JULIAN ENAD MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Media and Information Literacy

LEARNER’S HOME TASK #: 5/Q1

Name: _______________________________________Yr. & Section:____________________
Date:_______________

I. MELC: Cite practical situation when to apply knowledge in intellectual property, copy right,
and fair use of guidelines.
II. OBJECTIVES:
Knowledge : Cite practical situation when to apply knowledge in
intellectual property, copy right, and fair use guidelines.
Skill : Put into practice your understanding of the intellectual
property, copy right, and fair use guidelines,
Attitude : Value the legal, ethical & societal issues in media and information

SUBJECT MATTER:
Legal, Ethical & Societal Issues in Media and Information
Reference:

Books
Liquigan, Boots C. Media and Information Literacy. Philippine: DIWA Learning System
Inc., 2016
Zarate, Jovita E. Media and Information Literacy. 1st ed. Philippine: Rex Book Store,
Inc. 2016
Web Sites
GCFGlobal:GCFLearnFree.org. “Internet Basics”.
https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/internetbasics/ (accessed 21 June 2020)
Dwyer, “David Top 12 Best Search Engines in the World”, https://www.inspire.scot/blog/2016/11/11/top-
12-best-search-engines-in-the-world238 (Accessed 21 June 2020)
“Media Convergence: Opportunities and Challenges.”
https://mconvergence.wordpress.com/2011/12/12/media-convergence-opportunities-
ans-challenges/ (accessed 21 June 2020)
https://www.colorado.edu/ecenter/sites/default/files/styles/large_square_thumbnail/
public/callout/newspapers_magazines_and_books.jpg?itok=y_8Lr7dR (Accessed 11
August 2020)
https://iupui.libguides.com/longDesc/typesOfSources (Accessed 21 June 2020)
https://tribune.net.ph/index.php/2019/01/04/cebu-public-library-to-go-digital/ (Accessed 21 June 2020)
PROCEDURE:
A. Readings:
Let us determine how much you already know about the legal, ethical, and societal
issues in media and information by answering the questions below. Use your worksheet or
notebook for your answers.
True or False. Write True if the statement is correct, otherwise False
_________ 1. A copyright protects solely original works of “authorship” like
literacy works and sound recording.
_________ 2. In the internet always remember that real people take priority.
_________ 3. Algorithm is a collection of rules that governs what conduct is
socially acceptable in a web or digital scenario.
_________ 4. Never post private or embarrassing images or comments in social
media.
_________ 5. Computer addiction is a disorder in which individual turns to the
Internet or plays computer games to change moods, overcome anxiety, deal with
depression, reduce isolation or loneliness, or distract themselves from
overwhelming problems
 Legal, Ethical & Societal Issues in Media and Information
What is copyright?
Copyright is mainly the protection of one’s expressions which only becomes tangible and
concepts when objects are created as manifestation of these expression. Copyright could be a
variety of protection provided by the laws to the authors of “original works of authorship,”
together with literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and bound different intellectual works. This
protection is obtainable to each revealed and unpublished works.
• Set of rights granted the author
• Creator of a piece, to limit others ability to repeat
• Redistribute and reshape the content.

Related Issues
A copyright protects solely original works of “authorship” enclosed within the following seven
categories:
• Literary works (including pc programs),
• Musical works, together with any incidental words,
• Dramatic works, together with any incidental music,
• Pantomimes and dance works,
• Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works,
• Motion photos and different audiovisual works,
• Sound recordings.

Registering Copyright
Majority of the state signatories of WIPO adhere to the Berne convention that provides
automatic copyright protection. This means that a registration or any other formality is not
required. As for most countries, including the Philippine, there is a system for voluntary
registration of works. Such system “help solve disputes over ownership or creation, as well as
facilitate financial transactions, sales, and the assignment and/or transfer of rights.”
Fair Use
Fair Use is the limitation and to the prerogative granted by copyright law to the author of an
ingenious work. samples of use embrace statement, search engines, criticism, news coverage,
research, teaching, library archiving and scholarship.
Plagiarism
The plagiarism is copying or closely imitating the work of another author, composer, etc., while
no permission and with the intention of passing the results of as original.

What is netiquette?
Netiquette refers to a collection of rules that governs what conduct is socially acceptable in a
web or digital scenario. It’s a social code of network communication. Netiquette is a set of rules
for behaving properly on-line. It represents the importance of correct manners and behavior
on-line. In general, netiquette is that the set of skilled and social etiquettes practiced and
advocated in transmission over any electronic network. Common pointers embody being
courteous and precise, and avoiding cyber-bullying.
Netiquette additionally dictates that users ought to adapt copyright laws and avoid over
victimization emoticons. It could be a short type of network rule or net rule. The word
netiquette could be a combination of ‘net’ (from internet) and ‘etiquette’. It suggests that
respecting alternative users’ views and displaying common courtesy once posting your views to
on-line discussion teams.
10 Basic Rules of Netiquette or Internet Etiquette
Know your manners when using
Technology. The rules of etiquette are
just as important in cyberspace as they
are in the evidence of poor netiquette
can stick around to haunt you for much
longer. Follow these basic rules of
netiquette to avoid damaging your
online and offline relationships.
DO DON’T

- Respect other people’s privacy - Name-call or express offensive

- Verify facts before reposting opinions
- Check messages and respond - Post private or embarrassing images
promptly or comments
- Exclude people or talk behind their
backs.

1. Remember That Real People Take Priority

If some is in the room with you, stop what you are doing and look at them. And don’t answer
your cellphone unless it is to tell the person other end that you will call them right back. If you
are expecting an important call or email, let the person with you know upfront, and apologize
for taking the call. This is also true of public places, such as restaurants, public transit, stores,
and libraries. Avoid taking phone calls and having conversations in these shared spaces.
2. If You Wouldn’t Say It to Someone’s Face, Don’t Say It Online.
Name-calling, cursing, expressing deliberately offensive opinions –if you wouldn’t do it to the
face of anyone who might conceivably see what you write, don’t write it. This goes for any
social media site, forum, chat room, or email message, even if you think it can’t be traced back
to you.
3. If You Wouldn’t Show it in Public, Don’t Share It Online
Naked sex pictures drunk pictures, drug use pictures, unedited home video-if you would have a
problem with your boss, your parents, or your kids seeing it now, or at any point in the future,
don’t post is online.
4. Don’t Exclude Your Audience
If you have an in-joke to share with one other person, or a small number of people in a larger
online group, send them a private message. Don’t make everyone else feel left out by posting
an obscure comment to your Facebook status, forum, or Instagram story.
5. Don’t “Friend” Then “Unfriend” People
NO one believes you have 1,000 friends, but it is insulting to be dropped from someone’s friend
list. Think about it before adding them or accepting their invitation. If you don’t want to be in
touch with them, don’t add them in the first place. If you want to stay touch for professional
reasons, tell them you only use Facebook for close personal friendships, and join LinkedIn or
another professional networking site for more distant contacts.
6. Don’t Overload System Resources With Enormous Files
You might think that sequence of nature pictures with inspirational statements is wonderfully
moving. It might even give you a sense of serenity. But that is the last thing it will give the
person you email it to if it crashes their sever, depletes their inbox quota so their emails get
bounced for a week before they realize, or uses up the last bit of space they needed to
complete an important assignment. So post it to your own space and send people a link. Don’t
attached it to an email.
7. Respect People’s Privacy
Don’t forward information sent to you without checking with the original sender first. Use BCC
(blind carbon copy) rather than CC (Carbon Copy) if you are sending something out to more
than one person. You might think that we are sending online, but your friends may not want
their names and or email addresses publicized to people they do not even know.
8. Don’t Repost Without Checking the Facts
That cure for cancer might sound pretty impressive, but it will cause upset if it is a hoax. And
urban myths add to the noise of the internet and waste people’s time. If you aren’t sure of the
facts, email it to someone who does know or can find out. Or do a search on Google or
snopes.com
9. Check and Respond to Email Promptly
By all means, ignore and delete spam, unsolicited messages, and crazy stuff. But if you
have given someone you email address or if you are in a position where people could
reasonably be expected to contact you by email and your email address is public, have
the courtesy to reply to their message within a few days. If it is going to take longer to
reply, email them and tell them that.
10. Update Online Information That People Depend Upon
Don’t leave inaccurate information online just because you can’t be bothered to update
your website. If you are going to be unavailable, for example, don’t leave your hours of
operation online indicating you will be available. If you can’t keep your website up to
date, take it down.
Digital Divide, Addiction, Bullying
Digital Divide
Digital divide could be a term that refers to the gap between demographics and
regions that have access to trendy info and technology, and people that do not or have
restricted access. Before the late twentieth century, digital divide referred principally to
the division between those with and without phone access.
The digital divide generally exists between those in cities and people in rural areas;
between the educated and the uneducated; between socioeconomic groups; and, globally,
between the more and less industrially developed nations. Even among populations with
some access to technology, the digital divide can be evident in the form of lower-
performance computers, lower-speed wireless connections, lower-priced connections
such as dial-up, and limited access to subscription-based content (Rouse, 2014)
Computer Addiction
A disorder in which the individual turns to the Internet or plays computer games
to change moods, overcome anxiety, deal with depression, reduce isolation or loneliness,
or distract themselves from overwhelming problems. The elderly, as well as children and
adolescents, are particularly vulnerable because they may not realize the extent of their
dependency. In many instances, individuals with computer addiction may seek help for
another condition, such as depression, phobias or other addictions (Shiel, 2018).
Bullying
Stopbullying.org (2019) defines bullying as unwanted, aggressive behavior among
school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is
repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and
who bully others may have serious, lasting problems.
In order to be considered bullying, the behavior must be aggressive and include:
• An Imbalance of Power: Kids who bully use their power—such as physical strength,
access to embarrassing information, or popularity—to control or harm others. Power
imbalances can change over time and in different situations, even if they involve the same
people.
• Repetition: Bullying behaviors happen more than once or have the potential to happen
more than once.
Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone
physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.

Three Types of Bullying

Verbal bullying is saying or writing means things. Verbal bullying includes:
Example: Teasing, Name-calling, Inappropriate sexual comments, Taunting, Threatening
to cause harm.
Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone’s
reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes:
Examples:
- Leaving someone out on purpose
- Telling other children not to be friends with someone
- Spreading rumors about someone
- Embarrassing someone in public

Physical bullying involves hurting a person’s body or possessions.

Physical bullying includes:
- Hitting/kicking/pinching
- Spitting
- Tripping/pushing
- Taking or breaking someone’s things
- Making mean or rude hand gestures

Intellectual Property in International and Local Context

Intellectual property, or IP, as defined by the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO), is the “creation of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic
works, designs and symbols, names and images used in commerce.” Since the products
of human intellect have a direct influence on human civilization and on the development
of societies, there should be safeguards on intellectual property.
Laws are enacted to enforce and recognition toward the fruits of other people’s
ingenuity. Inventions or creations serve some benefits to user, thus in the logic of
commerce of business, inventions and creators should properly have compensated for
their contribution. If their intellectual property right is protected, people will be motivated
to contribute more by continuously inventing and creating for the public good on the
spirit of fair play.
The WIPO is the “global forum for intellectual property service, policy, information,
and cooperation.” In the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property
Organization signed at Stockholm on 14 July 1967 and amended on 28 September 1979,
it has been agreed among the state signatories that the WIPO will be “responsible for the
promotion and protection of intellectual property throughout the world through
cooperation among state and, where appropriate, in collaboration with other international
organizations, and for the administration of various treaties dealing with intellectual
property rights,” WIPO has classified the forms of IP .

Table 1. Types of
Intellectual Property

Terms Description Coverage

Copyright
Legal terms used to describe Books , Music, Paintings,
the rights that creators have Sculpture, Films, Computer
over their literary and artistic program, Databases,
works Advertisement, Maps, Technical
drawings

Patent
Provides the patent owner with Exclusive right granted for an
the right to diced how, or invention
whether, the invention can be
used by others in exchange for
this right. The patent owner
makes technical information
about the invention publicly
available in the published
patent document

Trademark
A sign capable of Products sold or services offered
distinguishing goods or services by a business entity
of one enterprise from those of
other enterprises
Dates back to ancient times
when craftsmen used to put
their signature or “mark” on
their products

Industrial Design Constitutes the ornamental or Design of an object (shape or

 aesthetic aspect of an surface, patterns, lines, or
article/object colors)

Geographical Indication and

Appellation of Origin Sign used on goods that have The name of the place of origin
specific geographical origin and of the goods/products
possess qualities, a reputation
or characteristics that are
essentially attributable to that
place of origin

The Intellectual Property Law of the Philippines

The Philippines, as a State signatory in the Convention Establishing the World
Intellectual Property Organization, is duty-bound to pass a law on intellectual property
protection. Thus, the enactment of Republic Act 8293, otherwise known as “The
Intellectual Property Code of 1997”
According to this piece of legislation, intellectual property rights consist of
1. Copyright and related rights;
2. Trademarks and service marks;
3. Geographic indication;
4. Industrial designs;
5. Patents;
6. Layout-designs {Topographies) of integrated circuits; and
7. Protection of understanding information.

Copyright Protected Works

Under Philippine copyright, both original works and derivative works are protected.
Original works are those that are literary or artistic in natures which include the
following:
• Books, pamphlets, article, and other writings
• Periodicals and newspapers
• Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertation prepared for oral delivery, whether or not
reduced in writing or other material form
• Letters
• Dramatic or dramatic-musical compositions; choreographic works or entertainment in
dumb show
• Musical compositions, with or without words
• Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography or other
works of art; models or designs for works of art
• Original ornamental designs or models for articles of manufacture, whether or not
registrable as an industrial design, and other works of applied art
• Illustration, maps, plans, sketches, chart and three-dimensional works relative to
geography, topography, architecture or science
• Drawings or plastic works of scientific or technical character
• Photographic works including work produced by a process analogous to photography;
lantern sides
• Audiovisual works and cinematographic works and works produced by a process
analogous to cinematography or any process of making audio-visual recordings;
• Pictorial illustrations and advertisements
• Computer programs
• Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works
Works Not Protected
There are also works that are not covered by copyright due to insufficient authorship or
due to the work being of importance to public interest.
2. Unprotected Subject Matter
• Any idea, produce, system, method or operation, concept, principle, discovery or mere
data as such, even if they are expressed, explained, illustrated or embodied in a mark
• News of the day and other miscellaneous facts having the character of mere items of
press information
 Any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as any
official translation.
2. Works of the Government
• Any purpose of statutes, rules and regulations, and speeches, lectures, sermons,
addresses, and dissertations, pronounced, read or rendered in courts of justice, before
administrative agencies, in deliberative assembles and in meeting of public character.
(Sec. 9, first par., P.D. No. 49)

EXERCISE 1

Matching Type: Match column A

with column B, write only the letter of
your correct answer in your notebook
or notebook.
Column A

Column B
1. Copying or closely imitating the work of another A. Copyright
author, composer, etc., while not permission and with
the intention of passing the results off as original.
B. Laptop Addiction
2. A type of bullying that takes place on-line, or
victimization electronic technology like cell phones, C. Cyber Bullying
computers, and tablets over communication tools
D. Fair Use
3. A legal device that provides the creator of a literary,
artistic, musical, or different inventive work the only E. Plagiarism
real right to publish and sell that job.

4. The excessive use of computers to the extent that it

F. Bullying
interferes with standard of living, particularly in using
technological device. G. Netiquette

5. Refers to the limitation and to the prerogative H. Physical Bullying

granted by copyright law to the author of an ingenious
work. I. Patent
6. A term referring to the gap between demographics
J. Cybercrime
and regions that have access to trendy info and
technology, and people that do not or have restricted
access. K. Digital Divide

7. A type of bullying that involves hurting a person’s

body or possessions.

8. The unwanted, aggressive behavior among school

aged children that involves a real or perceived power
imbalance.

9. A set of rules for behaving properly on-line.

10. Exclusive right granted for an invention.

 EXERCISE 2
Activity 1: Complete Me. The following terms are all associated with ethical use of
media and information, before you proceed, try to figure out what these terms.
1. C _ _ _ R _ G _

2. C _ M M _ _ S

3. P _ T E _ _

4. _ A _ R U _ _

5. F _ A M _ _ G

6. _ _ B E _ _ _ L L _ _ _ G

7. _ _ A G _ _ R _ _ M

8. _ E _ _ Q U _ _ _ E
Assessment/Application:
B. True or False. Write True if the statement is correct, otherwise False on your
notebook or answer sheet.
__________ 1. A copyright protects solely original works of “authorship” like literacy works
and sound recording.
__________ 2. Algorithm is a collection of rules that governs what conduct is socially
acceptable in a web or digital scenario.
__________ 3. In the internet always remember that real people take priority.
__________ 4. Never post private or embarrassing images or comments in social media.
__________ 5. Computer addiction is a disorder in which individual turns to the Internet
or plays computer games to change moods, overcome anxiety, deal with depression,
reduce isolation or loneliness, or distract themselves from overwhelming problems.

ESSAY:

1. Cite one example in your school or community of teenagers who have experienced computer
addiction. What happen them? Have they recovered from their addiction?

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.
2. Give one suggestion to avoid cyber bullying. Give one suggestion to avoid being a cyberbully.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.

Student’s name & signature: _________________ Parent’s signature:______________

Teacher’s signature:______________

Date accomplished: ____________

Date submitted: __________