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    PPT-16, Subject-Physics, Class - 11, Work, Energy and Power

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    Shoryamann Sharma
    1. The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and power in physics. It defines work, energy, and power, and provides formulas and examples for each. 2. Potential energy is defined as the energy due to an object's position or shape, and kinetic energy as the energy due to motion. The work-energy theorem states that work done equals the change in kinetic energy. 3. Power is defined as the rate of doing work or consuming energy. Common units like watts and horsepower are explained. The principle of conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

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    PPT-16, Subject-Physics, Class - 11, Work, Energy and Power

    Uploaded by

    Shoryamann Sharma
    1K views8 pages
    1. The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and power in physics. It defines work, energy, and power, and provides formulas and examples for each. 2. Potential energy is defined as the energy due to an object's position or shape, and kinetic energy as the energy due to motion. The work-energy theorem states that work done equals the change in kinetic energy. 3. Power is defined as the rate of doing work or consuming energy. Common units like watts and horsepower are explained. The principle of conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

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    PPT-16 ,Subject-Physics ,Class -11 ,Work,energy and power

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    1. The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and power in physics. It defines work, energy, and power, and provides formulas and examples for each. 2. Potential energy is defined as the energy due to an object's position or shape, and kinetic energy as the energy due to motion. The work-energy theorem states that work done equals the change in kinetic energy. 3. Power is defined as the rate of doing work or consuming energy. Common units like watts and horsepower are explained. The principle of conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views8 pages

    PPT-16, Subject-Physics, Class - 11, Work, Energy and Power

    Uploaded by

    Shoryamann Sharma
    1. The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and power in physics. It defines work, energy, and power, and provides formulas and examples for each. 2. Potential energy is defined as the energy due to an object's position or shape, and kinetic energy as the energy due to motion. The work-energy theorem states that work done equals the change in kinetic energy. 3. Power is defined as the rate of doing work or consuming energy. Common units like watts and horsepower are explained. The principle of conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

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    of 8

    Work , energy and power

    Physics-11

    VALUE POINTS : Knowledge ,applications


    ,understanding and recall of previous
    topics
    Work : Work is measured by the product of
    force and displacement of the body along the
    direction of force. It is a scalar quantity and
    its SI unit is joule.
    - If a body gets displaced by S when a force F acts
    on it, then

    Work W = F S Cos θ
    Where θ = angle between force and displacement

    Note: The condition for a force to do work is that it


    should produce motion in an object, i.e. if the
    distance moved is zero, and then the work done on
    an object is also zero. For example, if a man
    pushes a wall, but there is no displacement that is
    wall is stationary it does not move, then, the work
    done by the man on the wall is zero. But the work
    done on the body of the man himself is not zero.
    Because while pushing the wall man consumes
    energy, his muscles are stretched and he feels
    tired.
    Energy
    Capacity of doing work by a body is called
    energy. Energy is a scalar quantity i.e. it has only
    magnitude but no direction and its unit is joule.
    The energy required to do 1 joule of work is
    called 1 joule energy.
    1 Kilojoules (KJ) = 1000 joules (J)
    The unit joule is named after a British
    physicist James Prescott Joule.
    - Energy developed by a body due to work done on
    it is called mechanical energy. It is of two types:
    (i) Potential Energy

    (ii) Kinetic Energy

    Potential Energy: The capacity of doing work


    developed in a body due to its position or
    configuration or we can say that the energy of a
    body due to its position or change in shape. For
    e.g. Energy of compressed string, energy of water
    collected at a height, energy of spring in a watch
    etc.
    - The energy of a body due to its position above
    the ground is called gravitational potential energy.
    - The energy of a body due to change its shape
    and size is called elastic potential energy.
    - Potential energy of a body in the gravitational
    field of earth is mgh. where m = mass, g =
    acceleration due to gravity, h = height of the body
    from surface of the earth.

    Kinetic Energy: The energy of a body due to its


    motion. The kinetic energy of an object can be
    related to its mass and velocity with the formula,

    Work –energy theorem : The work done by the


    force on an object is equal to the change in the
    object's kinetic energy
    v2 –u2 =2as
    a=( v2 –u2 )/2s
    F = ma
    F= m ( v2 –u2 )/2s
    This formula for force can be substituted in to the
    formula for work,
    W = Fs
    W= m ( v2 –u2 ) s/2s
    W =1/2 m( v2 –u2 )
    Therefore, the work done by the force on an object
    is equal to the change in the object's kinetic
    energy,
    W = K 2 - K1
    Relation between Momentum and Kinetic
    Energy
    K.E = p2/2m where p = momentum = mv
    So, it is clear from above formula that when
    momentum is doubled, kinetic energy becomes
    four times.

    Power
    Power is defined as the rate of doing work. It is
    scalar quantity. P = W/t

    where P = Power
    W = work done

    t = time taken

    Also, when work is done, an equal amount of


    energy is consumed. Thus, power is also defined as
    the rate at which energy is consumed.

    Or P = E/t

    where P = Power
    E = energy consumed

    t = time taken
    The S.I unit of power is watt (W). One watt is
    the power of an appliance which does work at the
    rate of 1 joule per second.
    1 watt = 1 joule/ 1 second

    Or 1W = 1 J/ 1 s

    1 watt = 1 joule per second

    1 KW = 103 watt
    1 MW = 106 watt
    - Horse power is another unit of power which is
    equal to 746 watt i.e. 1 horse power is equal to
    about 0.75 kilowatt (0.75 KW).
    1 watt second = 1 watt x 1 second

    1 watt hour (Wh) = 3600 joule

    1 kilowatt hour (kWh) = 3.6 x 106 joule


    Principle of Conservation of Energy
    Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Only
    energy can be transformed from one form to
    another. Whenever energy is utilised in one form,
    equal amount of energy is produced in other form.
    Hence, total energy of the universe remains same.
    Some equipments used to transform energy are:
    S.No. Equipment Energy transformed
    1. Dynamo Mechanical energy in to
    electrical energy
    2. Candle Chemical energy in to light
    and heat energy
    3. Microphone Sound energy in to electrical
    energy
    4. Loud Speaker Electrical energy in to sound
    energy
    5. Solar Cell Solar energy in to electrical
    energy
    6. Tube light Electrical energy in to light
    energy
    7. Electric bulb Electrical energy in to light
    and heat energy
    8. Battery Chemical energy in to
    electrical energy
    9. Electric motor Electric energy in to motor
    energy
    10. Sitar Mechanical energy in to sound
    energy
    Answers of previous PPT

    1. -1162.5 N

    2.700N,350 N,1050 N, zero

    3.400 N ,200 N

    4.1.96 m/s2, 94.1 N


    5.2250 N

    6. 19.98 m

    Practice questions :
    1.A bullet of mass 0.012 kg and horizontal speed 70 m/s
    strikes a block of wood of mass 0.4 kg and instantly
    comes to rest with respect to the block. The block is
    suspended from the ceiling by means of thin wires.
    Calculate the height to which the block rises. Also,
    estimate the amount of heat produced in the block.
    2.The bob of a pendulum is released from a horizontal
    position. If the length of the pendulum is 1.5 m,what is the
    speed with which the bob arrives at the lowermost point,
    given that it dissipated 5% of its initial energy against air
    resistance ?
    3. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up
    water to fill a tank of volume 30 m3 in 15 min. If the tank is
    40 m above the ground, and the efficiency of the pump is
    30%,how much electric power is consumed by the pump ?
    4. A body is initially at rest. It undergoes one-dimensional
    motion with constant acceleration. The power delivered to
    it at time t is proportional to
    (i) t1/2 (ii) t (iii) t3/2 (iv) t2
    5. A body is moving unidirectionally under the influence of
    a source of constant power.
    Its displacement in time t
    is proportional to
    (i) t1/2 (ii) t (iii) t3/2 (iv) t2
    6.

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