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Approaches To Public Administration

The document discusses several approaches to public administration including traditional, modern, scientific, legal, institutional, historical, case study, and behavioral. The traditional approach views administration as hierarchical bureaucracy staffed by neutral officials motivated by public interest. The scientific approach aims to improve efficiency through industrial rationalization and technical systems. The legal approach provides equal protection under the law while the institutional approach examines governmental structures and rules.

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Krystelle Joy Zipagan
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739 views18 pages

Approaches To Public Administration

The document discusses several approaches to public administration including traditional, modern, scientific, legal, institutional, historical, case study, and behavioral. The traditional approach views administration as hierarchical bureaucracy staffed by neutral officials motivated by public interest. The scientific approach aims to improve efficiency through industrial rationalization and technical systems. The legal approach provides equal protection under the law while the institutional approach examines governmental structures and rules.

Uploaded by

Krystelle Joy Zipagan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPROACHES TO PUBLIC

ADMINISTRATION

Public administration is an integral part of the society. Its importance is pivotal in both
developed and developing countries . Public administration as a specialized academic field
deals essentially with the machinery and procedure of government as these are used in the
effective performance of government activities. In simple public administration is a
combination of theory and Practice.

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APPROACHES TO PA
• Traditional Public Administration
• Modern Public Administration

The traditional model can be characterized as: an administration under the formal control
of the political leadership, based on a strictly hierarchical model of bureaucracy, staffed by
permanent, neutral and anonymous officials, motivated only by the public interest, serving
any governing party equally, and not.

The modern approach of public administration has been known to be a theory that
its main aim is to produce results through systems output.

2
TRADITIONAL PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

Knowing something of the history is useful for understanding the present and thinking
about what the future might be.

The public sector in every country has its own unique history, a history that describes,
explains, and draws boundaries around how government can operate in the present.

Knowledge of this history may improve our capacity to adapt management practices to the
political and economic environment.

It can provide a sense of satisfaction in knowing how what we do fits into a larger cultural
story about the public sector.

3
Traditional Public Administration (TPA)

• It is the understanding of the state to directly


produce and perform public services other
than the services that the state itself has to
do such as justice and defense.

4
Traditional Public Administration (TPA)

• In the Traditional Public Administration paradigm,


innovation is mostly associated with the industrial
rationalization of production processes and the adoption
of a technical system. This innovation activity, which
actually excludes the user, is organized in a linear and
top-down way, aiming to provide passive citizens with
homogeneous quasi-products

The industrial rationalization program was meant to improve the competitiveness


of the industries. But its success was limited because the government did not
adopt reasonable standards in assessing what business categories and companies
should be chosen for rationalization.

5
Traditional Public Administration (TPA)
The traditional model can be characterized as:
• an administration under the formal control of the political
leadership;
• based on a strictly hierarchical model of bureaucracy;
• staffed by permanent;
• neutral and anonymous officials;
• motivated only by the public

6
Main Approaches in TPA
• Legal approach
• Scientific Approach
• Institutional and Structural Approach
• Historical
• Case Method Approach
• Behavioral Approach

7
Legal Approach in PA
• Society would be obligated to equal protection and safety of
the laws.
• The legal approach to Public Administration deals with the
application of the law in substantial situations.
• The legal approach is further derived from the two main
sources which are administrative and constitutional law,
which helps in the administration of legal rules and the
protection of rights for the civil society respectively.

8
Legal Approach in PA

• Under this approach, all people are born equal and


unique.
• Budget allocation under this approach needs right
funding which encourages legitimate reliability

9
Scientific Approach in PA

• The main objective of scientific management


approach is to improve productivity and efficiency
in organizations.
• This approach was formulated by Frederick
Winslow Taylor

Frederick Winslow Taylor

It can be associated with Strategic management - the management of an


organization’s resources in order to achieve its goals and objectives.

10
Principles of Scientific Management

Development of a True Science of Work


This could be achieved by scientifically investigating
the working conditions and the amount of work to be
undertaken and then fixing daily task assignments
so that the worker may work in a planned manner.

11
Principles of Scientific Management
Scientific Selection and Training of Workers
• While making scientific selection of workers, their physical
and intellectual qualities should be taken into account.
They should be placed in those jobs to which they are
best suited.
• Every worker must be trained thoroughly and
systematically

It should be the responsibility of management to train the workers and offer them
opportunities for advancement to do the job to the fullest realization of their natural
capacities

12
Principles of Scientific Management

Equal Division of Work between Management and


Workers
• Equal responsibility and work between management and
workers.
• Division of work will mitigate chances of conflict and help
in creating a peaceful atmosphere

13
Principles of Scientific Management

Cooperation between Management and Workers


• Both management and workers are the important
pillars of an industrial organization. The
coordinated efforts of both are essential for the
efficient functioning of an organization.

14
Institutional and Structure Approach in PA
• The instructional approach to the study of public administration
concerns itself with the institutions and organizations of the State.
• The core area of this method lies in detailed study of the structure,
the functioning, rules, and regulations of the executives,
legislatures and the departments of the Government.
• Administration to be an apolitical and technical function which lies
only in the aspect of policy implementation.

15
Historical Approach in PA

• The Historical approach to public


administration focuses on the administrative
systems, process and policies practiced in the
past and then try to interpret them relevantly in the
context of present times.

The important point to note is that scholars should know when to revisit the
past and when to disassociate from it to draw pertinent theories and
conclusions.

16
Case Method Approach in PA

The case-method approach emphasizes the decision-


making behaviour of the administrator and the influence of
the various factors such as personal, legal and institutional
on the decision making process.
This approach is very useful to study the empirical
behaviour of decision-makers and the dynamics of
decision-making in public administration.

17
Behavioral Approach to PA

The behavioral approach to public administration owes its


genesis to the Human Relations Movement of the 1930s.
The movement started off as a protest to the traditional
approaches to public administration that focused on
organizations, institutionalization, rules, and code of
conducts with absolutely no mention of people who are the
center of all these activities.

18

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