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LEARN TODAY, LEAD TOMORROW

IBA
MOCK TEST
TEST 8
IBA / SAT / BCAT

0335-2233455 A 298 Blk 2 Gulshan Iqbal near RAB Medical,

0336-2609437 Opposite Samdani Hospital, Karachi
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1. Please compare & check that the Seat Number, your Name & Other information given on the
answer sheet and on the sticker on your chair are correct and identical to those given on the Admit
Card issued to you. Please also write these information in the boxes given above.
2. Use of calculator / mobile phone is not allowed.
3. Candidates must carefully follow the instructions given in this booklet and by the instructor /
announcer.
4. The test is divided into Four parts. (Total duration of the test is Three Hours).

 Title Page. All Instructions Should Be Examined Carefully. Time : 05 minutes.

 Mathematics Multiple Choice Questions 45 (from 01 to 45) of (from page 1 to 7) –

Time allowed 80 minutes.

 English Multiple Choice Questions 50 (from 1 to 50) of (from page 8 to 23) –

Time allowed 50 minutes.

Note: While working on an allowed part, candidates are not allowed to go forward or backward to other parts.
These parts should be attempted in the order given above.
5. Each question has only one correct answer (A / B / C / D). All answers must be given by marking a X
CROSS SIGN at the concerned option on the answer sheet. There will be NEGATIVE MARKING in all parts of
the test.
6. Each Correct Answer carries four points. One point shall be deducted for every wrong answer.
7. If candidates want to change any of their answers, they should erase their previous answer clearly, completely
and re-mark with a X Cross. In case candidates cross more than one option for the same question, the answer
will be treated as wrong. Over writing is not acceptable. Such answers will be treated as wrong answers.
8. If a candidate does not want to answer any question he / she MUST X CROSS the
option E on the answer sheet.
9. When the instructor says STOP, candidates must close their test booklets and cover it with the answer sheet.
10. Any evidence of cheating or non-compliance with instructions or tearing pages will lead to disqualification from
the test and legal action.
11. Taking away of the question booklet or answer sheet is prohibited.
The candidates should not mark answers on the question booklet, however they may do the rough work on the question
booklet, and all answers must be given in X CROSS SIGN on the answer sheet with the pencil. Make sure you do not write
anything other than your signature and marking of X Cross against your answers on the answer sheet .

WAIT..Do not turn over this page until you are told to do so
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 1

4𝑥 − (10 − 2𝑥) = 𝑐(3𝑥 − 5)

1. If the equation shown has infinitely many solutions, and c is a constant, what is the value of c?
2 2
A) -2 B) − 3 C) 3 D) 2

𝑎 1
2. If 0 < 1 − ≤ , which of the following is not a possible value of a?
2 2
A) 1.5 B) 2 C) 2.5 D) 3

3. The circle shown is given by the equation: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 12. What is the shortest distance
from 𝐴 𝑡𝑜 𝐵?
A) 5 B) 10 C) 4√3 D) 24

4. If 𝑎 line that passes through the coordinates (𝑎 − 1, 2𝑎) and (𝑎, 6) has a slope of 5, what is the value
of 𝑎?
1 1
A) -2 B) − 2 C) 2 D) 2

1
5. For the first 4 of the trip, the plane from Miami flew through heavy winds and dense cloud cover at an
average speed of 200mph. For the remaining portion of the trip, the weather was ideal, and the plane
flew at an average speed of 450 mph. Due to a backlog of planes at ORD, it was forced to circle overhead
in a holding pattern for 25 minutes before landing. At what time did the plane from Miami land in
Chicago?
A) 12:00 PM B) 12:25 PM C) 12:50 PM D) 1:15 PM

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 2
6. A rodeo is building a circular arena. The arena will have a total area of 64𝜋 square yards and can
either be left open for rodeo competitions or divided into 12 equal sections through the center for
auctions. When holding auctions, the rodeo has an average of 4 bulls and 8 horses for sale. A bull cannot
be placed in a section directly beside another section containing a bull, and all edges of these sections
must be reinforced with strong steel to keep the bulls from getting out. Which of the following
represents how much steel in yards the rodeo will need to reinforce the four bull sections?
16𝜋 16𝜋
A) 32𝜋 B) 64𝜋 C) 32 + 3
D) 64 + 3

𝑙
7. If 𝑙 + 2𝑚 = 𝑎 and 𝑙 − 2𝑚 = 𝑏, which of the following is expression for ?
𝑚
𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
A) 2( ) B) 2( ) C) 1 D) none of above
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎+𝑏

8. Soha has a cell phone plan that charges $0.07 per minute plus a month fee of $19.00. She budgets
$29.50 per month for total cell phone expenses without taxes. What is the maximum number of minutes
Tamara could use her phone each month in order to stay within her budget?
A) 150 B) 271 C) 421 D) 692

k
( )+1
9. if 10k = 64, what is the value of 10 2 ?
A) 18 B) 42 C) 80 D) 320

10. Number of people boarded the bus at the terminal. At the first stop, half of the passengers got off
and 1 got on. At the second stop, 1/3 of the passengers on the bus got off and 1 got on. If the bus then
had 15 passengers, how many were there when the bus left the terminal?
A) 40 B) 48 C) 58 D) 60

11. 5% of the apples get spoiled in one days 10% of the remainder get spoiled on the 2nd day, 20% of
the remainder get spoiled on the 3rd day. If a retailer has ordered 13680 apples and he will receive it
on the 4th day. Then how many apples the wholesaler must supply?
A) 16000 B) 14000 C) 15000 D) 20000

12. A reduction of 20% in the price of tea enables a purchaser to obtain 4 kg more for Rs. 80. The
reduced price per kg of tea is
A) Rs. 4 B) Rs. 5 C) Rs. 7 D) Rs. 8

13. The American political system is largely a two party system. In fact, only six candidates who were
not associated with either the Republican or the Democratic Party have been elected governor in
any state since 1990. In one such election, the ratio of votes received for the Independent candidate
to the Democratic candidate to the Republican candidate was approximately 19: 18: 13. If 510,000
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 3
votes were cast in the election, how many more votes were cast for the Independent candidate than
for the Republican candidate?
A) 6,000 B) 10,200 C) 61,200 D) 193,800

14. A mailing supply store sells small shipping boxes in packs of 8 or 20. If the store has 61 packs in
stock totaling 800 small shipping boxes, how many packs have 20 boxes in them, assuming all the
packs are full?
A) 26 B) 32 C) 35 D) 40

15. Johanna picked 3 pounds of strawberries at a "pick-your-own" patch. At this particular patch,
the cost is $ 1.50 for the pail and $3.99 per pound of strawberries picked. If a linear equation is created
to represent the situation and written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, which piece of the equation
would the value 13.47 in this scenario most likely represent?
A) 𝑏 B) 𝑚 C) 𝑥 D) 𝑦

16. A company that makes shoelaces has two machines, both of which run 24 hours a day. The
first machine can produce 36,000 shoelaces per day. The second machine can produce 28,800
shoelaces per day. How many more shoelaces can the first machine make than the second machine in 8
minutes?
A) 5 B) 40 C) 160 D) 200

17. Paint It Like You Want is a paint company. It has been contracted to paint various schools in the
Michigan State. It will take 15 painters, working 8 hours every day for 20 days to paint 12 schools that
have 30 rooms each. The workforce manager needs to know how many painters will be required for
another contract has 16 schools, 12 rooms, 16 days and workers are allowed to work for 8 hours only
daily?
A) 25 B) 15 C) 10 D) 20

18. Triangle ABC (not shown) is a right triangle, with 𝐴𝐵 < 𝐴𝐶 < 𝐵𝐶. If the length of side 𝐴𝐵 is 6 and
the length of side 𝐵𝐶 is 10, what is the area, in square units, of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶?
A) 24 B) 30 C) 48 D) 60

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B

19. Given that 𝑠𝑖𝑛53° ≈ 0.8, what is the approximate length of side 𝐴𝐵 in the figure above?
A) 6 B) 7.2 C) 8 D) 8.5

20. The difference between the value of a number increased by 12.5% and the value of the original
number decreased by 25% is 30. What is the original number?
A) 60 B) 80 C) 40 D) 120 E) 160

21. The profits of QRS company rose 10% from March to April, then dropped 20% from April to May,
then rose 50% from May to June. What was the percent increase for the whole quarter, from March to
June?
(A) 15% (B) 32% (C) 40% (D) 62% (E) 80%

22. A scientific research study examined a large number of young foxes, that is, foxes between 1 year
and 2 years old. The study found that 80% of the young foxes caught a rabbit at least once, and 60%
caught a songbird at least once If 10% of the young foxes never caught either a rabbit or a songbird,
then what percentage of young foxes were successful in catching at least one rabbit and at least one
songbird?
(A) 40% (B) 50% (C) 60% (D) 80% (E) 90%

23. Two muffins and a carton of milk cost $3.35. If five muffins and a carton of milk cost $5.60, what is
the cost of two cartons of milk?
A) $0.75 B) $1.50 C) $1.85 D) $3.70

24. There are many ways to defrost a turkey. One way is to let it thaw slowly in the refrigerator, at a
thaw rate of about 4 pounds per day. Another way is to submerge the turkey in cold water, which thaws
it at a rate of 1 pound per 30 minutes. Approximately how many more ounces of turkey can the
coldwater method thaw in 2 hours than the refrigerator method? (1 pound = 16 ounces)
A) 16 B) 27 C) 32 D) 59

25. Seven years ago a father was four times as old as his son, but in 7 years more he will be only
twice as old. What is the age of each?
A) Father's age 45; Son's age 20 years
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 5
B) Father's age 40; Son's age 17 years
C) Father's age 35 years; Son's 14 years
D) Father's age 32 years; Son's age 12 years

26. In a certain game, each player scores either 2 points or 5 points. If n players score 2 points and m
players score 5 points, and the total number of points scored is 50, what is the least possible positive
difference between n and m?
A) 1 B) 3 C) 5 D) 7 E) 9

27. One machine can seal 360 packages per hour, and older machine can seal 140 packages per hour.
How many MINUTES will the two machines working together take to seal a total of 700 packages?
A) 48 B) 72 C) 84 D) 90 E) 108

28. A certain class had a debate competition among boys and girls. The girls had an average score of 70
out of 100, whereas the overall class had an average of 80. Find the average score of boys if there are 4
girls and 5 boys in a class?
A) 85 B) 82 C) 90 D) 88

29. A brick staircase has a total of 40 steps. The bottom step requires 88 bricks. Each successive step
requires two less bricks then the previous step. How many bricks are required for the top step?
A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10

30. A ball thrown vertically upwards reaches a maximum height of 100 meters. In the absence of
wind and any air friction it comes down vertically and bounces back to a height one third that of the
previous height attained. The height attained by the ball after 5 th bounce is:
100 100 200 100
A) B) C) 243 D) 243
15 27

31. If α,ß are the roots of 2x 2 - 4x + 5 = 0, α2 ß + αß2 =

A) 1 B)-1 C) 5 D) 2

32. A jar contains between 40 and 50 marbles. If the marbles are taken out of the jar three at a time,
two marbles will be left in the jar. If the marbles are taken out of the bar 5 at a time then four marbles
will be left in the jar. How many marbles are there in the jar?
A) 41 B) 43 C) 44 D) 47 E) 49

33. Define 𝑥 ∗ by the equation 𝑥 ∗ = 𝜋 − 𝑥, then ((−𝜋)∗ )∗

A) −2 𝜋 B) -1 C) −𝜋 D) 2 𝜋 E) 4 𝜋
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34. If a rectangular swimming pool has a volume of 16,500 cubic feet, a depth of 10 feet, and a length of
75 feet, what is the width of the pool, in feet?
A) 22 B) 26 C) 32 D) 110

35. What is the smallest integer n for which 25𝑛 > 512 ?
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

36. Sixty percent of the members of a study group are women, and 45 percent of those women are
lawyers. If one member of the study group is to be selected at random, what is the probability that the
member selected is a woman lawyer?
(A) 0.10 (B) 0.15 (C) 0.27 (D) 0.33 (E) 0.45

37. At a certain fruit stand, the price of each apple is 40cents and the price of each orange is 60 cents.
Mary selects a total of 10 apples and oranges from the fruit stand, and the average (arithmetic mean)
price of the 10 pieces of fruit is 56 cents. How many oranges must Mary put back so that the average
price of the pieces of fruit that she keeps is 52 cents?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

38. If 𝑛 = 38 – 28 , which of the following is NOT a factor of 𝑛?

(A) 97 (B) 65 (C) 35 (D) 13 (E) 5

39. In order to complete a reading assignment on time, Terry planned to read 90 pages per day.
However, she read only 75 pages per day at first, leaving 690 pages to be read during the last 6 days
before the assignment was to be completed. How many days in all did Terry have to complete the
assignment on time?
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 25 (D) 40 (E) 46

40. There are 8 teams in a certain league and each team plays each of the other teams exactly once. If
each game is played by 2 teams, what is the total number of games played?
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 28 (D) 56 (E) 64

41. If 𝑦 is the smallest positive integer such that 3,150 multiplied by 𝑦 is the square of an integer, then 𝑦
must be
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) 14

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42. How many prime numbers between 1 and 100 are factors of 7,150?
(A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four (E) Five

43. A border of uniform width is placed around a rectangular photograph that measures 8 inches by
10 inches. If the area of the border is 144 square inches, what is the width of the border, in inches?
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 9

44. What is the difference between the sixth and the fifth terms of the sequence 2, 4, 7, … whose 𝑛𝑡ℎ
term is 𝑛 + 𝑛𝑛−1 ?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 16 (E) 17

45. A particular parking garage is increasing its rates by 15 percent per month. Bob decides to reduce
the number of days he uses the garage per month so that the amount he spends at the garage per
month remains unchanged. Which of the following is closest to Bob’s percentage reduction in the
number of days he uses the garage each month?
A) 10% B) 11% C) 12% D) 13% E) 14%

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 8

Passage 1

The following passage is from a discussion of various ways that living creatures have been classified over
the years.

The world can be classified in different ways, depending on one's interests and principles of
classification. The classifications (also known as taxonomies) in turn determine which comparisons seem
natural or unnatural, which literal or analogical. For example, it has been common to classify living
creatures into three distinct groups—plants, animals, and humans. According to this classification,
human beings are not a special kind of animal, nor animals a special kind of plant. Thus any comparisons
between the three groups are strictly analogical. Reasoning from inheritance in garden peas to
inheritance in fruit flies, and from these two species to inheritance in human beings, is sheer poetic
metaphor.

Another mode of classifying living creatures is commonly attributed to Aristotle. Instead of

treating plants, animals, and humans as distinct groups, they are nested. All living creatures possess a
vegetative soul that enables them to grow and metabolize. Of these, some also have a sensory soul that
enables them to sense their environments and move. One species also has a rational soul that is capable
of true understanding. Thus, human beings are a special sort of animal, and animals are a special sort of
plant. Given this classification, reasoning from human beings to all other species with respect to the
attributes of the vegetative soul is legitimate, reasoning from human beings to other animals with
respect to the attributes of the sensory soul is also legitimate, but reasoning from the rational
characteristics of the human species to any other species is merely analogical. According to both
classifications, the human species is unique. In the first, it has a kingdom all to itself; in the second, it
stands at the pinnacle of the taxonomic hierarchy.

Homo sapiens is unique. All species are. But this sort of uniqueness is not enough for many
(probably most) people, philosophers included. For some reason, it is very important that the species to
which we belong be uniquely unique. It is of utmost importance that the human species be insulated
from all other species with respect to how we explain certain qualities. Human beings clearly are
capable of developing and learning languages. For some reason, it is very important that the waggle
dance performed by bees * not count as a genuine language. I have never been able to understand why.
I happen to think that the waggle dance differs from human languages to such a degree that little is
gained by terming them both "languages," but even if "language" is so defined that the waggle dance
slips in, bees still remain bees. It is equally important to some that no other species use tools. No matter
how ingenious other species get in the manipulation of objects in their environment, it is absolutely
essential that nothing they do count as "tool use."

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I, however, fail to see what difference it makes whether any of these devices such as probes and
anvils, etc. are really tools. All the species involved remain distinct biological species no matter what
decisions are made. Similar observations hold for rationality and anything a computer might do.

1. What can be inferred from the passage about the author’s belief about what is most responsible for
influencing our perception of a comparison between species?

A) Organisms and their behavior in their natural environment

B) The organizational scheme imposed on the living world by researchers and philosophers
C) The style of language used by scientists in presenting their research
D) The sophistication of the communication between organisms
E) The magnitude of hierarchical distance between a species and Homo sapiens

2. According to an Aristotelian classification scheme, which of the following is not possible?

A) Two species that are alike in having sensory souls but differ in that one lacks a rational soul
B) Two species that are alike in having vegetative souls but differ in that only one has a sensory soul
C) A species with a vegetative soul while lacking sensory and rational souls
D) A species having vegetative and rational souls while lacking a sensory soul
E) A species having vegetative and sensory souls while lacking a rational soul

3. Which of the following comparisons would be "legitimate" for all living organisms according to the
Aristotelian scheme described in paragraph two?

I. Comparisons based on the vegetative soul

II. Comparisons based on the sensory soul
III. Comparisons based on the rational soul

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) II and III only
E) I, II, and III

4. If the author had wished to explain why "most" people (line 21) feel the way they do, the explanation
would have probably focused on the

A) reality of distinct biological species

B) most recent advances in biological research
C) behavioral similarities between Homo sapiens and other species
D) role of language in the development of technology
E) lack of objectivity in the classification of Homo sapiens

5. The author uses the words "For some reason" in line 21 to express

A) rage
B) disapproval
C) despair
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 10
D) sympathy
E) uncertainty

6. Which best summarizes the idea of "uniquely unique" (line 22)?

A) Uniqueness is inherently a very non-unique trait.

B) We are defined by attributes that we alone possess and that are qualitatively different from those of
other species.
C) We are, by virtue of our elevated rank, insulated from many of the problems of survival faced by less
sophisticated species.
D) Our awareness of our uniqueness defines us as a rational species.
E) Our unique status is a by-product of random classification systems.

7. In line 22, "insulated from" means

A) warmed by
B) covered with
C) barred from
D) segregated from
E) protected from

8. In the third paragraph, the author criticizes those who believe that

A) the similarities between Homo sapiens and other species are significant
B) the differences between Homo sapiens and other animals are defined by degree
C) Homo sapiens and animals belong to separate and distinct divisions of the living world
D) Homo sapiens and animals can control their environment
E) Homo sapiens along with other organisms can be arranged in Aristotelian groups

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Passage 2

In this passage a Mexican American historian describes a technique she used as part of her research.

Doña Teodora offered me yet another cup of strong, black coffee. The aroma of the big, paper-
thin Sonoran tortillas filled the small, linoleum-covered kitchen, and I knew that with the coffee I would
receive a buttered tortilla straight from the round, homemade comal (a flat, earthen-ware cooking pan)
balanced on the gas-burning stove. For three days, from ten in the morning until early evening, I had
been sitting in the same comfortable wooden chair, taking cup after cup of black coffee and consuming
hot tortillas. Doña Teodora was ninety years old, and although she would take occasional breaks from
patting, extending, and turning over tortillas to let her cat in or out, it appeared that I was the only one
exhausted at the end of the day. But once out, as I went over the notes, filed and organized the tape
cassettes, exhilaration would set in. The intellectual and emotional excitement I had previously
experienced when a pertinent document would suddenly appear now waned in comparison to the
gestures and words, the joy and anger doña Teodora offered.

She had not written down her thoughts; but the ideas, recollections, and images evoked by her
lively oral expression were jewels for anyone who wanted to know about the life of Mexicanas * in
booming mining towns on both sides of the Mexico-United States border in the early twentieth century.
She never kept a diary. The thought of writing a memoir would have been put aside as presumptuous.
But all her life doña Teodora had lived amidst the telling and retelling of family stories. Genealogies of
her own family as well as complete and up-to-date information of the marriages, births, and deaths of
numerous families that made up her community were all well-kept memories. These chains of
generations were fleshed out with recollections of the many events and tribulations of these families.
Oral history had proven to be a fertile field for my research on the history of Mexicanas.

My search had begun in libraries and archives—repositories of conventional history. The

available sources were to be found in census reports, church records, directories, and other such
statistical information. These, however, as important as they are, cannot provide one of the essential
dimensions of history, the full narrative of the human experience that defies quantification and
classification. In certain social groups this gap can be filled with diaries, memoirs, letters, or even reports
from others. In the case of Mexicanas in the United States, one of the many devastating consequences
of defeat and conquest has been that the traditional institutions that preserve and transfer culture (the
documentation of the past) have ignored these personal written sources. The letters, writings, and
documents of Mexican people have rarely, if ever, been included in archives, special collections, or
libraries. At best, some centers have attempted to collect newspapers published by Mexicans, but the
effort was started late. The historian who tries to reconstruct the past from newspapers is constantly
frustrated because, although titles abound, collections are scarce and often incomplete.

Although many hours of previous study and preparation had taken me to doña Teodora's
kitchen, I was initially unsure of my place. Was I really an insider or were the experiences that had made
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 12
the lives of my interviewees such that, although I could speak Spanish and am Mexicana, I was still an
outsider?

I realized, nonetheless, that the richness and depth of the spoken word challenges the
comforting theories and models of the social sciences. Mexican history challenges social-science models
derived solely from victorious imperialistic experiences.

Our history cannot be written without new sources. These sources will determine which
concepts are needed to illuminate and interpret the past, and these concepts will emerge from the
people themselves. This will permit the description of events and structures to assume a culturally
relevant perspective, thus emphasizing the point of view of the Mexican people. The use of theoretical
constructs must follow the voices of the people who live the reality, consciously or not. For too long the
experiences of women have been studied according to male-oriented sources and constructs. These
must be questioned. For the history of Mexican people, the sources primarily exist in our own worlds.
And it is here where we must begin. I often found that as the memory awakened, other sources would
emerge. Boxes of letters, photographs, and even manuscripts and diaries would appear. Long-standing
assumptions of illiteracy were shattered and had to be reexamined. I saw that constant reevaluation
became the rule rather than the exception. I entered women's worlds created on the margin—not only
of Anglo life, but of, and outside of, the lives of their own fathers, husbands, sons, brothers, or priests,
bosses, and bureaucrats.

9. The author's comments in the third paragraph suggest that her research project resembles more
conventional research in its

A) attention to the details of everyday life in certain communities

B) use of written public materials as a starting point
C) adoption of family memories of past events as data
D) reliance on church and state records to test new theories
E) assumption that conventional sources are accurate but incomplete

10. In what sense are "census reports, church records, directories" (line 22) inadequate?

A) They place too great a reliance on political factors.

B) They blur the distinction between the political and the religious realm.
C) They are not of sufficient accuracy to be of use to historians.
D) They do not tell the human side of the story.
E) They are often too difficult to obtain.

11. The "gap" referred to in line 25 can best be described as the distance between the

A) politically motivated view of reality and the personally motivated view of reality
B) abundance of concrete facts and the shortage of scholarly interpretation of them
C) pictures presented by traditional historical sources and by subjective personal accounts
D) information contained in libraries and the information that has been lost
E) story of one person and the history of a nation as a whole

12. In line 34, "place" most nearly means

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 13
A) home
B) duty
C) role
D) appropriate moment
E) geographical location

13. What is the effect of the question in lines 34-36?

A) It suggests that sharing ethnicity and language might not be enough to make one an insider.
B) It eliminates the distinction between insider and outsider.
C) It refutes the claim that being an outsider is an important criterion for doing research.
D) It suggests that only those with an outsider's perspective can see things objectively.
E) It suggests that human sympathy is more important than ethnicity or language.

14. Which statement most accurately presents the author's sense of the relationship between the
"spoken word" (line 37) and the "theories and models of the social sciences" (lines 37-38)?

A) Theories and models must come first in order to make sense of the spoken word.
B) The spoken word makes general theories and models unnecessary.
C) Theories and models cannot account for quantitative data as well as the spoken word can.
D) The spoken word is more likely to introduce errors into the historical record than are theories and
models.
E) The spoken word can yield greater insight than presently accepted theories and models can.

15. The author indicates that the "concepts" mentioned in line 41 originate in

A) informal records and information provided by ordinary people

B) comments of senior members of a community on the ways the community has functioned
C) patterns of social behavior that have been exhibited by previously studied cultures
D) personal experiences of historians who have interviewed many people
E) systematic categories devised by historians for various types of sources

Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be
revised.

16. For homes in typically colder geographic regions, it is particularly important to have effective and
efficient heating systems.

A) For homes in typically colder geographic regions

B) For people in homes in typically colder geographic regions
C) For homes in typically cold geographic regions
D) People in typically colder geographic regions
E) Homes in typically colder geographic regions

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 14
17. Inside the glove compartment were legal documents, pictures, and there were a few napkins from
the coffee shop, but no gloves.

A) and there were a few napkins from the coffee shop, but no gloves.
B) and there were a few napkins from the coffee shop, but not any gloves.
C) and napkins from the coffee shop, no gloves were there.
D) and napkins from the coffee shop, but no gloves.
E) and napkins from the coffee shop, there were no gloves.

18. Concerns about global warming have grown into actual efforts sanctioned by non-governmental
organizations and governments that not only work to understand global warming and also to prevent it.

A) understand global warming and also to prevent it.

B) understand global warming but also to prevent it.
C) understand global warming yet also to prevent it.
D) understand global warming but also to prevent its growth.
E) understand global warming yet also to prevent it’s growth.

19. Even though I have seen the movie countless times, I still laughed when the sheriff throws his mug.

A) laughed when the sheriff throws his mug.

B) laugh when the sheriff throws his mug.
C) laugh when the sheriff threw his mug.
D) laughed whenever the sheriff throws his mug.
E) laugh when the sheriff will throw his mug.

20. High school reunions are usually looked forward to by alumni that have worked hard since
graduation and now consider themselves successful.

A) High school reunions are usually looked forward to by alumni that have worked hard since graduation
and now consider themselves successful.
B) High school reunions are usually looked forward to by alumni who have worked hard since graduation
and now consider themselves successful.
C) Alumni who have worked hard since graduation and now consider themselves successful usually look
forward to high school reunions.
D) Alumnus that have worked hard since graduation and now consider themselves successful usually
look forward to high school reunions.
E) High school reunions are usually looked forward to by alumni that have worked hard since graduation
and now consider yourselves successful.

21. Yesterday I fell down the stairs and then tried to act like I did so on purpose.

A) Yesterday I fell down the stairs and then

B) Yesterday I fell down the stairs, I
C) I fell down the stairs yesterday, I
D) After I fell down the stairs yesterday; I
E) Falling down the stairs; I

22. Lockers in schools are often dilapidated, making student’s valuables susceptible to theft.
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 15
A) making student’s valuables susceptible to theft
B) which makes student’s valuables susceptible to theft
C) that makes student’s valuables susceptible to theft
D) that makes students’ valuables susceptible to theft
E) making students’ valuables susceptible to theft

23. Fleeing the horde of zombies on foot, an apparently safe building became visible to the terrified
couple.

A) an apparently safe building became visible to the terrified couple.

B) the terrified couple spotted a building that looked safe.
C) a safe looking building was spotted by the terrified couple.
D) the terrified couple's luck changed when they spotted a safe looking building.
E) their fear subsided somewhat when the terrified couple would spot a safe looking building.

24. Natural disasters have been increasingly effecting nearly every part of the world in the past decade
with catastrophic tornadoes, hurricanes and tsunamis.

A) have been increasingly effecting

B) has been increasingly effecting
C) have been increasingly affecting
D) will be increasingly effecting
E) will be increasingly affecting

25. For every song that is a hit, it is critical to have a quality “beat” and quality lyrics; however, music
companies hire professional producers and song writers.

A) however
B) therefore
C) nevertheless
D) and
E) yet

26. One of the most influential niche constructors is the earthworm, an organism found almost
everywhere on the planet. (1) A scientist only concerned with evolution would predict that, in order to
live on land, earthworms would have to significantly change. Earthworms didn’t change their physiology
a great amount, however, instead, they changed the soil to make it more like the ocean in order to
survive. Land with earthworms is less compacted, is more nutrient rich, and better mixed than land
without them – leading to monumental changes in the ecosystem.

The author is considering adding the following sentence at (1).

“Earthworms were originally aquatic organisms that were ill-equipped to survive on land.”

Should the author make this addition?

A) No, because the author does not further address why this fact is important.
B) Yes, because it explains the prediction made in the next sentence.
C) No, because it distracts from the discussion on niche construction.
D) Yes, because it adds information about the roles of earthworms as niche creators.
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 16
27. For thousands of years, cooking was considered more of a practice than a science. Much of what
chefs and food scientists alike knew about cooking came from conventional wisdom rather than
carefully designed research. For individuals who considered cooking to be an art rather than a science,
this seemed to be for the best; however, for physicist Nicholas Kurti and chemist Herve This, the lack on
empirical knowledge around what we eat was not just an affront to science. It was a challenge. In 1988
the pair coined the term “molecular gastronomy,” which they defined as the investigation of the
physical and chemical transformation that ingredients undergo during the course of cooking. They
argued that if chefs understood these processes, they could produce dishes improved by the findings.
(1)

At (1), the author is considering adding the following sentence.

"The pair’s philosophy came from the Enlightenment thinkers of the 18th century, who believed that
everything could be categorized and systematized."

Should the author make this addition here?

A) Yes, because it reinforces a claim that is made earlier in the paragraph.

B) No, because it distracts from the paragraph’s focus on early experiments in molecular gastronomy.
C) Yes, because it explains the origin of the phrase “molecular gastronomy”.
D) No, because it is not relevant to the focus of the paragraph.

28. The Sagrada Familia has stood, incomplete, as part of the Barcelona skyline since the early phases of
its construction in 1882. The project, originally intended to be a cathedral in the gothic style, was begun
by the bookseller Joseph Maria Bocabella under the direction of the architect Francisco de Paula del
Villar. Del Villar and Bocabella imagined a basilica modeled on the Gothic revival churches Bocabella had
seen on trips to Italy. However, Bocabella’s ideal basilica never came to be. In 1883 del Villar resigned
from the project, and 30-year old Antoni Gaudi, a young but already well-known architect from
Catalonia, took over as lead architect.

Gaudi decided to depart from del Villar’s original Gothic design in favor of a more modern design. The
new design was ambitious, featuring eighteen tall spires and four different facades on different sides of
the basilica. But work on the new building was slow. Decades passed, and the work was still incomplete.
In 1915, Gaudi - now 63 years old - abandoned all other work in favor of dedicating himself to the
completion of the monumental church, but progress on the building was still slow. When pressured to
speed up work on the monumental building, Gaudi was said to have replied, “My client is not in a
hurry.” By the time Gaudi died in 1926, the basilica was only somewhere between 15 and 20 percent
complete.

After Gaudi’s death, work stalled between 1936 and 1940 when Civil War broke out in Spain and again
as World War II began, leaving the project years behind schedule. During the wars, Catalan anarchists
destroyed part of the basilica and the models and designs Gaudi left for the builders, who were forced
to reconstruct what plans they could, an arduous and time-consuming process. It took years for the
project to get back on track; once it was, it was impossible to know whether additional construction
would match Gaudi’s vision.

The Sagrada Familia, one of the most iconic structures in Barcelona, remains unfinished, a constant
work-in-progress in the Barcelona skyline. Despite these setbacks, it is open to the public for both

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 17
religious services and tourism, attracting over three million visitors a year. In fact, tourist entrance fees
now pay for annual construction costs. (1)

At (1), the author is considering adding the following sentence.

“Architects estimate that the building is now 70 percent complete and that the structure itself should be
finished by 2026, one hundred years after Gaudi’s death."

Should the author make this addition here?

A) Yes, because it provides a conclusion that relates to the information given earlier in the passage.
B) Yes, because it provides a conclusion that reminds readers of the grandeur of the Sagrada Familia.
C) No, because it distracts from the paragraph’s emphasis on construction costs.
D) No, because it is irrelevant to the main idea of the passage.

29. Since their inception, Rorschach inkblots—named after Hermann Rorschach, the Swiss psychoanalyst
who invented them—have been known to confuse the visual cortex. We tend to see what we want to
see in them. And although their use in psychology has been debunked (whether you see a butterfly or a
dancing clown in an image is not a reliable indication of your mental state), why we see different things
at all remains a puzzle.

The idea for the new study came about because physicist Richard Taylor is developing bionic eyes to
cure blindness in people who have had diseases of the retina. (1)

To understand why Rorschach inkblots have this enigmatic effect, Taylor and his team at the University
of Oregon took lots of blots and analyzed them to see if they were fractals. Fractals are patterns that
repeat themselves across different scales.

At (1), the writer is considering adding the following sentence:

“In order to do that,” said Taylor, “we have to understand what normal vision is doing.”

Should the writer make this addition here?

A) No, because it is better used elsewhere in the passage.

B) Yes, because it helps answer why Rorschach blots look different to different people.
C) No, because it doesn’t relate to Rorschach blots.
D) Yes, because it provides context to how the study and bionic eyes are related.

30. There is general agreement among today’s scientists that the scientific work of women has been
historically undervalued. For example, Rosalind Franklin, a British physicist, was responsible for
capturing the images that informed our modern understanding of the structures of DNA. (1) Her
contributions were overshadowed by the work of James Watson and Francis Crick, who relied on her
models in assembling their famous double-helix model, but neglected to provide her sufficient credit.

At (1), the writer is considering adding the following sentence:

DNA is a complex molecule composed of nucleotide base pairs which transmits genetic information
within living cells.

Should the writer make this addition here?

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 18
A) Yes, because it helps to explain why Watson and Crick neglected to credit Franklin for her images.
B) No, because it undermines the paragraph’s claim about Franklin’s contributions.
C) Yes, because it reinforces the paragraph’s point about the complexity of DNA’s structure.
D) No, because it distracts from the paragraph’s point that women’s scientific work is undervalued.

Passage 3

Democracy
Langston Hughes

Democracy will not come

Today, this year
Nor ever
Through compromise and fear.

I have as much right

As the other fellow has
To stand
On my two feet
And own the land.

I tire so of hearing people say,

Let things take their course.
Tomorrow is another day.
I do not need my freedom when I'm dead.
I cannot live on tomorrow's bread.

Freedom
Is a strong seed
Planted
In a great need.
I live here, too.
I want freedom
Just as you.

31. What is the theme of this poem?

A) A man who wants to have freedom before it is too late
B) Be patient
C) All people desire freedom and deserve equal rights during their lifetime
D) Democracy

32. What point of view is used in the poem "Democracy" by Langston Hughes?
A) 1st person
B) 2nd person
C) 3rd person omniscient
D) 3rd person limited
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 19
Passage 4

The New Colossus

BY Emma Lazarus

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,

With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
“Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she
With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

33. In the poem, the word "teeming" in line 12 most likely means

A) full
B) dirty
C) rich
D) dangerous

34. The poem is an example of a

A) villianelle
B) sonnet
C) haiku
D) epitaph

35. What does the "New Colossus" say to give her?

A) the tired
B) the poor
C) the homeless
D) all of the above

36. What is the main idea of the poem?

A) to speak out against immigration

B) to show how great America is
C) to welcome immigrants to America
D) to offer hope to those leaving America

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37. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?

A) abab abab abab cc

B) abba abba cd cd cd
C) abba abba abba cd
D) abab abab cd cd cd

38. What is the meaning of the word "beacon" in line six?

A) light
B) waving
C) freedom
D) beckoning

39. Which word is not a synonym of "wretched" as it is used in the poem?

A) cheap
B) deplorable
C) pitiful
D) worthless

40. "The New Colossus" is inscribed on what famous statue?

A) the Eiffel Tower

B) the Vietnam Memorial
C) the Statue of Liberty
D) the Washington Monument

Choose the best meaning for the following words.

41. Ironic

A) fundamental in nature
B) contrary to what is expected
C) amusing
D) a contradiction

42. Enormity

A) large in size
B) a vast quantity
C) a great moral wrong
D) beyond reproach

43. Unabashed
A) not sympathetic
B) not embarrassed
C) not apathetic
D) not well known

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 21
44. assiduous

A) beyond comprehension
B) a pointless trife
C) persistent effort
D) a paradox

45. recalcitrant

A) resistant to authority
B) lacking in focus
C) resistant to change
D) lacking in principles

Choose the best analogies.

46. cheap : peach :: ______ : large

A) king
B) regal
C) orange
D) majestic

47. worth : whort ::______ : nadir

A) apex
B) arc
C) drain
D) sink

48. development : sprawl :: famine : ______

A) malnutrition
B) crawl
C) urban
D) obesity

49. to : too :: loot : ______

A) two
B) steal
C) toot
D) lute

50. member : club :: ______ : pride

A) lion
B) win
C) medal
D) accept

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