MATH

04
3rd LONG EXAM
COMPLEX NUMBERS
ANSWER KEY

1. Identify the imaginary part of the product of the two complex numbers.
a. 3 + 2𝑖 and 7 + 4𝑖
Solution:
3 + 2𝑖 7 + 4𝑖 = 21 + 8 𝑖 W + 12𝑖 + 14𝑖
= 21 + 8 −1 + 26𝑖
= 13 + 26𝑖
Answer: 26
b. 3 − 2𝑖 and 7 + 4𝑖
Solution:
3 − 2𝑖 7 + 4𝑖 = 21 − 8 𝑖 W + 12𝑖 − 14𝑖
= 21 − 8 −1 + −2𝑖
= 29 − 2𝑖
Answer: −2
c. 3 − 2𝑖 and 7 − 4𝑖
Solution:
3 − 2𝑖 7 − 4𝑖 = 21 + 8 𝑖 W + −12𝑖 − 14𝑖
= 21 + 8 −1 + −26𝑖
= 13 − 26𝑖
Answer: −26
2. a. Find the complex conjugate of the difference if you subtract −2 − 5𝑖 by −3𝑖 W .
Solution:
−2 − 5𝑖 − −3𝑖 W = −2 − 5𝑖 − 9𝑖 W
= −2 − 5𝑖 − 9 −1
= 7 − 5𝑖
Answer: 7 + 5i
b. Find the complex conjugate of the difference if you subtract −2 − 5𝑖 from −3𝑖 W .
Solution:
−3𝑖 W − −2 − 5𝑖 = 9𝑖 W − −2 − 5𝑖
= 9 −1 + 2 + 5𝑖
= −7 + 5𝑖
Answer: −7 − 5i
b. Find the complex conjugate of the difference if you subtract −2 − 5𝑖 by −3𝑖 W .
Solution:
−2 − 5𝑖 − −3𝑖 W = −2 − 5𝑖 − −3𝑖 W
= −2 − 5𝑖 + 3 −1
= −5 − 5𝑖
Answer: −5 + 5i
 3 − 2𝑖 + 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖
3. a. Find .
−2 − 3𝑖
Solution:
3 − 2𝑖 + 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖 3 − 2𝑖 + −𝑖 2 − 3𝑖
=
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 − 3𝑖
3 − 2𝑖 + −2𝑖 − 3
=
−2 − 3𝑖
−4𝑖
=
−2 − 3𝑖
−4𝑖 −2 + 3𝑖
= ∙
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 + 3𝑖
8𝑖 + 12
=
4+9
8𝑖 + 12
=
13
12 + 8𝑖 12 8𝑖 12 8
Answer: = + = + 𝑖
13 13 13 13 13
−3 + 2𝑖 + 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖
b. Find .
−2 − 3𝑖
Solution:
−3 + 2𝑖 + 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖 −3 + 2𝑖 + −𝑖 2 − 3𝑖
=
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 − 3𝑖
−3 + 2𝑖 + −2𝑖 − 3
=
−2 − 3𝑖
−6
=
−2 − 3𝑖
−6 −2 + 3𝑖
= ∙
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 + 3𝑖
12 − 18𝑖
=
4+9
12 − 18𝑖
=
13
12 − 18𝑖 12 18𝑖 12 18
Answer: = − = − 𝑖
13 13 13 13 13
3 − 2𝑖 − 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖
c. Find .
−2 − 3𝑖
Solution:
3 − 2𝑖 − 𝑖 ^ 2 − 3𝑖 3 − 2𝑖 − −𝑖 2 − 3𝑖
=
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 − 3𝑖
3 − 2𝑖 − −2𝑖 − 3
=
−2 − 3𝑖
6
=
−2 − 3𝑖
6 −2 + 3𝑖
= ∙
−2 − 3𝑖 −2 + 3𝑖
−12 + 18𝑖
=
4+9
−12 + 18𝑖
=
13
−12 + 18𝑖 12 18𝑖 12 18
Answer: =− + = − + 𝑖
13 13 13 13 13

4. Determine the modulus and the argument of the complex number.
a. 𝑧 = 3 − 3𝑖.
Solution:
Modulus
W
𝑟= 3 + −3 W = 3 + 9 = 12
Argument
−3
𝜃 = tande = −60°, since 𝑧 is in QIV, then 𝜃 = −60° + 360° = 300°
3
Answer: 𝑟 = 12 and 𝜃 = 300°
b. 𝑧 = − 3 + 3𝑖.
Solution:
Modulus
W
𝑟= − 3 + 3 W = 3 + 9 = 12
Argument
3
𝜃 = tande = −60°, since 𝑧 is in QII, then 𝜃 = −60° + 180° = 120°
− 3
Answer: 𝑟 = 12 and 𝜃 = 120°
5. What is the location of the quotient of the given complex numbers.
2 − 3𝑖
a. .
2 + 3𝑖
Solution:
2 − 3𝑖 2 − 3𝑖 2 − 3𝑖
= ∙
2 + 3𝑖 2 + 3𝑖 2 − 3𝑖
5 − 12𝑖
=
13
5 12
= − − 𝑖
13 13
Answer: Q3 because both real part and imaginary part are negative.
2 + 3𝑖
b. .
2 − 3𝑖
Solution:
2 + 3𝑖 2 + 3𝑖 2 + 3𝑖
= ∙
2 − 3𝑖 2 − 3𝑖 2 + 3𝑖
−5 + 12𝑖
=
13
5 12
= − + 𝑖
13 13
Answer: Q2 because real part is negative and the imaginary part is negative.



6. Convert the complex number in polar form to rectangular form.
5𝜋 5𝜋
a. 𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin .
4 4
Solution:
5𝜋 5𝜋 2 2
𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin =4 2 − −𝑖 = −4 − 4𝑖
4 4 2 2
Answer: 𝑧 = −4 − 4𝑖
7𝜋 7𝜋
b. 𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin .
4 4
Solution:
7𝜋 7𝜋 2 2
𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin =4 2 −𝑖 = 4 − 4𝑖
4 4 2 2
Answer: 𝑧 = 4 − 4𝑖
3𝜋 3𝜋
c. 𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin .
4 4
Solution:
3𝜋 3𝜋 2 2
𝑧 = 4 2 cos + 𝑖 sin =4 2 − +𝑖 = −4 + 4𝑖
4 4 2 2
Answer: 𝑧 = −4 + 4𝑖
7. Given:.
𝑧e = 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80° , 𝑧W = 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40° , and 𝑧^ = cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
𝑧W ^ 𝑧e
a. Find .
𝑧^
Solution:
^
𝑧W ^ 𝑧e 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40° ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
𝑧^ cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
3^ cos 3 ∙ 40° + 𝑖 sin 3 ∙ 40° ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
27 cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120° ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
27 ∙ 2 cos 120° + 80° + 𝑖 sin 120° + 80°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
54 cos 200° + 𝑖 sin 200°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
= 54 cos 200° − 120° + 𝑖 sin 200° − 120°
= 54 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
𝑧W ^ 𝑧e
Answer: = 54 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
𝑧^
 𝑧e ^ 𝑧W
b. Find .
𝑧^
Solution:
^
𝑧e ^ 𝑧W 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80° ∙ 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
=
𝑧^ cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
2^ cos 3 ∙ 80° + 𝑖 sin 3 ∙ 80° ∙ 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
8 cos 240° + 𝑖 sin 240° ∙ 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
8 ∙ 3 cos 240° + 40° + 𝑖 sin 240° + 40°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
24 cos 280° + 𝑖 sin 280°
=
cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120°
= 24 cos 280° − 120° + 𝑖 sin 280° − 120°
= 24 cos 160° + 𝑖 sin 160°
𝑧e ^ 𝑧W
Answer: = 24 cos 160° + 𝑖 sin 160°
𝑧^
𝑧^ ^ 𝑧e
c. Find .
𝑧W
Solution:
𝑧^ ^ 𝑧e cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120° ^ ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
𝑧W 3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
cos 3 ∙ 120° + 𝑖 sin 3 ∙ 120° ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
cos 360° + 𝑖 sin 360° ∙ 2 cos 80° + 𝑖 sin 80°
=
3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
1 ∙ 2 cos 360° + 80° + 𝑖 sin 360° + 80°
=
3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
2 cos 440° + 𝑖 sin 440°
=
3 cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
2
= cos 440° − 40° + 𝑖 sin 440° − 40°
3
2
= cos 400° + 𝑖 sin 400°
3
𝑧^ ^ 𝑧e 2
Answer: = cos 40° + 𝑖 sin 40°
𝑧W 3


8. Find the 6th roots of 𝑧 in the standard form.
a. 𝑧 = 3𝑖.
Solution:
𝑧 = 3𝑖 = 3 cos 90° + 𝑖 sin 90°
o 90° + 360°𝑘 90° + 360°𝑘
𝑤n = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o 90° + 360° 0 90° + 360° 0
𝑤q = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 15° + 𝑖 sin 15° ≈ 1.16 + 0.31𝑖
o 90° + 360° 1 90° + 360° 1
𝑤e = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 75° + 𝑖 sin 75° ≈ 0.31 + 1.16𝑖
o 90° + 360° 2 90° + 360° 2
𝑤W = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 135° + 𝑖 sin 135° ≈ −0.85 + 0.85𝑖
o 90° + 360° 3 90° + 360° 3
𝑤^ = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 195° + 𝑖 sin 195° ≈ −1.16 − 0.31𝑖
o 90° + 360° 4 90° + 360° 4
𝑤s = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 255° + 𝑖 sin 255° ≈ −0.31 − 1.16𝑖
o 90° + 360° 5 90° + 360° 5
𝑤t = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 315° + 𝑖 sin 315° ≈ 0.85 − 0.85𝑖

b. 𝑧 = 3.
Solution:
𝑧 = 3 = 3 cos 0° + 𝑖 sin 0°
o 0° + 360°𝑘 0° + 360°𝑘
𝑤n = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o 0° + 360° 0 0° + 360° 0
𝑤q = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 0° + 𝑖 sin 0° ≈ 1.20
o 0° + 360° 1 0° + 360° 1
𝑤e = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
 o
= 3 cos 60° + 𝑖 sin 60° ≈ 0.60 + 1.04𝑖
o 0° + 360° 2 0° + 360° 2
𝑤W = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120° ≈ −0.60 + 1.04𝑖
o 0° + 360° 3 0° + 360° 3
𝑤^ = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 180° + 𝑖 sin 180° ≈ −1.20
o 0° + 360° 4 0° + 360° 4
𝑤s = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 240° + 𝑖 sin 240° ≈ −0.60 − 1.04𝑖
o 0° + 360° 5 0° + 360° 5
𝑤t = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 300° + 𝑖 sin 300° ≈ 0.60 − 1.04𝑖

c. 𝑧 = −3𝑖.
Solution:
𝑧 = −3𝑖 = 3 cos 270° + 𝑖 sin 270°
o 270° + 360°𝑘 270° + 360°𝑘
𝑤n = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o 270° + 360° 0 270° + 360° 0
𝑤q = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 45° + 𝑖 sin 45° ≈ 0.85 + 0.85𝑖
o 270° + 360° 1 270° + 360° 1
𝑤e = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 105° + 𝑖 sin 105° ≈ −0.31 + 1.16𝑖
o 270° + 360° 2 270° + 360° 2
𝑤W = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 165° + 𝑖 sin 165° ≈ −1.16 + 0.31𝑖
o 270° + 360° 3 270° + 360° 3
𝑤^ = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 225° + 𝑖 sin 225° ≈ −0.85 − 0.85𝑖
o 270° + 360° 4 270° + 360° 4
𝑤s = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 285° + 𝑖 sin 285° ≈ 0.31 − 1.16𝑖
 o 270° + 360° 5 270° + 360° 5
𝑤t = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 345° + 𝑖 sin 345° ≈ 1.16 − 0.31𝑖

c. 𝑧 = −3
Solution:
𝑧 = −3 = 3 cos 180° + 𝑖 sin 180°
o 180° + 360°𝑘 180° + 360°𝑘
𝑤n = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o 180° + 360° 0 180° + 360° 0
𝑤q = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 30° + 𝑖 sin 30° ≈ 1.04 + 0.60𝑖
o 180° + 360° 1 180° + 360° 1
𝑤e = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 90° + 𝑖 sin 90° ≈ 1.20𝑖
o 180° + 360° 2 180° + 360° 2
𝑤W = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 120° + 𝑖 sin 120° ≈ −0.60 + 1.04𝑖
o 180° + 360° 3 180° + 360° 3
𝑤^ = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 180° + 𝑖 sin 180° ≈ −1.20
o 180° + 360° 4 180° + 360° 4
𝑤s = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 240° + 𝑖 sin 240° ≈ −0.60 − 1.04𝑖
o 180° + 360° 5 180° + 360° 5
𝑤t = 3 cos + 𝑖 sin
6 6
o
= 3 cos 300° + 𝑖 sin 300° ≈ 0.60 − 1.04𝑖