or 10 persons in your Barangay or Sitio, they will serve as your student.
Take a video showing your demonstration towards your students.
 Be guided by the teaching demonstration rubrics given as to how you will be rated o this task.

Indicators 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Classroom Management

Content
Pedagogy/Delivery
Assessment
Teaching Qualities
Total 25 points
F. Evaluation:
Based on the procedures you made on this module, I want you to foresee yourself as a teacher. Complete the approach method and techniques on the table below by
providing a situation on how could you apply each method in teaching.
 Approaches/ Methods/Techniques Your personal situation on how to apply this method as a teacher.

1. Stimulation As a teacher, I will be able to apply this method to my students whenever I give a
performance task particularly, a role-play or drama that simulates the various situations
in real-life activities, for example, the students will be able to simulate the system of
governance that includes democracy, theocracy, and communism in order for the
students to know on how people behave in these government, what kind of leadership
and governance they have, and how the system works or process so that the students
can better understand and experience the real situation by their own. In this way, it will
promote the use of critical and evaluative thinking as well as encourages students to
contemplate the implications of a scenario. The situation feels real and thus leads to
more engaging interaction by learners.

2. Laboratory As a teacher, I will be able to apply this method to my students whenever we have an
experiment or investigatory activity, for example, I will be going to give an activity with
regards to the physical change. I will also present the materials that are needed in this
activity. The activity procedure is 1.) they will put a cube of ice at room temperature in 5
minutes 2.) Afterward, they will observe what happens to the ice. 3.) Later on, once it
turns into liquid, they will heat it up and observe again what happens to the water. After
that, I will ask my students what are changes that occur in the given activity? and are
there any changes in composition? In this way, they will be able to answer the given
activity with deep comprehension and analytical reasoning and also, help them learn to
address the challenges inherent in directly observing and manipulating the material
world, including troubleshooting equipment used to make observations, understanding
measurement error, and interpreting and aggregating the resulting data as well as
developing practical skills.

3. Inquiry As a teacher, I will be able to apply this method to my students whenever we have a
discussion, for example, I will be able to discuss the common environmental issues in
society and their greater effect on humanity afterward, I will throw a question to them
particularly, as a student how can you provide several solutions to lessen or eradicate
the several issues that your society is facing right now? Later on, my students will begin
to think for the answers and share their ideas with everyone. In this way, it will
challenge their critical thinking skills and their capacity to think about how to solve the
given problems as well as help them to make their own connections about what they
learn. Their curiosity helps them engage and gain a deeper understanding of topics and
content, instead of primarily memorizing and recalling rules, ideas, or formulas.

4. Project As a teacher, I will be able to apply this method to my students by giving them either an
individual or group project, for example, I want them to design a poster in line with the