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    Chapter 10 - Light

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    Eman
    Light is a form of energy that enables vision. It travels from a source, bounces off objects, and is perceived by the eyes and brain. Light behaves as both a ray and wave. The speed of light is about 300,000 km/s. We see objects because light reflects off them and into our eyes. Reflection is when light rays bounce off a surface, maintaining the angle between the incident and reflected rays. Refraction is when light changes speed and bends when moving between media. Shadows are areas of darkness formed when light is blocked by an opaque object. Rainbows are formed when sunlight enters water droplets and is refracted and reflected inside them. The sky appears blue due to scattering of light

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    Chapter 10 - Light

    Uploaded by

    Eman
    49 views7 pages
    Light is a form of energy that enables vision. It travels from a source, bounces off objects, and is perceived by the eyes and brain. Light behaves as both a ray and wave. The speed of light is about 300,000 km/s. We see objects because light reflects off them and into our eyes. Reflection is when light rays bounce off a surface, maintaining the angle between the incident and reflected rays. Refraction is when light changes speed and bends when moving between media. Shadows are areas of darkness formed when light is blocked by an opaque object. Rainbows are formed when sunlight enters water droplets and is refracted and reflected inside them. The sky appears blue due to scattering of light

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    Chapter 10_ Light (2)

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    Light is a form of energy that enables vision. It travels from a source, bounces off objects, and is perceived by the eyes and brain. Light behaves as both a ray and wave. The speed of light is about 300,000 km/s. We see objects because light reflects off them and into our eyes. Reflection is when light rays bounce off a surface, maintaining the angle between the incident and reflected rays. Refraction is when light changes speed and bends when moving between media. Shadows are areas of darkness formed when light is blocked by an opaque object. Rainbows are formed when sunlight enters water droplets and is refracted and reflected inside them. The sky appears blue due to scattering of light

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    49 views7 pages

    Chapter 10 - Light

    Uploaded by

    Eman
    Light is a form of energy that enables vision. It travels from a source, bounces off objects, and is perceived by the eyes and brain. Light behaves as both a ray and wave. The speed of light is about 300,000 km/s. We see objects because light reflects off them and into our eyes. Reflection is when light rays bounce off a surface, maintaining the angle between the incident and reflected rays. Refraction is when light changes speed and bends when moving between media. Shadows are areas of darkness formed when light is blocked by an opaque object. Rainbows are formed when sunlight enters water droplets and is refracted and reflected inside them. The sky appears blue due to scattering of light

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    Chapter 10: Light

    Light is a form of energy that enables us to see things. Light

    starts from a source and bounces off objects which are perceived

    by our eyes and our brain processes this signal, which

    eventually enables us to see.

    Nature of Light behaves as a:

    ray, e.g. reflection

    wave, e.g. interference and diffraction

    particle, e.g. photoelectric effect

    The speed of light is the speed at which light travels. It is

    about 300,000 kilometers per second. Nothing travels faster

    than light.

    H ow do we see things?

    We see any object because of the reflection of light. When

    light strikes a body, gets reflected and received by the human

    eye, the image formed in the retina is what the brain processes

    and tells you that there is an object there.

    1
    Reflection of Light

    The process of sending back the light rays which fall on the

    surface of an object, is called reflection of light. Laws of

    reflection of light

    1)The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie in

    the same plane.

    2)The angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of

    incidence
    ● INCIDENT RAY

    ● REFLECTED RAY

    ● NORMAL / PERPENDICULAR

    ● POINT OF INCIDENCE

    ● ANGLE OF INCIDENCE = ANGLE OF REFLECTION

    2
    Refraction of Light

    Refraction is the bending of a wave when it enters a medium

    where its speed is different. The refraction of light when it

    passes from a fast medium to a slow medium bends the light

    ray toward the normal to the boundary between the two media.

    The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the

    normal, denoted as ‘i’. The angle of refraction is the angle between

    the refracted ray and the normal, denoted as ‘r’. Laws of

    refraction state that: The incident ray, reflected ray and the

    normal, to the interface of any two given mediums, all lie in the

    same plane. The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence and sine

    3
    of the angle of refraction is constant. This is also known as Snell’s

    law of refraction.

    Shadows

    Shadows are made by blocking light. Light rays travel from a

    source in straight lines. If an opaque (solid ) object gets in the

    way, it stops light rays from traveling through it. This results in

    an area of darkness appearing behind the object. The dark area is

    called a shadow.

    The umbra is the shadow's dark center portion, while the

    penumbra and the antumbra are different types of half -shadows

    4
    Shadows are longer in the morning and evening and shorter in the

    noon as the sun rays are slanting in the morning and evening

    whereas at noon it is just above our head. The size of the shadow

    depends on the position of the object from the source of light.

    Formation of Rainbow

    ➢ The formation of a rainbow is described by :

    ➢ Sun Rays Strikes Raindrop.

    ➢ Some of the sunlight is reflected.

    ➢ Rest of Light Gets Refracted.

    ➢ White Light Splits into Different Colors.

    ➢ Lights Get Reflected Behind the Raindrop

    ➢ More Refraction Takes Place.

    ➢ Color Forms With More Dispersion.

    5
    There are different colors of light because they are light waves

    which have different wavelengths. Red light has the longest

    wavelength while violet light has the shortest wavelength.

    Why is the sky blue?

    Gasses and particles in Earth's atmosphere scatter sunlight in all

    directions. Blue light is scattered more than other colors because it

    travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky

    most of the time.

    Why is sunset orange-red?

    Because the sun is low on the horizon, sunlight passes through

    more air at sunset and sunrise than during the day, when the sun is

    higher in the sky. More atmosphere means more molecules to

    6
    scatter the violet and blue light away from your eyes. This is why

    sunsets are often yellow, orange, and red.

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