PSYC Research Analyisis Exam 4 Review Answers

1. Calculate a correlation coefficient using the data below.
X Y X2 Y2 XY
2 11
3 8
4 5
5 9
6 3
𝒓 = −𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟐𝟔
2. Draw a scatterplot of a positive correlation.

3. Draw a scatterplot of a negative correlation.
4. List the 3 conditions that you should check before conducting a correlational analysis.
• Quantitative variables
• Linearity
• Outlier
5. Answer the following questions about the correlation matrix below.

a. Which two people have the strongest correlation? Persons 2 & 3
b. Which two people have the weakest correlation? Persons 1 & 2
c. What is the correlation between Person 3 and Person 4? -0.753
Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4

Person 1 1.000
Person 2 0.062 1.000
Person 3 0.549 0.841 1.000
Person 4 -0.145 0.368 -0.753 1.000
6. A set of stores would like to use their customer information (millions) to predict the annual sales (millions) for all
new stores. A regression model was calculated using the data. Below you will find the R output from that
regression model. Answer the following questions for the model. Assume 𝛼 = 0.05.
a. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

𝑯𝟎 : 𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎
𝑯𝒂 : 𝜷𝟏 ≠ 𝟎
b. What value would you use to determine if the overall model is significant? 66.88 What would be your
decision? Reject the null hypothesis
c. What would be your decision for the slope coefficient? Reject the null hypothesis
d. Write out the regression equation.
̂ = −𝟏. 𝟐𝟎𝟖𝟖 + 𝟐. 𝟎𝟕𝟒𝟐𝒙
𝒚
̂ = 𝟕. 𝟕𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟔
e. What would be the predicted sales if a new store had 4.3 customers? 𝒚
f. What is the coefficient of determination? 0.8479; Explain what it means in terms of this example.
Customer information accounts for 84.79% of the variation in sales.
Call:
lm(formula = Sales ~ Customer, data = sr_ex_1)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-1.1508 -0.7573 -0.2971 0.6446 2.1012
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -1.2088 0.9949 -1.215 0.248
Customer 2.0742 0.2536 8.178 0.000003 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 0.9993 on 12 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.8479, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8352
F-statistic: 66.88 on 1 and 12 DF, p-value: 0.000002999
7. Using the ANOVA table from a regression model below, calculate 𝑟 2 .
ANOVA
df SS MS F
Regression 4 3203.369 800.8423 0.932164
Residual 15 12886.83 859.1221
Total 19 16090.2
𝒓𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟗
8. In this example, an I-O psychologist is using Experience, MBA (MBA = 1, no MBA = 0), and Age to predict a
person’s salary. Below is the R output for the regression model. Answer the following questions about the
model. Assume 𝛼 = 0.05.
a. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

𝑯𝟎 : 𝜷𝟏 = 𝜷𝟐 = 𝜷𝟑 = 𝟎
𝑯𝒂 : 𝑨𝒕 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒕 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝜷𝒊 ≠ 𝟎
b. What value would you use to determine if the overall model is significant? 1.099 e-11; What would be
your decision? Reject the null hypothesis
c. What would be your decision for EACH slope coefficient?
Age: Fail to reject the null hypothesis
Experience: Reject the null hypothesis
MBA: Reject the null hypothesis
d. Write out the regression equation.
̂ = 𝟑𝟐. 𝟔𝟖𝟔𝟖 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟓𝒙𝟏 + 𝟐. 𝟖𝟒𝟗𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗. 𝟏𝟕𝟗𝟒𝒙𝟑
𝒚
e. What would be the predicted salary if a person had 5 years’ experience, didn’t have an MBA, and was 45
years old?
̂ = 𝟒𝟔. 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟑
𝒚
𝟐
f. What is the coefficient of determination? 𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟐𝟎𝟐; Explain what it means in terms of this example.
Age, Experience, and MBA account for 92.02% of the variation in Salary.
Call:
lm(formula = Salary ~ Age + Experience + MBA, data = mr_ex_2)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-9.318 -5.152 -2.074 6.225 14.838
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 32.6868 6.8957 4.740 0.000111 ***
Age -0.0195 0.2296 -0.085 0.933105
Experience 2.8490 0.3484 8.178 0.0000000578 ***
MBA 9.1794 3.5653 2.575 0.017669 *
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 6.966 on 21 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9202, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9088
F-statistic: 80.72 on 3 and 21 DF, p-value: 1.077e-11

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1. Calculate a correlation coefficient using the data below.

2. Draw a scatterplot of a positive correlation.

5. Answer the following questions about the correlation matrix below.

Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4

a. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

a. What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

lm(formula = Salary ~ Age + Experience + MBA, data = mr_ex_2)

Min 1Q Median 3Q Max

-9.318 -5.152 -2.074 6.225 14.838

Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)

(Intercept) 32.6868 6.8957 4.740 0.000111 ***

Age -0.0195 0.2296 -0.085 0.933105

Experience 2.8490 0.3484 8.178 0.0000000578 ***

MBA 9.1794 3.5653 2.575 0.017669 *

Residual standard error: 6.966 on 21 degrees of freedom

Multiple R-squared: 0.9202, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9088

F-statistic: 80.72 on 3 and 21 DF, p-value: 1.077e-11

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