VELAMMAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

MADURAI – 625 009.

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
QUESTION BANK
Branch M.E (CS) Year/Sem. I/I
Course Code MA4156 Date
Linear Algebra Probability and
Course Name Max. marks 100
Queueing Theory.
Course Incharge Dr.M.Sornavalli Time Duration 3 hours
PART - A
Mark
Answer All Questions K CO
s
Define Generalized Eigen vector
1 K3 CO1 2
Define canonical basis.
1 K3 CO1 2

Define generalized eigen vector of rank m for a square matrix.

1 K3 CO1 2

1
Determine a canonical basis for A = (−23 5
−4 ) K3 CO1 2

What do you mean by QR factorization?

1 K3 CO1 2
Define Singular Value decomposition
1 K3 CO1 2

Prove that if A and B are independent then prove that A and B are also
2 independent. K3 CO2 2

State Baye’s Theorem

2 K3 CO2 2
Let A and B be two events such that P(A) = 1/3, P(B) = ¾ and P(AB) =
2 1/4. Compute P(A/B) and P( A  B) K3 CO2 2

The joint pdf of a two dimensional R.V (X, Y) is given by f(x, y) = ke-
2 K3 CO2 2
(2x+3y)
, x0, y0 Find k.

2 Define Correlation coefficient K3 CO2 2

Find the marginal distributions of X and Y given the joint pmf

1 2 3
2 0 3k 6k 9k K3 CO2 2
1 5k 8k 11k
2 7k 10k 13k

3 Define Poisson Process K3 CO3 2

3 Define Markov chain K3 CO3 2

Define cross correlation of the processes {X(t)} and {Y(t)}.

3 K3 CO3 2
4
3 1+3 τ 2 K3 CO3 2
If RXX() = 36+ then find Mean and variance of the Process {X(t)}.
 3 Prove that RXY() = RYX (-) K3 CO3 2

3 Define Markov Process. K3 CO3 2

Give the formulas for the waiting time of a customer in the queue and in
4 K3 CO4 2
the system for the (M/M/1):( /FIFO) model.
In the usual notation of an M/M/1 queueing system, if =3/hour and
4 K3 CO4 2
μ=4/hour,find P(X≥5) where X is the number of customers in the system.
For (M/M/C):(N/FIFO)model, write down the formula for (i) Average
4 number of customers in the queue (ii)Average waiting time in the K3 CO4 2
system
Derive the average number of customers in the system for(M/M/1):
4 K3 CO4 2
(/FIFO) model.

4 State Little’s formula for an (M/M/1):(/FIFO) queueing model. K3 CO4 2

In a given (M/M/1):(/FCFS) queue, =0.6, what is the probability that the

4 K3 CO4 2
queue contains 5 or more customers?

5 Define linear programming K3 CO5 2

What do you understand by Basic feasible solution of a transportation

5 K3 CO5 2
problem?
K3 CO5 2
5 Define Artificial variable

Write the general mathematical model of LPP in matrix form. K3 CO5 2

5

Use graphical method, to maximize Z = 2x1 + 3x2 subject to the K3 CO5 2

5 constraints x1 + x2 ≤ 1, 3x1 + x2 ≤ 4, x1 , x2 ≥ 0

Explain Slack and Surplus variables in LPP.

5 K3 CO5 2

PART - B
Answer All Questions
Prove that RxR is a vector space over a field ‘R’ under addition and
11 i) scalar multiplication defined by (x1, x2) + (y1+y2) = (x1+y1, x2+y2) and K3 CO1 8
α(x1, x2) = ( αx1, α x2)

[ ]
3 −6
11 ii) Find QR Factorization of A= 4 −8 K3 CO1 8
0 1

( )
2 2 −1
11 iii) Find the QR decomposition of A = 2 8 2 K3 CO1 8
1 7 −1
Solve the following system of equation in the least square
11 iv) K3 CO1 8
2x1+2x2-2x3=1, 2x1+2x2-2x3=3, -2x1-2x2+6x3=2.
Apply the Gram-schmidt process v1 = (1,0,3), v2 = (2,2,0), v3 =
11v) K3 CO1 8
(3,1,2) in the order given.

[ ]
1 2
11 vi) Find the Pseudo inverse of A = 2 1 K3 CO1 8
1 −1
12 i) An urn contains 10 white and 3 black balls. Another urn contains 3 K3 CO2 8
white and 5 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random from the first
urn and placed in the second urn and then 1 ball is taken at random
 from the later. What is the probability that it is a white ball?.
12 ii) A lot contains 16 articles. Out of which 10 are good, 4 with minor
defects and 2 with major defects. Two articles are drawn at random
without replacement. Find the probability that (a) both are good (b) K3 CO2 8
both have major defects (c) at least one is good (d) Neither is good
12 iii) Let X and Y be two random variables having the joint probability
function f(x, y) = k(2x + 3y) where x and y can assume only CO2
K3 8
values 0, 1 and 2 and 1,2,3. Find the marginal and
Conditional distributions.
12 iv) Compute the correlation coefficient for the following data
X 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Y 15 16 14 13 11 12 10 8 9 K3 CO2 8

12 v) A discrete random variable X has the following probability

distribution.
x: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
p(x): a 3a 5a 7a 9a 11a 13a 15a 17a K3 CO2 8

i) Find the value of “a” ii) P[0<X<3] iii) P[X3] iv) Find
the distribution function of X.
12vi) Obtain the equations of the lines of regression for the following data.
X: 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y: 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71 K3 CO2 8

The process {X(t)} whose probability distribution under certain

conditions is given by,

{ }
13 i) ( at ¿ ¿ ¿ n−1|(1+at ) ) ,n=1,2,3 … ..
n +1
K3 CO3 8
P(X(t))= show that {X(t)} is
( at|1+ at ) n=0
not stationary.
13 ii) Three boys A,B,C are throwing a ball to each other .A always throws
the ball to B and B always throws the ball to c but c is just as likely to CO3
K3 8
throw the ball to B as to A. Show that the process is Markovian. Find
the tpm and classify the state.
13 iii) Show that random process X(t)=A cos(wt+) is wide sense stationary
if A and w are constants and  is uniformly distributed random variable CO3
K3 8
in (0,2).
13 iv) The tpm of a Markov chain {Xn} , n = 1,2,3,… having 3 states 1,2 and

( )
0.1 0.5 0.4
0.6 0.2 0.2
0.3 0.4 0.3 K3 CO3 8
3 is P = and the initial distribution is P(0) = (0.7, 0.2, 0.1) .
Find (i) P[X2=3] (ii) P[X3=2, X2=3, X1=3, X0=2].

13 v) Consider the two random processes X(t)=3cos(t+), where =-(/2)

and  is uniformly distributed random variable over (0, 2). Verify
|R XY (τ )|≤ √ R XX (0)RYY (0) K3 CO3 8
that
13 vi) Two jointly WSS random processes have sample functions y(t)=A(x(t) K3 CO3 8
cos(❑0t+)) where x(t) is zero mean stationary random process with
autocorrelation function RXX(). A and ❑0are constants and  is
 uniformly distributed over the interval (0, 2) and independent of x(t).
In a single server queueing system with poisson input and exponential
service times, if the mean arrival rate is 3 calling units per hour, the
expected service time is 0.25h and the maximum possible number of
14 i) K3 CO4 8
calling units in the system is 2. find Pn(n≥0), average number of calling
units in the system and in the queue and average waiting time in the
system and in the queue.
14 ii) The local one person barber shop can accommodate a maximum of 5
people at a time (4waiting and 1 getting hair-cut) Customers arrive
according to a poisson distribution with mean 5 per hour. The barber
cuts hair at an average rate of 4 per hour.
(a) what percentage of time is the barber idle?
(b) What fraction of the potential customers are turned away? K3 CO4 8
(c) What is the expected number of customers waiting for a
hair-cut?
(d) How much time can a customer expect to spend in the
barber shop?

14 iii) There are three typists in an office. Each typist can type an average of
6letters per hour. If letters arrive for being typed at the rate of 15
letters per hour.
(a) what fraction of the time all the typists will be busy?
(b) What is the average number of letters waiting to be typed?
K3 CO4 8
(c) What is the average time a letter has to spend for waiting
and for being typed?
(d) What is the probability that a letter will take longer than 20
min. waiting to be typed and being typed?.

14 iv) A super market has a single cashier. During the peak hours, customers
arrive at a rate of 20 customers per hour. The average number of
customers that can be processed by the cashier is 24 per hour. Find
(i) The probability that the cashier is idle.
(ii) The average number of customers in the queueing
system K3 CO4 8
(iii) The average time a customer spends in system.
(iv) The average number of customers in the queue.
(v) The average time a customer spends in the queue
waiting for service

14 v) A petrol pump station has 4 pumps. The service times follow the
exponential distribution with a mean of 6 min and cars arrive for
service in a poisson process at the rate of 30 cars per hour.
(a) what is the probability that an arrival would have to wait in
line?
K3 CO4 8
(b) find the average waiting time, average time spend in the
system and the average number of cars in the system.
(c) For what percentage of time would a pump be idle on an
average?

14 vi) A supermarket has 2 girls attending to sales at the counters. If the K3 CO4 8
service times for each customer is exponential with mean 4min and if
people arrive in poisson fashion at the rate of 10per hour,
(a) what is the probability that a customer has to wait for
service?
 (b) What is the expected percentage of idle time for each girl?
(c) ) If the customer has to wait in the queue, what is the
expected length of his waiting time?

Solve the following LPP by Graphical Method Min Z= 20x1+10x2 ;

Subject to the Constrains 4x1+3x2 ≥ 60; x1+2x2 ≤ 40; 3x1+x2 ≥30,
15 i) x1,x2 ≥ 0. K3 CO5 8

Using Simplex method, Solve the following LPP

15 ii) Maximize Z = 5x1 + 3x2 Subject to x1+ x2 ≤ 2; K3 CO5 8
5x1 + 2x2 ≤ 10; 3x1 + 8x2 ≤ 12 and x1, x2 ≥ 0
Use the two-phase method to solve the LPP Maximize Z = 5x1 - 4x2 +
15 iii) 3x3 subject to the constraints 2x1 + x2 - 6x3 = 20, K3 CO5 8
6x1 + 5x2 + 10x3 ≤ 76, 8x1 - 3x2 +6x3 ≤ 50, x1, x2 ≥ 0
15 iv) Obtain the initial basic feasible solution to the transportation
problem
origin /
Destination D1 D2 D3 D4 Supply
O1 6 4 1 5 14 K3 CO5 8
O2 8 9 2 7 16
O3 4 3 6 2 5
Demand 6 10 4 15

15 v) Using the following cost matrix. Determine

a) Optimal Job assignment
b) Optimal cost of the assignment
Job
A 10 3 3 2 8
B 9 7 8 2 7 K3 CO5 8

Machine C 7 5 6 2 4
D 3 5 8 2 4
E 9 10 9 6 10
15 vi) Find the Initial solution to the following Transportation Problem
using VAM Method
D1 D2 D3 D4 Supply
O1 3 3 4 1 100
O2 4 2 4 2 125 K3 CO5 8
O3 1 5 3 2 75
Demand 120 80 75 25 300

PART -C

16 i) Let v be the set of all continuous real value functions defined on the
closed interval [0,1]. ThenProve that V is a real inner product space
1 K3 CO1 15
with inner product defined by <f,g> = ∫ f ( t ) g ( t ) dt .
0
16 ii) If the joint density function of the random variables X & Y is
f(x, y) = 2–x– y, 0x1, 0y1 and = 0 elsewhere, find the correlation K3 CO2 15
coefficient between x and y.
16 iii) If x(t) = y cost+zsint for all t. Y, Z are independent binary Random
variable each of which assumes the values -1 & 2 with Probability 2/3 K3 CO3 15
 & 1/3 respectively. Prove that x(t) is a WSS.
16 iv) Customers arrive at a one-man barber shop according to a poisson
process with a mean inter arrival time of 12 min. Customers spend an
average of 10min in the barber’s chair.
(a) What is the expected number of customers in the barber shop
and in the queue?
(b) Calculate the percentage of time an arrival can walk straight
into the barber’s chair without having to wait.
(c) How much time can a customer expect to spend in the barber’s
shop?
(d) Management will provide another chair and hire another barber,
when a customer’s waiting time in the shop exceed 1.25h . how K3 CO4 15
much must the average rate of arrivals increase to warrant a
second barber?

(e) What is the average time customer spends in the queue?

(f) What is the probability that the waiting time in the system is
greater than30min?
(g) Calculate the percentage of customers who have to wait prior to
getting into the barber’s chair.
(h) What is the probability that more than 3 customers are in the
system?

16 v) Solve the LPP Max Z = 3x1+2x2 Subject to 4 x1 +3 x2 ≤ 12,

K3 CO5 15
4 x1+ x2≤ 8, 4 x1 - x2≤ 8 , and x1, x2 ≥ 0