Child Welfare

Child Welfare 3.
The right to survival and development
-services and institutions concerned with The principle most directly related to children's
the physical, social, and psychological well- economic and social rights is formulated in the
being of children, particularly children suffering right to life article. The article goes further than
from the effects of poverty or lacking normal just granting children the right not to be killed; it
parental care and supervision. includes the right to survival and development
which is formulated in Article 6:2 and states
According to UN Convention of Human Rights thus: "State parties shall ensure to the
for the purposes of the present Convention, a maximum extent possible the survival and
child means every human being below the development of the child."
age of eighteen years unless under the law
applicable to the child, majority is attained 4. The views of the child
earlier.
A crucial dimension of the convention is
Four principles of the Convention on the expressed through another principle, the one
Rights of the Child about respecting the views of the child. In order
to know what is actually in the interest of the
1. Non-Discrimination child it is logical to listen to him or her. The
principle is formulated in Article 12:1 which
One general principle as identified by the state that "States parties shall assure to the
committee on the rights of the child is that all child who is capable of forming his or her own
children should enjoy their rights and should views the rights to express those views freely
never be subjected to any discrimination. The in all matters affecting the child, the view of the
obligation to provide equality of opportunities child being given due weight in accordance
among children is expressed in Article 2, the with the age and maturity of the child.
first paragraph of which reads: "States parties
shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in It sets out the four category rights that must be
the present convention to each child within realized for every child – the rights to survival,
their jurisdiction without discrimination of any development, protection, and participation.
kind, irrespective of the child's parents or legal
guardian, race, color, sex, language, religion, 10 Rights of The Children
political or other opinion, national, ethnic or
social origin, poverty, disability, birth or other The Declaration of the Rights of the Childlays
status." down ten principles (2):
2. Best interests of the child Children 1. The right to equality, without distinction on
account of race, religion or national origin.
Best interests of the child Children, especially
when they are very young, are vulnerable and 2. The right to special protection for the child’s
need special support to be able to enjoy their physical, mental and social development.
rights fully. How could children be granted
equal rights and at the same time the 3. The right to a name and a nationality.
necessary protection? Part of the answer lies
in the principle of the best interest of the child, 4. The right to adequate nutrition, housing and
formulated in Article 3:1. "In all actions medical services.
concerning children whether undertaken by
public or private social welfare institution, 5. The right to special education and treatment
courts of law, administrative authorities or when a child is physically or mentally
legislative bodies, the best interest of the child handicapped.
shall be a primary consideration."
6. The right to understanding and love by
parents and society. 4. Foster Family Care
7. The right to recreational activities and free The provision of a planned substitute
education. parental care for a child by a licensed foster
family when the biological parents cannot care
8. The right to be among the first to receive for her/ him.
relief in all circumstances.
5. Legal Guardianship
9. The right to protection against all forms of
neglect, cruelty and exploitation. Granting of sole and absolute legal
guardianship, parental authority or legal
10. The right to be brought up in a spirit of custody over the child to a parent/person by
understanding, tolerance, friendship among the Court. This applies in situations where the
peoples, and universal brotherhood. parents are legally separated, divorced or have
had their marriage annulled.
CHILD WELFARE PROGRAMS AND
SERVICES Special Protection Laws:
1. Programs for the Development of Needy R.A. 7610 Special Protection Act
Pre-School Children
R.A. 7658 Working Children
The effects of being born and growing R.A. 9231 Prohibition Against the Worst
up in poverty include a greater chance of
Form of Child Labor
mental retardation, less good physical health,
less adequate socialization and preparation for R.A. 9344 Juvenile Justice and Welfare
entering school which impair chances for
Act (as amended by R.A. 10630)
success in school and in later life. The
objective of this program is for the social R.A. 9262 Anti-Violence Against Women
development of the pre-school children to
and Children Act
provide opportunities to have a proper start in
life through an integrated program of social R.A. 9208 Anti-Trafficking in Persons
development and nutritional feeding in Day
Act (as amended by R.A. 10364
Care Services Centers.
R.A. 7768 Anti-Sexual Harassment Act
2. Child placement Services
R.A. 8353 Anti-Rape Law
These are the arrangements whereby R.A. 9775 Anti-Child Pornography Law
minors who are neglected, abandoned,
R.A. 9995 Anti-Photo and Video
abused, orphaned or destitute are provided
substitute home placement and parental care. Voyeurism Act of 2009
R.A. 10175 Cybercrime Prevention Law
3. Adoption
A socio-legal process of providing a

permanent family to a child whose parents
have voluntarily or involuntarily relinquished
parental authority over the child. The
framework for the implementation of the
domestic adoption is based on the provisions
of Republic Act 8552 or the Domestic Adoption
Act of 1998.

Child Welfare

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Child Welfare 3.

The right to survival and development

A socio-legal process of providing a

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