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Developmental Theory

Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma's Developmental Theory defines 3 stages of career development: 1) The fantasy stage (childhood) where play becomes work-oriented and initial activity preferences form. 2) The tentative period (ages 11-17) where awareness of abilities and values increases and vocational interests are explored. 3) The realistic stage (ages 17-young adult) where career choices are narrowed down and a commitment is made to job training or employment. The theory emphasizes career development as a lifelong process as work goals and environments change over time.

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Hazel Dialino
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123 views

Developmental Theory

Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma's Developmental Theory defines 3 stages of career development: 1) The fantasy stage (childhood) where play becomes work-oriented and initial activity preferences form. 2) The tentative period (ages 11-17) where awareness of abilities and values increases and vocational interests are explored. 3) The realistic stage (ages 17-young adult) where career choices are narrowed down and a commitment is made to job training or employment. The theory emphasizes career development as a lifelong process as work goals and environments change over time.

Uploaded by

Hazel Dialino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Explain the 3 Stages of Ginzberg, Ginsberg, Axelrad, & Herma's Developmental Theory

Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma (1951) were the first to consider career
development to be a lifelong process, with a focus on very early development. Their
perspectives included changes as a result of any crises that adults may face, as well as
changes as a result of life span development.

Ginzberg and colleagues define three distinct stages or periods in the career-
choice process, each of which is further subdivided. Play gradually becomes work
oriented during the fantasy stage (childhood before age it) and reflects initial
preferences for certain types of activities. The second period, known as the tentative
period, lasts from ages II to 17 and is divided into four substages (interest, capacity,
values, and transition). During the preliminary period, the individual becomes more
aware of job requirements as well as his or her own abilities and values, and makes
decisions about vocational interests and dislikes. At the realistic stage (between the ages
of 17 and young), at the realistic stage (ages 17 to young adult), perceived abilities and
occupational interests are more fully integrated. as the individual first limits his or her
choices to a few possibilities and thereafter makes a commitment by choosing a
particular a job or entering specialized training. They emphasized that for those seeking
major job satisfaction, career development is a lifelong process. As work goals change,
a person will reassess how to improve it in relation to the work environment.

In general, a practitioner can use a developmental theory's assumptions as a


gauge or reference point for where the client is or should be and where they should be
moving towards. That, in my opinion, is a risky practice because it implies making a lot of
assumptions that, in today's dynamic job market and, by extension, career planning
reality, may be far from the truth for that specific client.

I still believe his work is valuable in that it recognizes different stages of decision-
making, even if linking it to different stages of life, as he did, makes less sense. I'm not sure
about your experience, but in my work with adolescents and young adults, I've seen
people in different walks of life, often of the same age, at all stages of Developmental
Theory.

The real importance of this theory, in my opinion, is the acknowledgment and


realization of career planning as a process, essentially a life-long process, rather than a
one-time conscious choice.

HAZEL T. DIALINO
MAED, Guidance and Counseling

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