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Report of Project-1

This document describes an AC current detector circuit project submitted by two students to their professor. The circuit uses two BC547 transistors, a 120 ohm resistor, LED, 9V battery, and a copper coil antenna to detect the presence of AC voltage in a wire without contact. When the antenna is brought near a live AC wire, it induces a small current that triggers the transistors and illuminates the LED, indicating that AC current is present in the wire. The circuit is low-cost and useful for technicians to detect broken or electrified wires without cutting the wire.

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403 views12 pages

Report of Project-1

This document describes an AC current detector circuit project submitted by two students to their professor. The circuit uses two BC547 transistors, a 120 ohm resistor, LED, 9V battery, and a copper coil antenna to detect the presence of AC voltage in a wire without contact. When the antenna is brought near a live AC wire, it induces a small current that triggers the transistors and illuminates the LED, indicating that AC current is present in the wire. The circuit is low-cost and useful for technicians to detect broken or electrified wires without cutting the wire.

Uploaded by

03061341753 03061341753
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

PROJECT TITLE: AC CURRENT DETECTOR

SUBMITTED TO: Engr. Dr. Abdul Rehman Rizvi Shb

1: Ahmad Faraz F21BINCE1M06017

2: Muhammad Inam-Ul-Haq F21BINCE1M06011

SEMESTER: 2nd

Program: B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Communication

Depart: Information & Communication Engineering


AC CURRENT DETECTOR CIRCUIT /LIVE WIRE DETECTOR CIRCUIT

REQUIREMENTS

9V Battery

120 Ohm Resistor

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

2x BC547 Transistors

Battery Clip

Copper Coil / Spring ( acts as an antenna)


Ciucuit diagram

Wireless AC current detector


SUMMARY

By using this simple Non Contact AC Voltage Detector Circuit we


can identify the presence of AC voltage in wire or we can use it as
a wire tracker, and also helps to detect broken supply wires. This
circuit may not detect DC supply wire.

Construction & Working

The circuit is constructed by two BC 547 npn transistors, a 120


ohm resistor, an LED, 9v battery and battery clip. The main
purpose of transistor is to switch the input current. It also used to
amplify the given signals.

In this circuit we have connected the emitter of a transistor to the


collector of another transistor. Then, we have connected the base
of transistor to the collector of other transistor. Then, we have
connected a transistor of 120 ohm to emitter of transistor. An LED
(3V) is connected to the resistor to positive end of the battery. An
antenna is connected to the base of transistor. The material used
for antenna should be copper coil or ball pen spring. Then, we
have connected collector and emitter to the negative end of the
9V battery.
When the circuit is brought closer to the live AC wire the LED
starts glowing. So, we can determine that the current is passing
through the wire. When the circuit is brought closer to the live
wire, the transistor starts amplifying the input signals, as a result
the live wire of Ac current is detected.

BC 547 Transistor
It is a general purpose NPN bipolar junction transistor, it has three
terminals called collector, base, and emitter. This transistor widely
used in amplification, switching and other active applications.
The resistors are used as a means of generating voltage drops
and thereby pulling the transistor into the desired operating
region. Because you need to limit the current to semiconductor
terminals. Otherwise, the transistors will be damaged.
LED
It is necessary to know the anode and cathode of an LED (light
emitting diode). An LED have two pins, one is a bit larger than the
other one. The larger pin acts as an anode while smaller in acts
as a cathode.
The LED is of 3V, but we have connected 9V battery, the amount
of voltage for LED is monitored by connecting resistor.
In this circuit, an antenna (spring) is connected to the base of first
transistor. When we place this antenna near an object that is AC
energized, a small current gets induced into the antenna due to
electromagnetic induction. This current triggers the first transistor.
Output of the first transistor triggers the second. The second
transistor switches on the LED indicating that AC voltage is
present.
ADVANTAGES

There are a large number of injuries resulting from electrical


shocks especially while maintaining and repairing electrical lines
and towers. It is very difficult to isolate and check the presence of
voltage in the wires without cutting it.
A contactless voltage detector could come in very handy when
dealing with such situations to be sure about no presence of
voltage before performing any task related to reconditioning of
electrical systems.

The wireless AC voltage detection sensor can interface. With


other devices to detect voltage from 24 VAC to 500. VAC. The
sensor notifies of the presence or absence of voltage.

The leakage can be detected by using a Wireless AC line detector


which will help to prevent accidents. In our project we detect and
monitor the voltage and current.

In Industries accident takes place due to leakage of electricity.


The accidents can be avoided by using the wireless AC line
detector.
Working of AC Current Detector

The copper wire is twisted in order to act as an antenna that


detects any Electromagnetic induction around and generates a
very low level signal. After which the series of transistors come
into the play. The signal from the antenna probably in nano
amperes enters the base of the transistor where

 Ic =  β × Ib

The AC current detector module is powered by a 9V battery,


which then is ready to detect any AC voltage. The module and the
antenna are moved along the live wire and it can be seen that the
LED glows.
The electromagnetic signal is detected by the antenna on the
circuit board and it, therefore, indicates that it is a live wire and
should be handled with care. There are multiple ways to design
an AC current detector, but this by far is the cheapest amongst
all. Although, there are some circuits that show a higher efficiency
in detection and indication but the components used are a little
expensive when compared to our design.

Conclusion
The proposed system is of low-cost device and the device is to
carry easily in the hand and pocket. It is very useful for Engineers
and Technicians to detect the current precisely without cutting the
wire. The proposed device may help all common people to detect
the electrical leakage condition especially in rainy condition.

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