DRUG

DRUGS
SOURCE
• Drugs and Society

• What constitute a drug?
• Any substance that modifies (enhances,
inhabits, or distorts) mind and body
functioning.
• What is Psychoactive drugs
• Drug compounds (substances) that affects the
central nervous system and /or alter
consciousness and /or perception
CLASSIFICATION OF PHYCHOACTIVE
DRUGS
• Licit (Legal) e.g. Coffee. Tea ,Alcohol, Tobacco, and over the
counter drugs
• Illicit (Illegal) e.g. Marijuana, cocaine and LSD •
MAJOR TYPES OF COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS •
Alcohol (ethanol)
• Nicotine (all forms of tobacco)
• STIMULANTS
• Major stimulants: amphetamines, cocaine and cracks •
Minor Stimulants
• Nicotine, caffeine, tea and chocolate
• Hallucinogens (psychedelics LDS, Mescaline
• Peyote and psilocybin (magic mushrooms)
• Depressants : barbitu rates, benzodiaze pines valium
and alcohol
• Cannabis: marijuana and hashish
• Anabolic steroids : a synthetic form of the male
hormone testoster
• Inhalants/organic solvent: gasoline, model glue, paint
thinner, herbs and vitamins
• Narcotics /opiates/opium, morplune, codeine and
heroin
• Designer drugs/ synthetic drugs or opiods chemically
altered known drugs to make a new drug e.g Ectasy
and demoral
EFFECT OF DRUGS USE
• Drug use causes three major simultaneous changes in the
user:
• 1) The social and psychological basis of the attraction to a
particular drug can be explained as feeling rewarded or
satisfied from social pressures that have become
postponed, momentarily rectified or neutralized and
defined as non problematic
• 2) pharmacologically, the non medical use of most drugs
alters body chemistry largely by interfering with proper
body functioning, drugs enhance, slow down, or distort the
reception and transmission of reality.
• 3) The desire may satisfy an in born or genetically
programmed need or desired
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF USE OF DRUGS
• Biologically – Genetic and pharmacological factors:
that may exist in the user and how the ingredients of
the drug interact with the body and the nervous
system
• Cultural factors – Societal views determined by custom
and tradition affect initial approach to and use of drug. •
Social factors curing illness, self-medication. Escape from
reality, peer pressure, family upbringing, membership in
drug abusing subculture
• Contextual factors: effect of physical surrounding e.g
rock concerts, bars, night clubs or fraternity and
sonority parties affect amount of drug use
SIX EXAMPLES OF DRUG MISUSE
• Taking more drugs than prescribed
• Using over the counter or psychoactive drugs in excess
without medical supervision
• Mixing drugs with alcohol or other types of drugs •
Using old med curies to self treat new symptoms of an
illness
• Discontinuing prescribed drugs at will and and/or
against physicians orders
• Administering prescribed drugs to a family member
without medical consultation and supervision.
THREE TYPES OF DRUG USERS
• Experimenters : begun using drugs largely
because of peer pressure and curiosity and the
confine their use to recreational settings
• Compulsive users: devote considerable time and
energy into getting high, talk incessantly
(sometime exclusively) about drug use and
become patronizes of street drugs
• Floaters or clippers focus more on using other
peoples drugs without maintaining as much of a
personal supply
WHEN DOES USE LEADS TO ABUSE
• The amount of drug taken does not necessarily
determine abuse
• The motive for taking drugs is the most important
factor in determining presence of abuse • Initial
drug abuse symptoms includes
• Excessive use
• Constant preoccupation about the availability and
supply of the drug
• Refusal to admit excessive use
• Reliance on the drugs
ENRICH GOODES FOUR TYPES OF
DRUG USE
• Legal instrumental use :taking prescribed drugs or
over the counter drugs to review or treat mental
or physical symptoms
• Legal recreational use : Using licit drugs like
tobacco, alcohol and caffeine to achieve a certain
mental state
• Illegal instrumental use :Taking non-prescribed
drugs to achieve a task or goal
• Illegal recreational use : Taking illicit drugs for fun
or pleasure
MEDIA INFLUENCE ON DRUG USE
• Each year the alcohol industry spends more than one billion dollar
on advertising on print, electronic and social media.
• Drug companies spend 1.6 billion a year on TV commercial for
Viagra ,Claritin, Allegra and other drugs
• WHY ARE PEOPLE ATTRACTED TO DRUGS
• As means to temporarily
• Experience pleasure of heighten good feelings
• Relieve stress, tension, or anxiety
• Forget ones problem, avoid or postpone worries
• Relax after a tension filled day work
• Fit in peers
• Enhance religious or mystical experience
• Relief pain and some symptoms of illnes
DRUG DEPENDENCE
• Both physical and psychological factors bring
about drug dependence
• Physical dependence- refers to the need to
continue taking the drug to avoid withdrawal
symptoms, which often include feelings of
discomfort and illness.
STAGES OF DRUG DEPENDENCE
• Relief satisfaction from negative feelings to using
the drug
• Increased use involves taking greater quantities of
drug
• Preoccupation consists of constant concern with
substance
• Dependency (a symptoms of addiction) is when
more of the drug is sought despite the presence
of physical symptoms- cant do without feelings,
uncontrollable case for the substance
COST OF DRUG USE TO SOCIETY
• Illness
• Shortened lifespan
• Broken home
• Fetal alcohol syndrome
• Criminal behavior
• Drug use in workplace which could to
accident, low productivity,e.t.c
DRUG CRIME, AND VIOLENCE
• Drug users are more likely to commit crime
than non users
• High percentage of arrestees are often under
the influence of a drug while committing
crimes
• Holistic philosophy advocates that the mind,
body and spirit work best when they are drud
free.

DRUG

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DRUGS

• Drugs and Society

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