Be Winter 2021

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.
___________
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–V (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2021
Subject Code:3151909 Date:01/01/2022
Subject Name:Heat Transfer
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed
MARKS
Q.1 (a) What are three modes of heat transfer? Explain their differences briefly with 03
example.
(b) Draw the sketch of variation of temperature along the length for parallel and 04
counter flow heat exchangers and write their comparisons.
(c) A roof of the electrically heated home is 6 m long, 8 m wide and 0.25 m thick 07
and is made of a concrete layer whose thermal conductivity is 1.0 W/m-k. The
temperature of the inner and the outer surfaces of the roof are measured to be
30 C and 15 C respectively for a period of 12 hours. Assume steady state
condition for the mentioned period of 12 hours.
Determine:
1. The rate of heat loss through the roof and
2. The cost of heat loss to the home owner if the cost of electricity is Rs 0.5/kWh.
Q.2 (a) Explain and differentiate natural and forced convection. 03

(b) With neat sketch explain the heat conduction through a plan wall with and 04
without heat generation.
(c) Determine the amount of heat transferred through a pin fin made of aluminum, 07
length 50 mm, width 100 mm and thickness of 5 mm. The temperature at the
base of the fin is 80 C. Take thermal conductivity k = 210 W/mC and heat
transfer coefficient h=42 W/m2K. Also determine the temperature at tip of the
fin, if the atmospheric temperature is 30 C.
OR
(c) What is the limitation of Rayleigh’s method of dimensional analysis? Which 07

method is preferred in such case and how repeating variables are selected?
Q.3 (a) What do you understand by absorptivity? How can it be improved for an opaque 03
body?
(b) Prove with the usual notations that the Reynolds number for flow in a circular 04
tube of diameter (d) can be expressed as Re=4m/πdµ.
(c) Define Boit number. What is the physical significance of it? The Biot number 07
during a heat transfer process between sphere and it surrounding is 0.02. Would
you use lumped system analysis for determining the centre temperature of the
sphere? Why?
OR
Q.3 (a) What is a compact heat exchanger? Write their key areas of applications. 03
(b) State the regimes of pool boiling and define process of condensation. 04
(c) In a thermal power plant heat loss is to be minimized in a 240 mm steam main 07
which is 210 meter long and is covered with two insulation materials. First 50
1
mm of high temperature insulation (k=0.092 W/mC) and 40 mm of low
temperature insulation (k=0.062 W/mC). The inner and outer surface
temperatures as measured are 390 C and 40 C respectively. Neglecting heat
conduction through pipe material Determine:
1. The total heat loss per hour.
2. The temperature between two layers of insulation.
Q.4 (a) What do you understand by fouling factor in case of heat exchanger? List the 03
causes of fouling.
(b) Derive the Stefan-Boltzmann law from the Plank’s law of thermal radiation. 04
What is the value of Stefan-Boltzmann constant?
(c) A potato having mean diameter of 50 mm and initially at 25 C is placed in 07
boiling water for 4 minutes and found to be boiled to the desired level. For how
long should a similar potato should be boiled in the same environment and for
the same level when taken from the cold storage at 10 C. Take the following
properties for potato
K=10 W/m C,  = 1200 kg/m3, c = 2000 J/kg C, h = 100 W/m2 C and Use
Lump Theory.
OR
Q.4 (a) What do you understand by TEMA charts? How are they useful in the design of 03
multi-pass heat exchangers.
(b) How is the thermal performance of a fin measured? Explain fin efficiency and 04
effectiveness.
(c) Explain geometric similarity, kinematic similarity and dynamic similarity with 07
example.
Q.5 (a) List the good characteristics of thermal insulating material? 03
(b) Define radiation heat transfer coefficient? On what factor does it depend? 04
(c) In a certain mechanical industry a counter flow heat exchanger is to be used to 07
cool the air from 540 C to 145 C. The flow rate of air is 12.5 kg/s and heat
exchanger contains 4200 tubes each having a diameter of 30 mm. The sea water
is to be used to cool the air and water enters the heat exchanger at 25 C and
leaves at 75 C. If the water side resistance to flow is negligible, calculate the
tube length required for this heat duty. For turbulent flow inside tubes use Nu =
0.023 Re0.8 Pr0.4 and mass flow m = NAV where N= number of tubes
The properties of the air at the average temperature are as follows:
K=0.003 W/m C,  = 1.09 kg/m3, cp = 1.008 kJ/kg C, µ = 2.075 × 10-5 kg/ms
(Ns/m2)
OR
Q.5 (a) Explain Displacement thickness, Momentum thickness and Energy thickness. 03
(b) Write a short note of critical radius of insulation. 04
(c) What do you understand by NTU method in case of heat transfer? Derive its 07
expression following the usual notations for parallel flow heat exchanger.
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Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Q.2 (a) Explain and differentiate natural and forced convection. 03

(c) What is the limitation of Rayleigh’s method of dimensional analysis? Which 07

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