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    Pre CHOLA PERIOD

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    Goutham sankar
    The document summarizes events in Tamil Nadu, India from around 600 BCE to the present. It describes how Wootz steel production started around 600 BCE and was exported globally. Around 600-500 BCE, the Keezhadi excavation site provided remains reflecting ancient Tamil culture. By 400 BCE, the ancient Chola capital of Kaveripattinam was destroyed by the sea. The Sangam age from 300 BCE to 200 CE saw the creation of classical Tamil literature. Major Tamil kingdoms like the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas are mentioned ruling parts of Tamil Nadu at different points in this period.

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    Pre CHOLA PERIOD

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    Goutham sankar
    40 views3 pages
    The document summarizes events in Tamil Nadu, India from around 600 BCE to the present. It describes how Wootz steel production started around 600 BCE and was exported globally. Around 600-500 BCE, the Keezhadi excavation site provided remains reflecting ancient Tamil culture. By 400 BCE, the ancient Chola capital of Kaveripattinam was destroyed by the sea. The Sangam age from 300 BCE to 200 CE saw the creation of classical Tamil literature. Major Tamil kingdoms like the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas are mentioned ruling parts of Tamil Nadu at different points in this period.

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    The document summarizes events in Tamil Nadu, India from around 600 BCE to the present. It describes how Wootz steel production started around 600 BCE and was exported globally. Around 600-500 BCE, the Keezhadi excavation site provided remains reflecting ancient Tamil culture. By 400 BCE, the ancient Chola capital of Kaveripattinam was destroyed by the sea. The Sangam age from 300 BCE to 200 CE saw the creation of classical Tamil literature. Major Tamil kingdoms like the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas are mentioned ruling parts of Tamil Nadu at different points in this period.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views3 pages

    Pre CHOLA PERIOD

    Uploaded by

    Goutham sankar
    The document summarizes events in Tamil Nadu, India from around 600 BCE to the present. It describes how Wootz steel production started around 600 BCE and was exported globally. Around 600-500 BCE, the Keezhadi excavation site provided remains reflecting ancient Tamil culture. By 400 BCE, the ancient Chola capital of Kaveripattinam was destroyed by the sea. The Sangam age from 300 BCE to 200 CE saw the creation of classical Tamil literature. Major Tamil kingdoms like the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas are mentioned ruling parts of Tamil Nadu at different points in this period.

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    Pre-Sangam period[edit]

    Period Events
    The Wootz steel production process started in the 6th century BC and exported globally by Chera
    dynasty what was termed the finest steel in the world, i.e. Seric Iron to
    c. 600 BCE
    the Romans, Egyptians, Chinese and Arabs by 500 BC and was used to make the famous damascus
    blades[3][4][5][6]
    Keezhadi excavation site.[7][8] This site is located 12 km southeast of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, near the
    town of Keezhadi in Sivagangai district. It comes under the Thiruppuvanam Taluk of Sivagangai
    district. This is a large-scale excavation carried out in Tamil Nadu after the Adichanallur
    c. 600-500 BCE
    archaeological site. The settlement lies on the bank of the Vaigai River and it reflects the
    ancient culture of Tamil people.[9] Epigraphist V. Vedachalam, who served as a domain expert for the
    excavation, dated the excavated remains between 6th century BCE and 3rd century CE.[10]
    c. 400 BCE Kaveripattinam, The ancient capital port city of the Chola Dynasty was destroyed by the sea[11][12][13]

    Sangam age[edit]
    Period Events
    c. 300 BCE-200 CE Sangam age during which books of Sangam Literature are created [14]
    c. 300 BCE Greek ethnographer Megasthenes describes Pandya dynasty's capital Madurai[15][16]
    Ashoka's inscription recording the four kingdoms (Chera, Cholas, Pandya and Satyaputra) of
    c. 250 BCE
    the ancient Tamil country
    c. 200 BCE Elara, a Tamil prince and contemporary of Dutte Gamini, rules Lanka
    Greek historian Nicolaus of Damascus met an ambassador sent by Pandyan King to
    c. 13
    Caesar Augustus, Strabo XV.1-73.[17]
    The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea gives a detailed description of early Chera and Pandya kingdom
    c. 1-100 and mentions a part of the Tamil country as Lymirike (misread as "Damirica" by some modern
    scholars).[18]
    c. 77 and 140 Greco-Roman writers Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy mention Madurai ruled by Pandyan.
    c. 130 Chera king Udayanjeral rules in the Chera country
    Gajabahu I of Lanka a contemporary of Chera Senguttuvan and Karikala Chola (the Gajabahu
    c. 175-195
    synchronism)
    c. 190 Chera Kadukko Ilanjeral Irumporai rules in the Chera country [19]
    Writing becomes widespread and vattezuttu evolved from the Tamil Brahmi becomes a mature script
    c. 200
    for writing Tamil [20]
    c. 210 Pandian Neduncheliyan rules in Madurai and defeats his enemies at the battle of Talaiyalanganam

    Post-Sangam period[edit]
    Period Events
    c. 300-590 Kalabhras invade the Tamil country and displace the traditional rulers
    c. 300-500 Post-Sangam period, Tamil epics such as Silappatikaram written
    Contents

     1Pre-Sangam period
     2Sangam age
     3Post-Sangam period
     4Pallava and Pandya
     5Chola period
     6Chola to Pandya transition
     7Pandiya revival and Muslim rule
     8Vijayanagar and Nayak period
     9East India Company
     10British rule
     11Post independence period

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